ILE OSAKA

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表紙

Hiroshi AZECHI and FIREX Project TeamInstitute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University

IAEA2012 2012. 10. 9.PHOTO: NASA/SDO

Present Status of Fast Ignition Realization EXperiment (FIREX) and Inertial Fusion Energy Development

ILE OSAKAFast Ignition Realization EXperiment

FIREX-I: Fast Heating to 5 keVFIREX-II: Ignition and Burn

So far, 1 keV achieved.Ignition temperature is not yet.

ILE OSAKA

～2030

LIFT: Power Generation

Strategy towards Fusion Power Generation～2010

FIREX-I: Ignition Temp

～2020

FIREX-II: Ignition&BurnFIREX-II

Atomic Energy Commission of Japan reported (Oct. 2005):

“Based on its (FIREX-I) achievement, decide whether it should be advanced to the second-phase program aiming at the realization of ignition and burning”

*Laboratory Inertial Fusion Test

ILE OSAKA

Are we ready?

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Reactor Core Plasma Electron Fast Ignition Impact IgnitionReactor Technology Elements

Alliance

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500 um

FIREX-I Integrated Expʼt

Time500 ps

Heating beam (LFEX) injection Heating time determination

X-ray image from cone side（Time integrated）

X-ray streak image（Time resolved）

Emission byImplosion

Emission byHeating laser

ILE OSAKAYield and Temperature have exceeded 2002 records.

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The coupling efficiency may be decreased at higher energy.

Neutron Yield Ion Temperature

20%

10%

5% 3% 20%10%

5%3%

! 2009 1ps! 2009 5ps

! 2009 1ps! 2009 5ps

★ 2010-2011 exp’t! 2002 results

Pre-

puls

e su

ppre

ssio

n

★ 2010-2011 exp’t! 2002 results ?

ILE, OsakaMagnetic Field Guiding of Hot Electron Stream

I

I

!"

B amplification by implosion

PIC simulationBZ = 0 T BZ = 10 kTBZ = 1 kT　

z

BZ BZ BZ

テキスト

B

Au cone

Coil

B

Implosion300 T 10 kT

Can one make high initial B field?

0 125 250 375 500 625

0

100

200

300

400

500

col

row

10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000

_20120607align_img

B!

Probe beam!(YAG@532 nm)!

λ/2 wave plate!

Wollaston prism!(divergence angle 5 deg)! Fused silica!

Band pass!filter!

Image lens 1!Iris!

Image lens 2!

photocathode slit!

GEKKO XII laser!

HA filter!

Visible streak camera!

wwILE, Osaka

Laser Driven Magnetic Field: Faraday rotation of initial B field

ww ww

Reference w/o B Streak image w/BTi

me

(ns)

01

23

4−１

01

23

4−１

Black outdue to silica damage

Tim

e (n

s)

GXII fire

Excess B field of ~kTesla (10 MGauss) is created.

Divergence, energy distribution and flux of e-beamby using x-ray convertor attached target.

Ta

GXII

LFEX

Spectrum, angular distribution, image of x-rays are measured.

e-

e-

e-

X ray

X ray

X ray

1 mm

PS shell

Collimating E-beam by strong-Bz

ILE, Osaka

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ILE, Osaka

Angular distribution of bremsstrahlung x-ray indicates collimation of electron beams by external B-field.!

中心

!

!"## !"##

Ta Ta

GXII

LFEX LFEX

0.01

2

468

0.1

2

468

1

2

4

Dos

e (P

SL)

1086420IP Layer Number

0.01

2

468

0.1

2

468

1

2

4

Dos

e (P

SL)

1086420IP Layer Number

Low hν high hν

20.9 deg.

69.0 deg.

77.6 deg.

Standard Au cone Ext. B-field

angle

Experimental Evidence of Impact IgnitionAzechi et al., PRL 102, 235002 (2009)

Initial main fuel shell

impactor shell

Compressed main fuelColliding impactorv > 1500 km/srho > 1-2 g/cc X 20

Impact ignition almost completely eliminates plasma physics uncertainty in fast ignition.

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Ignition takes place at 1700-km/s velocity and 50-g/cc impactor density.

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100-Fold Increase of Neutron Yield by Impactor Collision

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Neutron increases only at the right timing.

■：!"#$#%&'()*+&

▼：,-".#"'()*+&

/-001$1-%'2.1%3'4*$5

6#7

&"-%

'81#09

500

ps

Impactor

Recent data

Previous data

ILE OSAKA

Are we ready?

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Reactor Core PlasmaReactor Technology Elements Laser Target injection and tracking Reactor System

Alliance

ILE OSAKAPumping: from Flash Lamps to Laser Diodes

Laser DiodeFlash Lamps

Laser Diodes

Two remaining issues: Diode cost, Laser material

Broad emission spectraInefficient & low rep

Emission matches absorption line

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1x1.5 cm^25-kW module 15 k$!500 $

ILE OSAKAHigh-Rep Laser Program GEMBU

18mm

60mm

60mm

Laser Glasses Yb: YAG Cooled Ceramic Crystal

Several 100s increase of thermal conductivity enables 500 Hz rep rate, much higher than reactor requirement.

・Glass!Large optics・Glass!Very low thermal conductivity

・Crystal!High thermal cond.・Ceramic!Large optics

Laser medium: from glasses to ceramic crystal

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GENBU-Kid demonstrated 500 Hz operation.

ILE OSAKAMost Critical Elements of IFE Reactors Have Been Addressed or Demonstrated.

18日本のペレット製造技術は米国へ移転され，NIF点火用ターゲットのスペックを満足した．

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ペレット

Fast IgnitonReactor

大量生産例

日本のペレット製造技術は米国へ移転され，NIF点火用ターゲットのスペックを満足した．

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ペレット

Fast IgnitonReactor

大量生産例

Mass productionof targets

Target trackingTarget injection

v=30 m/s, 9000 fps (Movie:1/600)

KODAK, EKTAPRO 4540

!6, 0.2g Al (O.D.15x30)

10mm

no-deceleration

deceleration

ペレット

日米共同研究・Air gun方式・1km/s・10Hz

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アルミ製サボーペレット直径3mm

加熱ビーム注入用コーン

日本最高を出した女子エアーライフルの弾痕．

チャンバー中心でのペレット位置精度は100ミクロンが期待できる．

炉用に必要な精度 30-100ミクロンを保証するために・レーザー生成チャネルによる飛行の安定化・光学的全自動ビームステアリングを検討している．

Position measurement of 5 mm diameter target (z’ = 10 m, L = 10 cm)

Xc (

pixe

l)

!d (µm)

Reference value

" = 2.93 µm

Emax = - 8.06 µm

Measured value

Parallel beamXc (

pixe

l)

!d (µm)

Xc = 42.484 !d + 665.368

" = 0.06 µm

Emax = - 0.15 µm

Measured value

Diverging beam1-"m precision demonstrated

ILE OSAKAInjection, Tracking, and Beam Pointing are already demonstrated in EUV project.

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ILE OSAKAInjection, Tracking, and Beam Pointing are already demonstrated in EUV project.

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ILE OSAKAInjection, Tracking, and Beam Pointing are already demonstrated in EUV project.

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百発百中

ILE OSAKAIndustry’s Entering into IFE Field

Air & Water Jet Loom@ Toyota Techno Museum

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President Emeritus, Shoichiro Toyota, visited

ILE, Osaka

Wept injection: >10 Hz, 80 m/s <<mm accuracy

Toyota WashidaHirano Azechi

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International Alliance on IFE

LIFE Indirect drive HiPER Shock Ign.

Asia

EuropeUS

Japan

LIFT Fast Ign.

ILE OSAKASummary

•After 50 years from the innovation of lasers, it is an eve of the first controlled fusion burn in humankind.

•Compactness of fast ignition will accelerate inertial fusion energy development.

• IFE physic and engineering programs would converge onto an experimental reactor, such as LIFE, HiPER and LIFT, that will lift up people’s spirits.

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Get Together at IFSA2013 in NaraSeptember 8-13, 2013

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Get Together at IFSA2013 in NaraSeptember 8-13, 2013

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Get Together at IFSA2013 in NaraSeptember 8-13, 2013