IMIA 2011 Baixauli Ethics

8/13/2019 IMIA 2011 Baixauli Ethics

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IMIA International ConferenceHarvard Medical School, 2011

Llus Baixauli OlmosIMIA Director & Spain Rep

Universitat Jaume I (Spain)

Jamia Millia Islamia (India)


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1. INTRO

A bit of context What and what for How

Sample

Method

3. DISCUSSION

Understanding of documents Similarities and divergences

Moral system and structure

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2. DESCRIPTION

Theory: Philosophy &Sociology

Sample: General: Types, aims

contents Specific: Impartiality &

accuracy

4. CONCLUSIONS


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PSI: young occupation and field

Fundamental doubts: practical &philosophical

Search for an ethos (a professional identity) is

prominent, but no consensus

Need for more work

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WHAT

1.Analysis of

deontological docs inforce

2.Focus: impartialityand accuracy

WHAT FOR

i. Understand docs

i. Comprehensive view

ii.Refine blurry ethical

principles

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Object of study: deontological docs andethical principles

Qualitative study: semantic textual analysis Also quantitative criterion

Method: Grounded Theory & Cluster analysis Process:

1. Gathering and selection of docs (sample: 7 docs)

2. Analysis of docs:

General aspects, Ethical concepts, Discussion

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A philosophical viewA sociological view

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Morals

Ethics

Deontology

Setting regulations

General regulations

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Ethics: moral philosophy

Morals & Ethics, related but

Ethics>applied ethics>professional ethics Reflection upon duties and obligations

Moral issues arising from specialization

Goal: lay down a common set of rules Study of rules: Deontology

Professional Ethics & Deontology, related but

Ethics = reflection; Deontology = norms

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Various purposes:

Influence, guide, formulate, express,

communicate, commit, stipulate demands,reflect...

Various types:

Code of ethics/conduct: binding, short, rules

Standards of practice: informative, long,

guidelines

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Outward reading Professionalization processes need:

Developing an ethos Influencing in various areas

Sanctioning of document

Disentangle vicious circle Various views poured in a melting pot

Change crystallized in a document

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Content and purposes: Description of ethos: guidelines

Exaltation of contribution

Justification of existence

Internal control

Training and assessment

Emphasis on independence and autonomy Other: accreditation, regulation of relations,

associations, continued competence Codes value has been questioned

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General elements: types, aims, contents of documentsSpecific elements: ethical principles Accuracy and Impartiality

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The 7 texts are convergent Classification:

1. Scope

2. Agency3. Concreteness

1. SCOPE

All: ASTM, NRPSI, NSGCIS Medical: CHIA, IMIA, NCHIC Legal: NAJIT

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2. AGENCY

Association: CHIA, IMIA, NAJIT Official body: NRPSI, NCHIC

Standardization: ASTM Mixed: NSGCIS

3. CONCRETENESS

Code of ethics: NRPSI, NAJIT Standards of practice: CHIA,

IMIA, NCHIC, NSGCIS Mixed : ASTM


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The documents are intended to: provide information for all and set clear

expectations (6/7)

seek consistency (5/7)

improve quality (4/7)

serve as assessment tools (4/7) for accreditation

(2/7) or hiring (2/7) be used for training purposes (3/7)

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Docs in content,

in form

Info organized in:1. Introduction

2. Body (ethical content)

3. Other issues

1. Introduction

publishing institution

purposes (situation,need)

potential uses

content &organization

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2. ETHICAL CONTENT

Confidentiality: 7/7 no variation

Impartiality: 7/7 no variation

Accuracy: 7/7 Accuracy, Completeness,

Fidelity Professionalism: 5/7

Professionalism,Competence, Integrity,Distance

Respect: 5/7 Respect for individuals and

communities, Nodiscrimination

Competence:4/7 Development , Maintenance

of Skills, Continued

Competence Other: Culture, Conflict of interests,

Limitations of practice,Protocol and demeanour,Credentials, Role

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3. OTHER

Terminology, 7/7

Bibliography, 4/7 Qualifications, 3/7

Organizations, 2/7

Role, 2/7

Settings, 2/7

Responsibilities, 2/7 Other topics:

Needs analysis,protocols, ethical

dilemmas, advocacy

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Distinct value, most common Meaning (very recurrent):

Convey faithfully all messages (7/7). Maintain style, register, tone, naturalness (5/7)

Inform about cultural/technical terms without

equivalent (5/7)

Identify and correct mistakes (5/7)

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Meaning (II, less recurrent):

Inform of duty (4/7)

Avoid interjecting additions, omissions,explanations, suppositions (4/7)

If not understanding, clarification (4/7)

Preserve paraverbal and non-verbal content (3/7)

Provide necessary cultural information (3/7)

Manage spacial configuration (3/7)

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Non-distinct value, most common Meaning:

Disclose interest (6/7)

Disclose personal ties (4/7)

If factor affects impartiality/ trust, considerdeclining or withdrawing (4/7)

Remain impartial and avoid displaying bias (4/7)

Not involve in conversation, give advice orrespond (4/7)

Not filtering or speaking on behalf of (4/7)

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Meaning (II, less recurrent)

Inform of duty and explain it (2/7)

Identify biases and values (2/7) Not interject opinions, beliefs (2/7)

Not interject thoughts (2/7)

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Influence among docs: CHIA, IMIA, NCHIC, NSGCIS

Role has been refined, narrowed

Diversity in length and content: type & scope Introductions Ethical content

Guidelines under principles Principles: Confidentiality, Impartiality, Accuracy

Denominations , articulation

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Goals

Means

Principles

Levels ? Greek

Values what axios

Principles why deon

Goals what for telos

Strategies how praxis

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Impartiality and Accuracy

Accuracy is dense; Impartiality, dispersed

Dependence: Imp is needed for Acc Core: Accuracy = PSIs internal good

Non-ethical content, varied NSGCIS most thorough:

Interpreting and other levels of action

Controversial guidelines: explaining, register

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Codes have to be critically understood andapplied, but not necessarily invalidated

They stem from reflection and need to rely on

training (ASTM) and professional judgement

(NAJIT)

Variety of settings & situations

Classification not straightforward content, format, wording,

Reasonable coincidence theorysample

BUT, role? More restrictive approach?

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Ethics is open, fluid, dynamic, progressive

Structure of professional norms

Values, principles, objectives, strategies

Rules are useful but not sufficient; they mustbe questioned

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Diverse solutions to problems and dilemmas

Ability to justify!

What problem is, Why this strategy

Individual critical construction of professional

judgement

training, practice, continuous development

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Llus Baixauli Olmos

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IMIA 2011 Baixauli Ethics