IMMUNE RESPONSE IMAGES. A graphical representation of monoclonal antibodies binding to antigens on a cell surface. A population of monoclonal antibodies

IMMUNE RESPONSE IMAGES

A graphical representation of monoclonal antibodies binding to antigens on a cell surface. A population of monoclonal antibodies targets a specific antigen. They are derived from the same cell and grown clonally (mono-clonal). In this image the antigens are depicted as gold rings and the binding site of the monoclonal antibodies are gold clefts in the Y-shaped antibody structure.

Credit: Anna Tanczos/Wellcome Images

Monoclonal antibodies

Frog IgM antibodies

Two frog IgM antibody molecules. Each molecule contains six Y-shaped subunits analogous to IgG molecules that are held together in a star shape. Each IgM is approximately 30 nanometres in diameter.

Credit: R Dourmashkin/Wellcome Images

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Colour-enhanced image of a small lymphocyte surrounded by a number of red blood cells.Credit: University of Edinburgh/Wellcome Images


Lymphocyte with red blood cells

Two neutrophils are surrounded by red blood cells. Neutrophils are one type of leukocyte (white blood cell) and have a multi-lobed nucleus.Credit: Spike Walker/Wellcome Images


Neutrophils in peripheral blood smear

Colour-enhaced transmission electron micrograph showing fungal bodies (blue) being engulfed by leukocytes (yellow) in the cornea. Credit: Rob Young/Wellcome Images


Fungal elements engulfed by neutrophils

Macrophage from a human tonsil containing a phagocytic vesicle (pink) and lysosomes (dark red). The lysosomes degrade the ingested material by subjecting it to strong chemical and enzymatic attack.Credit: University of Edinburgh/Wellcome Images


Phagocytotic vesicle and lysosomes inside a macrophage

Micrograph showing red blood cells and an eosinphil. Eosinophils are granulocytes, white blood cells (leukocytes) with highly granular cytoplasm and a multilobed nucleus. They defend against parasites and are phagocytic.

Credit: Spike Walker/Wellcome Images


Eosinophil among red blood cells

Colour-enhanced transmission electron microscope image of a mast cell full of histamine granules (pink). Histamine is released as part of an allergic reaction. Credit: University of Edinburgh/Wellcome Images


Mast cell showing histamine granules

Complement-induced pores in a red blood cell membrane. This blood was taken from a patient with paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria, where red blood cells are abnormally sensitive to lysis (destruction) by the complement system.

Credit: R Dourmashkin/Wellcome Images


Complement-induced pores in a cell

The image shows an array of microneedles, micron-scale needles, formed out of a biodegradable polymer. Researchers have shown these materials to be useful in painlessly and safely penetrating the outer layers of the skin, to deliver vaccines and other medicines.

Credit: Peter DeMuth/Wellcome Images


Microneedle vaccine patch

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IMMUNE RESPONSE IMAGES. A graphical representation of monoclonal antibodies binding to antigens on a cell surface. A population of monoclonal antibodies