IMAGINING THE INSPIRATION - Artistic Concepts; Scientific

3D Gallery:

Artistic Concepts;

Scientific and

Literary Quotations

by Penélope Fournier

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Title: IMAGINING THE INSPIRATION

- Artistic Concepts; Scientific and Literary Quotations

Author: Cláudia Penélope Fournier Publisher / Editor: Author’s edition ( C.P.F. )

Graphic Project|Cover and Title: Penélope Fournier Organization and Layout:

Translation: Penélope Fournier Penélope Fournier

Photography: Peter Scorcio ; Penélope Fournier Main Cover Image: Oil painting ‘The Guardians’ (author’s

creation ) 1st Edition: August 2011

Printing / Distribution: Amazon.com, Inc. Legal Copyright Deposit: 4996/2010 ( Portugal, Lisbon )

ISBN: 978-989-96434-7-5 (paperback) E-mail: [email protected]

Website: www.cpenelopefournier.com

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“ A monk asked Yun-men:

What are the lessons of a lifetime?

Yun-men replied:

An appropriate sentence. ”

ZEN MONK

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“ Logic will take you from A to B. Imagination will take you anywhere.”

- Albert Einstein -


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IMPROVISATIONS

“Art washes away from the soul the dust of everyday life. “

- Pablo Picasso -

Through a small compilation of a few oil paintings, one can create far more than Art. The art world, and what each picture represents, is far beyond the image, color, perceptions, feelings and sensations. The art and its content give value to the painting, transmit us knowledge and reveal a message of deepness. Thus, each painting itself is unique and each one is associated to a person, and therefore it is given a name, as a tribute to unique personalities that quickly distinguished themselves in history. Men and women from the past that stood out for their ideas, for their special work or discovery, and how they have been perpetuated through time as an icon to inspired future generations. Thus we have, for example, the painting: 'Many Worlds' – of Everett, 'Portals' – of Einstein, 'Golden Spiral' – of Leonardo da Vinci, and also, for example, 'The Guardians' – of Euler.

In a simplified way, but not less interesting, each painting represents itself a name, a thematic and therefore a story.

A work that let us know some of the most important thinkers of our history, focusing primarily in the area of Art & Science. A short passage, with a clear and concise presentation of their most fundamental ideas, or a brief reference to their lives and their discoveries. Scientists, artists, writers, quickly classified as genius. Unforgettable names, unquestionably, but it is never too much to remember them again: Galileo, Einstein, Newton, Euler, Van Gogh, Leonardo da Vinci, Klimt, Faraday, Clausius, Marie Curie, etc.

Between the artist who wants to create something that does not exist; the scientist who wants to know deeply about everything that exists; it stands out the poet who aspires to the ability of simultaneously embrace all that exists and also what it does not exist, being the only one to be able to see and visualize as easily both the Real and Imaginary worlds.

Finally, the portfolio of 'Imagining the Inspiration‟ includes a diversified and interdisciplinary universe, consisting of a compilation that brings together three distinct concepts and dimensions: a Gallery involved in an Artistic concept, Scientific concepts, and Literary quotations.

Under this perspective, the texts, images, and quotes included, have no other ambition than making themselves available to readers as a Manual of Inspiration.

C. P. Fournier

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To the memory of the geniuses of the past, to the dreamers and creative,

and to all of those who continue to paddle even in stormy waters.

“ A creative genius cannot be trained. There are no schools of creativity. ”

- Ludwig Von Mises -

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“ This world is no more than a canvas to our imagination.”

- Henry Thoureau -


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Index of the Art Gallery:

Serie I: ‘Scientific Inspiration’

Oil 1 – Many Worlds -Everett Pag. 16

Oil 2 – Golden Spiral - Leonardo da Vinci Pag. 19

Oil 3 – Butterfly Effect - Lorenz Pag. 22

Oil 4 – Cubes and Dimensions – Kaluza-Klein Pag. 25

Oil 5 – Fractal Cristal - Newton Pag. 28

Oil 6 – Heart - Mandelbrot Pag. 31

Oil 7 – SnowFlake - Von Koch Pag. 34

Oil 8 – Horse Nebula - Kandinsky Pag. 37

Oil 9 – Little Sequence - Fibonacci Pag. 40

Oil 10–North Star - Galileu Pag. 43

Oil 11–Portals - Einstein Pag. 46

Serie II: ‘Genuine Inspiration’

Oil 12 – Zen - Rothko Pag. 62

Oil 13 – The Code of the Universe - Fournier Pag. 65

Oil 14 – The Labyrinth - Feynman Pag. 68

Oil 15 – (Im)Perfect Love - Van Gogh Pag. 71

Oil 16 – Human Specie - Michelangelo Pag. 74

Oil 17 – Wind Rose - Curie Pag. 77

Oil 18 – The Defeat - Clausisus Pag. 80

Oil 19 – The Message - Faraday Pag. 83

Oil 20 – Secret Window - Klimt Pag. 86

Oil 21 – Quantum Abstractions - Planck Pag. 89

Oil 22 – The Guardians - Euler Pag. 92

Serie III: ‘No Inspiration’

Oil 23 – Quiet Waters - Escher Pag.101

Oil 24 – Improvisations - Darwin Pag.106

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SERIE

I

SCIENTIFIC INSPIRATION

“In fact, imagination is nothing else but a memory mode,

emancipated from the order of time and space. “

- Samuel Taylor Coleridge -

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An Introduction: It is the nature of human mind to think, create and form new ideas. The

path of the birth for something completely new first comes from the creation of the theoretical idea, of its conscious recognition, until its physical consolidation. The focus point of this entire model is the brain, whose job is to perceive external stimuli, devoting most of its time to this activity and to the perception of everything around him, assimilating continuous information. This form of intellectual progress may suggest that intelligence is in some way connected with a good memory. Defending this statute, we would say that only those who have a high capacity to storage information can give the brain a higher level of understanding and knowledge.

Currently, the reflection on the field of intelligence and genius capacity has attracted many researchers who claim and certify that the memory capacity of geniuses, prodigies childe, or highly gifted people, is extraordinarily well developed. In my understanding, I do not think that talent is directly related to the ability of memorizing. Naturally, this field of research, which aims to know what makes some people develop extraordinary talents, raises different opinions and heated controversies.

The idea of the proximity of genius mind can be summarized with the concept of IQ (intelligence quotient). The intelligence coefficient appears as a practical indicator of intellectual development. Currently the average measure of human intelligence is classified at the value of 100, and all of this potential can reach a maximum of 200 values. A person with an IQ above 140 is already considered to be highly gifted.

Among the founders of the empirical measurement of intelligence is to highlight Francis Galton (a cousin of Charles Darwin). At two and a half years Galton was able to read several works, with eight years attended student classes at high school; at fifteen he joined a Medicine degree. According to these data Galton had an IQ close to 200!

By mid-century XIX an investigation was conducted to choose a sample of three hundred famous and distinguished men and women, in order to find out what their IQ was.

In a short resume, the classification for the first ten geniuses person of history was classified as follows:

1 - John Stuart Mill, 2 - Goethe, 3 - Leibniz 4 - Grotius, 5 - Macaulay, 6 - Bentham, 7 - Pascal, 8 - Schelling; 9 - Haller, and last but not the least: 10 – Coleridge.

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In conclusion with respect to the intelligence and intellectual capacity there are at least a consensus among most researchers. Quoting Dietrich Schwanitz "The intelligence is not everything. What you have to join in it is creativity. ".

The role of multiple intelligence, imagination and creativity is fundamental to the creation of new ideas and development of all forms of knowledge. The tree of knowledge must be made up of several branches and trunks of solid information, creative and flexible leafs that will assimilate new data, and flowers with exotic originality that will express the dawn of a new idea.

If there could be placed the importance of Imagination and Inspiration in the development of the Theory of Knowledge; how this component of creativity is the only one we have to see what is not clearly visible and within immediate reach of understanding; which is the only capacity that one have for bringing together divergent and unrelated ideas, converging them in one, linking and engaging them in a solid relationship; as only the creative souls are the one able to combine what might seem absolutely contradictory to any other observer or to someone with a simpler or less flexible mind, as only these person are not impressed or intimidated by opposing ideas, differing judgments, asymmetrical concepts, contradictory sciences. The look of a creative mind does not only sees the image of complexity. In essence, the vision of all this 'chaos' results into the mind of a creator as a stimulus.

Returning attention to the issue of duality Imagination / Inspiration and its role in the development of epistemology and science research, we could begin by noting that the human mind cannot think without images. The value and power of the image is already mentioned for a long time. Since the Aristotelian Physics that this procedure is part of all mental forms of thought and it is responsible for the representation of intelligible things. Imagination can be understood as a way of representing something that we feel does not exist in our world, or that only exists in our mental world. The mental image and its meaning, always remain closely linked to the concept of imagination. The first major theorists to address this concept, Freud and Jung, reported the imagination as a creative force that can act both in the field of conscious and in the unconscious mind.

The literature of the XVIII century did not fail to emphasize the creative power of imagination as an essential activity of artistic creation. The European Romanticism worked this concept of imagination to the exhaustion.

One of the pioneers in formulating a new Theory of the Imagination was the Englishman Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772-1834), presenting this concept as a privileged path to knowledge and as an alternative - even if a


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subjective one - to achieve other forms of knowledge. Coleridge's belief was so intense that culminated in the comparison of the power of imagination in the creative power of God.

The XX century gave us more options about the Imagination. Synthesizing, the result of the act imagined was less interesting than the process of thought and imagining itself. What interests the artist most is the journey and the exploration of the boundaries of imagination. The creative space of consciousness then becomes a dynamic and inviting place.

Some reflections over the genesis of this concept are explored in the book “L'Imagination”, by the philosopher Jean Paul Sartre. The poetic imagination is also regarded as a form of self-analysis, since the thought is always proximity close with the personal experiences and personality of the real artist, writer, or scientist.

Inspiration and intuition work as a magical guide where absurd ideas, unthinkable thoughts, help to build and give form to the considerations and conclusions of the intellect. Thus, the exercise of imagination should not be restricted to literature or art. This process and method of mental activity can and should be extended to science.

This strength of mind is certainly one of the most free and grandiose act of human understanding and it is also an unlimited source of inspiration. Without it we would never have had the opportunity to see work as unique as those, for example, of the poet Fernando Pessoa and his heteronyms. But this writer - now with worldwide recognition - would never see the publication of his works in his life time. Only one of his works was accepted for publication during his life! But according to the speech of a poet-genius, and in his own words, it seems that he understood that they did not understand him...

«Well, the genius is precisely in the same situation as the next generation

(...) it is in opposition to the time in which he lives. There is a coincidence between the role of a genius and the role of the

time which succeeds him. (...) This man becomes, that way, both creator and son of the next generation.

Men of genius either become famous in his own time - also by having talent, wit or astuteness - or, not having them at all, began, therefore, despised by their own time, and only become famous for the following season.».

FERNANDO PESSOA – The Immortality –

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Many Worlds

Everett

Artistic Concept: Oil 1 – Many Worlds


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Scientific Concept: The interpretation of many-worlds can be applied to both area of

Philosophy and Physics and consists in a formulation of the existence of a Multiverse with simultaneous permanence in time. This interpretation, suggested by Quantum Mechanics, proposes the existence of multiple Parallel Universes, and was first time formulated by Hugh Everett.

Although several versions of the Many Worlds Theory have been proposed since the original work of Everett, all share two key ideas: The first one corresponds to the existence of a state function or equation for the entire Universe, which follows a very fundamental formula of physics, specifically in the area of quantum mechanics, which is the Schrödinger equation. The second idea shows that this function state is universal and multidimensional, generalizing that all the events that happens corresponds to a quantum superposition of several states, possibly infinite, which constitute the entire range of probabilities of our actions with all possible options that would occur in the whole multiple universe, simply assuming that all these parallel universes exist independently and do not communicate with each other. Being banned this perception, each observer is only aware of its own reality ... unless there is some possibility to establish a 'phone line' with these parallel worlds ...

“ - To be able to speak properly about the 'forms' of time, it would be necessary to be above Time in order to observe it better, as if we were an outside observer of the Universe, only this could assume the hypothesis of obtaining a global view of the Fundamental Time and unmask this Conspiracy of Time. (...)

With no more time to waste, the Professor began his speech. His brown eyes were shining bright, intense diluted in a deep mystery, and his face, usually pale and white, was now flushed and excited. The result was a beautiful atmosphere in which thought flows with graceful freedom.

People like Ruben Klein live in a mental world in which one can only peek with admiration!

- You have to follow me closely. - said. - I will oppose one or another fundamental idea that is universally accepted. For the moment, forget everything you´ve learn, everything teachers have taught you so far and start thinking for yourselves. I advise you to build a new thinking model right from the start.

And so he proceeded openly, direct to the point, and without suspense. - Basically I'm going to show you that Reality is not even Real!”.

– ‘The Travel in Time – 21 Solutions for 21 Questions of the XXI century Physics’ – Vol. I - C. P. Fournier

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Literary Concept:

“ Those who are not able to reborn again, will not see the kingdom of God (...) Those who are born from flesh are flesh

and those who are born of spirit are spirit.” Book of S. John (3,3-7)

BIBLE

“Beyond this world there are other worlds.” ALBERT EINSTEIN

“We dream that another world is possible and it becomes a reality the

possibility of that other world.” LUÍS SEPÚLVEDA

“ The distinction between Past, Present and Future

is only a tenuous and persistent illusion.” ALBERT EINSTEIN

“The universe is not only stranger than we suppose;

is stranger than we can assume.” J. B. HALDANE

“There are more mysteries between heaven and earth, than those which are

dreamed with our vain philosophy.” SHAKESPEARE

“Smile, and look calmly behind to the illusion of the world.”

SCHOPENHAUER

“The limits of science are like the horizon; the more we approach them, the more they retreat.”

BACON

“Only with art we can create new worlds.” WASSILY KANDINSKY

“I live in a very small house but my windows open to a very big world.”

CONFUCIUS

“The body was born slave, but the soul is born free.” MADAME SWETCHINE


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Golden Spiral

Leonardo da Vinci

Artistic Concept: Oil 2 – Golden Spiral

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Scientific Concept:

The Golden Spiral takes us to the world of art and mathematics, revealing a number of gold and showing how with it is possible to draw a perfect curve or line, so beautiful that the mathematicians decided to call it the Golden Spiral. Since this is an irrational number, it is, therefore, endless and infinitely magical. Its presence can be revealed in Nature, in Anatomy, Greek Architecture and in the world of Art. This number reveals an harmonious measure, a special and perfect proportion, which was named after various different names, divine and golden, being symbolized by a Greek letter, the letter Fi: φ = 1.618, as a way to homage the Greek architect and sculptor Fídias, who used the golden ratio in his works, especially in his most famous work, the 'Parthenon' in Athens.

The golden ratio is an harmonious division that is obtained from a segment AB which is divided into two parts, AC and CB. The number Fi, the proportion of gold, comes from the division of the biggest measure on the smallest, (A________C____B ) , of which, the segment AB/AC = AC/CB = φ. The golden rectangle it is constructed from these measures, with length AB and width CB, which, from an aesthetic point of view, seems to be the most perfect rectangle, and the one which expresses more beauty and harmony.

This fascinating number is known as the mathematical key of universal harmony and can appear implicitly inscribed on sea-shells and aquatic animals, such as a unique species of cephalopods, the nautilus, and equally present in divisions of perfect squares. This search for patterns and correspondence between Mathematic and Nature has always attracted great interest and attention from mankind. Given the enigmatic nature, this number has passionate innumerous researchers and curious man and also both artists and scientists.

Leonardo da Vinci has been considered as one of the greatest geniuses in human history, given the multitude talents he possessed, both in the field of Art and Science. A multiple personality of creation: Painter, engineer, architect, writer, scientist, anatomist, inventor, sculptor and designer, most of his works were recorded in notebooks. There are about 13.000 pages that contain a myriad of sketches, notes and drawings of the author. These drawings were dedicated to what he liked to do best: observe carefully the world around him and describe it with lines, giving form to this ideas through drawing. For this Genius the observation was the main way of knowledge and the only way to achieve real science. Leonardo lived in full Renaissance in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, and expressed better than anyone the spirit of that time.


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The Renaissance is known as the time of the Humanists, a distinct era which established a new dialogue and a new route, bringing together the passion for Knowledge and the love for Art. Humanism is characterized by enormous progress in fine arts, sciences and human laws. But it is undoubtedly Leonardo da Vinci who better represents this epic time and the fusion between art and science. Perhaps his best known works are the portrait of Lisa del Giocondo (Mona Lisa), the fresh painting of the Last Supper, and also known the Vitruvius Man, whose study of human proportions emphasize the divine measure. The number of gold seems to have also inspired this singular artist, trying to conceive a relationship and union between mathematics, anatomy and art.

Literary Concept:

“Everything that is in the plan of reality has been one day only a dream.” LEONARDO DA VINCI

“First, do not let yourself to be perturbed,

because everything happens according to the laws of the universal nature and soon you will no longer exist.”

MARCUS AURELIUS

“One must keep in mind that life is continuously spent as it decreases the time that we lack.”

MARCUS AURELIUS

„The hero must remain undisturbed.‟ C. P. FOURNIER

“Dream as if you lived forever. Live as if you were to die today.”

JAMES DEAN

“Whether you can or dream that you can do it, get it started! Audacity has genius, strength and magic in itself.”

GOETHE

“When you have fulfilled your duty, you still have left another: be pleased with yourself.”

GOETHE

“May you live in an interesting time.” CONFUCIUS

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Butterfly Effect

Lorenz

Artistic Concept: Oil 3 – Butterfly Effect


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Scientific Concept:

„It is very difficult to make predictions, especially if it is about the future '. This popular adage is regarded as an acquired knowledge and where the future is considered as the greatest of the unknowns. The Butterfly Effect reflects the consequences of a theory that deals with phenomena of great unpredictability, turbulence, chaos and uncertainty; characteristic of certain science groups and complex dynamic systems, such as, for example, Meteorology. This effect was first discussed in 1963 by Edward Lorenz, whose theory presented assumes that the flapping of a butterfly can influence the natural course and physical evolution of an entire non linear system, as it is the case of a weather system, with a highly indeterministic behavior and also deeply complex, given the large number of variables that is necessary to consider if we want to carry out a rigorous definition of the initial conditions of the atmospheric system. To this purpose, would be imperative to define and catalog the exact position, speed and direction, of all particles that make up the atmospheric system, besides being necessary to take into account all of the many external variables that affect this sensitive system, such as: solar wind, translation / rotation of the Earth, Coriolis Force; movement of leaves on the trees, smoke and other gases emitted into the atmosphere; any other small atmospheric turbulence ... etc., etc. As it is virtually impossible to frame in one single equation all of these variables, the only alternative and possibility was to start working with statistical and probability models, thus mean, working with Chaos in a more deterministic way. Chaos theory emerges then as the only theory able to focus on studying and understanding these complex, unstable and dynamic systems.

The Butterfly Effect aims to highlight the idea that the smallest change in the initial conditions of a given dynamical system, in this case, the mere flapping of a butterfly, can be enough to change the entire and complete physical behavior of the system. A minimal disturbance, which impact may culminate in the formation of storms and cause the onset of a hurricane on the other side of the world. This sensitive dependence on initial conditions demonstrates the great degree of unpredictability of these sciences, in which the smallest of changes can have profound impacts, creating a domino effect and leading to consequences of unimaginable proportions.

Very interestingly, a closer inspection shows us what happens when these chaotic motions are analyzed and defined through graphics. What the graphic design shows is that the initial representation of a random movement becomes standardized. After a series of markings and overlays the graph begins to form an image, a default, which after assess, amazingly seems to have the shape of a butterfly!

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Literary Concept:

“ …An intelligence knowing all the universal variables at a specific given time, could compose in a single mathematical formula the unification of all the

movements of the Universe. Consequently, it will no longer exist for this intelligence the past or the future, as in the eyes of this entity all the events

would be the result of the present moment. ” LAPLACE

“Time brings the best perspective.”

WALTER DRESEL

“Fate can often surprises us, but on the other hand, we are also able to surprise Destiny.”

MICHAEL GUILLEN

“The secret of the world is that all things subsist and do not die, but just disappear from view for a while.”

RALPH EMERSON

“One who suppresses a moment of anger can prevent one day of regret.”

PROVERB

“Carpenters shape the wood; The archers mould arrows;

The wise-men models themselves.” BUDA

“In anger, nothing should be more convenient than silence.”

SAFO

“ Laugh – If you are wise.” MARTIAL

“Each time I take a wrong decision, I automatically take a new one.”

HARRY TRUMAN

“At certain times, men are masters of their own destinies.” WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE

“Time and patience are more powerful than the strength and passion.”

JEAN LA FONTAINE


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Cubes and Dimensions

Kaluza-Klein

Artistic Concept: Oil 4 – Cubes and Dimensions

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Scientific Concept: “ The idea of living in an imaginary Universe with more dimensions is

not new. Many theories have tried to explore these concepts. The Theory of Strings was one of them. For this theory to be viable, our Universe should have more than three dimensions, at least ten. In this Universe, the extra dimensions would not be visible, or they would not be perceived by us, in that case, these dimensions should be extremely small, so that, they were consider to be rolled. This rolled and small size dimensions would be much more difficult to detect than the larger size and extended dimensions, which are evident to us, the so familiar three spatial dimensions.

But our Universe may very well have much more dimensions than what it seems at first sight. And a new dimension will be, therefore, a new direction in space and time!

The multi-dimensions of the Strings Theory had its initial inspiration from the theory of two mathematicians: Kaluza and Klein. In 1919, Kaluza sent a paper to Einstein with an explosive suggestion. Proposing that the space tissue could have more than the three common dimensions! Beyond those dimensions which we all know and that are provided by our physical senses and by our perceptions, there would be in our space tissue a fourth dimension!

If our Universe had a total of five dimensions, four for space and one of time, it would be possible to get a combination of unification between the Theory of General Relativity and the Electromagnetic Theory of Maxwell in a single common formalism.

Thinking that there may be more dimensions out there might be something with a peculiar sense, more or less bizarre. After all, what is the meaning of this new dimension? Our three known dimensions are defined by the three possible directions of movement allowed in a spatial area, which are what we usually call of: left-right dimension, front-back dimension, and up-down dimension. These are the three possible spatial movements, accompanied always by a dimension of time, which is, the future-past dimension. A new dimension implies and provides the existence of a direction independent of all the others, therefore, it can be consider as a new movement, a different way of experiencing and crossing the space and time!

But even if the Universe contains an extra spatial dimension, such direction will reflect a physical concept rather difficult to conceive and to understand in our intellect. There are certain concepts which can only be perceived through mental abstractions. On the other side, we cannot simply deny the existence of other possible dimensions. The concepts between what we believe that the world is and the concepts of what they really are, it


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will always be very speculative and controversial, subject of numerous descriptions and interpretations.

There is a difference between what we can give as a definition of real and what is the exact essence of reality.

Wised would be the modesty that would advocate a view more undefined rather than defined about the dimensions of the Universe. Our senses only serve to excite the reason, to provide us the good sense, to indicate and to testify, but they cannot see and know everything. The truth does not come from the physical senses, except a small part.”.

- ‘The Travel in Time - 21 Solutions for 21 Questions of the XXI century Physics’ – Vol. I - C. P. Fournier.

Literary Concept:

“To the few who love me and whom I love, to those who feel more than think,

to the dreamers and those who put their faith in dreams as their only realities.”

EDGAR ALLAN POE

“Know yourself and you will know the Universe and the Gods.” SOCRATES

“Today, could not conceive most attention to my suspicion,

since now it is no time to act, but only to meditate and to know.”

DESCARTES

“One world at a time.” HERMAN HESSE

“I know no more encouraging fact than the unquestionable ability of man to

elevate his life through a conscious effort.” HENRY THOREAU

"I say that the whole Universe is infinite because it has no end, no limit, or

surface. I also say that the Universe is not infinite because all the parts that it can take is finite, and of the innumerable worlds

which contains each one of it is also finite." - Philotheus, character in 'About the infinity of the sky ' –

GIORDANO BRUNO

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Fractal Cristal

Newton

Artistic Concept:

Oil 5 – Fractal Cristal


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Scientific Concept: Although the number of people interested in appreciation of fractal

geometry is still scarce, among students, scientists, artists or just common people, the community of curious and enthusiastic about this issue is growing day by day. The concept of fractality is constantly revealed as a hidden order of the structure of Nature. This organization can be associated with many forms, such as: the shape of the clouds, soap bubbles; and also present in the formation of plants as fetus and broccoli; and equally present in ice crystals, tectonic faults, and even in the organization and dispersion of galaxies throughout the universe. These are all patterns that obey to the fractal geometry. This geometry seems to appeal to a Geometry of Chaos, but in fact chaos is a constant, orderly, organized state, able to be described by formulas and statistical models. The fractal objects allude to an infinite division of matter, revealing hidden dimensions of the same repeating and standardized pattern as the scale is expanded or decreased. The base form or image is always the same, which is multiplied or divided by the profusion of the scale, suggesting that what you see is nothing more than a repetition of Nature and the Cosmos, an endless repetition and a constant one, which manifests whenever different scales of observation are used. Therefore, and to paraphrase William Blake, perhaps it is actually possible to "see the world in a grain of sand".

The fractal images fall into one organized geometry, just like the mathematics of fractal geometry, Nature also seems to be fascinated by the order of numbers. The fractal is an image that is repeated infinitely, perhaps then, in the fractal geometry one can find the very reflection of nature and geometry of the Universe!

In the center of this new science is associated the concept of infinity. Infinity is the most mysterious number of mathematics, equally absent and present, accurate and indefinite, complete and imperfect. A mathematical term initially vague and impossible to treat, whose symbol ∞ was proposed by the English mathematician John Wallis in 1655, but later suffered a revolutionary application. The concept of infinity has been further developed by Isaac Newton in the seventeenth century, developing it and applying it to the „limit‟ concept, marking a revolutionary turn in the History of Science. With its fundamental theorem of calculus, Newton establishes an amazing relationship between the differential calculus and integral calculus, essential tools in modern mathematics. This scientist, with a character of its own, was able to revolutionize the world of science with his many discoveries, not only in mathematics but also in field of physics. His works were of great diversity and covered very different areas: from the study of

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the decomposition of light in a prism; the invention of a new telescope; the study of movements of the stars; culminating in a theory he published in 1686, which reveals the existence of a universal law of gravitation and attraction. Humanity has a great debt to this brilliant mathematician and physicist. But according to his own words, he also realized that the whole process of an idea is an infinite interlacement with other ideas:

“If I could see further was because I was upon the shoulders of giants.” Sir. ISAAC NEWTON ( 1642 – 1727 )

Literary Concept:

“Wanting the infinite infinitely.” KIERKEGAARD

“If you think the infinite, you think and confirm your infinite ability to think.”

FEUERBACH

“The thought makes the greatness of Man.” BLAISE PASCAL

“We have a measuring instrument whose range has no limit: our thought.”

MAX PLANCK

“What leads and drags the world are not the machines, but the ideas.” VICTOR HUGO

“Nature and its laws were hidden in the night, God said, let it be Newton! And all was light.”

ALEXANDRE ( the Pope )

“In the existence, the watchword is always forward. Existence is the synthesis of the infinite and of the finite,

and the existing individual is simultaneously finite and infinite.” KIERKEGAARD

“He who expects the impossible is the greatest of all.” KIERKEGAARD

“Forget the distinctions. Jump into the unlimited and make it your home.”

CHUANG TZU

„Only human thought reveals the energy of the infinite.‟ C. P. FOURNIER


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Heart

Mandelbrot

Artistic Concept: Oil 6 – Heart

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Scientific Concept:

The fractal word comes from the Latin adjective fractus which means breaking. These new models of geometric figures were born to enrich and beautify the entire branch of Mathematics.

The study area of fractal objects, multifractals, and fractal geometry is a relatively new science founded in the late 70 years of the XX century by the French mathematician Benoît Mandelbrot, a new science which has made extraordinary progress over the past two decades. Many contemporary disciplines such as Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Geology, Meteorology, Astrophysics, etc., can no longer give up this new science in order to improve their own specific studies, willing to reveal some more secrets of Nature. As a fractal object, this Mandelbrot image, when studied with higher resolution, presents a limitless number of replicas of the same set ad infinitum. This characteristic that all fractal objects possess, in which the same geometric shape is repeated, displaying a repetitive structural formation, is a property that is defined as self-similarity.

The contemplation of fractal geometry is reflected in several objects and images of nature that are build with fractal patterns. Apparently, it is possible to use fractals to reproduce everything, from the shoreline of a continent to the contours of an alpine forest. And so we have a vision of a fractal Universe where everything is filled in by natural patterns that combine and repeat themselves, constituting an increasing complexity. However, its fundamental essence can be reduced to simplicity. This vision of a fractal cosmos using the same standard images in order to define everything that exists, contributing with its aesthetic qualities, balance and symmetry, are an inspiration for artists, mathematicians, philosophers and physicists.

Most of fractals have a natural origin or can also be artificial, just like this 'Heart of Mandelbrot' generated by computer through informatics and mathematical algorithms. The random fractals, can display various and adorable pictures, recreating a range of exotic images, consisting of a set of shapes and colors with excellent harmony that reveal all the art of this geometry which is simply lovely. The seduction by fractal geometry has conquered not only the hearts of scientists and artists but writers as well. To paraphrase Fernando Pessoa: "The Mandelbrot set is as beautiful as the Venus of Milo.”.

The reference to all these natural or artificial objects is that they can be considered as systems, in the sense that can be formed by many distinct parts, while separate but interconnected, describing and revealing a common feature called fractal dimension, defining a rule of articulation and a generalized pattern always present in all fractional sizes. In both cases, in this


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geometry there is an intimate relationship with Nature, with Physics, but mainly with Mathematics.

Literary Concept:

“Reduce to silence the outside world so that the inner world can bring you the vision.”

NEALE DONALD WALSCH

“If you do not go through the inside, you will be on the outside.” NEALE DONALD WALSCH

“At every instant we must sacrifice what we are to what we may become.” CHARLES BOS

“Acting is a continuous creation.”

EDMOND JALOUX

“Your life is your work of art.” SHAKTI GAWAIN

“If you ever happen having to change yourself to please others, certainly it is

because you have lost your life project.” EPICTETO

“Do what you believe and believe in what you are doing.”

ANONYMOUS

“He who knows others is a wise man; He who knows himself is enlightened.”

LAO TSÉ

“True knowledge comes from within.” SOCRATES

“Nobody can conceive a thing so well and make its own creation when it is learned from another,

instead of inventing itself.” RENÉ DESCARTES

“What lies behind us and what lies in front of us

are small things when compared to what lies within us.” RALPH EMERSON

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SnowFlake

Von Koch

Artistic Concept: Oil 7 – SnowFlake


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Scientific Concept:

A journey through ever-smaller scales shows us the increasing complexity of continuous reproduction of triangles from a single central equilateral triangle and where it overlaps with this triangle, another one in the same way and in the same area but in a position inverted, thus obtaining a six-pointed star. Each of these points is a new equilateral triangle, and again it is repeated the same method we used on the original triangle. We will obtain a continuous range of split ends again divided in new smaller triangles and so on, continuing indefinitely this building process up to infinity. Only the change of scale may reveal the existence of this hidden order of repetitive patterns, consisting of smaller and smaller triangles, nearly invisible, imperceptible at first glance.

Helge von Koch was a Swedish mathematician, who gave his name to this geometrical fractal, becoming known as 'Koch Snowflake' or simply as 'Koch Curve'. In this work he intended to bring together methods of elementary geometry and related them with the theory of curves. In this new model of scientific invention, the imagination plays a key role, contradicting the imperturbable calm of scientific logic. Being fractal geometry the branch of mathematics that studies the properties and behavior of fractals, this new geometry was able to describe many situations that could not easily be explained by classical geometry, such as the attempt to measure the size of an object through the settings based on traditional Euclidean Geometry.

Certain fractals, formerly known as 'monster curve', define geometric objects that can be subdivided into parts and each one of which always has similarities to the original object, composing scales with endless details, presenting default patterns repeatedly. In this particular case, if we apply the classical functional relationship between variables Perimeter and Area to the Koch's Snowflake, we note that although the area of the Von Koch Snowflake is finite, the perimeter, however, is infinite!

Literary Concept:

“I feel I am born every moment to the eternal newness of the world.” FERNANDO PESSOA

“Take the spirit of my spirit to the future.”

- „When Nietzsche wept‟ - IRVIN YALOM

“Projecting time in Eternity.”

ELIADE

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“I may not rise to great heights, but I will climb alone.”

CYRANO DE BERGERAC

“The impossible also happens. It only takes a little longer.” ALDINA ROCHA

“Chance favors only the prepared spirits.”

LOUIS PASTEUR

“Start by doing what is necessary, then what is possible; and suddenly, you'll be doing the impossible.”

S. FRANCISCO DE ASSIS

“Hope is the dream of the waking man.” ARISTOTLE

“The finest qualities become useless when the power of character and

personality does not sustain them.” THÉOPHILE GAUTIER

“A warrior knows that the ends do not justify the means.

Because there are no ends; there are only the means.” - „Manual of the Warrior of light‟ -

PAULO COELHO

“Seek not to hide anything; time sees, hear and reveals everything.”

SOPHOCLES

“And do not forget who you are, at the time you find yourself surrounded by what you are not.”

N. D. WALSCH

“It's good to have an end to the journey, but in the end, it is the journey that counts.”

URSULA LE GUIN

“The objective is the path itself.” STEFAN KLEIN

“ The way of life is doing and being at all moments.”

LAO-TSÉ


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Horse Nebula

Kandinsky

Artistic Concept: Oil 8 – Horse Nebula

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Scientific Concept: For many years astronomers longed for a space observatory, a privileged

place of observation which allowed eliminating the effects of atmospheric distortion and greatly improve our knowledge and vision of the sky, making it clearly our perception of the Universe.

Hard to observe directly through a telescope, the Horse nebula was only finally revealed by the Hubble Space Telescope in 1993, where for the first time, the image of this nebula was announced and captured with a high degree of resolution. The Horse Nebula is located in the constellation of Orion at a distance of about 1500 light-years from earth and emerges as a huge cloud of dust and gas in space, which is shaped like a head of a horse. This nebula contains a pallet of colors, such as: pink, violet and ruby, whose composition of dust and gas is ionized and 'turned on' by other nearby stars that light up and show this tone of red colors, purple and carmin.

Not being a constellation itself, since this dark nebula contains no stars of their own, what establishing the brightness contours of this gas cloud is the coming light from other surrounding environment, such as those emitted by other nebulae, in where young stars bring their light and energy, giving shape and definition to this interstellar cloud. This source of ultraviolet radiation is sufficient to obtain the low ionization energy required to excite the hydrogen molecules, majority constitution of this dark and lonely nebula.

An example on how the particles of the Micro-cosmos come together to transmit us an image of the Macro-cosmos...

The image of the horse nebula reminds an abstract painting and could have been the subject of painting to one of the pioneers of modern art and reputedly recognized as the first painter of abstract art.

Transforming paint into art. Wassily Kandinsky's style evolved slowly, starting in a figurative work and evolving into a more simplified form, culminating in sketches increasingly abstract until it reaches the absolute and pure abstraction. His imagination led him to a pictorial freedom sustained by the strength of color and an inner need that excluded the pretext of the object in the painting.

With a complex personality, reserved, but with an amazing style, Wassily Kandinsky has cultivated a more intellectual approach to art than instinctive one, supported by a strong development of a written theory. In the texts and treatises he wrote, transcribes a strong physical sensitivity to color. One response and reaction to colors so deep that allowed this artist actually to feel the color, as if he could hear and see it in a unique way. A phenomenon that allows the mind reaches a stage of a very different appreciation of painting, an hypersensitivity to image known as synesthesia.


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Literary Concept:

“Sometimes I would like to be completely alone in the world, away from the whole world, perhaps even his enemy... out of the society ... ... absolute

loneliness! No one understands me, I ... FEEL, THINK, DREAM, I always want different things from all the other.”

WASSILY KANDINSKY

“The strongest is most powerful when it is alone.” SCHILLER

“To live alone, it is necessary to be either an animal or a god.” NIETZSCHE

„Living in hiding or out of sight is to live happily. The crowd does not

recognize this beauty ... In spirit, I am where I want to be.‟ C. P. FOURNIER

“My kingdom is not of this world.” JOÃO DE MELO

“A very intelligent man, completely alone, is able to have fun with his nicely

thoughts (...) while an obtuse man get bored (...) A good character, moderate and peaceful, can be satisfied even in situations of extreme scarcity.

But a bad character, greedy and envious, is not satisfied even with all the possible wealth. How many are the superfluous and tedious pleasures, to anyone

who can enjoy at any time of an unusual individuality.” SCHOPENHAUER

“I wish to be alone.” GRETA GARBO

„I love the silence.‟ C. P. FOURNIER

“What we do grandiose must be done in silence.”

ERICK GEIJER

“The further progresses of the spirit are accomplished in silence, at those times when nothing else disturbs us.”

GLAUCIAS

“Loneliness is not being alone, is to be empty.” SENECA

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Little Sequence

Fibonacci

Artistic Concept: Oil 9 – Little Sequence


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Scientific Concept: At first glance it may seem a bit incredible to believe, but the

mathematical numbers of Fibonacci sequence can be seen in many numerical patterns in Nature. For example, this progression appears prominently in an arrangement of leaves and stems of a plant. As we observe the growth of a vulgar plant, first there is the birth of a unique stem, afterwards it happens the division of the original stem in two, in which each branch will always give rise to another ramification. We assist then to a division of secondary stems, which, in their turn, will branch out into tertiary stems, which again are subdivided simultaneously on other smaller stems and smaller branches, and so on. Therefore, it is possible to verify that exists a growing movement, vertical and rotational, center in the development and disposition of branches and leaves of the plant, that it is in accordance to the numbering of the Fibonacci sequence.

Likewise, also the number of petals of different flowers obey to this golden standard: an iris ( f: Iridaceae ) has three petals, a spring ( g: Mirabilis ) five petals, an anemone ( family: Ranunculaceae) eight petals, a ragwort ( g: Jacobaea ) thirteen petals; a daisy (genus: Bellis ) thirty-four petals, and an autumn-daisy or sun-flower (g: Helianthus ) fifty-five or eighty-nine petals.

The succession of Leonardo of Pisa (known as Fibonacci), is presented as a sublime and subtle symphony of the natural world. This large floral ornament is present in sunflowers; can be seen in the distribution of the petals of a rose; at the population growth of animals; and can still be found in musical scales. All Fibonacci numbers! In many ways it is possible to verify this numerical pattern: 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144… which shows a wonderful parallel between Numbers and Nature.

Faced with a number so fascinating, the succession of Leonardo Fibonacci, introduced in the year 1200, could not fail to surprise us once again. It is because, this succession is also linked to the number of gold. The ratio of two consecutive Fibonacci numbers reveals itself as an intriguing result which tends to approach the number fi = φ = 1,618 … the golden number! A proven match: studying the quotient of two consecutive terms of the succession F(n+1)/F(n), we can see that this result, the golden ratio, converges rapidly to fi ( φ )!

“It is the Fibonacci sequence - she continued,

pointing to the piece of paper that Fache was still holding.- A progression in which each term is the sum of the two that precede.”

- „The Da Vinci Code‟ – DAN BROWN

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Literary Concept:

“The zen painting does not seek to faithfully reproduce reality but rather capture its transitory essence (...)

A well painted branch will make you listen to the wind.” ZEN BUDISM

“Contemplation is the highest form of activity.” ARISTOTLE

“The poet only wants to stick his head in the heavens. It is the logical that demands to put the heavens on his head. And it's his head that gets divided.”

G. K. CHESTERSON

“Do not hurry, do not worry, you're only here for a brief visit. So do not forget to stop and smell the flowers.”

WALTER HAGAN

“Over many years and at great expense, I traveled to many countries, saw high mountains, oceans ... The only thing I didn't saw was the bright

drop of dew on the grass, right in front of my door.” RABIN TAGORE

“The profound simplicity is much more impressive than the deep complexity.”

JOHN BARROW

“As we understand things better, everything becomes simpler.” EDWARD TELLER

“The main aim of science is simplicity.” EDWARD TELLER

“If the Universe is a universe of thought, then its creation must have been an act of thought.”

SIR JAMES JEANS

“If a contemplative spirit lies in the water, it will not attempt to swim. He will first seek to understand the water and will drown.”

HENRI MICHAUX

„Do not miss the poetry of life.‟ C. P. FOURNIER

“Who has enough on the inside, less will need from the outside.”

JOHANN GOETHE


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North Star

Galileu

Artistic Concept: Oil 10 – North Star

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Scientific Concept: Probably the most important star in the night sky is a little star of

reduced magnitude, which is part of the constellation Ursa Minor. This constellation, visible in the Northern Celestial Hemisphere, date to antiquity and is thought to have been introduced by the Greek philosopher Thales, around the year 600 BC. Ever since Man has extended its territorial boundaries venturing out into the exploration and conquest of the seas and oceans that this star has become a crucial and essential guide for mankind, once it became an orientation star. It is called North Star, Polar Star, or simply in its latin name, Polaris. A small star that almost goes unnoticed, were it not a peculiar feature that distinguishes it from all others ... is that the Polar is the only star that always seems to remain fixed in the sky, motionless in space, immutable in its location in the sky. Throughout the night and over the seasons we can look to the sky and count to find the location of this star exactly at the same place, at the tail of Ursa Minor.

Unlike the sun and all the other stars, our perception towards these stars is that they perform a translation movement in the sky, rising in the east and setting in the west. But this relative motion, stars moving in the heavens, is nothing but an illusion caused by the rotation of the Earth.

« De Revolucionibus » was the first work in the XV century which presented a new idea, proposing that a rotation movement and revolution of the planets would justify this apparent motion of the Sun. The Copernican Heliocentric system put the sun at the center of the solar system, replacing the Geocentric system of Ptolemy. However, at the time, this new idea did not attract many new astronomers. The Copernican revolution was reflected only much later in time. In 1597 Galileo informs Kepler, through a personal letter that he had evidence that proved the Heliocentric theory. However, he chose not to make them public immediately, without first gathering the necessary evidence that could final sustain in a incontestable way his arguments. With the help of a new instrument, the lunette, Galileo pointed it at the heavens and found out plenty of evidence against the Ptolemaic system, for example: the moons of Jupiter prove that not all heavenly bodies revolve around the earth; the phases of Venus, similar to the Moon, support the idea that this planet has a solar orbit. All these ideas are consistent with the Copernican system. But it is only in 1610 that Galileo will make the publication of all his observations and discoveries, in his work entitled «Sidereus Nuncius» - „ The Messenger of the Stars‟ -. A work more than revolutionary for its time, a truly amazing, unique and inspired work, and a true work of art! Galileo realized that his system of the world required a new way of thinking and a new way of approaching the study of Nature. There


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are moments in history when old ideas have to be considered in the light of new evidence. Among the developments that he had presented, these seriously questioned the Aristotelian physics of the church. Therefore, only much later, is that Galileo will become recognized as the founder of Modern Physics.

In 1616 his work was denounced to the Roman Catholic Church, which condemns their heliocentric theories, notifying Galileo to no longer publicly defend or teach the Copernican model. His ideas were strongly attacked, arguing that these were nothing but an illusion created by the telescope lens that distorts reality. But the harassment continues and a trial is inevitable. At 21 June 1633 the sentence is given in which is declared the ban of Heliocentric doctrine, because it was contrary to Holy Scripture! Consecutively, his work is included in the Index of Forbidden Books and Galileo was forced to sign a document that had forsworn his own work and is condemned to exile. But Galileo never truly abandoned his theory...

Literary Concept:

“I believe that philosophers fly like the eagles and not as the crows.” GALILEU GALILEI

“A deep man needs friends; If all else fails, there will be the gods; But I have no friends or Gods.”

- „When Nietzsche wept‟- IRVIN YALOM

“If I get lost, I have to look at the North Star and go north. This does not mean I'm hoping to get to the North Star; My will is, only, to move in that direction.”

THICH NHAT HANH

"The genius, crime and madness come, equally, from an abnormality: they represent, in different ways, an inadaptability to the environment.”

FERNANDO PESSOA

“Try to reach the moon, if you cannot do it for a fraction of an inch, you will still see that it is very much closer than when you started.”

IRENE KASSORLA

“The philosopher who said that a perfect job does not need to be redone, never cut the foliage of a garden.”

RAY D. EMERSON

“Enthusiasm is the greatest strength of the soul. Save it, and you will always be able to achieve everything you want.”

NAPOLEON BONAPARTE

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Portals

Einstein

Artistic Concept: Oil 11 – Portals


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Scientific Concept: “- We live in a mysterious and fascinating Universe! - said Dr. Klein with

depth, and he fell to let go to the beauty of the night sky, flooded with bright stars which assist and kept watching outside the window.

- While we remain here in this isolated corner of our humble planet, we surrender in to the charms of the Universe and the wisdom of Nature. And as his faithful disciples that we are, we try at all costs, monitor and understanding the intelligence of the Universe that involves us.

If we were to be observed by Nature with consciousness, what would she say about our progress? ... Are we learning well our lesson?

Indeed a complete theory of Nature requires a great effort on the part of humans ... but people infer and think that the events are not devoid of relation and explanation, so it seems that they are on the right track ...

This is the message that we would like Nature to send us! And so they persist and go on, and still men continue in their incessant

search, tireless in their research for a theory for the Cosmos! The current purpose of science is to create a unity between all particles

and forces, including and describing them in a common equation. A Unified Theory would have the ability to give us a full understanding

of the physical events that surround us in our Universe, and even of our own existence!

A formulation of a Grand Unified Theory lists various properties of reality and Nature, merging them into a single equation. It fields of application would be universal and we will not have to change the theory or the equation to address different problems.

Such an elegant theory would be a genuine work of art! Only a few great thinkers, guided by a very deep understanding, put the

fundamental problem of the structure of the Universe in the center of their thought. And with that in mind, they want to know everything. Those are the real looters of knowledge.”.

- ‘The Travel in Time - 21 Solutions for 21 Questions of the XXI century Physics’ – Vol. I - C. P. Fournier.

Among these great thinkers there is, of course, a unique character that

almost needs no introduction, and an exception in the History of Science...

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Life is not always presented in front of us with a smile. For the young Albert Einstein was far from clear that this would be regarded as the greatest physicist of all time in human history since Isaac Newton. In fact, it can be said that Einstein's early development was relatively slow. Was slow to begin speaking, reading and learning. Nothing would predict that this young man was destined to mark the birth of a new era. It seemed all, less destined to greatness. His family considered him as an absent-minded, but not necessarily unwise. However, teachers saw him as an arrogant, disobedient, disrespectful and snobbish. He was therefore expelled from high school, considered by his tutors that: "his attitude in class is offensive of cohesion and affect the other students.".

What is fact is that Einstein did not show any respect or sympathy for authoritarian and intimidating system instilled in schools. He complained because he "had to cram the whole classes in mind, whether we like it or not.". Alternatively, he preferred to spend long hours reading books of his choice. Technical books related with his personal preferences, which covered the work of the greatest scientists of the time, such distinguished names as: Faraday, Maxwell, Clausius, Planck and Curie. On these subjects he was deeply fascinated because in this way was allowed to focus his curious mind, leaving behind the tasks set by teachers, neglecting homework and constantly missing too many classes.

Although born in Ulm, southern Germany, the contingencies of life led their parents had to move to Milan. The engineering workshop of his father faced another bankruptcy. But Herman Einstein never lowered his arms, instead of that, he would always going to pack up and go elsewhere to start over.

When some weeks later the young Albert came home with the letter of expulsion from school, his parents were shocked. Without the diploma, the son would have no chance of joining in the better paid jobs, whether in the

military, the post office or the train railways. Even worse, his growing ambition to become a professor of physics in secondary education was in danger of not materialize, due to the fact that most of the top universities would never come to accept a high school dropout. The only exception might only be the famous Federal Institute of Technology (IFT), in a town near Zurich, Switzerland.

The institute's regulations allow the registration of any student, the only condition was to conclude the very difficult admission exam. Einstein took the plunge, but was the victim of his overconfidence. He obtained good results only in the components of physics and mathematics but had such poor results in Botany, Zoology and Modern Languages that he failed the


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exam. Later he would assume, "it was entirely my responsibility for not having prepared myself conveniently.".

He recovered his forces and prepared for a second attempt for the entrance exam and he succeed!

Einstein was pleasantly surprised with the Swiss educational system and absolutely delighted with the liberal system of education at the Polytechnic Institute. Far from the German intolerance, self-assured, he now moved in an almost frantic pace of an anxious rhythm and restless spirit that looked like he wanted to embrace the whole world and the universe. Was also at this time that he began to make the first questions about the speed of light...

After completed his studies, he had obtained a good average in IST, as such, would have every right to expect a place of teaching in this institute. However, the invitation never happened. Only later came to find out why. Unfortunately, some teachers have ensured that Einstein would never have any chance of employment, those teachers wrote letters of recommendation rather unpleasant, concerning Einstein's behavior, attitude and intellectual qualities.

To make things worse, Einstein fell in love during his training in IST by a young Serbian – Miss Mileva - whose relationship parents strongly disapproved. For this apprentice scientist, the entrance at new century show to be difficult and hopeless. In his own words: "I was suddenly abandoned by everyone, considered an outcast, overlooked and unloved.". We were in 1902, and this year represented the lowest point of his life. A student preparing his doctor degree, was rejected by every university to which he applied as a teacher. Alone and unemployed, had also heard the news that the young Mileva was pregnant. Without an alternative, he accepts temporary jobs, considering the chance to become a salesman for living.

When his father died, Einstein expressed in depressed letters he felt ashamed that he died thinking that his son was a loser. However, towards the end of the year, the fortune of this 'failed' young man would begin to change.

A friend got him a job in the Office of Patent Registration in Switzerland. This new job allowed Einstein to analyze the content of all these new patents, new ideas and recent discoveries. Then, in his own desk, used to spend hours on end thinking and reflecting about physics problems that always intrigued him. He liked the work, and remained there for seven years. It was under this background that he built his most fundamental ideas.

Having become a naturalized Swiss and early renouncing German nationalization in order to avoid military service, interestingly, the key event occurs in 1905 when a german physics journal, entitled Annals of Physics (Annalen der Physik) leads to some articles written by a young swiss

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bureaucrat without university affiliations or access to any laboratory, whose source of bibliographical references was limited to one register of patents, and where they are presented and developed some trials that would be considered, at least, among the major advances of the entire history of physics.

The contribution of these articles for the magazine began as early as 1900, soon after his formation at the IST, but their three 'thesis' of 1905 revealed an astonishing explosion of creativity and would become an unprecedented revelation!

The discoveries he had presented were outlined and written during a very short time. A frenzy of four months, a constant unfolding of new ideas now clearly consolidated, which he had to confide in a letter to his personal friend and fellow philosopher, Conrad Habicht, in a historic letter:

The first article referred to the Photoelectric Effect, based on Planck's quantum theory, analyzing and associating the behavior of light with the electrons, and this discovery allowed clarifying the nature of light;

The second article studied the behavior of small particles floating in a liquid, a behavior that became known as Brownian Motion and an experimental proof that atoms really exist;

The third article outlined a specific theory of Restrict Relativity... If for its first article Einstein was awarded with the Nobel Prize, by the

second article was established a revolution in the mentality and concept of the atomic structure of matter. For its third article, let's say, this simply changed the world and the way we view the Universe! The article was entitled "On the Electrodynamics of the Moving Bodies" and was one of the most extraordinary scientific papers ever published, both in the way of what was presented as for what it contained. It did not include footnotes or citations, the mathematical content was virtually nonexistent, made no reference to any work that could have influenced or that had preceded it, and mentioned only a thank note for just a single person, a colleague of patenting. According to these descriptions seem that Einstein had reached his conclusions by pure logical reasoning, without any help of any kind and without any opinions of others. And the amazing thing is, that was exactly what happened. Einstein has always worked alone!

What was the secret of this genius? Perhaps a simple explanation consists in his ability to think in terms of physical images. Einstein not only thought in terms of Physics but fit these concepts and processes in the form of images. Once again, his initial theory did not include any mathematical concepts. Even his famous formula E = m.c2 would only be presented in a later article. In the opinion of this scientist, a physical theory that could not be explained to a child, would probably be useless. The essence of a theory


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must necessarily be captured by a physical image. Thus, he was against pure mathematical concepts, expressing his opinion that many physicists were lost in a mathematical tangle that leads nowhere. Sometime later, Einstein would comment that: "Since the mathematicians have grabbed my theory of Relativity that even I no longer understand it.". The importance of mathematics to Einstein would only come much later.

Forever fascinated by his theories of field, it was this new concept that allowed him to broaden his horizons and stimulate his mind. He wrote then: "We have a new concept in Physics, probably the most important since the time of Newton: the 'field'. It required great scientific imagination to realize that what is essential for the description of physical phenomena are not the charges or particles, but the field located in the space between the particles and charges.".

This new concept was a conceptual leap for the epoch and marked a break rupture with the theories of traditional thinkers. A visual imagination that allowed him to challenge conventional knowledge and support his own theory. With this new vision, Physics would be destined to get through a new era and a new revolution.

Completed and published his work, he now waited for reactions, opinions and criticisms... but nothing... nothing at all. No reference or comment to his work has appeared! Just a cold and unforgivable silence. Usually, physicists do not pay much attention to unknown scientists, much less the discoveries made by employees of Swiss Patents. Despite their important content and useful information, the Einstein's papers have not caused great interest. Well, actually, this aspiring scientist had been limited to trying to solve just a few of the deepest problems of physics and the greatest mysteries of the Universe considered until then!! But apparently, it seems that scientists do not feel particularly attracted to new ideas when they prove to be too much unique and original.

We are not sure what would have gone through his thought but it was far from giving up. He returned to its patent office and continued to think.

Einstein hoped that this series of essays published in a reputable magazine get him out of obscurity. Being a single patent examiner of the third category, Einstein longed for some academic recognition. A qualification dissertation which at his own eyes would be considered as his own doctoral thesis, and so he dreamed that this effort was rewarded and that any opportunity for an academic post at a university should arise.

Although he had never lost faith in his work, he wasn't counting on this public reaction. It seemed that no one had read or given any importance to his articles. These remained in complete darkness! That was what it looked like ... but, in fact, it was not quite so. The Einstein's papers have not gone

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completely unnoticed. The truth is that a small but respectable group of physicists immediately leaned on their articles. Among them was one that would become his most important admirer. So, a few months later, the first contact finally came, and arrived from Max Planck, the greatest theoretical physicist of the time and perhaps the only person who could have understood the importance of that content and achieved the full size and dimension of such a theory.

It must be remembered that with the discoveries made in the XVIII century by Isaac Newton, thought that the main foundations of classical physics had already been established. And that all developments elapsed in the XIX century would be only continuous development of those same principles. Then an English experimentalist Michael Faraday, would discover alone the properties of electric and magnetic fields. Added to the great importance of mechanics in physics, was then associated another major area: the (s) Field (s). At the beginning of the XX century it would be said once again that there would be nothing much to be discovered in physics. In the words of Lord Kelvin: "Currently, there is nothing new to be discovered in physics. (...) What is left is a more accurate measurement.". Given these conditions, constraints and thought of the time, Max Planck would have been for some time undecided whether he would engage in physics or in mathematics. However, he opted for Physics.

After examining in detail the articles of Einstein, relativity was what caught their attention more. So, after it was published, Planck would give his first class on relativity at the University of Berlin. Having been, therefore, the first physician to expand and divulge the Einstein Theory. In 1906, Planck had even written an article that presented arguments in favor of this theory, in particular, because it was based on the principle of minimum action. Planck's articles not only helped to develop the theory of relativity, but also helped to legitimize it among theoretical physicists.

The now proud patent examiner would soon exchange letters with the eminent professor. In these letters, Planck had mentioned that he hoped to go to Bern the following year to personally meet Professor Einstein. Planck ended up not being able to go to Bern but sent his chief assistant, Max Laue. When Laue was preparing to visit Einstein in the summer of 1907, he was doubly surprised to find that Einstein did not work at the University of Bern, but instead, 'professor' Einstein was working at a patent office in the third floor of Posts and Telegraphs building. When he reached the building, crossed by chance with Einstein, but ignored it.

He never expected that that simple boy was the father of the Theory of Relativity. After some time, Einstein would go again to the reception and seemed to be looking for someone. But there was no one else in the hall,


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only then they realized who was who. In fact, Laue would be so unexpectedly impressed with the domain knowledge that Einstein had, but would be even more surprised to know that Einstein spent eight hours a day, six days a week, sitting at a desk of the patent office, to meet his schedule work.

Walking like a lonely genius, far from the influences of academic colleagues and their theories, in a glorious isolation, which may have had a few disadvantages but certainly had bring its advantages for his own investigations. Just maybe under these circumstances could have emerged the most revolutionary theory of all time.

However, all the interest shown to the public by Laue and Planck about Einstein's papers - regarding them as important discoveries and relevant developments to the XX century - had not brought him the immediately due recognition and those much-desired job vacancies in a university. Even though, history is replete with stories. And all will come… in time.

The world would only come to know and rediscover this scientist in 1919. Immediately came the idea that his theories of relativity might be too abstract and impossible to be understood by ordinary mortals. Nevertheless, the „New York Times‟ decided to publish an article on the subject, but casualty or fate, coincidence or not, a sports journalist was sent to formalize the interview. Needless to say that this interviewer was completely out of his domain, and therefore could not understand almost nothing of the information that pointed in his report. Citing unreal sentences and adding information, for example, that Einstein would have found a publisher decided to invest in the publication of a book that only a dozen men in the world could understand. There was no such book, nor this editor. But the idea remain and Einstein became the most popular and famous physicist in history.

With his pipe, an air of modest genius and hair in the air, Einstein would refer a few years later, in 1922, after winning the Nobel Prize for the photoelectric effect, that this discovery would have been: "My only revolutionary contribution!". Unfortunately, even after being presented experimental evidence - what is now known as one of the greatest geniuses in human history, internationally recognized and associated to the Theory of Relativity -, the truth is that Einstein would never be presented with the Nobel Prize of Physics for his formulation of the General Theory of Relativity!

Often we read that Einstein wasted the second half of his life, that he did not produce anything interesting or original. Once revealed a theory as important as the theory of relativity, anything that might succeed it could not be of a smaller feature or lower quality.

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There is no greater desire for a genius than to finish his work. But we can imagine the great pressure that he was subject, by failing to finish on time the details of his Final Theory. But maybe we had not understood the message that he intended to convey to us ... and still did not know how: “We can look at the matter as the regions of space where the field is extremely strong (...) the field is the only reality.” – Albert Einstein – 1938.

The concept of Relativity has brought us a new designation for a time that does not have an immutable and absolute standard, and a unique description for a four-dimensional space-time field defined by purely abstract terms. This field contains all the possible perspectives of all observers as aspects of truth, and in this, the different individual perspectives contribute to a description of the whole abstract and complex vision of everything. Only in a privileged perspective it is possible to have a divine vision of this set.

Literary Concept:

“I have no special talent. I'm just extremely curious.”

ALBERT EINSTEIN

„There are no brilliant minds.

There are only dedicated and passionate minds.‟ C. P. FOURNIER

"Imagination is more important than knowledge (...)

Knowledge will come, but wisdom will delay to arrive.” ALBERT EINSTEIN

“I do not know why everyone loves me

if no one understands my ideas.” ALBERT EINSTEIN

“The paint is made with the brain and not with the hands.”

MICHELANGELO

“Talent is a title of responsibility.”

CHARLES DE GAULLE


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“I think ninety-nine times and find out nothing. I stop thinking, dive in deep silence ...

and then is when the truth reveals itself.” ALBERT EINSTEIN

“I hear and forget;

I see and remember; I do and I understand.”

CONFUCIUS

“When the soul is ready,

the teacher appears.” AXIOM

“You cannot achieve it by the use of thought.

You cannot seek it by the non-use of thought.” ZEN BUDISM

“Never walk on the path which is already marked, because it only leads you where others have went.”

ALEXANDRE BELL

“The true sign of intelligence doesn‟t come from knowledge;

The true source is imagination.” ALBERT EINSTEIN

“The most beautiful thing we can experience is the mysterious.

This is the source of all art and true science.” ALBERT EINSTEIN

“The mind that opens to a new idea will never return to its original size.”

ALBERT EINSTEIN

“The creative personality should think and judge for itself.”

ALBERT EINSTEIN

“The secret to creativity consists on knowing how to hide your sources.”

ALBERT EINSTEIN

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“Sad epoch! It is easier to disintegrate an atom than a prejudice.”

ALBERT EINSTEIN

“God does not play dice with the Universe.”

ALBERT EINSTEIN

“It's a miracle that curiosity survives formal education.”

ALBERT EINSTEIN

“Two things are infinite:

The universe and human stupidity. But with regard to the Universe I do not have absolute certainty.”

ALBERT EINSTEIN

“The only source of knowledge is experience.”

ALBERT EINSTEIN

“The first duty of intelligence is suspect herself.”

ALBERT EINSTEIN

“It is the theory which decides what we can observe.”

ALBERT EINSTEIN

“Focus on knowing and not on believing.”

ALBERT EINSTEIN

“Imagination is more important than science.

Because science is limited, whereas imagination involves the entire Universe.”

ALBERT EINSTEIN

“There are two ways to live our life: One is believing that there are no miracles;

The other one is believing that everything is a miracle.” ALBERT EINSTEIN


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SERIE

II

GENUINE INSPIRATION

“I burn as a sacred fire when I think of them and feel that I will never get tire of repeating them again.”

- Johannes Kepler -

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An Introduction: As with any enigma of science the role of the researcher is essential. The

resolution of a problem by the researcher is only possible if he has an idea minimally clear of the order he expects to find while he observes reality. The Theory it is only possible if there is an order of ideas previously formulated. Without this model, the isolated information is of no further significance. Thus mean, for any other observer all this information is nothing more than an encyclopedia of facts. As a result, although available and within reach of any observer's mind, they are not able to identify any relationship or connection.

Acknowledge, knowing and understanding are very different concepts. There is a large difference between the printed book, the book read, and the book understood. Making use of the words of Henri Poincare: "A lot of bricks is not a house.”.

Deduction and induction are important methodologies, and used as ways of thinking about science.

The logical implications of the deductive method, which depart from the general to the particular knowledge, are continuously transforming science, appealing for constant improvement and deeply transforming the knowledge until the last detail. This method is part of a logical descending connection or relation between arguments, based on reasoning, applied to a Primordial Law which is considered true (Axiom) and from it, unfold other implications (demonstrations and deductions).

However, the deduction itself is a method that only serves to ensure the accuracy of the logical path followed by the thought, but is not, besides that, a form which allows to give additional knowledge. In fact, this way of thinking is not very productive and leads to limited results and almost sterile information, since we can consider that the laws demonstrated are merely repetitive and are only particular applications of the general idea, since all the data shown is already implicitly contained.

On the other side the inductive method will be more productive, moreover it provides a reflection on science. Induction is a way of thinking with more capacity and potential to develop the field of knowledge.

The inductive scientific research makes use of the whole cognitive structure of the brain, considering all different information previous assimilated. This method, which departs from the particular to the general, stimulates further discoveries, provides new information, opens new paths in science and discovers unpredictable directions in the branch of knowledge.

In the inductive scientific method the connection is ascendant, whose structure is based on the following assumptions: 1– observation of the

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phenomenon; 2– discovery of the relationship between several phenomena; 3– generalization and framework of this phenomenon and its relation to a law already known, or, formulation of a new fundamental law .

The induction – on the opposite of deduction - does not only progresses under the relationship between ideas and theoretical knowledge, but believes that knowledge should be based on experience and on direct observation of events and facts of reality; not interpreting or accepting the pre-established dogmas as undefeatable, arguing that the test proof of all forms of knowledge lies in experience.

The true scientific Theory often relays and confuses, consciously or unconsciously, on all these concepts and methods.

Epistemology, derived from a Greek word (epistémé for science and logos for speech), and it is defined as the study of wisdom and a reflection on the theory of knowledge.

Epistemology is necessarily an interdisciplinary science with flexible guidelines. Within limits, the theorist or scientist can invent and introduce a new word, or slightly modify a concept, in order to use it and adapt it as the best argument for the defense of his idea, his hypothesis, or theory created. In his tools can then be included Metaphysics itself.

The term Metaphysics also comes from the Greek ( meta for after or beyond and phusiké for Physics or Nature), for this reason, this form of pursuit of knowledge should not be considered as a non-science. If, in fact, the word metaphysical means 'beyond the physical, or material‟, then, this form of understanding focuses on the plan of what is not immediately available as a material experience, as such, aims to achieve the level of abstraction, thus, it can also be considered as a Science of Imagination.

Metaphysics is intangible, untouchable and immaterial, it only exists in the world of ideas and of the abstract. This is not a discipline that seeks knowledge in itself, but rather the understanding of knowledge. Metaphysics proposes a speech that rises beyond all possible experience and therefore cannot be linked to any concrete material experience.

Metaphysics consists in a new language of knowledge, and this is developed neglecting the connection to the empirical world, the demands of understanding, and the awareness of meaning assigned by the conscience of men. All metaphysical science is elaborated from the idea, where thought is the only privileged act and truly free. Although the concept of real is not its subject of study, it is also not a transcendent form of knowledge. Our brain, unlike a computer, acts in freedom, makes use of the option, choice, imagination and intuition. These are mind concepts which no scientific deduction will be able to program. In the limit of Physics there is a frontier with Metaphysics.


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However, throughout this path there is always a priority: what the researcher is always constantly looking for are the decisive facts for the confirmation, or denial, of his theory. The sacred dogma of the scientific method is the search for truth.

« (…) To the real ones, the truly unique thinkers, to the educated men of

ardent imagination. The latest ones - our Keplers, our Laplaces - speculate, theorize; these are the terms. (…) The Kepler, I repeat, speculate, theorize and their theories are only corrected, clean, amended, little by little, of their inconsistency layer until, finally, emerges an unbreakable consistency, a consistency that even the most stubborn and obstinate of man admits, because it is a consistency, as being an absolute and unquestionable truth.

I often think, my friend, that these dogmatic of a thousand years ago would be amazed to determine for which of its two famous roads (...) guided humanity for those important and innumerable truths (...) in particular, these intolerants would have felt some difficulty in determining which of their two roads was achieve the most momentous and sublime of all truths - the truth, the fact, of Gravitation.

Newton deduced it from Kepler's Laws. This admitted that he had intuited these laws - those laws whose investigation revealed to the greatest of British astronomers that principle, the most fundamental of all physical principles (existed) behind which we enter the hitherto nebulous kingdom of Metaphysics.

Yes! These vital laws were intuited by Kepler, that is, he imagined them. If he was asked to indicate which of the ways, the deductive or inductive, came to them, his response might have been: „I do not know anything about the ways, but I do know the Mechanics of the Universe. Here it is. I caught it with my soul, I came to it through intuition'.

Ah! These poor ignorant. Maybe some of these metaphysicians could have told him that what he called 'intuition' was just the conviction resulting from deductions or inductions, whose process was so nebulous that would have escaped the consciousness mind, deluded reason, or challenging their self-expression and understanding. Too bad that no 'moral philosopher' had enlightened him about all this!

(…) Yes, Kepler was essentially a theoretician. But this title now of so much sanctity, was, in those days, a designation of supreme contempt. It is only now that men begin to appreciate this divine ancient man (…) ».

EDGAR ALLAN POE – Eureka –

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Zen

Rothko

Artistic Concept: Oil 12 – Zen


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Scientific Concept:

The Taoist teachings are rich in paradoxes, perhaps the most celebrated is the one of Chuang Tzu and the 'Butterfly Dream'. These tales describe the wise man as someone humble, condescending, spontaneous and free. Taoism emphasize the interdependence of opposite concepts, duality and complementarity of yin and yang, masculine and feminine, light and shadow, movement and quietness... This Chinese symbol, the Tao, represents the Way, the essence of knowledge and wisdom; is the mysterious order of Heaven and Earth; Being and Nothingness; the Void and Full ... The fundamental reality is based on the interdependence of the opposite terms, of its opposition and combination, of qualitative and quantitative knowledge, in which, without the understanding of one is not possible to understand the other. In Taoist philosophy neither is more important than the other, in fact, neither can exist without the other, since they complement each other.

On the convergence of the mystical traditions and modern science we can see that there are many coincidences and many common views about the fundamental fact that underlies us, in which it is assumed a common perspective between religion and science. There should always be a spiritual component in science, because if science is to declare that the mathematical world is the only reality, then, implicitly puts into question the value of any spiritual reality.

In fact, scientific theories are shaped not only by our perception of the outside world but also by the aesthetic sensibilities and personal insights of the scientist himself, such as mathematical beauty, the elegance of a formula or a theory, its simplicity and consistency. The ultimate goal of science is not only perceive the outside world through the senses, but to build a model of order and harmony, complete and comprehensive, which absorbs the world and the Universe and that fits perfectly into a connection between the facts perceived, the mind of a scientist, and Reality. It can be difficult to find such a fundamental formula, a generalized response... but the fact is, there can‟t be any formulas. Describing the evolution and structure of the fundamental laws of Nature and physical reality is only possible through a common language, accurate, and free of errors and ambiguities. The equations that describe physical processes are based on a single language. This language is Mathematics, only with it we are able to organize and configure a variety of variables and encompass them into a whole, using equations. The apparent simplicity of an equation can translate and predict the astonishing complexity and harmony of an organized Nature. All Nature obeys to a rational and logical sense, and we humans collude with it, since we were granted the same property of rationality.

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Literary Concept:

“What is amazing is not the complexity of the world, but instead, that this world can be understandable.”

ALBERT EINSTEIN

“The same true way as the mystic, the scientist also follows a light ... and it does not attend to be a false or inferior light.”

ARTHUR EDDINGTON

“While the head is lost in continuous enchainment of logic and pros and cons, intuition has long made its decision.”

STEFAN KLEIN

“No major scientific development have been possible without the inspiration and intuitive analysis.”

THOMAS MCFARLANE

“There is no logical path to the discovery of the laws of the Universe. The only way is the intuition.”

ALBERT EINSTEIN

“The great mind is something to express, and not something to understand. A great mind is something you have, not something you look for.”

SHUNRYU SUZUKI

“Be a man and don't follow me, but thee! Only you!” GOETHE

“Do what you can with what you have, wherever you are.” THEODORE ROOSEVELT

“Live in harmony with the laws of Nature and you will never be poor.” SENECA

“When you trust in yourself, you will know how to live.” GOETHE

“Being calm is correct. Start correctly and you will stay calm. Remain calm and you are correct. The correct way to be calm is to forget the correct way.

Is forget that the path is calm.” CHUANG-TZU

“Zen is your quotidian thought.”

CHAO-CHOU


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The Code of the Universe

Fournier

Artistic Concept: Oil 13 – The Code of the Universe

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Scientific Concept: The concept of imagination is usually restricted to respect the mental

capacity of an individual to create, relate, or build up ideas. This process developed is known as creativity, whose term is derived from the Latin 'imaginatio', a word that symbolizes the artistic and intellectual capacity.

In a sense, this creative force is a mental process of representation of things that are not immediately perceived by our conscientious senses. The designer of imagination had to travel a long journey of inspiration in which he related several variables to be able to reach and create its conclusion imagined. Although in this whole process the concept of imagination and inspiration can be confused, quite simply, the imagination is conscious while the inspiration is unconscious.

According to the theory of Eduardo Punset, this neuroscientist describes the process of creativity in a particular and interesting way: In general, people follow other people just because there are many people going in that direction. However, a creative person decides to be independent. For example, if a creative person sees that everyone is moving the same direction, then he decides to move exactly the opposite way, not accepting the majority as the correct direction.

The creator thinks: 'I have my own idea and maybe my idea is better'. A creative person thinks in a different way from the typical or common people, although this attitude sometimes entails its consequences.

You must know that when we have a creative idea, a new idea, others will not accept it easily. In a way, it is necessary and even essential to apply some effort to try to demonstrate that our idea is valid and that it may bring some advantage. In practice, the creator is simply trying to convince others that his idea may be, perhaps, a better idea. So, the author of a new idea develops all the necessary skills so that his new idea is not immediately rejected and neglected. Considering that, at least, a new idea deserves to be part of the discussion.

Although there only is one substantial difference, which is that the creator deeply believes in what he has created...

„The Throne is a privileged place, a place where an emperor contemplates what is of his creation

...the pyramids of his sacred kingdom.„ C. P. FOURNIER


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Literary Concept:

“ Tired of being modern. I want to be eternal.” PABLO PICASSO

“ Something is only impossible until someone doubts,

and proves the opposite.” ALBERT EINSTEIN

“ If the facts do not fit the theory, then you should change the facts.”

ALBERT EINSTEIN

“ Theoretically possible, infinitely difficult.” JOHN GRIBBIN

“ God wants, the Man dreams, and the work is born.”

FERNANDO PESSOA

“ Nothing grandiose was ever achieved without enthusiasm.” EMERSON

“ It is very important that man has ideas, without them we can't go anywhere.”

DALAI LAMA

“ Life is like a sculpture. It is a question of being capable to see what others do not see and then, latter, with a chisel, take of what surplus.”

MICHELANGELO

“ Because I'm the size of what I see, not the size of my height.”

ALBERTO CAEIRO

“ The creative process begins with a thought - idea, concept, visualization -. Nothing exists in the world without having first existed as a single thought.”

N. D. WALSCH

“ Genius is the ability to reduce what‟s complicate to something simple.”

C. W. CERAN

“ Talent is when a shooter hits a target that others cannot. Genius is when a shooter hits a target others cannot even see.”

SCHOPENHAUER

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The Labyrinth

Feynman

Artistic Concept: Oil 14 – The Labyrinth


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Scientific Concept:

The Quantum Mechanics presents us with very different concepts. Between probabilities, uncertainties, wave functions, and specially the wave-particle duality, all of that are quite radical new ideas that transform our vision of reality, capable to lead any classical and traditional physicist in to dizziness, hard to convince and to convert.

These principles capture the essence of Quantum Mechanics. Properties that normally are above any suspicion, for example, the definition of the position, speed, time and energy of a quantum object, is now seen as mere fluctuations, uncertain, undefined probabilities.

This current labyrinth where Physics is today has raised enormous constraints to the advance of this science. To quote Richard Feynman: "Nobody understands Quantum Mechanics'. Understanding the exact reason why the quantum entities such as electrons and photons have both a dual behavior - sometimes showing undulatory characteristics, sometimes behaving like particles-, would be a lighting miracle to the comprehension and understanding of this microcosmic world.

The quantum physicist advise us to accept Nature just like the way it is. However, we must not fail to fall in to this current of mystical connotation and indetermination concepts of the quantum world, judging, from the beginning, these experiences as instantly illogical and impossible to understand. Some scientists also give quantum science other descriptions, more dramatic, such as bizarre, absurd and irrational.

We should not let ourselves be seduced and surrender completely by these new concepts, without even trying to fit them into a coherent relationship.

The compromise between the concept of „wave‟ and „corpuscle‟ becomes a relationship almost impossible to assimilate and overcome, a concept incompatible with the human spirit.

However, and believing in Einstein‟s words: "God does not play dice ', so there must be a very rational explanation for this whole process.

Between the darkness and light, there really is a logical solution to exit this labyrinth...

Literary Concept:

“The pessimist complains about the wind, the optimist expects it to change, and the realist adjusts the sails!” WILLIAM GEORGE WARD

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“ From the cowardice that runs away of the new truth;

the laziness that is content with half-truths; the arrogance that thinks it knows the whole truth,

deliberare nos, save us free.” ANCIENT WISE MAN

“ And not knowing that was impossible,

he went there and did it.” JEAN COCTEAU

“ My only difference from a madman is that I'm not crazy!”

SALVADOR DALI

“ This individual is wise enough when he pretends to be crazy…” WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE

“ Ingenious people have the ability to be quiet and wait.”

BALZAC

“ There is nothing that can be called of great talent without great willpower.” HONORÉ DE BALZAC

“ I truly believe in luck.

The more I work, the luckier I seem to have.” EMERSON

“ The only place where success comes before work

is in the dictionary. Obviously.”

ALBERT EINSTEIN

“ Those who quit are in more number, than those who have failed.”

HENRY FORD

“ There was never a genius without a touch of madness.” ARISTOTLE

“ If you cannot convince them, you better confuse them.”

HARRY TRUMAN


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(Im)Perfect love

Van Gogh

Artistic Concept: Oil 15 – (Im)Perfect Love

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Scientific Concept:

Early on our genes have a supreme importance in many aspects of our lives, however, the development of a creative potential depends not only on our genes, but also the interaction with the surrounding environment. This means that the evolution of our skills and genetic capacities can be developed. In theory, the creative intelligence can be applied and developed very early, however, various social impositions can weaken and manipulate the shyest bases of a creative mind. It is the base of creativity that is at the origin of our ideas, without it, nothing new would be possible. Although the pillars of creativity are the ones responsible for all the evolution and for bringing something new ... they do not necessarily bring something good...

To try to find out what's going on in the mind of a creator, we can resort to a genius of painting: Vincent Van Gogh. Until this moment nobody could define what the state of soul of this Impressionist painter was. A bipolar mind, a mind which vacillated between depressive moments in which he suffered strange physical disorders and hallucinations, but also having moments of creative bursts.

In just eight years, Van Gogh captured with his look and transposed to the canvas hundreds of oils. Unfortunately ignored and never recognized, also the author of the masterpieces did not value his work. Throughout his lifetime he sold only one unique painting. Fate led him to suicide.

There is a stereotype that links creativity with madness. Aristotle use to say that 'there never was a genius without a touch of madness'.

Edgar Allan Poe, a writer so fortunate in its literature but inglorious in his life time and also unfortunate in his mental health, simply suffered from an eccentric creativity, considering himself that 'I've never been really insane.'.

In fact, research results confirm the association between genius and madness. Although the creations can seem like transcendent, it does not mean that creative people - or extremely intelligent -, necessarily have a mental disorder. It is always possible to have a perfect health and simply occur to us a good idea. Unfortunately, the biggest inconvenient of having a good idea lies in the tragic acceptance that may come from our peers. Fundamentally, it is the establish beliefs that easily distort common sense, completely blinding the logical reasoning.

For example, it is now obvious to us the existence of the human heart, but it was not always so. It was William Harvey in 1628, who looked to the heart for the first time, seeing something new. For this doctor, the heart was a pump in the center of a closed circulatory system. Considering this as the main organ responsible for blood circulation, rather than the brain; adding that it would be possible to hear a sound, the pulsation of the chest.


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It will be not necessary to say that his proposal and its 'naive' concept was considered ridiculous by their medical colleagues.

If we have a writer looking at a blank page, a physicist in front of a blackboard, or a painter in the presence o a new canvas ... what happens in their brains, which hormones and neurotransmitters are activated and processed? If one mind has exceptional powers and abilities it is considered to be a biological issue, in which, in that body, the levels of serotonin and dopamine are higher than average, or, quite simply, 'Perhaps the only limits of the human mind are those we believe. '- Willis Harman -.

Literary Concept:

“ Love is eternal, its manifestation may change, but never its essence…”

VINCENT VAN GOGH

“ The soul waits patiently for the other half of himself of which it was separated.”

PLATO

“ Where there is a lot of feeling there is also so much pain.” LEONARDO DA VINCI

“ That one which is lost in his passion, lost less than one who has lost his passion.”

KIERKEGAARD

“ Love is a madness made with two.” NAPOLEON BONAPARTE

“ In love, there is always madness. But there is always a bit of reason in madness.”

NIETZSCHE

“ … But because I love, and for that I love her, because the one who loves never knows who he loves, not even why he loves, nor what love is... Loving is

the eternal innocence, and the only innocence is not to think.” FERNANDO PESSOA

“ You attract me, but you have no strength to seize me up.”

NIETZSCHE

“ Love lives and dies in the eyes.” SHAKESPEARE

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Human Specie

Michelangelo

Artistic Concept:

Oil 16 – Human Specie / Sapiens, Homo


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Scientific Concept:

“Since there are human beings, that we continue to search for our place in the Cosmos. The first of our species, our ancestors looked idly at the stars, contemplating the deep sky. The astronomy of ancient Maya reveals an intellectual feat equivalent to the ancient Egyptian geometry and Greek philosophy. Without telescopes or other devices, these devoted astronomers calculated the Earth's orbit around the Sun with extreme precision, understood time and seasons, gave exact definition for solstices and equinoxes, including a strange cosmic alignment for 2012 that would culminate in an Apocalypse! They lived completely obsessed by the heavens, in tune with the cycles of the Moon and Venus and were the first forerunners of an ancient Mayan calendar, believed by many today as more accurate than our present Gregorian calendar.

Early in that time, the same questions involved us: Where are we? Who are we? Where are we going? What is our destiny? "There are many worlds or just one?”. This is one of the most noble and uplifting questions to the understanding of Nature, posed by Alberto Magno in the XIII century, a Dominican friar who, in his words, believed that faith does not contradict reason.

It is today very clear that we live about 30.000 light years from the center of the Galaxy, on the fringes of a spiral arm. As far as we know, there may be those who live on a planet beyond. The numerous discoveries of new planets raise the possibility that there may be those who inhabit some other worlds in a galaxy far far away ... or not!

Has a disaster, described in many myths of ancient civilizations, some sense? Ancient scriptures reveal cosmic cycles associated with the fall of meteorites, violent earthquakes, and a giant flood that will culminate in the extinction of a large part of the fauna and flora of our planet, ending in a unbearable cold season for mankind, a frozen embrace of a new ice age!

Is mankind the result of a 'Cosmic tuning'? Where are the other technologically advanced civilizations? What is our destiny? Are we alone? Really alone?! In this wide immensity of space and time … Is it possible that we are the only ones - or beings - who think in this Universe?! As Carl Sagan would say: “The Cosmos may be densely populated with intelligent life, but the lesson of Darwin is clear: there are no humans elsewhere. Only here. Only in this small planet. We are as rare as an endangered species, each one of us, at a cosmic point of view, is precious. If a human disagrees with you, let him live. In a hundred billion galaxies, you will not find any another.”. – ‘Travel to the Horizon of the Extinction – Day XXI, month 12 of the year 2012’ – Vol. II – C. P. Fournier

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Literary Concept:

“ We should find the perfect existence through imperfect existence!” BUDDHIST TEACHING

“ When sometimes I start to think about the men and several discussions of

the problems and dangers they are exposed ... I realize that all their misery comes just of one thing: from not knowing to be at peace in a room.”

BLAISE PASCAL

“ Could all men remember that they are brothers.” VOLTAIRE

“ Act on a Maxim by which you may want it to become a Universal Law.”

KANT

“ Who does not punish the evil, commands it to be done.” LEONARDO DA VINCI

“ The best book of moral is our consciousness, it is with it we should most get advice.”

PASCAL

“ Ain‟t there a place for a reason?” THOREAU

“ I believe in a God who reveals himself in the harmony of what exists,

and not in a God who concerns himself with the fate and actions of men.”

EINSTEIN

“ Believing in God or not, depends very much on what we understand by God.”

CARL SAGAN

“ The character of a man makes his destiny.” DEMOCRITUS

“ Our dignity lies in our thought. Let us therefore think well.” PASCAL

“ While you live, continue to learn how to live.” SENECA


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Wind Rose

Curie

Artistic Concept: Oil 18 – Wind Rose

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Scientific Concept: When we want to introduce a new idea we need to have a rebellious spirit

prepared to fight. Marie Curie had all these qualities. Born in Poland, began as one of 210 women studying in the middle of nine thousand male students. From an early age was known and considered as unusual, since she achieved the highest grades in the exams among all students. She was immediately recognized as a brilliant student.

But one thing is to be brilliant. Revolutionize science is another! She began her research along with her husband Pierre Curie, after becoming aware of some curious discoveries made by the physicist Becquerel about some strange emissions of radiation issued by certain ores, such as Uranium. And in a radiation of inspiration, she has discovered radioactivity!

Marie Curie's work was exceptional. She discovered that some radioactive elements emit more radiation than others and yet they can issue different types of radiation. In addition, she has consolidated all of her thinking and understanding about the atomic theory, revealing that atoms do exist and that they are indivisible, however, these are not immutable. She experimentally discover that the emission of radioactivity leads to the release of particles and, thereby, the atom changes. The constituent particles of the atom are really indivisible, but not immutable. The fundamental particles such as neutrons, can change shape and transform into different particles. But this transformation and mutation process follows rigorous procedures, scientifically known as alpha decay and beta decay.

For all their discoveries, Marie Curie was awarded the Nobel Prize, twice! A rather unique event, that brought her fame, recognition and funds to advance her investigations. If we relate that discrimination against women was a fact well marked at this time and that Marie was never invited to the Academy of Sciences and, in fact, the initial recommendation for the Nobel Prize did not include her name, was added at the insistence of Pierre. We conclude that its contribution to the development of science and the emancipation of women in society, was absolutely outstanding.

But between miracle and nightmare, between the beauty of a rose and its sharp peak, what Marie Curie did not know was how harmful excessive radiation can be. Only later, in the twenties, came the time in which began to be related radiation with cancer… but it was too late for Marie ... She had been diagnosed with cancer in blood cells, leukemia.

Even today, her notes are stored in a safe place, because they are still too much radioactive to be handled.


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Literary Concept:

“ Life is not easy for anyone. Who cares? We must persevere and be persistent and above all

have confidence in ourselves. We must believe that we have a gift for something and that, whatever the cost, we will achieve it.”

MARIE CURIE

“ I was taught that the way of progress is neither swift nor easy.” MARIE CURIE

“ If you cry because you missed the sun, the tears will not let you see the stars!”

RABIM DRANATH TAGORE

“ What the caterpillar calls the end of the world, the Master calls it a butterfly.”

RICHARD BACH

“ Man has to invent oneself every day.” JEAN PAUL SARTRE

“ Hell is other people.” JEAN PAUL SARTRE

“ In the middle of difficulty lies opportunity.”

ALBERT EINSTEIN

“ The best way of answering a bad argument is to let it continue.” SYDNEY SMITH

“ When clouds are catch in sight, the wise men

cover themselves with a mantle.” SHAKESPEARE

„ We all live under the same sky,

but not all under the same horizon. ‟ C. P. FOURNIER

“ And when there is no wind, you must paddle.”

ITALIAN PROVERB

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The Defeat

Clausius

Artistic Concept: Oil 17 – The Defeat


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Scientific Concept: Before man could know how to write and speak, or before he could build

any formula or words, in a time long before Physics or Literature, man first learned how to paint. Art was the first form of expression of a human being. Among the most primitive of all, came from Europe and Africa, the primitive art, or rock painting, at 20.000 years ago. But between European and African paintings, in prehistoric art highlights the richness and expressiveness of Australian rupestrian art, which Aboriginal painting of Kimberley date to 30.000 years ago, or more!

With this ancient form of expression – the artistic awakening - has emerged the consciousness of the concept of time and the possibility of transmitting a message.

Messages can arrive from the past, as they may also come from the future... The law of non-conservation entropy of Clausius reveals a Universe into motion towards to an end, where, along the way this huge machine that is the whole Universe will exhaust their full potential and reserves of energy, heat and work, driving to a rest after death, eternal, relentless and irreversible.

After eighteen years of investigation, research and efforts around a theory to explain the irreversible transfer of heat, Clausius is faced with an absolutely chilling final discovery about the Laws of the Universe, of life, and of human existence itself.

In fact, we do not live in a Universe that encourages and develops in favor of sustaining the diversity of life, but instead find ourselves in a Universe that exists at the expense of life. Being alive is unnatural, indeed, all life exists in defiance, and not in accordance with the most fundamental law of the Universe: the inequation of thermodynamics, which is a measure of the increase of the disorder, ΔSUniverse > 0. The scientific evidence with which this scientist was faced, the theory on which he innocently devoted his entire life, revealed to be his greatest defeat and his most inglorious discovery.

What Clausius had just discovered was the inevitability of the end. Wishing otherwise would be willing that the entropy of the Universe was not increasing but decreasing. Imply wishing that the dried leaves of autumn get back together in the branches of trees, fresh and green; would mean reversing the order and the laws of Physics and the Second Law of Thermodynamics.

In the daily battle of existence, the forces of death will always finally silence the forces of life...

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Literary Concept:

“It is useless to cry over spilled milk... ...when all the forces of the Universe came together to get it poured!”

SOMERSET MAUGHAM

“Because, besides all, the best thing we can do while it rains is...to let it rain.” LONGFELLOW

“ How poor are those who have no patience!

Which wound was healed without being gradually?” SHAKESPEARE

“ What does not kill me makes me stronger.”

NIETZSCHE

“ Defeats, there are only those that are accepted.” BENTO JESUS CARAÇA

“ Courage, is the virtue of the beginning. Patience, is a virtue to begin again.”

FRANCESCO ALBERONI

“ When a Man has will power, the Gods will give a helping hand.” ESQUILO

“ But it is a stupidity to ask the Gods what we can achieve by ourselves.” EPICURO

“ Failure breaks the small souls and magnify the big ones.”

BENJAMIM FRANKLIN

“When you feel tired, know that you have just achieved half of the way.” ANONYMOUS

“ The palmy days did not come by chance. They were born of much fatigue and of a lot interval of despondency.”

CAMILO CASTELO BRANCO

“ Everything comes, if a man knows how to wait.” TANCREDO

“ If a man does not know to which port addresses,

no wind will be favorable.” SENECA


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The Message

Faraday

Artistic Concept:

Oil 20 – The Message

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Scientific concept: Son of an iron-smith man, a condition that might cause a poor start.

From poor families, Michael Faraday had just a basic education, only learning how to write, and throughout his life time remained almost illiterate in the area of Mathematics. When his father died, in addition to its great regret, he knew he had to find a job immediately, in order to support his mother and brothers. But it was when he began working as a book-binder, that his work turned out to be a rich environment for a curious and intelligent mind. This was undoubtedly the best way to be abreast of the latest thoughts of the day. People and their ideas were noted and discussed in books. It was an opportunity to access knowledge, and best of all is that he could read the books even before they are published. Faraday quickly found himself plunged into an addictive reading, taking notes of the books that passed through his hands, giving him unprecedented access to all the emerging knowledge of the epoch.

As the books were extremely expensive, and in no way he could buy them, the only solution would be filling his pockets with notes. It was during this time that he felt determined to develop his intellect.

Initially fascinated by Chemistry, dreamed of become a respected Natural Philosopher, treated like a gentleman. But the scientific imagination quickly spread through the mind of Faraday. The influences of Galvani, about static electricity and Bioelectricity, were important for the reflections which he would later develop. Electricity has become his passion but it was a phenomenon even more puzzling that caught him, of which he could not divert his attention: Magnetism.

This son of an iron-smith man would leave the world electrified and magnetized with its first-class intellect, but before that, it would be necessary to win and fight against ignorance and arrogance of the so-called 'blue bloods' of the time. A confrontation difficult and even dramatic. Semi-illiterate, Faraday taught himself to read, but not only, he read all the books of science that he could reach, rejoicing for free with his sacred pleasure.

Twist of fate, was a public informal lecture, which occurred frequently, that the young Faraday was appointed to speak and comment. He presented a lecture on electricity and got an attentive and enthusiastic reaction of the public. At this time, this aspiring scientist felt full of strength. Of the notes he took of these lectures he compiled a book. One day, someone curious about the content off that book entered the store and requests the library to order this book. Later, when delivered, the book included some extra sheets ... invitations to participate in the lectures of the Royal Institution! It was there that he met the most influential people in science, but even there his


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path was not easy, it would be necessary that someone as 'insignificant' could capture the attention. First he became an assistant of a renowned scientist, a route a little tense. Finally, in 1816 made his first official and independent scientific publication.

With a skepticism that only believed in his own experience and a humility that does not value the arrogance, the father of the Theory of Electromagnetism became a respected man, recognized by all, a true gentleman and unprecedented.

Literary Concept:

“ I learned just enough for me to realize my ignorance.” FARADAY

“ The philosopher must be a man willing to listen to any suggestion, but determined to judge for himself.”

FARADAY

“ We suffered overmuch for the little things that we lack, and we rejoice to less for the much that we have. ”

SHAKESPEARE

“ Everything is precious to the one who was for a long time, deprived of everything.”

NIETZSCHE

“ I have not written to the crowd (...) my work is for those who think and that, over time, will be the exception.”

SCHOPENHAUER

“ Only a few people will be interested in what you have to say, but it does not matter. Remember that, one cannot measure the quality of

a master by the size of their crowds.” RICHARD BACH

“ It does not matter if the beginning seems small.” THOREAU

“ Become what you are.” “ The methods are the true riches.” NIETZSCHE

“ Try again. Fail again. Err better.” SAMUEL BECKETT

„ The awakening of talent happens when there is the pleasure for the task.‟ C. P. FOURNIER

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Secret Window

Klimt

Artistic Concept: Oil 19 – Secret Window


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Scientific Concept:

Nature constantly provides us images, with very different patterns and designs. It seems that everything that exists around us follows a geometry or a multitude way of geometric forms. But, in essence, all forms of Nature are simple, and we can easily associated circles, triangles, squares, and a whole variety of other composition of these elementary forms in everything we see.

One of the most beautiful forms of Nature, which plays a key role in the geometric code of the Universe, is a curve that revolves around a central point and gradually moves away from this center, in an infinite number of orbital revolutions. This curve can be associated with mathematical concepts, such as, Archimedean, Hyperbolic, Logarithmic, or, as it usually is more easily recognized: by the golden curve of Fibonacci. This special form, follows a special course, creating a special effect ... a spiral shape.

The spiral is a very beautiful shape that is very present in our Cosmos, but we are not always aware of this image. We can see the spirals of Nature everywhere. In fact, this is a so special form which seems to be a standard shape of a good part of the Universe, and also appears to be a constant icon of inspiration for certain artistic styles, such as the Art Nouveau.

This harmonious form had a major influence and won a special attention and attraction by certain painters. The avant-garde painter Gustav Klimt appears to have been fascinated by the extreme beauty of this form, applying it and highlighting it in a countless number of his paintings. It was this painter who opened the door to a new concept of art and new artistic paths.

Original, different, with a brilliant and irreverent gift, unique and creative, all his work contained a high degree of sophistication, capacity and technical rigor. Besides that, all his work revealed a breakthrough for its time, a break with tradition and a deliberate revolt against the antiquated conditions of art.

Klimt found a new way of expressing art, and found a way for new artistic possibilities, namely, the discovery and the fascination of the curves, human body, and the eroticism of the female form.

However, this was another misunderstood genius, an artist originally ignored, whose works were considered controversial, surrounded by constant negative criticism. Only at the turn of the century is that the complete works of this painter came to enjoy a high degree of value and appreciation.

Literary Concept:

“ Serenity is the secret of true beauty and the true substance of all art.” HERMAN HESSE

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“ Too many people, too much requests, lots of things to do; competent people, busy people, preoccupied...

That is not, at all, living.” ANNE LINDERBERGH

“ The miracle occurs with the serenity of the mind,

that settles down and stays quiet for a moment.” „COURSE IN MIRACLES‟

“ From serenity comes the relax suavity,

emerges the strength that remains.” PAM BROWN

“ Those who are not burdened by the past,

nor distracted by the future, are living and making better use of their lives;

these are the ones who solved the secret of joy.” ALAIN GOODIER

“ Life is too much precious to be sacrificed for what is superfluous

and transitory ” GRENVILLE KLEISER

“ The poor long for richness and the rich for paradise,

but the wise men long for a state of tranquility.”

SWAMI RAMO

“ Peace comes from within yourself, do not seek it around you.”

BUDA

“ Our most important experiences are our quietest moments.”

NIETZSCHE

“ My greatest asset is the deep stillness I commit and grow, and gain what the world cannot take me by fire or sword.”

GOETHE

“ In the presence of a quiet mind, the whole Universe surrenders.”

CHUANG TZU


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Quantum Abstractions

Planck

Artistic Concept: Oil 21 – Quantum Abstractions

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Scientific Concept: The role of the movement of spiral energy seems to govern and guide the

evolution of Nature itself. So this form is so universal that often appears repeated and the examples in Nature are far beyond the following:

We can see the spiral shapes in galaxies, we can see spirals in the orbits of planets, in the movements of the electrons of an atom, we can see spiral patterns in weather systems, like typhoons, cyclones, anticyclones, wind and tornadoes, in the circulation of water in whirlpool; there are spiral movements in vortices of smoke particles causing whirlwind, in the sense of circulation of blood in our veins, in the DNA molecule, in the form of a begonia leaf, the blossom of a fetus, at the crown-seeds of a sunflower, on marine shells, and also in the movement of particle collisions caused by accelerators when exposed to strong magnetic fields.

The frequency with which this form is repeated can even cover the abstract: can be applied to the very formation of matter itself, which represents the most fundamental particles of Nature. Being a result of the stability, and balance movement, of these vortexes of spiral energy.

We can also find spirals in the equations of Physics, in the form of their most fundamental constant, which is the speed of light, represented by the letter 'c', whose symbol is a spiral again – although, we should note that the subtle sense of motion in Nature has a preference for the left side and a counterclockwise tendency movement -; and also at the very shape of space-time!

Therefore, it becomes possible to speak in spirals of time. Even time itself follows the path of these spirals, in permanent expansion. While doing it so, creates torsion fields, time fields, moving in cycles throughout the Universe. This new concept is part of a new mathematical theory developed by the mathematician Élie-Joseph Cartan. The Einstein-Cartan theory emerged to explain and justify some of the mystery passages of space and time.

The reflection of the role of spirals in Nature has been developed by contemporary naturalists but not only. The mystery of spirals is an ancient mystery. For many ancient civilizations, the diversity of life, the distinct paths, the destiny itself, is far beyond a linear form, considered as if life was limited to a straight line, drawn in a single direction. The Celts understood the world as a circle or a cycle. Under these graceful forms, spiral and circular, all the power of the Universe and all the forces of Nature tread these spiral roads, moving away, meeting up again, and constantly renewing. For the Celtic imagination Time twists and spins on itself, stating that:"Life


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is like a spiral and not a straight line, where past and future meet in an infinite present.”.

The spiral forms which were found in ancient Celtic artifacts express an understanding of the cosmos that venerated the spiral shape. Considering that, the circular forms contain a vital energy, the energy of the movement itself, and of all that exists.

Literary Concept:

“Art is made to disturb. Science gives us safety.” GEORGES BRAQUE

„Art is used to liberate; Science to absorb.‟ C. P. FOURNIER

“ In fact, a painter has no other serious enemies except their worst paintings.” HENRI MATISSE

“ We have art so that we do not die from the truth.”

NIETZSCHE

“ Beware of the artist who is also intellectual: is the artist who‟s the spare part.” F. SCOTT FITZGERALD

“ The design is product of the thought, poetry, and spirit.”

GIANNI MAIMERI

“ To have talent it is necessary to be convinced that we have it.” GUSTAVE FLAUBERT

“ True art has a prophetic power of awakening.”

KANDINSKY

“ The strength of colors makes the object superfluous.” KANDINSKY

“ The truth stops in intelligence; beauty reaches the heart.” HENRI LACORDAIRE

“ Feeling is the language of the soul.” N.D.WALSH

“ The beauty is in the eye of the beholder.”

GREEK PROVERB

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The Guardians

Euler

Artistic Concept: Oil 22 – The Guardians


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Scientific Concept: Leonhard Euler, was a mathematical genius, now almost unknown to the

general public. Born in the XVIII century, Euler was of Swiss origin. The scientific life of this scientist was a truly overflowing of inspiration

and mathematical productivity of innumerous quality as well of unmatched quantity.

Very briefly, he was arguably the most productive mathematician of all time. He has published dozens of books and over 850 scientific articles!

In fact, there are entire branches of Physics and Mathematics completely founded by Euler. His area of research covered a diverse range of different subjects, conceiving and writing his discoveries at a hallucinating pace, far exceeding that to which a normal human being can even read!

Among the diverse topics addressed, their fundamental contributions extend to the following areas: analytic number theory, differential and integral calculus, differential equations, topology, graph theory, geometry, algebra, mechanics, hydrodynamics, fluid dynamics, astronomy, etc.

Euler's contributions are really huge that it is indeed impossible to refer to this scientist relating him in abstract with the 'theorem of Euler', because Euler's theorem does not exist. The legacy of this mathematician extends almost infinitely, and thus we have: Euler angles, the Euler-Lagrange equation, Euler integrals, the Euler characteristic, the function of Euler, Euler's constant, the Euler line, the products of Euler; the sum of Euler-Maclaurin, etc. And also the resolution of one of the greatest problems of his time, related to the sum of an infinite serie, titled as 'Basel Problem'; ending in his famous Euler's formula for complex numbers: eiπ + 1 = 0.

It is impossible to identify this mathematician with a single result. Their methods and thinking are genuinely innovative and transcendent.

Nevertheless, the personal circumstances of the life of this mathematician worsened with one of the unfortunate fate that had made him almost lose sight.

However, he has never felt defeated, and it was later that Euler reached the peak of his career in an explosion of creativity difficult to imagine.

Incredibly, Euler worked with assistants and with a giant board in his office, where he wrote in big letters that he couldn‟t barely see.

His memory was prodigious, and his scientific production was expanding more and more. During this period, his average scientific productivity was about one scientific paper per week! Including, and ironically, treatises on optics!

Mathematician, scientist, writer and science divulger, pure guardian of wisdom, Euler did not seem from this world!

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Literary Concept:

“ The wisdom of life lies in the elimination of what is not essential.”

LIN YUTANG

“ The art of simplicity consists on eliminating the unnecessary so that the necessary can be revealed.”

HANS HOFMAN

“ Wisdom is the only wealth that tyrants cannot expropriate.” KHAHIL GIBRAN

“ The wise man says very little but thinks a lot.” PAM BROWN

“ Not understanding, sometimes reveals,

the best understanding.” BALTASAR GRACIAN

“I hate quotations.

Tell me what you know.” RALPH EMERSON

“ Happy the man who carries a high ideal and obeys it.”

LOUIS PASTEUR

“ The wise man must live as he can, if he cannot live as he wants.”

GRACIAN

“ The kings have left here their crowns and their scepters, The heroes, their weapons;

But the great spirits, whose glory was in them and not in material things,

took away with them all of their greatness.” SCHOPENHAUER

“ No one can shine on the stage of the world

if it does not shine on the stage of their intelligence.” AUGUSTO CURY


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SERIE

III

NO INSPIRATION

“To imagine is to elevate Reality one tone.”

- Gaston Bachelard -

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An Introduction: For there to be art, or any form of creation, it can be said that will

become an indispensable requirement a unique demand: the power of inspiration. In the absence of this ingredient there will be times when the writer, artist or scientist, just feel an inertia in all their actions, which will affect his productivity. In the absence of any form of development the author finds out the presence of this gap, a lack associated with a decrease of imagination, inspiration, moments in which new ideas won‟t emerge or there will be simply missing some kind of form of creativity. At these times, there will always be two concepts to keep in mind that may help overcome this obstacle and continue with the production of your work.

Some reflections to be consider and which are two pillars of utmost importance in any process of evolution and creation, have impact on the nature and meaning of these two words: Transdisciplinarity and Intertextuality. These two concepts keep active, in a conscious way, a granted method to 'know' and also its relationship with ''let it be known", and ensure the line of continuity. To try to explain the meaning of this line we must focus that, for a Science of Creative Art is absolute necessary to refer to Transdisciplinarity. This new discipline offers something new: in order to know something, you need to know everything!

The Transdisciplinarity establishes a dialogue among all different forms of knowledge; between all the sciences, disciplines and sub disciplines; presenting itself as an audacious new concept, capable of addressing simultaneously, for example, Mathematics and Philosophy, Physics and Art.

Transdisciplnarity, or Multidisciplinarity, refers to the study of a subject concerning a single discipline by several disciplines at the same time. In order to move towards an harmony between the various mentality, knowledge and expertise, it becomes necessary to create links between different disciplines.

This form of knowledge aims to a full understanding of the Universe, the unity of knowledge itself, and desires for absolute wisdom. The transdisciplinarity research becomes complementary but essential to the understanding of the whole. For example, in order to address the problems of Cosmology, we cannot forget Quantum Physics, although the study objects of these two disciplines can seem distinguish and are apparently different and well outlined.

The term Transdisciplinarity was only introduced at the end of the XX century by Jean Piaget, however, at the dissemination of this new discipline it is necessary to mention the name of Basarab Nicolescu, a theoretical physicist who was pioneered in the interdisciplinary studies.

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The author of an important reference when it comes to Intertextuality is Julia Kristeva.

Being a text a cultural object, Intertextuality is a relationship between texts and, therefore, represents the Interculturality. One text is a meeting place of several texts, for there are implicit and contained a multitude of other texts. In those previous readings, the writer first assimilated and absorbed other content, apprehended other words, memorized other information and his final literary production reflects all these influences.

Each writer is an „updater‟ of its own literary memory, and his final composition often is nothing more than a rearrangement, reorganization, relationship and co-presence of several other texts, compiled together in a writing over writing. In this way, and quoting Julia Kristeva: "All text is constructed as a mosaic of quotations; All text is absorption and transformation of another text.”.

In this sense, the concept of intertextuality offers a critical view of the literary work. In a text or a work it is assumed that the author is the sole creator, but intertextuality argues exactly the opposite.

In every text there are different authors involved, implicitly or explicitly revealed. In this sense it puts into question the literary work as being absolutely unique and original, and causing doubts about the classification of the poet-genius. If a text is nothing more than a mix of new and continuity, a process of evolution in which old and new coexist and live together, a universe of words that allows you to establish contact with other times, authors, values and knowledge; then, any text should be highlighted, not by its author, not by their words, but throughout the whole universe that it represents and reveal.

But even thought, there is always contextual relationships which were recreated, re-imagined, reformatted in a new text more important to the author, with which it identifies himself. In this process only some information is highlighted, only some data are chosen and the rest left in the shade. Therefore, a new text represents the author's imagination, in which it's introduced a new style and recreated a new importance to a thematic and created a new message.

Despite this, the appreciation of literary, artistic or scientific work should be highlighted to establish a permanent liaison with other writers, other times and other ideas. Because a book refers to other books and therefore leaves to continue living and active the continuous dialogue between the author and the reader.

As our work is the only witness of our thoughts, our writings, our ideas are the only part of us that remains beyond life and the only confirmation of


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our existence. The work of art, in existence almost infinite in time, aspires to a perpetual life, unlike ours that is practically extinguished.

Art continues to do what it always did: reflect the perception of the outside world through the perspective of the artist, revealing internal processes of the mind of that same artist and transmitting his vision of the world around him. In a constant rediscovery in which the image of the visible and the invisible is captured, transformed, and elevated to a maximum limit. Letting it show, even if only subtly, what a man has placed in an intentionally way, a composition that follows a personal logic, extremely deep, and even unconscious.

The only change of artistic styles is a demand for a constant innovation and originality. It‟s a fact that, for a long time man has been interested in art, and has never been an exception to this rule; but perhaps never existed a time as passionate as ours. Since the Romantic period of the XIX century that man has witnessed a constant change of artistic serials, styles, of movements and counter-movements, because the world of art presents itself in an attitude of permanent change.

The end of the XIX century and first half of the XX century, originated more artistic movements, many 'isms', than in all other previous periods: Realism, Impressionism, Expressionism, Cubism, Surrealism; Futurism, etc!

Also, another important movement of the XX century is the notion of 'Vanguard', defined as the group of people who in their way of work, lifestyle and thoughts, are advanced in relation to the time in which they live. From a psychology perspective in Art History, the picture may emerge as a mean to communicate and transmit a message of harmony and beauty or, conversely, of shock and anger, or even as a way to raise awareness, requiring acuteness, attentiveness and sensitivity from the viewer and the critic, so that the image can be properly internalized, appreciated, and judged.

What the artist creates, the critical analyze and question. In one withdraws an inner reality and a work that was born of the senses. While the other goes down to the sources of creation and trying to conceive, understand, analyze and make lucid everything that fueled the artist's work; all that has propelled it, its genesis and primary causes of this force. If the artist would take the time to make this work, would have lost their momentum and their natural instincts, and the artwork would have been sterilized. However, art is always an inseparable manifestation from the body, soul and conscious mind, because: "Painting is a visible poetry” – Leonardo da Vinci –.

The idea of an individual genius is not a new idea. If we remember, for example, of Michelangelo and again of Leonardo da Vinci, whose eloquent

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works would irrevocably resist to the erosion of conventions and traditions, these are examples of how the works of a good artisan are not ephemeral productions, associated with artistic sides, fashion and epoch styles. Because a constant newness can eventually become tireless and annoying ... but the work of a good artisan, by the contrary, lasts forever.

In conclusion, it is necessary to understand that Science, Art, and Philosophy are not strangers to each other. In fact, these disciplines have a lot in common and transmit a mutually enrichment. We can remind ourselves that Science was born from Philosophy. Philosophy, Art and Science, all of these areas are faced with several issues essential to our existence, exploring the knowledge and human existence. In this way, they aspire to achieve a much deeper understanding; being that, they all make perpetual use of thought, reflection and inspiration. And, although apparently went their separate ways, the ultimate objective is common and always the same: to reveal and share all their creations, concepts and discoveries.

The Intertextuality and Interdisciplinarity can emerge as a tool and as an engine for a source of inspiration, but maybe all of that is unnecessary because probably the only essential ingredient for this combination is simply… the imperative need to create:

“The work of art is born of the necessity. It is this origin, and nothing

else, that determines the judgment of its value. For this reason, dear sir., I cannot give you any other advice beyond this: go inside yourself and explore the depths from which your life flows, it is in that source that you will find the answer to the question: Do I have to create?

Admit the answer, whatever it is, without interpreting it. Maybe you will find out that you were born to be an artist. In that case, you must accept your fate, carry your weight and greatness, without asking for benefit that can come from outside. The creator must be a world for himself, must find everything within himself and in the Nature that he has joined.”.

RAINER MARIA Von RILKE – Letters to a young Poet –


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Quiet Watters

Escher

Artistic Concept: Oil 23 – Quiet Watters

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Scientific Concept: No doubt that life is indeed an eternal encounter and a missed encounter

of people, emotions and feelings. The Greeks used to have three words to define the levels of Love: Eros; Philos and Agape. Meaning that Eros involves the attraction and sex appeal; Philos contains the affection and friendship; and Agape absorbs the absolute love in its maximum plenitude.

But there is something curious about the emotion of love, attraction and desire ... we usually always want what we do not have. Is it possible that we love more the desire than to be desired?!

It is said that passion is excited and inflamed when the lovers face obstacles and are far from each other, as in the love story of Tristan and Isold, and that this can last for decades, such as in the love history of Odyssey, with Ulysses and Penelope; and fade when they are close by and can enjoy love. Because passion is not feeded as a result of the presence, but usually grow by the absence. As a result, the nostalgic and desire emotion experienced is more intense the greater the distance and separation, the more they lack and feel that they want and need each other. So, what do these lovers truly wish?!

Most ordinary mortals live love as a feeling of inconstancy, stimuli, oscillation and disturbance. However, a healthy love, complete and rewarding tends to get closer to tranquility than suffering. If the feeling is pure and true, then it must be stable and should provide a continuous emotion of peace, security and serenity. A feeling in which reason and emotion exist in balanced quantities. A feeling of harmony and tranquility, capable of generating an emotion so calm and peaceful, very similar to the ones we get when we come to a safety harbour, or when we find a refuge, shelter; or when we have a prolonged hug; or even when we contemplate a lake of Quiet Watters!

Because love has different forms… for different people. According to the thought of Francesco Alberoni we can say that when

we are corresponded the world is full of life, happiness and triumph. We feel that everything is animated by an ascendant force, with a magical energy that pours out an absolute moment of spiritual elevation. To love, grants us the possibility to share of the great breathing of the Universe, makes us a part of its movement and its harmony. The nascent state of „falling in love‟ is an experience of contact with the very sources of life, of immersion in the great flow of the universe, in which seems to be possible the fullness of joy and absolute happiness. Later, romantic love calms down the initial storm of Eros. The intense energy of passion usually falls and is replaced by a sense of security, of complicity and a much deeper union.


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Subjugate or renounce this emotion, avoid sharing it or enjoy it is to live less…

Although this state of soul is unique, and only this one gives us a special energy, which can be viewed under two perspectives: this is the emotion that manacles the soul or releases it; makes us slaves or free; that offers us their weakness or their strength; who makes us smile or cry. That makes us feel its sadness or beauty; pain and joy; instability and security, though this is the only feeling that both gives and steals.

As such, it is necessary to understand how should we navigate through these sinuous waters of emotion and how should we observe it. In a conscious perspective, bringing it up from the horizon and seeing it in its entire splendor… In the crown of love it always emerges the possibility of a dream and of eternal happiness.

But at the core of the soul remain hidden and drowned conflicting emotions of sorrow, constantly recorded by the mechanisms of time and memory…

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But above all, what is of utmost importance in this emotion is that the Empire of Love can arise as a great source of inspiration!


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Literary Concept:

“ When we love we have no need to understand what is happening, because everything is already happening within us.”

PAULO COELHO

“ The true principle of being is the union of at least two human beings.” FEUERBACH

“ In love, happiness is an unusual state.”

MARCEL PROUST

“ There are days when I die of love; in others, for being so unloved, I just die a little more.”

ANONYMOUS

“ The absence extinguishes the small passions and strengthens the big ones.” FRANÇOIS LA ROCHEFOUCAULD

“ If you love somebody, let him free. If he comes back, it is because he

needed so. If he doesn't come back... it is also because he needed so...” ANONYMOUS

“ The course of true love was never smooth.”

WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE

“ Love is a fire that burns without being seen…” LUÍS VAZ DE CAMÕES

“ The heart has its own reasons which the reason itself doesn't know.” BLAISE PASCAL

“ The greatness of character isn't: not to experience emotions;

but rather, they are to be consider at the highest degree; the important issue is to control them, and even though

having pleasure to model them, in a gold for something more.” FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE

“ It takes great courage to show your dreams to someone else.”

ERMA BOMBECK

“ All kinds of pleasure or pain, for more spontaneous they can be, are a result of a great complexity.

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In them it is contained: all our life experience and a tremendous amount of value judgments and errors.”

FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE

“ Love reveals the sublime and hidden qualities of the one who loves, what is there of exceptional and rare... but in this respect it easily deceives

what is there of common and usual.” NIETZSCHE

“ Keeping something that might remind you, would mean to admit that I could forget you.”

WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE

“ What kind of inebriate filter have you gave me to drink, I even forget myself but I cannot forget you.”

FLORBELA ESPANCA

“ Some sorrow is a proof of a huge love; but a lot of sorrow reveals too much lack of spirit.” WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE

“ Do not cry, don't sob so hard!... That your tears are making me crazy... Don't cry, don't cry... console yourself! I know... I know everything! However, still speak of love. Look at me (...) turn your eyes to me... You asked me if I can talk about love. Knowing what I know, and seeing what I have saw as well. If that was the question ... this will be the answer... On my knees to the ground, I answer you now... I love you ... love you ... love you; For better, for worse ... in pain, or joy ... I love you!”

EDGAR ALLAN POE

“ The word is sacred when I use it,

but it is only magic when the other one feels it.” JEAN PAUL SARTRE

“At any case, get married. If it comes to you in luck a good wife,

then you will be happy. But if it comes to you a bad wife... you shall become a philosopher, which is excellent for mankind.”

SOCRATES


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Improvisations

Darwin

Artistic Concept: Oil 24 – Improvisations

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Scientific Concept: An image can have a thousand different meanings, as also the words. It is

said that they are polysemous, as the meaning assigned to them depends a lot on what we know about it before and all of the mental tools, intellectual arguments, and cultural references that we have to interpret them.

The information can be defined as data insert in a certain content, whatever is its form of expression (artistic, scientific, musical, literary...) but this is always relative to a context of interpretation, logic and understanding. Moreover, only a small part of the information can be defined as an objective part, the facts, data, a set of images, symbols, codes and characters that represent the explicit content of the information.

Afterwards there's the subjective part, an implicit content, the tacit knowledge, which corresponds to a whole set of signals that are only revealed in the mind of the observer, the connoisseur of that knowledge. This second perspective is the one that understands and focuses on information, integrating it into a set, relating, re-creating, interpreting isolated data and writing them in a new organic whole. In this new context, the total information perceived is always larger than the sum of its parts and thus is how the Knowledge is born.

It is said that to be a scientist is not enough to know a lot of things, which is a way of knowledge that concerns the instant experts. Above all, science is an organized knowledge. Based on this concept becomes clear that having an encyclopedia of information full of facts, an almost endless list of definitions, makes so little sense that, in the words of Henri Poincare, hardly deserves that much consideration, because: "A lot of bricks is not a house”. The key of knowledge is the organization and relationship. In order to understand the concept of a plant, we do not necessarily have to memorize an endless list of botanical names, family names, subfamilies, genus, species, subspecies, hybrids and their respective characteristics!

The great idea of Charles Darwin was not Evolution. People were already aware of this concept through geological evidence presented by fossil. The word evolution was presented long before Darwin came with their theories, what it wasn't known then was how evolution worked. His geniality was in the way he carried out the interpretation of information, presenting his new theory of the 'Natural Selection of Species'.

He has deduced that the species could adapt, and only those who adapted to their new environment would have better chances of survival. Thus, in reproduction of species there will be a slight variation from one generation to another. With this mechanism there will be minor changes in the genetic


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characteristics of that kind of specie, to ensure the best adaptation to the environment for the next future generations.

Literary Concept:

“ The civilizations that managed to restructure and survive, in general adequately explored the relationship

between order-by-disorder (...) They converted jam noise into information.”

ANTHONY WILDEN

“ Never before have we had so much information and so little knowledge.”

GEORGE STEINER

“A lot of bricks it is not a house.” HENRI POINCARÉ

“ It is that science is not simple accumulation of knowledge –

a himalayan pile that would eventually mislead (...) – it is yes, simplified organization,

each time wider and less incomplete. It does not stack knowledge, it saves it,

towards the construction of Unified Theories.” VITORINO MAGALHÃES GODINHO

“ No one can have more knowledge than

those that experience provides it.” JOHN LOCKE

“ Each individual organizes the world in a unique way.” K. J. McGARRY

“ Information, in an objective sense (...) is the expression of scientific, literary and artistic thoughts encoded in

libraries and museums, as well as all records of human culture.”

KARL POPPER

“ Information can be stored in books, manuals, databases (...) The knowledge, in contrast, exists only in a mind (human) –

the mind of the knower of that knowledge.” KEITH DEVLIN

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“ Forever in your mind.” KEITH DEVLIN

“ Man is part of Nature. Therefore, human creativity is part of the

productivity of Nature. In Mankind, Nature has reached a self-consciousness.” SCHELLING

“ The words are nothing else but images of matter. Fell in love for them is

just the same as falling in love with a painting.” FRANCIS BACON

“ The beauty of things exists in the mind which contemplates them.”

DAVID HUME

“ Without reflection, life is not worth living.” SOCRATES

“ We only lose the existence which we live. And we only live the existence that is lost.”

MARCUS AURELIUS

“ The type of philosophy we choose depends largely on the type of person we are.”

JOHANN FICHTE

“ One expert knows about everything. The wise man only knows the essential.”

ANONYMOUS

“ My ambition is to say in ten sentences what other great authors do not say even in a whole book.”

NIETZSCHE

“ I do not know how many souls do I have.” FERNANDO PESSOA

“ Do what you have to do and trust what happens.”

GOETHE

“ Was it worth it? All is worth it when the soul is not small.” FERNANDO PESSOA

***


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“ Well, every man has a religion, have anything in heaven or on earth for which he would give up

everything - something that absorbs him completely - which can be considered useless for others; But even though, it is his dream, is his

polar star, his master. This thing, whatever it is, came upon me, made me his slave (...)

a trail of glory in heaven, which I follow with all my heart (...) once convinced, will never let it go.”

WALT WHITMAN

* * *

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“ We are what we do. What we do not do, does not exist.

Therefore, we only exist in those days that we produce. On the other days when we do nothing,

we just remain.”

ANTÓNIO VIEIRA ( PRIEST )

* * *


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„OF ALL, ONLY THREE THINGS REMAIN‟

“ The certainty... that one is always beginning;

The certainty... that is necessary to continue and; The certainty... that we will be interrupted before finishing.

Make the interruption a new path;

Make the fall a dance step. From fear, a ladder;

From a dream, a bridge; From the search, a meeting.”

- FERNANDO PESSOA -

The End

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SUPPLEMENT

THE MYSTERY OF EASTER ISLAND

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The mystery of Easter Island

The aura of mystery surrounding the 170 square kilometers of Easter Island causes an almost ghostly and enigmatic impression, leaving a commanding presence in the air of a society of the past, once successful but walked into a scene of human experience extremely wrong...

In fact, it isn't indeed an island that was expected to have been discovered and colonized by any human beings at a time so remote. Still, it is a small island in Oceania, located in the southern Pacific Ocean, who lived its time of splendor. At that time, this small tribe of people could easily evolve in this tropical paradise full of palm trees, birds, volcanic caves, coastline, etc. Conclusive factors that contributed to the wealth of natural resources and their exploration by the original inhabitants. Their developed skills have reached social organization, communication techniques, and extended into the construction of a writing system, as well as other interesting projects of agricultural intensification, using stone walls for vegetable gardens, and also to the domestication of animals and construction of numerous stone chicken-house.

But it is due to the historical presence of its famous giant stone statues, called moai, carved about a thousand years ago by the natives, that this small island becomes a destination for curious tourists. The exact cause of the rampant production of these sculptures is to date still unknown. There are about 800 moai, mostly representing a stylized form of male torsos without legs, long ears and long face, mostly placed on the periphery of the island, by the sea, wrapped in a pale vegetation that covers this volcanic island. It is find, throughout the whole island, sculptures weighing over 7 tons and with 4.5 meters tall on average (although the highest measure more than 20 m), built from endemic rocks, remnants of a previously active volcanism. They resemble vigilant 'beings', or guardians, imposing statues facing the interior of the island (most of the statues are not looking at the sea), while simultaneously probe the area and the horizon in order to defend themselves or as an appeal to the gods, or as a warning symbol so that they could also be seen and feared by other clans and other civilizations, and though protect their villages and their inhabitants...

Nevertheless, we must ask ourselves what kind of megalomania has taken over these sculptors. Although it can be found in the Marquesas and Austral Islands a few stone statues. Consequently, the architecture of Easter Island has been developed from an existing Polynesian tradition.

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But the mystical and artistic frenzy left by this civilization has made of Easter Island in what might be regarded as the greatest open air museum.

This island is considered as a piece of habitable earth most remote in the world, since the closer lands are the coast of Chile, 3700 km east, and the Pitcairn Islands in Polynesia, a little over 2000 km to the west. Considered today as an area to preserve, in 1995 has became a UNESCO World Heritage. But until a few decades ago, most of these statues were not erected, many of them having been intentionally dropped to the ground so that deliberately they would break from the neck. Still others were defaced, probably by rival groups of primitive sculptors who vandalized the work of each other.

Anakena Beach

During the XX century many of these statues were studied and re-

erected by archaeologists. A task that was a challenge itself, even for a modern man. The largest of these statues weighs 88 tons. It is difficult to understand how a prehistoric population of savages Polynesian, who had no wheels, cranes, or machines, or even metal instruments, had simply and only the human muscle strength and some strings, could carry and erect these statues.

A job or a work of art, unfortunately unfinished, which was stopped almost abruptly. Many of the statues are still in the stone quarries, still being drafted and attached to the rock on which were being carved, from which we can realize a first draft, though with no details. A factory which was suddenly abandoned by his workers, leaving behind a floor covered with stone hammers and picks. On the walls were hung some gourds, reservoirs used as water bottles.

It is now known that the moai represent ancestors, and that in each stone platform was represented a different lineage. According to the stories passed down from father to son, it must have been an unknown king and his small entourage to arrive at the island around the century 7 AD. His name was Hotu Matu'a and its origins, a mystery. Perhaps the head leader of this expedition Hotu Matu'a ("The Great Father"), had


V

sailed in a large canoe, carrying with him his wife and children and the remaining crew. Later, the heirs of the first king would have been divided into tribes.

The lesson or message that this small island offers us is very clear, and it is not a fable. Easter Island becomes a micro-fine example of the rise and fall of a civilization. The mere fact of organizing the sculpture, transportation and removal of these statues required a complex society, specialized and populated, living in an environment rich enough to support it. Most likely, in what is now a parched and arid vegetation, of a barrenness and singular poverty, was once made up of many trees that should have grown in that time, so it could provide the necessary raw material for their houses, canoes, buildings etc. But the improper removal of all these assets and resources would have required too much of Nature and left behind a desolate landscape.

This story will also be highly appropriate to begin a series of studies about societies of the past, as the story turns out to be closer to that we have of an ecological disaster, which was held in complete isolation and in a closed system, leading to irreversible effects.

When the explorer Jacob Roggeveen spotted the island for the first time on Easter Day, on April 5, 1722 (having been given for that reason that specific name), necessarily had to spend 17 days at the high sea in a ship, in order to sail across the Pacific coming from Chile, having questioned oneself how these Polynesians who had cheered him when he landed reached an island so remote? Even more surprised he was to discover that the only boats of the islanders were a few canoes, small and not watertight, inappropriate at all to travel at sea.

Other explorers, such as Thor Heyerdahl argued that Easter Island has been colonized by the Eastern Pacific, by advanced societies of South American Indians (Incas), which, in turn, would have been civilized by more advanced societies coming from the Ancient World , coming across the Atlantic (Egyptians). Other exciting interpretations attributed by writers and curious, suggest that the statues of Easter Island are the work of intelligent beings of extraterrestrial astronauts from space.

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Recently, the analysis of DNA extracted from skeletons buried under the stone platforms - called ahu, which also served as a crematorium, containing remains of thousands of ancestors, a unique practice in that region of Polynesia, where the bodies were buried only.-, reveals a genetic relationship closer of the typical Polynesians from Asia and not from the Americas, which refutes the American Indian ancestry. Also Captain Cook, after a brief visit to the island in 1774 was able to converse with the islanders and conclude that both the culture and the dialect would be of oriental origin.

It is interesting how the expansion of the peoples of Polynesia was the most significant outbreak of maritime exploration of human prehistory, in 1200 BC. This spread of humanity would have reached New Guinea and Australia. Polynesians would thus come to all habitable areas of land in the vast Pacific Ocean triangle, whose vertices are Hawaii, New Zealand and Easter Island.

It is uncertain the date of occupation of Easter Island, as it is also uncertain the date of colonization of the Polynesian islands. Publications and studies on Easter Island can register their occupation between 300-400 AD, based on calculations of language time differences and radiocarbon dating of lake sediments (chemical and organic substrates). However, experts in the history of Easter question such calculations, giving the settlement of this colonization for the years 800-900 AD.

This island, with a triangular shape, is formed by three volcanoes on each end (inactive), whose topography is mostly smooth and flat - except in the area of volcanic cones and craters, where the altitude reaches 509 meters -, has a subtropical location, at 27° south, which gives the island a pleasant and mild climate, while its relatively recent volcanic origins give it fertile soils. All these combinations should have done that little island a small paradise. Perhaps this is why historians now believe that the colonization of this island was not accidental, but intentional; there are strong indications that show that this colonization was planned. Those travelers and sailors would transport essential products for the survival of the colony, such as the transfer of many species of plants and animals (yams, bananas, sugar-cane, chickens, etc.), giving fundaments and the grounds of this theory.


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The only problem associated with all this charm might have been the geography of the island and perhaps also the modest rainfall, which conditioned and limited the sources of fresh water. Far from everything, it has been verify that there is no instrument or stone originated on Easter Island found on any other island, or vice versa. Thus, the inhabitants of Rapa Nui must have remained in complete isolation, in a paradise at the end of the world, without any contact with outsiders during the next 1000 years. The first sign of decline began with the near disappearance of sea and terrestrial birds, as well as the Tucuxi mammals (primitive species of dolphins), indispensable source of meat, once hunted with sturdy rafts and boats at the open sea, far from seaside.

Both the oral traditions preserved by the islanders as archaeological studies suggest that the surface of the island was divided into about a dozen areas (like a pie divided into slices), each belonging to a clan or distinguished group. Each territory had its commoners, its chief and its own ceremonial platforms, or sanctuaries, with their statues. It is estimated that the island's population would be at its peak from 6.000 to 30.000 people, which would give an average of 35 to 175 people per square kilometer, or a total average of 15.000 people.

The disputes and rivalry have been accentuated by the division and location of the territories of each clan, since the territories were not all identical, and were endowed with different valuable resources. In particular, the areas that had more essential resources were more coveted. An example would be an area that contained a volcanic crater, this area would provide not only the best stone for carving the statues, as well as the obsidian rock to make sharp instruments; also would be a good source of moss to caulk canoes; and also a small lake or swamp in the crater would serve as a pond to water consumption and for irrigation systems through the construction of bypass water for agriculture crops.

At first glance, these disputes may seem natural to us, accustomed as we are living in modern countries, technologically advanced; where economic factors and the redistribution of essential goods are always on the agenda, and constitute the essential management of any society, either this is a primitive or technologically advanced. The mistake is to assume as an unconditional and worry-free situation the full access to all of these raw materials, at least for those who have a short-term view.

But actually, it is possible to find a list with many challenges to humanity today: the destruction of natural habitats; reduction of biological diversity; uncontrolled fishing in rivers and oceans;

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contamination and soils depletion; environmental pollution; the oil and fossil fuels crisis; the reduction of 'stock' of drinking water; over-population of the planet, etc. etc. In short, there are a number of reasons why societies make mistakes.

What history reveals to us, unfortunately, is that in little more than a thousand years, the Easter Island completely exhausted their natural resources and fall into dark times, marked by food shortages and starvation. The over number population and mismanagement of resources have led this society to despair. The impoverished of the soils, reduced food production; the chopping of trees prevented the retention of rainwater, favoring soil erosion, and interrupt the construction of essential, new and better, boats for fishing in high seas. Added to all this, the extinction of many native species that prevented the hunting of animals and collecting of fruits.

Subsequent botanic studies performed by the swedish palynologist Olof Selling to a number of pollen grains deposited in deep mud and age determined by the method of carbon-14, confirmed that Easter Island was not at all a wasteland, but a subtropical forest with tall trees and dense forests, in which existed a unique kind - now extinct - of palm tree, the largest in the world, reaching diameters greater than 2 m and heights above 20 meters!

This is an example of how a society can be self-destructed, over exploring their own resources and inevitably involved in strong social misunderstandings and wars. It is what the author Jared Diamond describes as eco-suicide, that is, the inability to understand the fragility of the environment combined with the greed and ignorance that leads to the exploitation of natural resources beyond the sustainable limit. Adding that, the parallelism between the fate of Easter Island and the modern world is frighteningly obvious. The period of darkness soon began, the tribes clashed, social disruption and anarchy led to the lack or absence of food, without any chance of escape to other islands, stories of cannibalism began to appear...

The collapse of this civilization occurred in 1680, with the scourge of civil war. Later, the few survivors of this society (about 30% at the time, but now contains only 10% of its former population, since many natives succumbed to the effects of colonization due to the many diseases brought by Europeans. After its discovery in 1722, the island received more than 53 expeditions.), will have experienced a period of spiritual renewal.


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In 1774, Captain Cook, would describe these islanders as "small, thin, timid and miserable". But these survivors had to adapt as best as they could, both in terms of subsistence as of religion.

No one knows for sure if there is some relationship, but enigmatically, the culture and passion for these stone statues seems to have started to decline around the century XV. At a time which also estimates that the main palm tree of the island began to decrease or become extinct, preventing the supply of wood and rope to transport and erect statues, through a primitive system of rails. It is known that the fierce competition between clans and chiefs drove the focus for the construction of progressively larger and taller statues, requiring the use of more wood, rope and food that quickly sold out.

Subsequently, the culture of the moai was replaced by other styles of art and culture of the Bird Man, which consisted of small statues also in stone, different from other moai, which contained the head of a bird and body of a man.

But the moai had not only religious or aesthetic functions, recent theories analyze other hypothesis that verify the existence of a strong magnetic field existing in that region, and a great propensity for storms, strong winds, and electrical discharges caused by thunder and lightning. Thus, in a true

mystic sense, perhaps it could be attributed a magical power, because the statues could also act as lightning rods. The hat of the statues made of porous volcanic material, would act as a receiving device and electrical charge dissipater, creating a halo of light.

What remains of this story are hundreds of gigantic stone-men, spread across the surface of a small island. They keep the same expression on their faces and seem to be watching the horizons since all time, with a distant and serene look, so they continue with their observation and guard of the territory, keeping secrets, while listening to the sea. And so they remain… colossal, imponent and unsoundable.

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Without a doubt, these eloquent memoirs challenge our imagination but they constitute one of the great monuments of human history and one of the Seven Wonders of the World.


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REFERENCES

INDEX PAG.X:


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Oil Painting – Moai – C.P.F. 2004

[9] - Wood Tablets engraved with Rongo-Rongo writing

[10] – Painting on stone, in underground caves

ILUSTRATION REFERENCES Image [1]:

Image [2]:

Image [3]:

Image [4]:

Image [5]:

Image [6]:

Image [7]:

Image [8]:

Image [9]:

Image [10]:

http://ab-imagensincriveis.blogspot.com/2009/04/ilha-de-pascoa-02-chile.html



http://rosanemalet.blogspot.com/2011/01/quero-ir-pra-ilha-de-pascoa.html

http://rosanemalet.blogspot.com/2011/01/quero-ir-pra-ilha-de-pascoa.html

http://ahistriaasreligieseatradioesotrica.blogspot.com/2011/03/ilha-de-pascoa-rapa-nui.html



http://www.dudutomaselli.com/petroglifos-arte-rupestre-da-ilha-de-pascoa/

http://www.dudutomaselli.com/petroglifos-arte-rupestre-da-ilha-de-pascoa/




http://tabernadoguerreiro.blogspot.com/2011/02/ilha-de-pascoa_02.html

http://tabernadoguerreiro.blogspot.com/2011/02/ilha-de-pascoa_02.html

http://masqueraioeisto.blogspot.com/2011/01/os-misterios-da-ilha-de-pascoa.html

http://masqueraioeisto.blogspot.com/2011/01/os-misterios-da-ilha-de-pascoa.html

http://ritinhablog.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/pascoa2.jpg

http://ritinhablog.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/pascoa2.jpg

http://todocanalplus.wordpress.com/2011/07/04/os-misterios-da-ilha-de-pascoa/

http://todocanalplus.wordpress.com/2011/07/04/os-misterios-da-ilha-de-pascoa/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Easter_Island_cave.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Easter_Island_cave.jpg

Documents

IMAGINING THE INSPIRATION - Artistic Concepts; Scientific