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Why were people leaving home??
• Leaving crop failures
• Land & job shortages
• Rising taxes
• Famine
Major port cities in the US:
From Europe:• Boston, MA• Philadelphia, PA• Baltimore, MDFrom Asia:• San Francisco, CA• Seattle, WA
TOUR OF ELLIS ISLAND: The Arrival
New arrivals were taken by ferry to the main building
at Ellis Island. Opened in 1892, the first immigrant to arrive was a 15-year-old girl from
Ireland named Annie Moore to
join her parents in New York City.
TOUR OF ELLIS ISLAND: Baggage Room
Immigrants entered the main building through its ground
floor baggage room. They left their bags, etc. here until they
were finished. Immigrants with only a few belongings carried
their things as they climbed the stairs to
the Great Hall for medical and legal
examinations.
TOUR OF ELLIS ISLAND: Stairways to the Great Hall
The first test the immigrants had to
pass became known as the "six second medical exam.“ Doctors
would watch them climb these
stairs…if they had problems, they
were sent for a full examination.
TOUR OF ELLIS ISLAND: Medical Exam By 1917, complete medical exams were
required for every immigrant. Purpose= to
find out if they had a contagious disease. If
their problem was curable, immigrants were
sent to the island's hospital. If it was not, the steamship company that brought them would have to pay to send them back.
TOUR OF ELLIS ISLAND: The Great Hall
The Great Hall was the large waiting room. Immigrants
waited here for their interviews with legal
inspectors after finishing their
medical exams. At best, the entire
process through Ellis Island took 3-5 hours but could take
days or months.
TOUR OF ELLIS ISLAND:
Money Exchange After being
cleared from the Great Hall and had completed
their interviews, immigrants
could go to the money
exchange.
TOUR OF ELLIS ISLAND: Journey’s End
Just beyond the money
exchange was the exit from Ellis Island. 2/3 of
the new Americans then boarded a ferry to New Jersey & the remaining
1/3 took the ferryboat to Manhattan to begin their
new life in New York City, only one mile away.
Immigrants came to America with grand visions of what life was going to be..
• No more poverty!
• Lots of jobs!
• No class system!
• Land of opportunity!
Immigrants faced…. Life in the slums
– Poverty, overcrowding, & neglected neighborhoods
– Dark, pollution- filled air
– Open sewers which attracted rats and disease
And also…. Prejudice, racism, &
discrimination against their ethnic
backgrounds
– Were unable to get jobs in some areas
– White Americans often confronted immigrants with violence
Immigrant families often made homes in ethnic ghettos….Neighborhoods that were divided by ethnic groups
where people shared culture (and often provided protection
from white Americans)
Results of Immigrant Urbanization• Political divisions because of social
needs (different groups fighting for power)
• The rise of “Political Machines” and “Bosses”– Unofficial organizations designed to keep a
certain political group in power– Buying votes, intimidating immigrants,
trading jobs or housing for votes, etc.