Energy-efficient Routing Protocols In Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract:The last few years have seen a surge in the awareness of energy efficiency in

many fields, including the networking community. As an answer towards such

demands the IEEE has just released the 802.3az norm that provides a way for

Ethernet physical interfaces to enter a low power mode when there is no traffic to

send. At the same time there are starting to appear proposals for how to govern the

physical interface state between active and low power modes. Among them, the

burst transmission method stands out for its simplicity and good performance in

several simulation studies. In this paper we provide an accurate analytical model

for this method that helps to gain insight in its configuration parameters.Client-

server computing or networking is a distributed application architecture that

partitions tasks or workloads between service providers (servers) and service

requesters, called clients. Often clients and servers operate over a computer

network on separate hardware. A server machine is a high-performance host that is

running one or more server programs which share its resources with clients. A

client also shares any of its resources; Clients therefore initiate communication

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sessions with servers which a wait (listen to) incoming requests.A message

overhearing and forwarding mechanism, called Random-Cast, this makes a

judicious balance between energy and network performance. In Random Cast, a

node may decide not to overhear (a unicast message) and not to forward (a

broadcast message) when it receives an advertisement, thereby reducing the energy

cost without deteriorating the network performance.

Existing System:- Mobile ad-hoc networking involves peer-to-peer communication in a

network with a dynamically changing topology.

Achieving energy efficient communication in such a network is more

challenging than in cellular networks since there is no centralized

arbiter such as a base station that can administer power management.

A major focus of research in ad-hoc wireless networking is to reduce

energy consumption because the wireless devices are envisioned to

have small batteries.

We show that this power control loop reduces energy consumption per

transmitted.

Disadvantages:- The application of convex optimization techniques to beam

forming problems has been proven very successful.

We will also consider distributed implementations for a restricted

class of problems using dual decomposition methods and

consensus.

We evaluate a power control loop, similar to those commonly

found in cellular networks, for ad-hoc wireless networks.

Proposed System:- We develop an analytic model of this method to quantify the energy

savings that it can achieve.

The burst transmission method stands out for its simplicity and good

performance in several simulation studies

We provide an accurate analytical model for this method that helps to

gain insight in its configuration parameters.

Several measures of network’s lifetime have been proposed in the

literature and references there in attending to different criteria.

Advantages:- The radiation pattern are insightful they only hold asymptotically when the

number of nodes is very large.

Several distributed beamforming approaches have been proposed for the

network relay-beamforming scenario.

The distributed beamforming problem with QoS constraints where the

metric to be optimized is the network’s lifetime.

Hardware Requirements:- SYSTEM : Pentium IV 2.4 GHz

HARD DISK : 40 GB

RAM : 256 MB

Software Requirements:- Operating system : Windows 7

IDE : Microsoft Visual Studio 2010

Database : Sql server 2005

Coding Language : C#.NET.