I SCIENCE iIMAY 6, 1949III A BACKGROUND FOR BIOLOGICAL

STUDIES WITH RADIOIODINEI WILLIAM T. SALTER m

IIISTANDARDIZATION OF IRADIOACTIVE IODINE -

SERGEI FEITELBERG

INTERSTELLAR POLARIZATION,GALACTIC MAGNETIC FIELDS,AND FERROMAGNETISM

LYMAN SPITZER, JR. AND JOHN W. TUKEY

TECHNICAL PAPERS IBOOK REVIEWS

NEWS AND NOTES |

I| COMPLETE TABLE OF CONTENTS ON PAGE33VOLUME 109, NUMBER 2836

I Bold U

AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THEADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE

__ . r - . _-

m

m

FOR AMERICA'S LABORATORIES...

A New, Completely Direct-ReadingAnalytical Balance . .

BALANCE

. . weighs in one-third the timerequired by the usual balance.

Its control knobs are manipulatedto select built-in weights. Correspond-ing figures appear on the directreading scale.

Weights under 100 milligrams are

indicated automatically.

The Gram-atic Balance weighssamples up to 200 grams and hasconstant sensitivity throughout thisentire range.

For 115 and 230 volt 50-60 cycleA. C. . . . . . $975.00 each.

(1, 4 =~=i-- 0

5 Enis

inc

Fast (20 second weighing)Eliminates all weighthandlingBeam under constant loadOne-scale readingConstant sensitivityWeighs below 100 milligramsautomatically

Ltire weight of sampleread on direct-readingiicator.

Write for Folder No. 4G

Ma6,14,Vl 0 CEC

AMINO ACIDS

Amino acids, the nitrogenous components of proteins, are of vitalimportance to adequate growth, maintenance and repair of tissue.As a service to nutritional research, GBI offers the followingproducts in convenient-sized packages at an economical price:

DL-alpha alanineBeta alanineL-asparagineDL-aspartic acidL-arginine monohydrochlorideL-cystineL-cysteine hydrochlorideL-glutomic acidGlutamineGlycineL-histidine monohydrochioridoDL-homocystineHydroxy-L-prolineDL-isoleucine

DL-ieucineL-oucineL-lysine monohydrochlorideDL-mothionineDL-norloucineDL-ornithineDL-phonylaianineL-prolineDl-serineDL-threonineL-tryptophoneDL-tryptophoneL-tyrosineDL-valine

Write for our Descriptive Price List for complete infor-mation on diet materials, crystalline vitamins, microbio-logical media and miscellaneous biochemicals for research.

GENERAL DIOCREMICALS, INC.60 LABORATORY PARK CHAGRIN FALLS, OHIO

RI

1

lk

May 6, 1949, Vol. 109 SCIENCE

SCIENCE May 6, 1949, Vol. 109

dependable _ sensitive -.accurate rugged

ala Welch-Electrical Measuring Instruments

PORTABLELABORATORY STANDARDS * A.C. or D.C.

* PROMPT DELIVERY* PRECISE* DEPENDABLE

Designed and manufactured inthe Welch factory by skilledworkmen with many years ex-

perience in building high-grade

Electrical Measuring Instruments.

SPECIFICATIONS: Sapphire Jew-

els -High Carbon Tool Steel

Pivots-All metal parts are rust-proof-Alnico Magnets are usedin all Welch Meters.

SPECIAL METERSAVAILABLE ON ORDER.

PA.N EL-

METERS FOR PRODUCTION

| -SWITCH 5 M~~~ASTER MODELTYEW-NO. 3027

-SWITCHBOARD-

POWER HOUSE METERSNO

Write for

48 page

Meter

- Booklet MODEL NO. 350

MODEL NO. 3014

W. M. Welch Scientific Company1515 Sedgwick St., Dept. E Establshd 1880 1 Cluago 10, IlIlols. U.S.A.I

W~ M

K^nw Em.Pn~nww nwnwlw nwww~

SCIENCE May 6, 1949, Vol. 1092

SCIENCEVol. 109 No. 2836 Friday, May 6, 1949

AAAS- ED1TORIAL BOARD(Terms expire July 31, 1949)

Arthur C. Bevan, Edward U. CondonH. Bentley Glass

Malcolm H. Soule Everett S. \

George A. BaitsellEditor-in-ChiefBeth Wilson

Executive Editor of Science

F. A. Moulton. Advertising Representative

lallis

vCONTENT '

A Background for Biological Studieswith Radioiodine:

William T.Salter ............................. 453

Standardization of Radioactive Iodine:Sergei Feitelberg ........ ..................... 456

Interstellar Polarization, GalacticMagnetic Fields, and Ferromag-

netism: Lyman Spitzer, Jr., andJo h n W . Tukey ................................................................ 461

Technical PapersEffect of Swine Influenza Virus on the

Viscosity of the Egg-white Inhibitor ofHemagglutination:

Edward A.Eckert,et al 463

A New Human Hereditary Blood Property(Cellano) Present in 99.8% of all Bloods:

PhilipLevine, et al 464

A New Time Scale for Kyniograph Recording:FrederickFranz 466

Induction of Cytogenetic Changes and AtypicalGrowth by Hexachlorocyclohexane:Dontcho Kostoff ....................... 467

Rumen Bacteria in Cobalt-Deficient Sheep:LorraineGall,et al 468

Spectrophotometric Determination of AminoAcids by the Ninhydrin Reaction:William H. Fitzpatrick 469

Book ReviewsThe conquest and colonization of Yucatan,

1517-1550: Robert S. Chamberlain.Reviewed by Frank C. Hibben.470

Fatigue and impairment in man:

S. Howard Bartley and Eloise Chute.Reviewed by Josef Brozek .470

Scientific and industrial glass blowing and lab-oratory techniques: W. E. Barr andVictor J. Anhorn.Reviewed by Louis Navias ....471

The essentials of organic chemistry:C. W. Porter and T. D. Stewart.Reviewed by G. B. Bachman 471

Association Affairs... 472

News and Notes .473

Science, a weekly journal founded in 1880. is publishedeach Friday by the American Association for the Advance-ment of Science at the Business Press. 10 McGovern Ave..Lancaster, Pa. Editorial and Advertising Offices, 1515 Mlassa-chusetts Ave., N.W., Washington 5, D. C. Telephone. Execu-tive 6060. Cable address, SCIMAG, Washington. D. C.Entered as second-class matter at the Post Office at Lancaster.Pa., January 13, 1948, under the Act of March 3. 1879.Acceptance for mailing at the special rate postage providedfor in the Act of February 28, 1925, embodied in Paragraph 4.Sec. 538, P.L. and R., authorized January 13. 1948.

Manuscripts submitted for publication should be sent to theEditorial Office, with staml)ed, self-addressed envelope enclosedfor possible return. The AAAS assumes no responsibility forthe safety of the manuscripts or for the opinions expressedby contributors.Annual subscription, $7.50: single copies, $.25: foreign

postage, outside the Pan-American Union. $1.00: Canadian

postage, $.50. Remittances and orders for subscriptions andsingle copies should be sent to the Circulation Department,Science, 1515 Massachusetts Ave., N.W.' Washington 5. D. C.Membership correspondence for the AAAS should be addressedto the Administrative Secretary at the same address.

Chance of address.; Four, wee'd notice is required forchange of addres& This should be sent to Science Recorder.1515 Mlassachusetts Ave., N-.W., Washington 5. D. C. Wheno(ldering a change, it necessary to furnish an address stencillabel from a recent issue. Claims for a missing number willnot be allowed if received more than 60 days from date ofissue. No claims allowed from subscribers due to failure tonotify the Circulation Department of a change of address orbecause an issue is missing from their files, or for any reasonfrom subscribers in Central Europe, Asia, or the Pacific Islands(other than Hawaii).The AAAS also publishes The Scientific Monthly. Subscrip-

tion rates on request.

3

a _-

4 SCIENCE May 6, 1949, Vol. 109~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

EBERBACH

ELECTRONIC STIMULATORA compact, self-contained unit which provides a wide range of repeated, controlled, square

wave pulses of fixed duration for physiological and pharmacologicalexperiments and demonstrations

8099-D).

ELECTRONIC STIMULATOR, Eberbach. A compact, self-contained unitwhich provides a wide range of repeated, controlled, square wave pulses of fixed dura-tion for physiological and pharmacological experiments and demonstrations. Offered intwo executions, similar in appearance but with different pulse duration, pulse amplitude,and maximum output voltage. A control knob, with reference dial graduated from 0to 10, provides for varying the output voltage from zero to maximum. The pulse duration and voltageamplitude are independent of the repetition frequency, but the amplitude changes with the resistanceof the terminal load and the setting of the output control.

Model MV-1. With pulse duration of 1 millisecond, which duration has been found useful for test-ing nerve reactions. Selector switch, with eleven points, provides the following pulses persecond: 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128 and 256. Peak output, no load, is 200 volts, whichdrops to 155 volts with terminal load of 10,000 ohms, to 120 volts with 5000 ohms, and to 55volts with 1000 ohms.

Model MV-5. With pulse duration of 5 milliseconds, which duration has been found essentialfor muscle tissue reactions. Selector switch with ten points provides the following pulses persecond: 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128. Peak output, no load, is 240 volts, which dropsto 180 volts with terminal load of 10,000 ohms, to 150 volts with 5000 ohms, and to 65 voltswith 1000 ohms.

A multi-vibrator type electronic circuit is employed to generate the square wave pulse, which isfree from transients and reversal of polarity. The circuit includes Electronic Tubes 6J5, 6SN7GTand 5Y3GT. The control panel, in addition to the selector switch for setting the pulse frequency andknob for output voltage control, is supplied with neon glow lamp which flashes in synchronism withoutput pulses, stand-by output switch, twin binding posts, and on-off switch.

Complete in metal case with black finish and anodized aluminum panel, 9 inches wide x 6 incheshigh x 5 inches deep.8099-C. Electronic Stimulator, Eberbach, Model MV-1, as above described, with pulse duration

of 1 millisecond, for testing nerve reactions. Power consumption, 25 watts. Completewith 8 ft. connecting cord and plug; for use on 115 volts, 50 or 60 cycles, a.c. ... 91.00Net weight, 6 lbs. Shipping weight, 11 lbs. Code Word .Meuvu

8099-D. Ditto, Model MV-5, with pulse duration of 5 milliseconds, for muscle tissue reactions.Complete with 8 ft. connecting cord and plug; for use on 115 volts, 50 or 60 cycles,a.c...91.00

Net weight, 6 lbs. Shipping weight, 11 lbs. Code Word .Meuxq

ARTHUR H. THOMAS COMPANYRETAI L-WHOLESALE-EXPORT

LABORATORY APPARATUS AND REAGENTSWEST WASHINGTON SQUARE PHILADELPHIA 6, PA., U.S.A.

Cable Address, BALANCE, Philadelphiaa111

4 SCIENCE May 6, 1949, Vol. 109

A NEW TECHNICONmicroslide cabinet for

Fresh slides go directlyfrom laboratory -to -micro -

scopist-to-file, always inthe same light-weightmetal tray. Cabinet unitsare small enough to fiteasily on desk, and can bestacked with existing "LAB-AID" vertical slide-files.

As slides are freshly completed they are put at once into these com-partmented flat-filing trays. The slides are then handled, filed, anddried in the same tray: they need never be removed except for micro-scopic examination. Slides do not contact each other, drying is speedier,cover glasses stay put.

Complete visibility. Each specimen, with its identification data, standsout boldly against the neutral gray background of the tray floor... agreat convenience in the storage, distribution, and return-checking ofreference collections in classroom work.

Large capacity. Fifty drawers in each cabinet, with sixteen or thirty.two slides to the drawer. All-steel construction throughout, like allother Technicon "LAB-AID" microslide files.

YTECHNICON

flat-fiflingmicreslide cabinet

THE TECHNICON COMPANY215 East 149th St., New York 51, N. Y.

Send me particulars of "LAB-AID" flat-filing cabinets.

Addres-

Statet

In^at*al

'Lafty- ..I_

SCIENCE May 6, 1949, Vol. 109

TOP NOTCH SELECTIONS

INGLIS-Dynamis Principles of MeshaniesNewDnamic Principles of Mchanics

Intended for College Juniors and Seniors andfor first year graduate students, it presupposesa knowledge of general physics and calculus.Here are some of its important features; pri-mary emphasis on dynamics, first extensive useof vector terms and symbols, physical rather

than mathematical motivation. There arechapters on kinematics and dynamics of a par-ticle, inverse-square force and planetary mo-tion, statics, rotation of a rigid body, impact,and other subjects. A splendid book for anintensive one-term, or a two-term, course.

Order Now For Examination, $4.XJ

GRIFFIN

Inorganic Quantitative AnalysisA new text for a full two term course or, withadaptation, for a one semester course. Pre-supposes only a sound course in general chem-istry and qualitative analysis. Emphasis islaid on "the necessity of rigor without over-

whelming the student with a deluge ofminutiae. " First four chapters stress thenecessity for exactness and for a thorough un-

derstanding of the chief tools and factors in-fluencing the accuracy of results. Next thetheory and fundamentals of volumetric andgravimetric analysis are explored-laboratoryexperiments follow each discussion. A verycomplete book on the subject by Dr. Carrol W.Griffin of Vassar College.

Order Now For Examination, $4.50

GLATHART

Foley's College Physics (4th Edition)"Probably no textbook of college physics hasappeared in recent years that has had so greata following as Foley's College Physics. Thisis because of its forceful but simple style, cleardiscussions, superb figures, and excellent prob-lems . . ." Schoot Science & Mathematics.

The text includes all the usual contents com-nionly regarded as the core of general physics,but it is not stuffy and formal. It is designedfor students whose aim is a general knowledgeof science.

453 Illus., 703 Pages, $4.25

THE BLAKISTON COMPANY1012 Walnut Street, Philadelphia 5, Pa.

New

SCIENCE May 6, 1949, Vol. 1096

May 6, 1949, VoL 109 7

IOR YOUR FALL CLASSES

DUFF (and Contributors)

Physics(for Students of Science and Engineering)

The 8th revised edition of a tried and trulypopular text. Teachers of physics have showntheir approval by continued use. Authoredby a. selected group of specialists. Soundness

and accuracy assured. Covers Mechanics andProperties of Matter, Wave Motion, Heat, Elec-tricity and Magnetism, Sound, and Light.Problems are included at each chapter-end.

630 Illus., 715 Pages, $4.25

JONES

Inorganic ChemistryCan be used by groups with or without previ-otis chemistry study. Fundamental conceptsare clearly and logically set forth. Many newand helpful teaching devices used. New, well

integrated illustrations. Excellent practicalproblems, exercises and equations to be bal-anced. Portraits and biographical sketches ofoutstanding scientists given.

56 Portraits, 247 Illus., 866 Pages, $4.50

JONES

Laboratory Exercsesin Inorganic Chemistry

Designed to increase student's knowledge. offormulas, equations and apparatus. Frontsection contains exercises-latter section has

detachable sheets to be turned in. Illustra-tions show technics and set-ups for experi-ments.

20 Illus., 315 Pages, $2.25

Order an Examination Copy Now-and Select Your Fall Texts. Use Handy Coupon Below.

Please send the items checked; l my check is enclosed j charge my account. It is understoodthat you will credit my account in full for any books that I wish to return within 10 days.

El Inglis' Dynamic Principles of Mechanics f: Griffin's Inorganic Quantitative AnalysisO Glathart's Foley's College Physics D Duff's Physics [ Jones' Inorganic ChemistryO Jones' Laboratory Exercises in Inorganic Chemistry

NAME ..... ADDRESS .......... ....

... ............................S 5-6-49

May 6, 1949, Vol. 109 SCIENCE 7

SCIENCE May 6, 1949, VoL 109

TWO IMPORTANTSPECTROGRAPHIC TOOLS FOR

J/88tef Shad81t/ 6/26/ /n.o

HIGH VOLTAGE EXCITATIONWITH SAFETY* With the B&L Safety Arc & Spark Standyoucan usehigh voltagefrom 2,000 to 5,000 at2 to 10 amperes for excitation with safety. Allparts carrying current are enclosed in a cylin-drical chamber, thoroughly insulated andtotally inaccessible from the outside exceptby one opening. When the door is open elec-tric current is automatically shut off. In addi-tion tocomplete safety,analysis bythecathodelayer type of illumination is facilitated.

POWDERS TO PELLETSIN A JIFFY* Quickly turning granular materials, hack-saw dust, drill chips and the like into solidpellets for spectrographic analysis is the func-tion of the B&L Briquetting Press. The use ofthis ruggedly built machine also makes pos-sible analysis of such substances as thin sheetmetals and fine wires, fireclay, coal ash, rocksand minerals, plant and animals tissue ash,etc. Pellets formed will withstand arc andspark excitation without loss of material.

Wf/rit} for literature and demonstration to Bausch & Lomb Optical Company,642-E St. Paul St., Rochester 2, N. Y.

Bausch & Lomb4Yse0Y A soies

May 6, 1949, Vol. 1098 SCIENCE