13. ACOUSCOMPUTAT13. ACOUSCOMPUTAT13. ACOUS

13. ACOUSCOMPUTAT13. ACOUSCOMPUTAT13. ACOUS

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COMPUTAT12. FIBER COMPUTAT12. FIBER COMPUTAT12. FIBER COMPUTAT12. FIBER

12. FIBER 12. FIBER 12. FIBER 12. FIBER 12. FIBER 12. FIBER

COMPUTAT02. NOISECOMPUTAT02. NOISECOMPUTAT02. NOISECOMPUTAT02. NOISECOMPUTAT02. NOISE

02. NOISECOMPUTAT02. NOISE

* COMPUTAT02. NOISE10. DIGI10. DIGI10. DIGI

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COMPUTAT06. TX LIN06. TX LIN06. TX LIN05. WAVEP07. ANTEN05. WAVEP

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COMPUTAT11. DATA11. DATA11. DATA11. DATA11. DATA11. DATA15. BROAD14. TELEP14. TELEP14. TELEP14. TELEP14. TELEP14. TELEP

COMPUTAT14. TELEPCOMPUTAT14. TELEP

14. TELEP14. TELEP14. TELEP14. TELEP

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14. TELEP14. TELEP14. TELEP14. TELEP

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COMPUTAT15. BROAD15. BROAD15. BROAD15. BROAD

COMPUTAT15. BROAD15. BROAD

COMPUTAT15. BROADCOMPUTAT15. BROAD

15. BROAD15. BROAD

COMPUTAT10. DIGI08. MICRO

COMPUTAT08. MICROCOMPUTAT08. MICRO

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COMPUTAT07. ANTEN07. ANTEN07. ANTEN07. ANTEN07. ANTEN07. ANTEN07. ANTEN09. SATCO09. SATCO09. SATCO09. SATCO

COMPUTAT09. SATCOCOMPUTAT09. SATCOCOMPUTAT09. SATCO

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COMPUTAT05. WAVEP05. WAVEP05. WAVEP

COMPUTAT17. BIOME17. BIOME

COMPUTAT17. BIOME17. BIOME17. BIOME

COMPUTAT17. BIOME17. BIOME17. BIOME17. BIOME

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COMPUTAT17. BIOME17. BIOME17. BIOME

COMPUTAT17. BIOME17. BIOME17. BIOME17. BIOME17. BIOME17. BIOME10. DIGI10. DIGI10. DIGI10. DIGI

COMPUTAT10. DIGICOMPUTAT10. DIGI

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COMPUTAT01. BASICCOMPUTAT02. NOISECOMPUTAT03. AMCOMPUTAT01. BASIC

01. BASIC* COMPUTAT04. FM

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COMPUTAT06. TX LINCOMPUTAT06. TX LIN

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COMPUTAT03. AMCOMPUTAT03. AM

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COMPUTAT05. WAVEP16. CIRCUI02. NOISE

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COMPUTAT10. DIGI10. DIGI10. DIGI

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COMPUTAT10. DIGICOMPUTAT10. DIGI

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COMPUTAT04. FM11. DATA

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COMPUTAT07. ANTENCOMPUTAT07. ANTEN

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COMPUTAT11. DATA

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COMPUTAT12. FIBER

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COMPUTAT11. DATA11. DATA

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COMPUTAT04. FMCOMPUTAT11. DATA

09. SATCOCOMPUTAT14. TELEP

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COMPUTAT05. WAVEPCOMPUTAT05. WAVEP

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08. MICRO05. WAVEP05. WAVEP08. MICRO05. WAVEP05. WAVEP14. TELEP14. TELEP15. BROAD15. BROAD15, BROAD

QUESTIONAn acoustical phenomenon wherein the sound continues to persist after the cause of sound has stoppeA group of filters has 1/3 octave of spacing. If the initial frequency is 25 Hz, what is the next frequency+ 26 dBu is how many volts? A type of microphone that uses the principle of a capacitor as a means of transduction. It uses a polDetermine the sound power in Watts produced by the banks alarm if a by-stander heard the alarm at A loudspeaker produces an SPL of 85dB-SPL at 1 meter distance and input electrical power of 1 W. How A number from 0 to 1 representing the ability of a surface material to absorb sound energy is knownThe difference in dB between the loudest level of sound and the softest passage of sound is known aThe most common light used in fiber-optic links isIn the telecommunications industry, the most commonly used fiber(s) areThe abrupt change in refractive index from core to cladding of fiber-optic cable is called theA technique that is used to minimize the pulse dispersion effect is toWhich is not an important characteristic of a light detector?The dispersion of light in fiber-optic cable caused by a portion of the light energy traveling in the cladRecent laser developments for fiber-optic communication includeWhich of the following considerations is important when deciding between using a diode laser or an In 1815, the correct explanation of diffraction was given byIt is the central part of the optical communication systemlight energy that is always emitted or absorbed in discrete unitsWhich of the following Ethernet fiber optic standard uses synchronous, Centralized Clock?It is a mixed, multiple-service standard to allow the transmission of voice and video over an FDDJ neIt is a layer of plastic that surrounds a fiber or group of fibersAn optic fiber is made of glass with a refractive index of 1.55 and is clad with another glass with a rAn optic fiber is made of glass with a refractive index of 1.55 and is clad with another glass with a rFor a single-mode optical cable with 0.25-dB/km loss, determine the optical power 100km from a 0.1For an optical fiber 10km long with a pulse-spreading constant of 5ns/km, determine the maximum digiIn fiber optics, it is a measure of the conversion efficiency of a photodetector. It is the ratio of theA phenomenon also called stress corrosion resulting if the glass fiber is exposed to long periods of hThe theory which states that when visible light or high-frequency electromagnetic radiation illuminateThe science of measuring only light waves that are visible to the human eyeThe process of constructing an ILD that is similar to LED except that the ends are highly polished.A phenomenon in optical fibers communication system that is caused by the difference in the propagatFor an electronic device operating at a temperature of 17C with a bandwidth of 10 kHz, determine tA 300 resistor is connected across the 300 antenna input of a television receiver. The bandwidth ofThe signal power at the input to an amplifier is 100W and the noise power is 1 W. At the output, thIt is desired to operate a receiver with NF = 8dB at S/N = 15 dB over a 200-KHz bandwidth at ambient A Satellite receiving system includes a dish antenna ( Teq = 35 K) connected via a coupling network Equivalent temperature of a passive system having the same noise power output of a given system. The noise voltage produced across a 50 is input resistance at a temperature of 302C with a bandwidDetermine the worst-case output S/N for a broadcast FM program that has a maximum intelligence freThe technique that uses the BPSK vector relationship to generate an output with logical 0s and 1s dA special digital modulation technique that achieves high data rates in limited-bandwidth channels isFSK systems are much superior to two-tone amplitude-modulation systems with respect to

Using an oscilloscope to display overlayed received data bits that provide information on noise, jitter, The type of radio transmission that uses pseudorandomly switched transmissions is known asThe acronym CDMA refers to ________.The acronym OFDM refers to ________.Using radio to transmit gathered data on some particular phenomenon without human monitors is kThe acronym for the form of data transmission in which the modulating wave shifts the output betwePseudorandom implies a sequence that can be _____ but has the properties of randomness.______ implies that both analog and digital signals share the same channel bandwidth.Telemetry may be defined as _____ metering.OTA is an acronym for ________.Why isn't Morse code well suited to today's telegraphic equipment?Which is not a type of pulse modulation?PPM and PWM are superior to PAM systems inHalf-duplex operation involves communicationA procedure that decides which device has permission to transmit at a given time is calledThe bit error rate isThe major difficulty faced by delta modulators isThe AT&T T1 linesIn regards to ATM, the cell rate is variable with _____ service class.The ground wire in a USB cable is ______.A(n) ________ is used to allow a digital signal to be transmitted on an analog channel.The bit ________ is the amount of power in a digital bit for a given amount of time.The relationship for bit rate to ________ bandwidth is defined by the Shannon-Hartley theorem.________ T1 indicates that only a portion of the data bandwidth of a T1 line is being used.The acronym ________ is used to represent the technique that transports data from multiple users ovA class ________ amplifier includes a PWM generator.The acronym ________ refers to peripheral computer equipment such as a modem, printer, or mouse.The ________ source is the heart of both the encoder and decoder in radio-telemetry.The advantage(s) of digital and/or data communications over analog includeIn an S/H circuit, the time that it must hold the sampled voltage is

Which of the following is not a common RZ code?A(n) ________ is a single LSI chip containing both the ADC and DAC circuitry.The NRZ digital signal-encoding format has a ________ component in the waveform.ReedSolomon codes utilize a technique called ________ to rearrange the data into a nonlinear orderiThe electric field intensity is measured in:It is a result of an increase in the charge density in dielectric materials.It refers to the maximum antenna gain.

Typical mode of radiation of helical antenna is:The electric field is perpendicular to the earths surface, the polarization is:In what major RF band is ground wave basically applied?A measure of mismatch in a transmission lineThe highest frequency that can be set back to earth by the ionosphere, if wave is sent vertically upw

Error signals associated with the sampling process are called

The maximum horizontal distance between the transmitter and the receiver for line of sight propagation is known as:

Travel in a straight line from the transmitting antenna to the receiving antenna.VLF waves are for some types of services becauseIt is the distance between two wave fronts having the same phase at any given instant.It is a piece of transmission line which is normally short-circuited at the far end.A 50 ohms transmission line is connected to a 30 ohm resistive load. Calculate the reflection coefficiThe characteristic impedance of a transmission line does not depend upon its Characteristic impedance of a transmission line is the impedance measured at the _______ when its lenWhich region of the ionosphere is mainly responsible for long-distance night time communications?Which is properly terminated antenna?Occurs when the radio beam is at point of grazing over an obstacle. A microwave communications system, space loss calculation formula isIs an OSI Layer which is responsible for providing error-free communications across the physical linIs the ratio of the largest possible magnitude to the smallest possible magnitude that can be decodedIs a PCM system which uses a single bit PCM code to achieve digital transmission of analog signals.Is a redundancy error detection scheme that uses parity to determine if a transmission error has ocIs an n-bit data register inside the UART that keeps track of the UARTs transmit and receive buffer reIs an access method used primarily with LANs configured in a bus topology.IP version 4 address length isIs a multiport bridge that provides bridging function.Is a device which operates in the Network layer and it makes forwarding decisions on the basis of neOC-1 (STS-1) line rate isIs one in which all computers share their resources with all the other computers on the network. Is used to interface DTEs to digital transmission channels

Is an empirical record of a systems actual bit error performance Is an error-correcting code used for correcting transmission errors in synchronous data streams.As per Philippine standard, frequency allocation of AM Radio Broadcasting is fromIdentical telephone numbers in different parts of a country are distinguished by their ___.Telephone traffic is measured ____.In a cellular telephone system, each cell site contains a ____.When the signal from a mobile cellular unit drops below a certain level, what action occurs?In a cellular telephone system, group of cells is called ___. In Celluar Telephone Systems, these are transmissions from base stations to mobile units (Downlink)A CDMA mobile measures the signal strength from the base as -100 dBm. What should the mobile transA telephone signal takes 2ms to reach its destination. Calculate the via net loss required for an accThe typical voltage across a telephone when on-hook is: Central offices are connected by: In telephony, call blocking is:The cable used for local loops in telephone system is mainly:In DTMF, the four vertical frequencies are ____.In DTMF, the Horizontal frequencies areIn Celluar Telephone Systems, these are transmissions from mobile units to base stations (Uplink)In DTMF, the horizontal frequencies is also known asIn DTMF, the Vertical frequencies is also known asThe bandwidth of voice-grade signals on a telephone system is restricted in order to:

probability of error.

This is the highest-ranking office in the DDD network in telephony in terms of the size of the geograpIn Cellular Radio, AMPS stand for:In Cellular Radio, BSC stands for:In Cellular Radio, MSC stands for:In GSM, voice channels are called:In Mobile Communications, GSM uses:In Mobile Communications, IMSI stands for:Part of broadcasting in a day that refers to that period of time between 1000 UTC to 2200 UTC. UTC sAn AM broadcast service area in which groundwave field of 1mV/m (60dBu) is not subject to objectionIn antenna mast or tower construction, the required obstruction painting and/or lighting must be imRegarding the design of AM antenna, what should be the polarization of the radiator?As per Phillipine standard, what is the minimum frequency separation in any service area for adjacenWhat is the maximum power allowable for remote pick-up stations used as broadcast auxillary servicWhat is the classification of an FM station having an ERP not exceeding 30kW?What is the modulation used for the stereophonic subcarrier of FM composite baseband signal?What is the pilot subcarrier frequency used in FM stereophonic transmission?The output power of an FM transmitter is 5 kW. If the power loss in transmission line is around 10 W Frequency allocation of FM broadcast in the PhilippinesWhat is the color TV system adopted by the Philippines?Exact value of color subcarrier frequency (MHz) is Determine the visual carrier frequency of TV channel 9.What is the maximum allowable ERPs for channels 7 13 in Metro Manila and Metro Cebu?At NTSC standard, the number of lines per frame = ________ lines/frameAt NTSC standard, line frequency = 15734.264 Hz. What is the equivalent line period?Nominal RF bandwidth of NTSC TV channelA land mobile station used for the transmission of TV program materials and related communications For a total capacity of 36 Mbps and 64-QAM of digital modulation, what is the ideal RF bandwidth? What is the mode of radio wave propagation that utilized ionosphere as a medium of transmission and What is the wavelength of a radio signal travelling at a frequency of 220 MHz in a coaxial line having What is the angle of refraction in a Teflon (r2 = 2) medium of a radio wave from air (r1 = 1.0) if itsAn ionosphere layer also termed as absorption layer because it absorbs most of the frequencies aAs per ITU-R Recc. V.431-6 Tables 1 & 2 Wavelength Classifications, what is the classification of SupWhat is a diversity scheme that uses two (2) separate antennas and receivers for each single transmiWhat is a diversity scheme that uses two (2) different frequencies in a simplex path?What is the critical frequency of a layer if the maximum value of electron density is 2 x 106 per cm3?A radio communication link is to be established via the ionosphere. The maximum virtual height of the The power density is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source. This law The lowest portion of the ionosphere that is useful for long-distance communication by amateurs; abA graph which shows the radiation in actual field strength of electromagnetic fields at all points whThe efficiency of an antenna is 82 %. Its radiation resistance is 30 . What is the value of its loss reA phenomenon on the surface of the sun with appearance and disappearance of dark irregularly shapWhat should be done to increase the transmission distance at frequencies higher than HF bands?Which of the following factors must be considered in the transmission of a surface wave to reduce atA radio station operates at 11 meter wavelength. What is the designated band of stations frequencyWhat is the total radio horizon distance between an 80 ft transmitting station and a 20 ft receiving st

A power density of 1.57 x 10-4 W/m2 is measured 50 meters from a test antenna whose directive gai The angular separation between the two half-power points on the power density radiation pattern.Refers to the direction in space of electric vector of the electromagnetic wave radiated from an antennPlacing a metallic array on the antenna effects to increase the current at the base of the antenna, anWhat principle that states that the properties of an antenna are independent of whether it is used forCalculate the beam width between nulls of a 2-m paraboloid reflector used at 6GHz. Note: such reflecThis is often used to cure the problem of great thickness required of lenses used at lower microwave A structure-generally metallic and sometimes very complex-designed to provide an efficient coupling The ratio comparing the power density generated by a practical antenna in some direction, with that Any array that is directional at right angles to the plane of the array is said, by inference, to have ___The ratio of the focal length to the mouth diameter is called __________ of the parabola, just as in caCorresponds to a resonant transmission line, and the dipole antennas describe so far have been resoGeostationary satellites are located at ____ with respect to the equator.The quality of a space-link is measured in terms of the ______ ratio. Why does the downlink frequency appear to vary by several kHz during a low earth orbit satellite pasThe most ambitious LEO constellation to date is ______.A satellite-dish owner has a 3 meter dish designed for C-band (4 GHz) operation. The owner wants toThe moon orbits the earth with a period of approximately 28 days. How far away is it? Assume circularWhat is the length of the path to a geostationary satellite from an Earth station if the angle of elevatiWhat is the nominal uplink frequency for the Ku band?To cover all inhabited regions of the earth, the number of polar-orbit satellites required isThe height above mean sea level of a satellite in a geosynchronous orbit around Earth is:The location of a satellite is generally specified in terms ofA point in the orbit of an object orbiting the earth that is located closest to Earth.Find the velocity of a satellite in a circular orbit 500 km above the earths surface.Find the orbital period of a satellite in a circular orbit 36,000 km above the earths surface if the earThe outline of a communications satellite antenna pattern on the earth is known as:

A satellite access technique where each earth station transmits a short burst of information during a sAn earth station antenna look angle is determined by :An ITU radiocommunication standards for satellite services which provides information on the range ofThe highest frequency that can be used for skywave propagation between two specific points on earthVariation in signal loss caused by natural weather disturbances.Determine the radio horizon for a transmit antenna that is 200 m high and a receiving antenna that The height above the earths surface from which a refracted wave appears to have been reflectedElectromagnetic waves that are directed above the horizon level.A mammography service examined 327 patients during the third calendar quarter of 1996. 719 films wA type of luminescence where the visible light is emitted only during the stimulation of the phosphor.If a heart measures 12.5 cm from side to side at its widest point, and its image on chest radiograph Radiation doses in the range of approximately200 to 1000 rad produce theRatio of incident to transmitted radiation through a grid ratio of patient dose with and without gridA radiographic single-phase unit installed in a private office has a maximum capacity of 100 millisWho completes the development of first computed tomographic (CT) scanner (EMI, Ltd.) in 1973?It is the study of the response of an image receptor to x-raysRatio of radiographic contrast with a grid to that without a grid

(earths radius = 6400 km, height of satellite above earth is 36 X 103 km)

Analysis of persons irradiated therapeutically with superficial x-rays has shown that the skin erythemECG recording requires a bandwidth of 0.05 to ____ HzFind the potential generated if blood flowing in a vessel with radius 0.9 cm cuts a magnetic field ofPeriod during which heart contracts.Apparatus for measuring blood pressureGiven the energy level of 6.624x10^-18 J imparted to an electron stream by an X-ray device, calculaIt was first noted by Heinrich Hertz in 1887 and won Albert Einstein the Nobel Prize in 1905. It refersUnit of radiation exposure or amount of X-ray radiation that will produce 2.08x10^9 ion pairs per cubAn optical electronic device that measures the color concentration of a substance in solution. Recording of heart soundsRecorder for measuring galvanic skin resistanceIt consists of 36 unique codes representing the 10 digits and 26 uppercase lettersThe first fixed- length character code developed for machines rather than for peopleThe early pioneer in the development of error-detection and correction proceduresThe most reliable convolutional coding scheme for error detection

A signal at the input to a mu-law compressor is positive with its voltage one-half the maximum valInaccuracies caused by the representation of a continuously varying quantity as one of a number of dCircuit for digitizing voice at a low data rate by using knowledge of the way in which voice sounds aA coding scheme that records the change in signal level since the precious sampleDistortion created by using too low a sampling rate when coding an analog signal for digital transmisA network with bandwidth of 10 Mbps can pass only an average of 12000 frames per minute with eachA telephone subscriber line must have an SNRdB above 40. What is the minimum number of bits?The thick coaxial cable implementation of standard EthernetA bit pattern or a character added to the beginning and the end of a frame to separate the framesAn IPv4 has an address space of how many?What is the bit rate of STS 1?A block coding technique in which four bits are encoded into a five bit codeA national standards organization that defines standards in the United StatesIn asynchronous transmission, one or more bits to indicate the end of transmissionWhat is the overhead (number of extra bits) in the DS-3 service? The minimum sampling rate according to Nyquist TheoremIt is used in wireless applications in which stations must be able to share the medium without interAn error detection method which uses ones complement arithmeticIt is a connecting device between two internetworks that use different modelsIt is an undesired shift or width change in digital bits of data due to circuitry action which causes bits In PCM system, it is the ratio of the maximum input voltage level to the smallest voltage level that cA multiplexer combines four 100-kbps channels using a time slot of 2 bits, determine the frame duratDetermine the Hamming distance for the codewords ( 10101, 11001)An address space is the total number of addresses used by the protocol, such as IPv4 and IPv6. Wha

A computer monitor has a resolution of 1200 by 1000 pixels. If each pixel uses 1024 colors, how manBy how much should two antennas be separated for space diversity in the 11 GHz band? What is the phase velocity of a rectangular waveguide with a wall separation of 3 cm and a desired fA transmitter and a receiver is 45 km apart. Suppose that there is an obstacle midway between the t

N = 1.2 x 10e-14`W B = 120 kHz

network to talk to computers/terminals connected to the internet

How far from the transmitter could a signal be received if the transmitting and receiving antennas wA signal propagated in a waveguide has a full wave of electric intensity change between two further wAn isolator has a forward loss of 0.7 dB and a return loss of 26 dB. A source provides 1 W to the isolaAn isolator has a forward loss of 0.7 dB and a return loss of 26 dB. A source provides 1 W to the isolIt is a microwave device that allows RF energy to pass through in one direction with very little loss, A metal wrapped around the parabolic antenna aperture to eliminate sidelobes interfering nearby statiThe wavelength of a wave in a waveguide _________.The sensitivity of a radio receiver is given in terms of dBm. If the receiver is receiving 200 mW, whatAn antenna with a noise temperature of 75 Kelvin is connected to a receiver input with a noise tempeThe modulation index of an AM radio station is 0.75. If the carrier power is 500W, what is the total tAn FM transmitter system is using a 1MHz crystal oscillator to generate a very stable 108MHz final carriA/an _______ is a range of frequency in which the upper frequency is double the lower frequency. Determine the worst-case output S/N for a narrowband FM receiver with deviation maximum of 10 kHzA small variable capacitance in parallel with each section of ganged capacitor is called _______.How many wavelengths long are required for a pair of conductors to be considered as a transmission Determine the time taken for a signal to travel down a 10 m transmission line, if its velocity factor is The maximum voltage standing wave of an RG-11/U foam coaxial cable is 52 V and its minimum voltagAt exactly one-quarter wavelength, the short-circuited transmission line behaves as a(an) ___________ Determine the phase-shift represented by a 75 ns delay of a 4 MHz signal to a 75-ft cable with a dieleWhich of the following is a flat conductor separated by an insulating dielectric from a large ground pOne complete revolution around a Smith Chart represents _________ wavelengths.A mismatched transmission line is also referred to as a ___________ line.It is the ratio of the speed of propagation on a line to that of light in free-space.Which of the following is the most widely used UTP cable that can carry baseband data at rates up The modulated peak value of a signal is 125V and the unmodulated carrier value is 85V. What is theThe total transmitted power of an AM broadcast transmitter with a carrier power of 50kW when modulOne of the advantages of DSB is the savings of great deal of power. Which of the following is the reasIf the input in a transmitter is collector-modulated, the system is called a _______________________.The input to an FM receiver has a S/N of 2.8. What is the frequency deviation caused by the noise ifWhat circuit is used to return the frequency response of a signal to its normal, flat level?It is the most common means of overcoming the problems of quantizing error and noise.________________ means that the characteristics and performance of an antenna are the same whether Which of the following methods is used to lower the resonant frequency of a shortened vertical anteCalculate the gain (relative to an isotropic) of a parabolic antenna that has a diameter of 3 m, an efIt is a phenomenon caused by any support insulators used at the ends of the wire antennaA series of pulses in which the amplitude of each pulse represents the amplitude of the information siCombination of compression at the transmitter and expansion at the receiver of communications sysA device launches or receives a wave in a transmission line or waveguide in one direction only.A type of linear-beam microwave tube that uses velocity modulation of the electron beam_______________ is used to position samples of the different message signals in non-overlapping time sA ___________ is similar to a phasor diagram except that the entire phasor is not drawn.It was the first fixed length character code.It involves transmitting each character twice.The __________ provides the mathematical justification for using a Gaussian Process as a model for a A set of communication facilities allowing direct access to 64kpbs data streams (or multiples of) for d

A series of pulses, in which the timing of each pulse represents the ampltitude of the information signA line of sight radio link operating at a frequency of 6GHz has a separation of 40km between anten Variation in received field strength over time due to changes in propagation conditions.Which of the following antenna types is not designed for transmitting at 10 GhzThe type of radio wave responsible for long distance communications by multiple skips is the: Line of sight communications is not a factor in which frequency range?It refers to the rate of change of a signal on the transmission medium after encoding and modulationIt was the first fixed-length character code developed for machines rather than people.A receiver-transmitter station used to increase the communications range of VHF, UHF and microwave It is a term that is often misunderstood and commonly confused with bit rate (bpsDefined as the optimum level of a test tone on a channel at same point in a communication system.Duplicating each data unit for the purpose of detecting errors is a form of error detection called _____Determine the wavelength of a 4 Ghz signal.What is the device that converts energy from one form to another? It may be defined as any undesired voltages or currents that ultimately end up appearing in the rece The channel capacity of a 5 kHz bandwidth binary system is ____ bits/s. Assuming no noise.Microwaves are frequencies above _____ GHz.The government agencies that regulates radio communications in the US is the ________.A wave guide acts a/an _______ filterCoax is not used beyond frequencies of about ______ GHz.Data Communications refers to the transmission of ________.Determine the peak frequency deviation for a binary FSK signal with a mark frequency of 49 kHz, spaIt is often used to compare the performance of one digital modulation technique to another.It is the process of converting an infinite number of possibilities to a finite number of conditions.For a PCM system with a maximum analog frequency of 4kHz, determine the minimum sample rate.It is another relatively simple form of redundancy error checking where each character has a numericaIt is a modulation and multiplexing technique that distributes the signal and its sidebands over a veThe computers that hold shared files, programs and the network operating system. They also provide aIt is defined by the ITU-T as a service that provides transmission channels capable of supporting tranIt is the only error-correction scheme that actually detects and corrects transmission errors when theThis OSI Layer is responsible for network availability, data storage and processor capacity. It also de

What do you call the accumulation of additional sounds such as wind, street noise, other voices that It is a single transmission path from transmitter to receiver with line of sight range.The process of combining multiple audio signals into one track is called?The speed of sequence of musical notes is called?If the frequency of a sound is increased, what will happen to its pitch?A type of microwave protection system where each working channel has a dedicated back up or sparAlso known as Pin 21 of the RS-232 interface on D connector, this connection allows signals to be tranWhat is the process in which the system adapts to the incoming audio level to keep the signal large ______ which means that 2 or more bits in the data unit have changed.?It is a four-wire Gigabit Ethernet implementation.It is a digital process that allows several connections to share the high bandwidth of a link.IEEE 802.11 is define in which MAC sublayer?It is the oldest microwave tube design which is commonly used in radar transmitters where they can

from nearby objects.

A modulation process wherein both frequence and phase remains constant while the amplitude chanIt is the most powerful redundancy checking technique which is based on binary division.In pulse-code modulation, it translates the quantized samples into digital code words.It is an error detection technique in which a redundant bit is appended to every data unit so that the A local area network topology in which the individual terminal, microcomputers or workstations are cThe only way to achieve high data rates with a narrowband channel is to increase the number of bitsFind the maximum dynamic range for a linear PCM system using 16-bit quantizing.Compute the baud rate for a 72000 bps 64-QAM signal.A telephone signal takes 2ms to reach its destination. Calculate the via net loss required for an accTelephone switch that connects only to other switches, and not to individual customers. It is a form of digital modulation similar to PSK except the digital information is contained in both amThe most common circuit used for demodulating binary FSK signals.We have an audio signal with a bandwidth of 4KHz.What is the bandwidth needed if we modulate the We have an audio signal with a bandwidth of 4 MHz. what is the bandwidth if we modulate the signal

A network topology in which data circulates from one computer to the next in sequence.Find the maximum dynamic range for linear PCM system using 8-bit quantizingWhat frequencies would be generated by a telephone using DTMF signalling, when the number 8 is pIt is a means of transmitting data by shifting the phase angle of the transmitted signal.The name given for a set of standards for communicating among computers in which the primary purpAny transmission system which conveys more than one signal simultaneously can experience this type What type of digital modulation scheme uses two or more different output frequencies?It is an error-correcting code used for correcting transmission errors in synchronous data streams. A suite of protocols that allows a wide variety of computers to share the same network.Noise that is primarily caused by lightning. Often called as Static Noise.A modulation technique in which the frequency of the modulated signal varies with the amplitude of Is a form of constant amplitude angle modulation similar to standard frequency modulation except tThe highest layer in the hierarchy and is analogous to the general manager of the network by providWhat is the equation for Hartleys Law?Network topology wherein individual terminals, microcomputers and workstations are connected directThe loss of data that occurs when two stations transmit at the same time on a networkA term used to describe a telephone instrument whose handset is on its cradle, ready to receive a rinThe most commonly used digital modulation scheme.Simple form of redundancy error checking where each character has a numerical value assigned to itIs an eight-bit fixed length character set developed in 1962 by the International Business Machines CAn attempt is made to transmit base band frequency of 30khz using a digital audio system with a saCalculate the capacity of a telephone channel that has a S/N of 1023?Designed to send characters of the message with the specified bit rate but without any fixed timing rToken Ring StandardWhich of the following is not a reason why most half-wave antennas are mounted horizontally at low The shape of the electromagnetic energy radiated from or received by an antenna is called theAntennas that transmit an equal amount of energy in the horizontal direction are calledThe ability of an antenna to send or receive signals over a narrow horizontal directional range is referA basic antenna connected to a transmission line plus one or more additional conductors that are notAn antenna made up of a driven element and one or more parasitic elements is generally referred to

Minimum dynamic range= 199.5

Which antennas usually consist of two or more half-wave dipoles mounted end to end?A stacked collinear antenna consisting of half-wave dipoles spaced from one another by one-half wavWhen the characteristic impedance of the transmission line matches the output impedance of the traA one-quarter wavelength of coaxial or balanced transmission line of a specific impedance connecteIt is the process of extracting a phase-coherent reference carrier from a receiver signal.It is a potential problem whenever two metallic conductors carrying different signals are located in clWhat is the termed refer as the rapid degradation of output signal quality with channel induced errorWhat was the first fixed-length character code developed for machines rather than for people?A source whose output satisfies the condition of statistical independence among letters in the sequenCalculate the minimum data rate needed to transmit audio with sampling rate of 30 Khz and 14 bits Handles error recovery, flow control (synchronization), and sequencing (which terminals are sending aA MAC protocol for LANs, with stations connected topologically or logically in a ring. Or the IEEE 802A network topology where each device is connected to a centre point and all data is routed through tA lasers use organic dyes enclosed in a glass tube for an active medium, dye is circulated into the tuCodes that have a restriction on the number of consecutive 1s or 0s in a sequence.Contains seven bytes (56 bits) of alternating 0s and 1s that alert the receiving system to the coming Every letter was encoded into fixed length of binary code words of length 5.The composite signal that modulates the FM carrier. It is a simple means of error detection. It involves the addition of one extra bit to the bits that encodA data compression scheme that uses fewer bits to represent more frequently occurring characters or Speed at which symbols are transmitted in a digital communication systems.It is the process of converting an infinite number of possibilities to a finite number of conditions.It is the ratio of the largest possible magnitude to the smallest possible magnitude that can easily beIt is the institution that developed the ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Intertchange).In early 1900s, he showed that any composite signal is a sum of a set of sine waves of different freFind the binary equivalent of x8+x3+x+1.Given a bandwidth of 6000 Hz for an ASK signal, what is the baud rate?Compute the bit rate for a 2000 baud 16-QAM signal.It is an electronic device that is used for computer communications through telephone lines.A telephone line has a bandwidth of 4.5 kHz and a signal-to-noise ratio of 40dB. A signal is transmitShowed mathematically that it is posssible to reconstruct a band-limited analog signal from periodic Find the maximum dynamic range for a linear PCM system using 8-bit quantizing.In operation, many modern codecs achieved compresion by first encoding the signals using a 12-bit liSampling of an analog signal using a sample-and-hold circuit such that the sample has the same amplThe basic building block of the FDM hierarchy.The GSM radio system uses GMSK in a 200kHzchannel, with a channel data rate of 270.883 kbps. CalFor Ethernet system with a length of 2.5km on coaxial cable with a velocity factor of 0.66. What is tA signal at the input to a -Law compressor is positive, with its volatage one-half the maximum valA telephone signal take 2ms to reach its destination. Calculate the via net loss required for an acceWho invented the telegraph?The simplest modulation technique, where a binary information signal modulates the amplitude of an Is the lowest Open System Interconnection hierarchy and is responsible for the actual propagation oError-correction scheme that actually detect and corrects transmission errors when they are received It allows the overall complexity of the system to be broken down into individual function layers- thaThis are very useful pictorial representations that clearly show the protocol operations such as words

Pair of wires that connects the central office to the users phoneHow long does it take to dial the number 784-3745 using pulse dialing with .5s inter digit time?Network that connects users who are in the same general locationA balanced modulator that will used in conjuction with a microwave generator, power amplifier, and banWe have an audio signal with a bandwidth of 5 MHz. What is the bandwidth modulate the signal usingUsed to established a point to point connection across a network.An attempt is made to transmit a baseband frequency of 25kHz using digital audio system with a samDefines the rules of the conversation the message passing among the network usersResponsible for providing signals to the loop sensing activity and sending phone signals at the end ofThe typical amount of voltage in dc use in the battery of the central office with respect to groundA network that is composed of a smaller lan that are closely link. It is needed for areas spread out geHow many central office allotted for each exchange?It is a method of switching that provides a separate physical path for each symbolThe central office detects a request for service from a telephone by:The OSI Layer responsible for data tracking as it moves through a network. It controls and ensures It is used on long distance circuits, in an effort to overcome echoes caused by circuit imbalances.A dipole antenna has a radiation resistance of 67 ohms and a loss resistance of 5 ohms, measured at tTwo antennas have gains of 5.3 dBi and 4.5 dBd, respectively. Which has a greater gain?A half-wave dipole is sometimes called:An antenna's beamwidth is measured"Ground Effects" refers to the effects on an antenna's radiation pattern caused byAn antenna can be matched to a feed line usingAs the length of a "long-wire" antenna is increasedLPDA stands forField strength at a distance from an antenna is measured withA receiving antenna with a built-in preamplifierIt is a channel model in which the input and output alphabets x and y are discrete sets and the chanIt is a diagnostic application or device that a network administrator can purchase and install on a n_______________ is a secret key encryption technology that is used in client/server environments forWhat is the circuit which has a purpose to quiet a receiver in the absence of a received signal?What is network node dedicated to interfacing between the network and one or more printers?What is formed on the screen of cathode ray oscilloscope when two sine wave voltages are simultaneoWhich organization has authority over interstate and international commerce in the communications fThey are special-interest groups that quickly test, evaluate, and standardize new technologies. Which agency developed standards for physical connection interfaces and electronic signaling specifiIt is a collection of many separate networks. A set of rules that govern data communications. It is an idea or concept that is a precursor to an Internet standard. A mechanism used by hosts and gateways to send notification of datagram problems back to the send

A measure of how fast we can actually send data through a network. A problem if different packets of data encounter different delays and the application using the data at tA digital interface standard for optical transmission. The adding of control information on either side of the data text of a block. If 5 devices are going to be connected in a mesh topology, determine the number of duplex-mode links

What makes optical fibers immune to EMI? For long distance communication we often make use of fibre-optic cable. Which of the following stateA network topology wherein the whole network will goes down when a computers network cable is brWhat is the central device in star topology? What OSI layer does a network cable lies. A network topology wherein terminators are used. It is a joint effort of several standardization, organizations around the world targeting to produce specWhich technical specification group does not belong to 3GPP working organizations?The main benefit of the HSCSD feature compared to other data enhancements introduced is that it isis permanently allocated for one subscriber.

Are intended to carry either encoded speech or user data.Are intended to carry signaling or synchronization dataWhich category does not belong to control channel?is used mainly for the transmission of the radio measurement data needed for radio resource manait is also possible that new calls are blocked even though there are time slots available to support it. tAre the most delay-sensitive applications, hence retransmissions are not normally performed.Which represents the amount of data traffic that generates same interference levels than the originalis a protocol originally designed and optimized for fixed-PS networks and may not be optimal for mobEffect which refers to the payload (throughput) offered by the radio access network to the transport ais measured from the PTT press to the indication of the speak permission, it is the time the user has t

refers to a spatial diversity where transmission or reception is performed simultaneously at two or mis the work-effort that is required to provide a given spectral efficiency at a given grade of service.

suffers a known plaintext attack; recovering the pseudorandom string by XORing the plaintext and ci

Routing through a tandem switch is an important economic expedient for a telephone company or admThe unit for measuring how well we can hear a distant party on the telephone is is a location within a LATA that has been designated by an access customer for the connection of its faThe reference equivalent value, called the ___ was indicative of how loud a telephone signal isTASO stands for Phase distortion is often measured by a parameter called

The SONET STS-1 SPE with a channel capacity of ___ has been designed specifically to transport a DS3

is a main component of the GPRS network, which handles the mobilitymanagement and authentication and has register function.Layer that provides services for information transfer over a physicalchannel between the MS and the network.will enhance the throughput per timeslot for bothHSCSD and GPRS.

A scheme in which the transmitter alternately uses the two antennasto transmit bursts or to decorrelate the fading profile of each alternate burst.

The ITU-R vision for 4G also calls for integration of technologies, commonlyknown as is a special case of multicarrier transmission, where a single data streamis transmitted over a number of lower-rate subcarriers (SCs).the variable-rate data modem in KATHRYN was built for the high-frequencyband. It used up to 34 parallel low-rate phase-modulated channels with a spacing of _____is responsible for channel allocation procedures, protocoldata unit (PDU) addressing, frame formatting, error checking, and fragmentationand reassembly.provides MAC enhancements to support LAN applications with QoSrequirementsmakes extensive use of protocols above the IEEE 802.11 MAC layer toprovide authentication and key managementintroduced the term PAN to denote a communication between proximal electronic devices by using thebody as a conduit for informationis a point-to-point, narrow-angle (30 cone), ad hoc data transmissionstandard designed to operate over a distance of 0 to 1m and at speeds of9,600 bps to 16 Mbps

is one method of improving the traffic-handling capabilities of switching configurationswith limited availabilityThe method by which a waiting call is selected to be served from the pool of waitingcalls is called

This is the amount of time required to fill a cell at a rate of 64 kbpsthat is, the rate required to fill

potentially prevents overflow traffic from a selected trunk group from advancing to any alternate rou

Signaling limits of a subscriber loop are based on Attenuation at 1000 Hz (dB/km) of H88 type of loadingis a change of state in the bit stream, a change from a binary 1 to a binary 0, and vice versa

In Digital Network Performance Requirements, a blocking probability of ___ is the quality of service (QAddress signaling between switches is called

The CCITT recommends that if the mean round-trip propagation time exceeds ___ for a particular circrefers to traffic from VSAT(s) to hub

typically show a standard organization of bits and octets and describe the function of each to achieveis a multiport device that allows centralizationFor class B operation, the collector current flows forTransformer coupling is an example ofAn audio amplifier operates in the frequency range ofA tuned RF amplifier isHe is The Prophet of the Integrated Circuit._____________________ is a harmful group of bacteria which can live inside cooling towers as well as He developed the oldest type of fuel cells which is the Alkaline Fuel Cells There are few major tidal energy generating power plants in operation. The main one is the _________What is an impulse commutated inverter which relies on LC circuit and on auxilary thyristor for commuWhat is the project that the Computer Society of the IEEE started in 1985 in order to set standardWhat is the mechanism used by hosts and gateways to send notification of datagram problems back Assume we need to download text documents at the rate of 100 pages per minute. What is the requireWho designed a switch that comes before the banyan switch and sorts the incoming packets according How can we represent the number 21 in ones complement arithmetic using only four bits?What layer enables the user, whether human or software, to access the network and provides user intWhat layer in the OSI model that is responsible for process-to-process delivery of the entire messageWhat OSI layer is responsible for the delivery of individual packets from the source host to the destinWhat ISO layer is responsible for dialog control and synchronization?In a digital transmission, the receiver clock is 0.1 percent faster than the sender clock. How many extWhat results when the analog waveform rises or drops too quickly and the codec may not be able to What is the modern standard for interconnecting many types of peripheral devices to computers which isWhat is a 56,000-bps dial-up modem standard approved by a standards-making organization rather thaWhat standard is an improvement of the V.90 standard that provides a higher upstream data transfer What is the combination of IP address and TCP port number which is used to recognize an applicationWhat is an action that occurs when a transmitting or receiving workstation has not received data or aWhat is an electronic document, similar to a passport, that establishes your credentials when you aWhat pertains to a person who tries to pick up someone elses wireless LAN signals?

The payload pointer is contained in the ___ octets in the line overhead (LOH)and designates the location of the octet where the STS SPE beginsThe __ (like the SONET pointer) allowsflexible and dynamic alignment of the VC-n within the AU-n frameis used to provide transport for synchronous bit streams. Its primaryapplication is to adapt ATM cell transmission to typically E1/DS1 and SDH/SONET circuitsThe telephone receiver, as a converter of electrical energy to acoustic energy,has a comparatively low efficiency, on the order of

The theoretical long-term mean rate of occurrence of controlled frame or octet (timeslot) slips under ideal conditions in any 64-kbps channel is consequently not greater than__ in 70 days per international digital link.

For North American Push-Button Codes, the digit 2 has ___ multifrequencyPush-Button ToneA light source, perhaps more properly called a ____ , has the fundamental functionin a fiber-optic communication system to efficiently convert electrical energy (current)into optical energy (light) in a manner that permits the light output to be effectively launched into the optical fiber

What is a large, complex program that can manage the common resources on most local area networksWhat bridge is capable of passing a data frame from one local area network to another when the twoThe baseband bandwidth for a voice-grade (telephone) signal is:Thermal noise is generated in:"Pink" noise has:The bit rate for each channel in DS-1 is:Manchester coding:Compared to standard PCM systems, the quality of the output of a vocoder is:The reference noise level for telephony is:The cable used for local loops is mainly:The specs of the old Bell type 103 modem were:MNP2, MNP3, MNP4, and MNP10 are all:The official name for RS-232C is:Hardware flow control uses:What is the modulation index of an FM carrier having a carrier swing of 100kHz and a modulating sigA BER tester sends bits at 2000 baud for 10 s. There are total of 50 errors. What is the BER?The minimum number of geostationary satellites required for a global coverage is _____.A traffic of 720 Erlang is also equal to _____ CSS.It is an elliptical zone between two microwave antennas, where the total path distance nowhere vari A packet switch type devices that operate at the OSI network layer?What is IEEE 802.6 protocol?A sublayer that defines how different stations can access transmission medium?Designated at IEEE 802.3?Network that will fell between LAN and MAN?DSB Signals occupy ______ the bandwidth of SSB signalsHSDPA is _______The first stage of a preamp isCurrent fiber optic communication systems operate in the given nominal wavelength regions EXCEPT

A third or safety wire which is carried throughout the residence along with the phase and neutral wireWhich of the following reliability specifications is referred to as General Specification for ReliabilityIt is a circuit device used to connect a balanced transmission line to an unbalanced load.What is the phase shift coefficient of a transmission line wherein the wavelength of a signal is 0.1 meWhat is the characteristic impedance of a transmission line whose capacitance is 20 picofarad per fooWhat is the reflection coefficient of a transmission line whose standing wave ratio is 6?What is the characteristic impedance of a quarter wavelength transmission line used to match a tranA quarter wavelength transmission line terminated in a short circuit is equivalent to aA quarter wavelength transmission line terminated in an open circuit is equivalent to aWhat is the characteristic impedance of a concentric coaxial cable whose diameter of the inner conductWhat is the wavelength of a signal whose frequency is 1 Ghz on a transmission line whose dielectric cA transmission line is operating at 400 Mhz, and its primary constants are: R = 0.1 ohm / meter, L It occurs when oscillating mechanical stresses applied across a crystal lattice structure generate electIt is the minimum RF signal level that can be detected at the input to the receiver and still produce It is the band of frequencies centered around the VCO natural frequency where a PLL can initially estaIt is any frequency other than the selected radio frequency carrier that, if allowed to enter a receiver

Which of following material does not tend to readily attract or give up electronswhen brought in contact or rubbed with other materials (neutral on the triboelectric scale):

It is the characteristic impedance of free spaceAs the distance from a point source antenna doubles, the power density decreases by a factor of Is the highest frequency that can be propagated directly upward and still be returned to Earth by theThe OSI layer which provides details that enable data to be routed between devices in an environmenIt is an OSI layer which provides independence to the application processes by addressing any codeIt is an OSI layer which provides details that enable data to be routed between devices in an enviroWith this encoding technique, there are two nonzero voltage levels, but both polarities represent logicWith this flow control, a source station can transmit several frames in succession before receivingIt is a synchronous character oriented data-link protocol developed by IBM.The bit sequence for a flag in SDLC isIt is an intelligent two port connectivity device used on LANs to direct data frames between two LThe maximum segment length for Ethernet 100 Base-T cable isFor class A IP addresses, the netid bits is composed of For class C IP addresses, the netid bits is composed of It is a class of IP addresses used for multicasting.Direct broadcasts are data packets where the host portion of the destination IP address contains The default mask for a class B network isATM has a fixed length data packet whose length is In ISDN, the 2B + D service is called Is an OSI layer which controls and ensures the end-to-end integrity of data message propagated thrOfficial name is Interface Between Data Terminal Equipment And Data Communications Equipment EThe nominal maximum length of the RS232 interface is approximatelyIs a synchronous bit-oriented protocol developed in the 1970s by IBM for use in System Network ArcIs a medium access control which is used for wireless LANsIs a special purpose router that allows LANs to access the Internet.Is a multiplexing system similar to conventional time-division multiplexing except that it was developE1 transmission bit rate is OC-1 (STS-1) line rate isIs an eight-bit fixed- length character set developed by IBMIs a form of digital modulation wherein the digital information is contained in both the amplitude and With QPSK, the number of input bits is equal toTCP/IP stands forIs sometimes called start / stop transmissionA start bit is always a The electrical specifications for RS 449 areIs a connectionless protocol which provides best effort delivery, and is an OSI Layer 3 protocol.

Is a reliable connection oriented protocol which operates at the OSI transport layer

Is a handshake from a DCE in response to an active condition on RTS from a DTE.Two local area networks that the CAT-3 UTP cable was designed to accommodate its requirementsIt is comprised of four pairs of 24 AWG copper wire encapsulated in a common metallic foil shield wiIt is the name given to the area between the ceiling and the roof in a single-story building or between A coaxial cable with one layer of foil insulation and one layer of braided shieldingIt is used to express the attenuation (signal loss) and the phase shift per unit length of a transmission

Is an unreliable connectionless protocol that operates at the Transport layer of the OSI seven layer hierarchy.Are used with transport layer protocols to identify processes running on computers.

For a given length of RG 8A/U coaxial cable with a distributed capacitance C = 96.6 pF/m, a distributThe ratio of the ac resistance to the dc resistance of a conductorA difference of potential between two conductors of a metallic transmission lineIs a luminous discharge that occurs between the two conductors of a transmission line when the diffFor a transmission line with incident voltage Ei = 5V and reflected voltage Er = 3V, determine the SAre used to match transmission lines to purely resistive loads whose resistance is not equal to the chDetermine the physical length and characteristic impedance for a quarter-wavelength transformer thatIs simply a piece of additional transmission line that is placed across the primary line as close to the A technique that can be used to locate an impairment in a metallic cableA pulse is transmitted down a cable that has a velocity of propagation of 0.8c. The reflected signal iUsing TDR, a transmission line impairment is located 3000m from the source. For a velocity of propagIs simply a flat conductor separated from a ground plane by an insulating dielectric materialIs simply a flat conductor sandwiched between two ground planesThe cancellation of common mode signalsCommon mode rejection ratios that are common in balanced transmission linesA distortion that occurs when DAC do not follow exactly the fast rate of analog input Its purpose is to encode the minimum amount of speech information necessary to reproduce a percepType of coding that compares PAM signal to a ramp waveform while a binary counter is being advanceType of coding that determines each digit of the PCM code sequentially and produce a compromise Type of coding that use flash encoders which are more complex but are more suitable for high-speed It is also called as Pulse Duration Modulation and Pulse Length Modulation

It is the most common method of sampling in PCM systemsThe time that Q1 (FET) is ON and the capacitor charges (or discharges)The storage time of the capacitor during which the ADC converts the sampling voltage to a PCM code

It is mainly dealing with use of the radio spectrum, and prevention of HAP (High Altitude PlatformsBFWA stands for?In optical wireless communication, the transmitted data are modulated onto a light beam, usually in aIt is the amount of signal that is picked up by a quiet conductor (a conductor with no signal being t The tool that clamps the connector to the cable permanently. Most of it have hexagonal crimps sizedThese cables are composed of several fibers together inside a small plastic tube, which are, in turn,It involves the interplay of light with the atmosphere and the physical origin of the observed opticaA type of microphone that pick-ups from the front and back equally well with little or no pickup from The following energy sources can be used for energy harvesting except for?Energy efficiency is reached by turning hardware parts off or to a sleep mode with minimal energy cTo utilize the available bandwidth efficiency and to increase the number of users, what is commonlyIs a noise like high frequency signal, binary in nature. Thus it looks like pulsesIt is an error control method when errors are detected and corrected by proper coding techniques at tThe total complex power impressed by a current source within a region is equal to the sum of the timIt is a parallel three-conductor line consisting of a thin centre strip and two thin ground strips on a dieA protocol designed for highly accurate clock synchronization focused especially on test and measurhe first security mechanism for WiFi, which is based on the RC4 encryption algorithm.This filter is used to recover original signal from its sampled version.

Sampling technique where the tops of the analog waveform retain their natural shape

It limits the frequency of the analog input signal to standard voice band frequencyProcess of converting an infinite number of facilities to a finite number of conditions

Non-trivial Encoding involves taking k information bits at a time and mapping each k-bit sequence inThe amount of redundancy introduced by encoding the data is measured by the ratio . The reciprocal ofA frequently occurring problem with electromagnetic wave propagation via sky wave in the high frequA Signal components arriving via different propagation paths may add destructively, resulting in a pA bandpass digital Pulse Amplitude Modulation(PAM) is also called __.ASK, PSK and PAM are sometimes called __.If g(t)=0 for t>T, the signal is called __.The feedback decoder simplifies to a form called __.What is the characteristic impedance of the coaxial cable having L = 0.118 uH/ft and C = 21 pF/ft . ThFor a complex impedance Z = 150 + j50 with Zo = 50 , what is the normalized value of z?The process of rounding-off the values of the flat top samples to a certain predetermined levels in ordThe satellite is at height of 36000 km above the earth. The frequency used is 4000MHz, the transmittThis indicates how many divisions the analog-to-digital conversion process uses.What is the path loss in dB at 300MHz between the earth station and a satellite at 37000km?A transmitting antenna is on a 50-ft tower and the receiving antenna is on an identical tower. How faA line has a voltage node of 4.5V and an antinode value of 6V. What is VSWR?What physical length corresponds to L/4 at 500 MHz for cable with propagation velocity of 0.68c?A transmission line that is terminated with its characteristic impedance is called?What is the minimum radius r needed to support a 0.7 cm signal in the dominant mode in a circularA compact disc recorde audio signals digitally by using PCM. Assume the signal bandwidth to be 15kHThe process restoring a noise-corrupted signal to its original value is called?Twelve different signals, each of bandwidth of 10kHz are to be multiplexed and transmitted. DeterA code that consists of dots and dashes in particular sequence to represent characters, numbers, and The total antenna current of an AM transmitter is 5A. If modulation index is 0.6, find the carrier curreA carrier wave of 10MHz and peak value of 10V is amplitude modulated by a 5kHz sine wave of amplThe rms antenna current of an AM radio transmitter is 10A when unmodulated and 12A when sinusoidaA new communications cable is installed and the signal level, in volts, increases by one-half. What is What is the value of characteristic impedance for open wire line made up of standard No.18 AWG wireThe minimum sampling rate according to Nyquist TheoremThe tendency of electrons flowing in a conductor to flow near and or the outer surface of the conducPasses all frequencies equally well over its design range but has a fixed or predictable phase shift chaIt is the rate of change of amplitude with frequency in a filter.It provides the desired frequency response but have a constant time delay in the passband.It refers to any noise that has equal power per octave rather than per hertz.t uses a capacitive voltage divider instead of a tapped inductor to provide feedback.It uses switching techniques but with a scheme of pulse-width modulation and are found primarily inTo obtain selectivity while eliminating the image problem, it is best to use aWhat antenna is often used vertically as either a mobile or base antenna in VHF and UHF systems?A type of antenna array where the maximum radiation is along the main axis of the antenna. It is a phenomenon caused by any support insulators used at the ends of the wire antenna and has thThe ability of an antenna to send or receive signals over a narrow horizontal directional range is referGenerally used only on VHF and UHF bands because their length becomes prohibitive at the lower frIt is a variable inductor, one or more variable capacitors, or a combination of these components connA balanced modulator eliminates which of the following from its output?In a klystron, a cavity that velocity-modulates the electron beam is ____.

A waveguide device that has low loss in one direction and high loss in the other.The lobe in the direction of maximum radiation.A distance far enough from an antenna that local inductive and capacitive effects are insignificant.The speed of transmission of a signal along a waveguide.The deviation of a wave as it passes an obstacle or passes through a small aperture Abrupt variations in timing of a digital signal.Signal sent by the network to the calling telephone to indicate that the called party is being alerted.Control signals sent in a voice channel at voice frequencies.It is an intelligent wireless communication system that is aware of its surrounding environment, and A radio that includes a transmitter in which the operating parameters of frequency range, modulation type or maximum output power, can be altered by making a change in software w/o making any changes to hardware components. Television stations are often operated in geographically separate areas and there are areas of the country where, because of population density, not all television channels are utilized. This unused spectrum between TV stations are called

RIGHT ANSWER CHOICE 1 CHOICE 2b. reverberation a. echo c. reflectiod. 31.5 Hz a. 50 Hz b. 12.5 Hzb. 15.5 V a. 7.75 Vb. Condenser a. Dynamicc. Ribbond. 58.65 W 55.68 Wb. 69 dB-SPL c. 65 dB-SPc. Absorption Coefficientd. dynamic range a. Infrared b. Red c. Violetc. 50 and 62.5 micron a. 50 microb. 62.5 microd. Step index a. Total inteb. Numericac. Minimize the core diameter b. Use plasc. Power consumption a. Responsitib. Dark curc. Waveguide dispersion a. Modal dib. Materiald. Distributed feedback (DFB) and vertical cavity surface emita. Distribu b. Verticala. Response time b. Power lec. Temperatc. Fresnel a. Maxwell b. Rayleighb. Optical Fiber a. Light Souc. Photodetec. Quanta a. Light Ray b. Boson b. 10 Base-FB (Backbone) a. 10 Base-FL c. 10 Base-FPa. FDDI - II b. FDDI - I c. Hi PPI a. Buffer Tube b. Bulkhead c. Cladding b. 0.352 a. 0.852 c. 1.032

c. -35dBm a. -25dBm b. -45dBmb. 20 Mbps a. 10Mbpc. 50 Mbpsb. Responsivity a. Dark curc. SpectralA. Static fatigue

B. Photometryc. lasing a.epitaxial b. Planar di

c. -134dBm a. 134dBm b. 130dBm a. 5.4 V b. 3.12 c. 4.5 V c. 3 a. 3.5 b. 4.5 b. -98dBm a. -84dBm c. -80dBm a. 1.75 x 10-15W b. 1.75 x 10c. 1.15 x 10-d. Noise temperature a. Noise fi b. Total ted. 2.24V a. 5.15 V b. 3005mV b. 30 a. 2.5 c. 3 b. DPSK a. CSU/Dc. TDM c. Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) Delta modub. Pulse-cc. Ionospheric fading characteristics a. Noise p b. Bandwid

c. 31 V

a. 56.85 Wa.82 dB-SPLa. Sound absorptionb. Reflection coefficienta. Headroomb. signal-to-noise ratio

a. Use a higher frequency light source

c. 20.6 a. 22.8 b. 18.6

b. Absorptionc. Scattering lossb. Plancks law a. Photoelectric effectc. Photoemission effect

a. Radiometryc. Optometry

a. Pulse spreading b. Wavelength distortionc. Rayleigh scattering

a. Eye pattern c. Statistic

d. Orthogon

c. TDM

b. Over The Air a. Over Th c. On The d. Differing between various widths of the pulses is an extrema. It uses b. It has ec. Pulse-frequency modulation (PFM) a. Pulse-a b. Pulse-wa. Noise characteristics b. Bandwidtc. Simplicitb. In both directions, but only one can talk at a time a. In one dic. Where boa. Line control b. Protocol c. Flow cond. All the above a. The numbb. The mostb. Slope overload a. Excessivc. Insufficc. Use 8-bit PCM code and include 24 voice channels a. Use 16-bb. Use deltb. VBR-NRT a. ABR c. CBRd. Brown a. Yellow b. Bluec. modem a. codec b. aliasb. energy a. error c. joulec. channel a. modem b. codeca. Fractional b. Distribu c. Segmentd. TDMA a. CDMA b. DDMAb. D a. AB c. Fc. DCE a. CEC b. CEPb. current a. data c. dcd. All the above a. Noise p b. Regenera. Aperture time b. Acquisit c. Flat-top d. Foldover distortion and aliasing a. Foldoverb. Aliasingc. RZ-M a. RZ-unipob. RZ-bipolc. codec a. modem b. DSPa. dc b. sinusoidc. harmonic. interleaving a. pseudor b. BSCa. V/m b. V-m c. C/m a. polarization b. dipole c. potentiaa. directivity b. directivec. power gaa. radio horizon b. range c. single ha. end fire b. normala. vertical b. normal c. horizonta. MF (Medium Frequency) b. HF c. VHFc. standing wave ratio a. reflecti b. propagac. critical frequency a. maximumb. propaga

b. Constellation patternb. Spread spectrum a. Facsimilec. Synthesizingd. Code-division multiple-access systems a. Channel-division multiple-access systemsb. Carrier-division multiple-access systemsa. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing b. Over Frequency Division Multiplexingb. Radio telemetry a. Radio facsimilec. Radio teletypea. FSK b. PSK c. FPFc. re-created a. decodedb. detectedb. Hybrid a. AMc. remote a. distanceb. specialized

c. common mode

c. space wave a. ground b. scatterc. they are very reliable a. of low b. the trab. wavelength a. wavefronc. wave dib. stub a. terminac. quarterb. 0.25 a. 0.35 c. 0.10c. length a. conductb. conducta. input b. shortedc. outputd. F layer a. D layer b. E layera. rhombic b. dipolea. diffraction b. refracti c. absorptc. 92.4 + 20 log F + 20 log D a. 92.4 + b. 94.2 + a.Data Link Layer b. Transporc. Session Ld. Dynamic range a. Step size b. Quantizatb. Delta modulation a.Trellis Codc. Differenta. Longitudinal redundancy check b. Vertical c. Character b. Status Word register a. Control Regc. Control aa. CSMA/CD b. CSMA c. CSMA/CA a. 32 bits b. 24 bits c. 40 bits d. Switch a. Repeater b. hub c. Router a. Repeater b. hub a. 51.84 Mbps b. 1.544 Mbc. 3 Mbps b. Peer-to-peer client/server network a. Dedicac. Peer-to- d. Channel service unit a. Data modb. Router d. TCM a. DPSK b. FSK b. BER a. ER c. EER d. Hamming code a. Trellis C b. EBCDIC d. 526.5 to 1705 kHz a. 535 to b. 526.5 tob. area codes a. languagec. central o

c. with ech c. repeater c. the unit is handed off to a closer cell a. the cell b. the call b. cluster a. sector c. site a. forward links b. reverse lc. TRX c. 250 mW a. 150 mWb. 200 mW d. 0.8 dB a. 0.2 dB b. 0.4 dBa. 48 volts DC b. 48 volts c. 90 voltsb. trunk lines a. local looc. both a ad. occurs when the central office capacity is exceeded a. cannot b. occurs oa. twisted-pair copper wire b. shielded c. coaxial b. 697Hz,770Hz,852Hz,941Hz a. 1209Hz,c. 679Hz,7a. 1209Hz, 1336Hz,1477Hz,1633Hz b. 697Hz,7c. 679Hz,7 b. reverse links a. forward c. TRX b. high group frequencies a. low grouc. mid grou a. low group frequencies b. high groc. bottom gc. allow signals to be multiplexed a. allow linb. prevent "si

c. marconi

a. in erlangs b. by the relative congestion a. touch tone processors b. control computer

b. regional center a. section cec. primary d. Advanced Mobile Phone Service a. Americanb. Analog Moa. Base Station Controller b. Base Signc. Basic Sea. Mobile Switching Center b. Mobile Se c. Maximuma. traffic channels b. voice chac. bearer ca. frequency hopping b. direct-sec. CDMAb. International Mobile Subscriber Identification a. Integrat c. Interim b. nighttime period a. daytime c. experimea. primary service area b. secondarc. intermitb. 150 ft a. 100 ft c. 200 ftb. vertical a. horizontc. circularc. 36 kHz a. 40 kHz b. 200 kHzc. 35 W a. 10 W b. 15 Wb. Class B a. Class A c. Class Cb. AM DSB SC a. AM DSB c. AM SSBb. 19 kHz a. 15 kHz c. 30 kHzd. 19.96 kW a. 5 kW b. 30 kWb. 88 108 MHz a. 535 1 c. 50 150a. NTSC b. PAL c. SECAMd. 3.579545 a. 3.57955b. 3.57945b. 187.25 MHz a. 175.25 c. 193.25 d. 1 MW a. 100 kW b. 316 kWb. 525 a. 485 c. 625c. 63.556 usec a. 66.556 ub. 65.556 c. 6 MHz a. 4.2 MHz b. 4.5 MHza. TV Pick-up station b. TV STL sc. TV Inter-c. 6 MHz a. 4 MHz b. 5 MHzb. sky wave a. ground c. space wc. 0.96 m a. 1.0 m b. 0.85 md. 30 a. 24 b. 26a. D b. E c. F1c. centimetric a. metric b. decimetrb. space diversity a. frequencc. angle diva. frequency diversity b. space dic. angle divc. 13 MHz a. 11 MHz b. 12 MHzc. 8.4 MHz a. 8.2 MHz b. 8.3 MHzc. Inverse Square law a. Faradayb. Snells lb. E a. D c. F1b. Radiation Pattern a. Frequen c. Smith Chd. 6.58 a. 75 b. 15 b. 11-year sunspot a. SID c. Sporadicb. increase antenna height a. increasec. increased. all choices a. electricab. frequencb. HF a. MF c. VHFd. 18.97 mi a. 53.66 k b. 53.66 mi

c. 3 W a. 1 W b. 2 W b. Beamwidth a. Bandwidc. Footprintc. Polarization a. Propagatb. Coordinac. Top loading a. Reflectorb. Groundinc. Principle of reciprocity a. Alternat b. Diplexer c. 3.50 a. 140 b. 70 b. Zoning a. Splicing c. Curving b. Antenna a. Stub c. Transmisb. Directive gain a. directivityc. bandwidthc. Broadside action a. Broadsidb. Broadsidd. aperture a. focus b. resolution b. Resonant antenna a. Non-resoc. Antenna arb. 0 latitude a. 0 longitc. 45 longib. G/T a. S/N c. C/N d. The distance between the satellite and ground station is cha. The dist b. The distc. Teledesic a. Iridium b. NAVSTARa. Gain increases by 9.54 dB, beamwidth decreases to 1/3 of itb. Gain decc. Gain incc. 384 Mm a. 380 Mm b. 382 Mm b. 39000 km a. 6400 km c. 42400 kc. 14 GHz a. 6 GHz b. 4 GHza. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 35,786 km a. 35,786 mb. 35,786 b. latitude & longitude a. azimutc. true moa. perigee b. apogee c. apex c. 7.6 km/s a. 76 kb. 76 m/a. 1440 mins b. 24 days c. 3,600 sd. Footprint a. beam b. propagatc. 39,000 km a. 36,000 kb. 36,000 mc. TDMA ( Time Division Multiple Access) a. FDMA b. DAMA a. azimuth & elevation b. longituc. bearing c. ITU-R S.1001-2 a. ITU-R Mb. ITU-R Sa. Critical Frequency b. MUF c. Cut-off f b. fading a. attenuatioc. spreadinga. 99.5km b. 96.5 km c. 95.87 km b. virtual height a. actual hec. average c. sky waves a. ground wb. surface c. 1.1% a. 45.5% b. code 2.4a. fluorescence b. phosphorc. after glowb. 1.18 a. 0.85 c. 0.15 c. Hematologic syndrome a. Gastroinb. Centrala. Bucky factor b. Damadianc. Grid ratioa. 42 kW b. 60 kW c. 600W d. Hounsfield a. Mistretta b. Forssmanna. sensitometry b. xeroradioc. xeroradiob. contrast improvement factor a. grid ratio c. Collidge f

c. 600 rad a. 200 rad b. 400 rad c. 100 a. 1000 b. 540 b. 309 uV a. 206 uV c. 903 uV b. Systole a. Diastole c. block modd. sphygmomanometer a. defibrillatb. electrocc. 10^10 MHz a. 10^6 MHz b. 45.29 MHa. Photoelectric effect b. Compton c. Bremsstrahb. Roentgen a. Curie c. Radiatioa. colorimeter b. flame phc. spectropd. phonocardiography a. ultracardib. cardioacoa. electrodermograph b. electromc. electrocb. code 39 a. Discretc. continuod. Baudot Code a. ASCII Cb. Gray Coda. Richard W. Hamming b. William c. Emile Bac. CRC a. checksb. LRC d. 22.2 dB a. 16.2 dB b. 14.2 dB b. 0.876Vmax a. 0.786Vmc. 0.867Vmad. quantizing errors a. alias si b. slope ovea. vocoder b. codec c. sample-ad. delta modulation a. unipolab. PPM c. either a or b a. aliasingb. foldover b. 2 Mbps a. 1 Mbps c. 3 Mbps c. 6.35 a. 3.56 b. 5.63 d. 10 Base 5 a. 1000 Bab. 10 Base-Ta. Flag b. Firewall c. Frameguaa. 4294967296 b. 69276949c. 2449692a. 51.84 Mbps b. 64 kbps c. 100 Mbpsc. 4B/5B Encoding a. Baudot b. 2B1Q Enca. ANSI b. FCC c. ITU d. stop bit a. trailer b. flag a. 1.368 Mbps b. 1.480 Mbc. 2.048 Mbd. twice the highest frequency of a signal a. equal tob. equal tod. Spread spectrum a. Modulatb. Multipla. Checksum b. CRC c. Simple-pb. Gateway a. Bridge c. Repeaterc. jitter a. Alias b. impulsea. Dynamic range b. Figure ofc. Quality fa. 20s b. 50s c. 100sb. two a. one c. threed. 2^128 a. 2^32 b. 2^64d. H. 323 a. H. 111 b. H.123d. 12 Megabits a. 12 Gigabb. 1. 2 Gia. 5.5 m b. 7.5m c. 9.5m d. 5.43 x 108 m/s a. 3.45 x 1b. 4.35 x b. 10.51 m a. 17.52 m c. 8.76 m

a. 44.5 km b. 45.4 km c. 54.4 km

d. 638 mW a. 1 W b. 851 mW c. 535 W a. 250 mW b. 350 W c. isolator a. multiplexb. circulatorc. shroud a. radome b. shield a. is greater than in free space b. dependsc. is inversc. 23 dBm a. 46dBm b. -46 dBm b. 3.6 dB a. 0.97 dB c. 6.02 dB c. 641 W a. 391 W b. 438 W d. 72 a. 108 b. 3 c. octave a. bandwib. frequenca. 10 b. 12 c. 14 a. trimmer b. converter c. padder c. 1/10 a. b. d. 47.6 ns a. 23.33 ns b. 14.52ns b. 26% a. 51% c. 3% c. parallel-resonant a. inductive b. capacitiva. 108 degrees b. 4.8 degc. 52 db. microstrip a. stripline c. twin-lead a. b. c. 1 d. resonant a. lossy b. lossless a. velocity factor b. refractivc. dielectri b. CAT 5 a. CAT 4 c. CAT 5e a.0.47 b. 1.47 c. 0.68 c. 66kW a. 62.5kW b. 66W d. the signal is difficult to demodulate a. the sign b. the signalb. high-level modulator a. low levec. differenb. 547.8 Hz a. 1,460.8 c. 2.67 Hz b. de-emphasis a. pre-emphac. carrier-b. companding a. multiplexc. amplifyina. antenna reciprocity b. antenna c. antenna grb. top hat loading a. loading coc. droopina. 39.8 dBi b. 41.94 dBic. 37.66dBi b. end effect a. skin effectc. faraday ea. PAM b. PCM c. PDM b. Companding a. Decoding c. compressb. directional coupler a. crossed-fc. linear-bd. klystron a. buncher b. Gunn devib. TDM a. FDM c. CSMA-Cb. constellation diagram a. Product c. truth tabb. Baudot Code a. ASCII Coc. Morse b. Redundancy a. Erroc. Checksum b. Central Limit Theorem a. Gaussia c. Poisson Dc. Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) a. synchronb. Synchron

d. TE20 a. TE11 b. TE10

d. Pulse Position Modulation a. Pulse Wib. Pulse Ca.11.6m b. 11.6ft c. 10.6m b. Fading a. Repeaterc. Fresnel c. Zepp antenna a. horn anteb dish antenb. Direct Wave a. Ground Wc. Surface c. HF a. VHF b. UHF b. Baud a. Bit rate c. bit b. Baudot code a. ASCII codc. EBCDIC c c. Repeater a. Transceivb. Remitter c. Baud a. Bandwidthb ASK a. transmission level point b. transmissc. data levelb. redundancy a. burst c. error cor d. 0.075m a. 0.0075m b. 75m a. transducer b. converter c. transceiverb. Electrical noise a. reflection c. interferec. 10,000 a. 1,000 b. 10,100 c. 1 a. 2 b. 3 b. FCC (Federal Communications Commision) a. NCC c. KBP a. high-pass b. low-pass c. Either a oa. 6 b. 10 c. 4 d. All of the above a. voice b. video a. 1 kHz b. 1.5 kHz c. 2 kHz a. bandwidth efficiency b. baud rate c. dynamic raa. quantization b. sampling c. aliasinga. 8 kHz b. 9 kHz c. 10 kHz a. Checksum b. Vertical c. Longitua. Spread spectrum b. Phase shiftc. Frequenca. Servers b. Clients c. Transmisa. Broadband ISDN b. Asynchroc. LAN Topologa. Forward Error Correction b. Character c. Code 39 a. Session layer