IDENTITY AND ACCESS GOVERNANCE Buyer’s Guidecyber-edge.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Courion-White-Paper.pdfWelcome to the Courion Identity and Access Governance Buyer’s Guide

IDENTITY AND ACCESS GOVERNANCE

Buyer’s Guide

Purpose of this Guide ..............................................................................................1

Identity and Access Governance.............................................................................2

IAG as Part of Identity & Access Management .......................................................4

Feature Tables:

RoleDefinition .....................................................................................................7

AccessRequests ...............................................................................................11

Access Approvals ...............................................................................................15

AccessCertifications .........................................................................................18

AuditsandComplianceAnalysis .........................................................................21

IdentityandAccessIntelligence:MonitoringandAnalysis ...................................24

SolutionDeploymentandIntegration ..................................................................29

SummaryofTables ............................................................................................32

Appendix ................................................................................................................33

For More Information .............................................................................................34

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1

WelcometotheCourionIdentityandAccessGovernanceBuyer’sGuide.

ThisguideisdesignedtohelpyoudefinerequirementsforanIdentityandAccessGovernancesolutionfor yourenterprise.

Itcanalsohelpyouselectashortlistofvendorsforevaluation,andcompareIdentityandAccessGovernanceproductsduringanevaluationprocess.

Our ApproachThematerialinthisguideisorganizedaroundthecoretasksofIdentityandAccessGovernance(IAG)andthepeoplewhoperformthem.ItexaminesthefeaturesandfunctionsofIAGsolutionsneededto:

• Define roles and the access permissions associated with them, atasktypicallyperformedbyIAM analysts,resourceownersandbusinessmanagers.(Inthisguidewewilluse“IAManalysts”asshorthandforIAMprojectleadersandsecurityprofessionalsresponsibleformanagingIAMactivities.“Resource owners”willrefertoline-of-businessandITstaffresponsibleformanagingaccesstoapplications, databasesandotherresources.)

• Request access to applications, systems and resources,anactivitycarriedoutbybusinessmanagersonbehalfoftheirreports,andbyawidevarietyofemployeesandothersystemusersforthemselves.

• Approve access requests,typicallyperformedbybusinessmanagers andresourceowners.

• Certify the appropriateness of accesstosensitivesystems,applications anddata,tasksperformedby businessmanagers,resourceownersandauditors.

• Manage risk and verify compliance with government, industry and corporate policies,tasksbelongingtoauditorsandcomplianceofficers.

• Use Identity and Access Intelligence tools to analyze usage, uncover vulnerabilities, identify policy violations, respond to attacks, remediate problems and reduce risks.

• Deploy IAG solutionsandintegratethemwithotheridentitymanagementandsecurityproducts.

TheopeningsectionsprovideabriefoverviewofIdentityandAccessGovernance(IAG),andplaceIAGsolutionsinthecontextofIdentityandAccessManagementasawhole.

PURPOSE OF THIS GUIDE

1ExamplesfromrealIdentityandAccessManagementbuyer’sguides.

2

Theremainingsectionsaredesignedsothatevaluationteammemberscanworkwithrepresentative“subjectmatterexperts(SMEs)”ineachcategory(businessmanagers,systemusers,complianceofficers,etc.)toassesshowanIAGsolutioncanhelpthemdotheirjobsbetterandmeetorganizationalgoals.

Thefeaturetablescanbeusedtocaptureassessmentdataduringfeaturereviews,vendordemonstrations, proof-of-concepttests,referencecalls,andotherevaluationactivities.Thetablesarelaidoutsoyoucanusetheratingsystemofyourchoice,andtherearespacesforcommentsandassessmentsbysection.Ifyouwanttomodifyorexpandthetables,youcandownloadtheminPDForExcelformatfromtheCourionwebsiteResourcessectionatwww.courion.com.

Inthisguidewetrytoapplythesamepractical,business-friendlydesignprinciplesusedinCourion’sproducts,avoidingplatitudes(“Today’sbusinessworldischangingrapidly,andsoareyourIAMrequirements”)anddensefeaturedescriptions(“HasaworkflowthatseamlesslyintegrateswithSAPandOracleERP,andfine-grained separation-of-dutiescheckingwithflexibleexception-handlingmethods[Yes/No]”).1

Talk with UsOurconsultingteamandpartnerscanansweryourquestions,demonstrateCourion’ssolutions,helpyouconductaproof-of-concept,generateabusinesscase,orassessaccessrisk.Wewouldalsolikeyourfeedbackonthisguide.Pleasecontactusatinfo@courion.com

IDENTITY AND ACCESS GOVERNANCE

Functions of Identity and Access GovernanceToday,thefieldofIdentityandAccessGovernancecoversfourmaincomponents:

1.Processestocertifythatexistingpermissionsareappropriateandinconformancewithcorporatepolicies.

2.Processestoauditidentityandaccessprocessesandresults,demonstratecontrols,definepoliciesaboutwhoshouldhaveaccesstowhatresources(governance),provecompliancewithregulatoryrequirementsandcompanystandards,andremediateanyissuesuncovered.

3.Processestodefinerolesandtorequestandapproveaccesstodata,applicationsandotherinformation technologyresources.

4.Monitoringandanalysistoolstodetectvulnerabilities,assessrisk,andimprovecompliancewith requirementsandstandards.

3

TheoriginalfocusofIAGwasonthefirsttwocomponents,especiallyontoolstocertifypermissionsandtohelpauditorsandcomplianceofficersreduceauditcostsanddocumentcompliance.

However,itwassoonrecognizedthatthesefourareasarereinforcing.Organizationsthathavereliableprocessestorequestandapproveaccessmakefewererrors,andthereforeexpendlesseffortoncertification,auditingandremediation.Organizationswithidentityandaccessintelligencetoolscanmonitorchangesforpolicyviolations,tracktrendsandidentifyvulnerabilities,allowingthemtorespondtoproblemsfaster.

Infact,comprehensiveIAGsolutionsprovidevalueinmanyareasby:

•Improvingtheproductivityofmanagersbysimplifyingidentityandaccesscertificationprocesses

•Savingtimeforemployeesbyspeedinguptheprocesstorequestandreceiveaccesstoresources (especiallywhentherequestsystemisintegratedwithautomatedprovisioning)

•Providingmoredatatospeedupauditsandreducethehighcostofregulatorycompliance

•Reducingvulnerabilitiesanddecreasingtheriskofdatabreachesandthelossofcustomerandemployeeinformationandintellectualandfinancialproperty

•Improvingriskmanagement

•Deterringpolicyviolationsbyemployeesandotherinsiders

Atthesametime,IAGsolutionshelpenterprisesaddresssomeoftheirmostpressinghumanandtechnology challenges:increasingnumbersandtypesoftechnologyusers(employees,contractors,businesspartners,customers),multiplyingapplicationsanddevices(includingemployee-sourceddevicesencouragedby“BYOD”policies),growingregulatoryrequirements,pressuresforbetterriskmanagementandsecurity,andtightlimits onbudgetsandstaffing.

Tasks and PeopleFigure1showssomeofthemajortasksinvolvedinIdentityandAccessGovernance,andthepeoplewhotypicallyperformthem.

Thefeaturetablessectionofthisguideusesthesetaskareastoorganizeitslistofdesirablefeaturesand functions,tomakeitclearhowthosefeaturesandfunctionsrelatetospecificpeopledoingspecificjobs.

4

Figure 1: IAGtasks,andthepeoplewhoperformthem

IAG AS PART OF IDENTITY & ACCESS MANAGEMENT

Broadlyspeaking,today’sstate-of-the-artIdentityandAccessManagementsystemscoverthreeprimaryareasoffunctionality:Governance,Provisioning,andIntelligence.

Governancesystemsprovideprocessestorequest,approveandcertifyaccesstoapplicationsandITresources,andtoolstodocumentcompliancewithgovernmentregulations,industrystandardsandcorporatepolicies.

Provisioningsystemsautomatetheprovisioningandde-provisioningofaccesstoapplicationsandITresources,andmanageaccessthroughusers’lifecyclewiththeorganization.KeyIAMfunctionssuchaspassword management,advancedauthenticationandsinglesign-onaresometimesconsideredaspartofprovisioningandlife-cyclemanagement,andsometimesasseparateentities(butareinanycaseoutsideofthescopeofthisguide).

Identity and Access Intelligencesystemsprovidetoolstocontinuouslycollect,monitorandanalyzelargevolumesofidentityandaccess-relatedinformation,combiningdatanotonlyfromGovernanceandProvisioningsystems,butalsofromsecurityproductsandotherexternalsystems.IdentityandAccessIntelligenceproductsareoftendesignedsotheycanbeusedwitheitheragovernancesystem,oraprovisioningsystem,orwithboth.

5

Infact,IdentityandAccessIntelligencetoolsshouldbeseenasanintegralpartofanyIdentityandAccess Governanceimplementation.ThisguidediscussesfunctionalitythatistypicallyavailableingovernancesystemsandinIdentityandAccessIntelligencetoolswhentheyworktogether.Figure2illustratesthisapproach,andliststheproductsfromCourionthatfallintothoseareas.

AbriefoverviewoftheCourionproductsisprovidedintheappendix.

Figure 2: ThethreemainareasofIdentityandAccessManagement,withproductsfromCourion.TheCourionproductsaremodularandcanbeimplementedinanycombination.

6

Feature Tables

7

ROLE DEFINITION

Primary participants: IAM analysts, resource owners and business managersAnIdentityandAccessGovernancesolutionshouldmakeitassimpleaspossibleforIAManalysts,resource ownersandbusinessmanagerstodefinerolesandtheaccesspermissionsthatareassociatedwiththem.

Peopleshouldbeabletousebusinessterminology,nottechnicaljargon,toidentifyrolesandpermissions.Thisallowsbusinessmanagersandbusinessuserstoparticipatefullyindefiningroles,andlaterinrequesting,approvingandcertifyingaccess.

Itshouldbeeasytocreatesimplerolesatfirst,thenrefine,enhanceandexpandthemovertime.Thatallows organizationstostartusingthesystemquicklywhilecontinuouslyimprovingefficiencyandaccuracy.

Itshouldbepossibletodefinepermissionsthat(a)accuratelyreflectthelegitimateneedsofsystemusers,and (b)donotprovideunnecessaryentitlementsthatcouldjeopardizesecurityandprivacy.Toachievetheseobjectives,analysts,resourceownersandbusinessmanagersshouldbeableto:

•Createverygranularentitlements,forexamplepermissiontomakeAPinquiriesagainstaspecific accountingpackage,touseaspecificcomputingresourcelikeSharePointorInternetaccess,ortoacquireanassetlikealaptopwitha17”screen.

•Createrolesthatincludecombinationsofpermissions,suchasan“Accountant”rolethatincludes permissionstomakedeposits,reconcilebankstatements,createpurchaseorders,makeAPinquiries,etc.

•Creategroupingsthatcombineroles,forexamplea“SeniorAccountant”rolethatincludespermissions assignedtothe“Accountant”and“Level2Manager”roles.

•Modelnewrolesbycomparingspecificpermissionsfromexistingroles(Courioncallsthis“intelligentmodeling”).

Rolescancombinepermissionstoperformspecificactionsontargetresources

8

Mostindividualswillhavediverseaccessrequirements,basedontheirfunction,location,managementlevel,andapplicationneeds.Thereforepeopleshouldbeabletofindappropriateentitlementsandrolesbyusingsearchandfilteringtechniqueswithacatalogofroles.Theyalsoshouldbeabletoclassifyandtagrolessopeoplemakingaccessrequestscanfindtherightonestorequest,andsoapproverscandeterminethemostappropriaterolesforspecificsystemusers.

Thesystemshouldbeabletoaccommodateboth:

•A“bottomup”approach:Seewhatpermissionspeoplehavetodayandassemblerolesbasedon thoseobservations.

•A“topdown”approach:Createrolesbasedonananalysisofwhatislikelytoworkbestintheenvironment,andtestthose.

Systemusersshouldbeabletodefinepolicies,forexampleSeparationofDuties(SoD)policiesthatprevent thesamepersonfromtakingpotentiallydamagingactionslikecreatingvendoraccountsandauthorizing vendorpayments.

Roledefinitionandrefinementcaninvolvemanypeople,includingIAManalystswhoknowbestpracticesfordesigningroles,“resourceowners”responsibleforapplications,databases,andotherITservices,andbusinessmanagerswhounderstandtheresponsibilitiesofemployeesperformingspecificjobs.Thereforethesystemshouldhavemechanismstomanagewhocandefine,change,disableanddeletespecificroles.

Thesystemsshouldcreateacompleteaudittrailofeveryactionrelatedtodefining,modifyinganddeletingroles.

Thereshouldbe“outofthebox”oreasilymanagedintegrationwithprovisioningsystems,directoriesand applications,sorole-relatedinformationfromthosesystemsisavailable.

ThereshouldbeintegrationwithIdentityandAccessIntelligencetoolssoanalystscanassessrolesafterthey havebeencreated.Forexample,ifareportorqueryshowsmanyuserswiththesamerolerequestinganadditionalaccountorentitlement,thenthataccountorentitlementcanbeaddedtotherole.Conversely,ifthereare entitlementsthatnobodywiththeroleuses,theseshouldberemovedfromtheroledefinition.

IntegrationwithIdentityandAccessIntelligencetoolsalsoallowsrole-relatedinformationtobeanalyzedandusedforgovernance,compliance,incidentresponseandotherpurposes.

9

Role DefinitionScoring

(Yes/No,High/Med/Low,1-5scale,other)

Courion Option X

Useasingleinterfacetomanageaccesstoawidearrayofbusinessresources,includingapplications,networks,ITaccounts,local,remoteandcloud-basedsystems,locallyinstalled,client/serverandcloud-basedapplications,LAN, wirelessandInternetconnectivityservices,physicalassetssuchaslaptopsandsmartphones,andsoftwarelicenses.

Definerolesusingbusinessterminology(nottechnicaljargon)

Assignauserfriendlynametoroles (forsearchingandfiltering)

Addauserfriendlydescriptiontoroles

Definerolesbasedonindividual,granularentitlements (e.g.read-onlyaccesstoaspecificdatabase)

Definerolesbasedongroupingsofexistingrolesandentitlements

Definerolesbasedontitlesordepartments(e.g.Accountant,VicePresident,ITContractor,Sales,CustomerService)

DefinerolesbasedonapplicationsorITresources (e.g.MicrosoftOffice,Salesforce.com,NetworkAccess,LaptopUser)

Clonerolesfromexistingroles

Modelnewrolesbasedonexistingroles(add/subtract)

Modelnewrolesbasedonexistinguseraccess (add/subtract)

Createanentitlements“catalog”ofavailableentitlementsandroles

Usesearchingandfilteringtoidentifyrelevantrolesin thecatalog

Assigntagstoroles,andusetagsforsearchingandfilteringinthecatalog

Allowuserstousethecatalogtodefinenewrolescombininggroupingsofexistingentitlementsandroles

9

10

Overall assessment for Role Definition

Comments:

Role DefinitionScoring


Courion Option X

DefineSeparationofDuties(SOD)andotheraccess-relatedpolicies(e.g.thesameusercannothavepermissionstomakedepositsandreconcilebankstatements)

Runnewpolicesagainstexistingrolesandpoliciestoflagpolicyviolations

Setadministrativepoliciesaboutwhoisallowedtodefineroles(e.g.,anyone,onlymanagers,onlyHumanResourcesstaff,onlydesignatedindividualsforeachdepartment)

Limitpermissiontochangearoledefinitiontoadesignated“roleowner”or“resourceowner”

Requirethatchangestoaroledefinitionbeapprovedbyoneormorespecifiedindividualsinadditiontotheroleowner

Displayroleusagestatistics,suchaswhenarolewaslastmodifiedandthenumberoftimesithasbeenassigned tousers

Disablerolestemporarily

Obtainroleanduserinformationfromprovisioningsystems(integration)

Exportroleanduserinformationtodirectories,applications,analytictoolsandotherexternalsystems(integration)

Createacompleteaudittrailofallactionsrelatedtorolecreation,definition,modification,deletionandapprovals.

10

11

ACCESS REQUESTS

Primary participants: Business managers, employees, contractors and other system usersAnIdentityandAccessGovernancesolutionshouldmakeitassimpleaspossibleformanagerstorequest accesspermissionsfordirectreports,andforemployees,contractorsandothersystemuserstorequestaccess forthemselves.

Peopleshouldbeabletousebusinessterminology,nottechnicaljargon,tofindrelevantrolesandunderstandtherelatedentitlements.Peopleshouldfindappropriateentitlementsandrolesbyusingarolecatalogwithsearchandfilteringtechniques,andbyusingtagsforsearchingandfiltering.

Itshouldbepossibletoallowsomepeopletorequestpermissionsforeveryoneintheorganization,andtolimitotherpeopletomakingrequestsforspecificgroups,oronlyforthemselves.

Itshouldbepossibletorestrictrequestsbasedonpolicy,andtofilterrolesandentitlementsbasedonrelated criteria.Forexample,amemberofthefinancestaffmightberestrictedtorequestingentitlementsrelatedtofinance,andwouldbeabletoapplyafilterintherolecatalogsothatitwoulddisplayonlythoseentitlements.

Someapplicationsandresourcesmayinvolveoptionsthatdonotaffectsecurityorgovernance;thereshouldbeamechanismtoallowpeopletorequesttheseoptionswithoutcreatingmanyseparateroles.Forexample,itshouldbepossibletohaveasinglerolecalled“Laptop”withachoiceofmemoryandscreensizeoptions.Thatismoreefficientthancreatingseparateresourcescalled“Laptop,8MBmemory,13inscreen,”“Laptop,8MBmemory, 15inscreen,”“Laptop,16MBmemory,13inscreen,”etc.

Thesystemsshouldcreateacompleteaudittrailofeveryactionrelatedtorequesting,approvingand grantingaccess.

Thisfunctionalityiscomplementarytoprovisioning.Provisioningsystemsautomatetheprocessofrequesting andgrantingaccess,especiallywhenpeopleenterandleavetheorganization.Someprovisioningsystemshave front-endinterfaceswiththesamefeaturesdescribedhere.ButanaccessrequesttoolcanbeusedaspartofanIdentityandAccessGovernancesolutionwithoutaprovisioningsystem.Itcanbeusedinconjunctionwithone,especiallyiftheprovisioningsystemfrontendlackskeyfeaturesorishardtouse.

12

Thereshouldbeamechanismtorequestoptionswithoutcreatingseparaterolesforeverycombination

13

Access RequestsScoring


Courion Option X

Requestpermissionsfordirectreports

Requestpermissionsforself(self-service)

Requestpermissionsforaspecificlistofusers

Requestaccesstoaspecificlistofresources,suchas applications

Usearolecatalogwithsearchingandfilteringtoquicklyfindandrequestrelevantrolesandentitlements

Requestpermissionsbasedonexistingrolesandgroupingsofrolesandentitlements

Usetagsforsearchingandfilteringinthecatalog

Selectoptionsrelevanttoaspecificresource(e.g.haveoneresourcecalled“SalesLaptop”withadynamicformtochoosememoryandscreensizeoptions)

Abilitytodelegateaccessrequests(e.g.,thedirectorofadepartmentcandelegatetoamanagertherighttomakeaccessrequestsforallmembersofthedepartment)

Use“bulkprovisioning”torequestonesetofrolesandentitlementsformultipledirectreports,orforalistofusers

Validateaccessrequestsagainstdefinedbusinesspoliciesandflagviolations

Whenpolicyviolationsareflagged,allowrequesterstooverridethepolicythroughanexemptionrequest

Shareaccessrequestinformationwithprovisioning systems(integration)

13

14

Access RequestsScoring


Courion Option X

ExportaccessrequestinformationtoIdentityandAccessIntelligencetoolssotheycanidentifysuspiciousactivitiesandpolicyviolations(integration)

Createacompleteaudittrailofallactionsrelatedto accessrequests

Overall assessment for Access Requests

Comments:

14

15

ACCESS APPROVALS

Primary participants: Business managers and resource ownersAnIdentityandAccessGovernancesolutionshouldprovidesimple,efficientprocessesforbusinessmanagersandresourceownerstoprocessaccessrequests.

Inthiscontext“resourceowners”areline-of-businessorITstaffresponsibleforcontrollingaccesstoapplications, databasesandITservices.Theyarethepeoplewho,alongwithbusinessmanagers,understandwhattypesof accessusersneedtoperformtheirjobs,andwhatentitlementscanbegivenwithoutcompromisingsecurity, privacyrulesandcorporatepolicies.

Businesspoliciesmayrequiremultipleapprovalsforsomerequests.Thesolutionshouldenforcethesepolicies,forexamplebyrequiringapprovalfromtherequester’simmediatemanageranddepartmenthead,orfromamanagerandthe“owner”oftherequestedresource.

Thesolutionshouldprovideanintuitiveinterface,soapproverscanassessindividualrequestsefficientlyand managedozensofrequestseachday.

Thesolutionshouldalertapproverstopotentialpolicyviolations.

Busyorabsentapproverscanbeabottleneck,preventingusersfromaccessingresourcesneededfortheirwork.Toaddressthisissue,thesolutionshouldprovidereminderandescalationprocedurestoalertapproversandtoallowhigher-levelmanagersorappropriatecolleaguestostepin.

Thesystemshouldcreateacompleteaudittrailofeveryactionrelatedtoapprovingaccessrequests.

Thesolutionshouldalertapproverstopotentialpolicyviolations

16

Access ApprovalsScoring


Courion Option X

Assignapprovalstobusinessmanagersandresourceowners

Requiremultipleapprovals(e.g.,amanagerandaresourceowner,ortwolevelsofmanagement)

Provideapproverswithalistorinboxshowingallwaitingapprovalrequests

Approveorrejectindividuallineitemsineachrequest

Provideapproverswithadetailedviewofnew accessrequests

Optiontorequireacommentforeachlineitemrejected

Alertapproverstopotentialpolicyviolations(e.g.the sameusercannothavepermissionstomakedepositsandreconcilebankstatements)

Delegateallrequeststoanothermanagerorresourceownerforaspecifiedtimeperiod

Sendemailnotificationsofapprovalsandrejections torequesters

Optionallysendemailnotificationsofapprovalsandrejectionstorequesters’managersandotherinterestedparties

Sendemailremindersofpendingrequeststoapprovers

Sendemailnotificationstoapprovers’managerifnoactiontakenafteraspecifiedtime(e.g.noaction2daysafter therequest)

16

17

Access ApprovalsScoring


Courion Option X

Createacompleteaudittrailofallactionsrelatedto accessrequests

Overall assessment for Access Approvals

Comments:

Escalateapprovaltoapprovers’managerifnoactiontakenafteraspecifiedtime(e.g.noaction3daysaftertherequest)

17

18

ACCESS CERTIFICATIONS

Primary participants: Business managers, resource owners and auditorsAnIdentityandAccessGovernancesolutionshouldmakeiteasytoinitiatecertifications,andshouldprovide simple,efficientprocessesforbusinessmanagersandresourceownerstoperformthem.

Inthiscontext“resourceowners”areline-of-businessandITstaffresponsibleformanagingaccessto applications,databasesandITservices.

Thesolutionshouldbeabletosupportbothcomprehensivecertificationefforts(e.g.,certifyingaccessforall membersofadepartment)andmicro-certifications(certifyingaccessforasingleemployeeafterapolicyviolationisdetected).

Certifiersshouldbeabletoassessexactlywhataccessisavailabletocurrentusers.Theyshouldbeabletoacceptandrejectindividualinstancesofaccessrights,performadditionalresearch,andreassigncertificationstoanotherappropriatemanagerorresourceowner.

Thesystemshouldgivecertifiersvisibilityintoissueslikeexcessiveaccessrightsandtheviolationofseparationofdutiesandotherpolicies.

Toallowcertifierstoprocessdozensorhundredsofdecisionsefficiently,thesolutionshouldprovideanintuitiveinterfaceandfeaturestoallowdecisionstobeappliedtomultiplerequestsinonestep.

Thesolutionshouldprovidereminder,escalationanddelegationprocedurestoalertcertifiersandtoallow higher-levelmanagersorappropriatecolleaguestostepin.

Thesystemshouldcreateacompleteaudittrailofeveryactionrelatedtocertificationprocesses.

Certifiersshouldbeabletoacceptandrejectpermissions,performadditionalresearch,andreassigncertificationstoothers

19

Access CertificationsScoring


Courion Option X

Initiatecertificationreviewsmanually

Initiatecertificationreviewsbasedonevents (e.g.identificationofpolicyviolations)

Providecertifierswithalistorinboxshowingallwaitingcertificationrequests

Providecertifierswithadetailedviewofcurrentlevelsofaccessforeachuser

Alertcertifierstopotentialpolicyviolations(e.g.thesameusercannothavepermissionstomakedepositsandreconcilebankstatements)

Approveorrejectindividuallineitemsineachcertification

Optiontorequireacommentforeachlineitemrejected

Givecertificationsa“Research”statusifinvestigation isrequired

Reassignindividualcertificationstoanothermanagerorresourceowner

Delegateallcertificationstoanothermanagerorresourceownerforaspecifiedtimeperiod

Giveeachcertifieradashboardshowingtotalnumberofcertificationscompletedandoutstanding,intotalandbrokendownbycertificationtype

Showeachcertifierthetotalnumberofcertificationsheorshehasacceptedandrejected,andthenumberaccepted andrejectedforeachuser,eachrole,andeachapplication or resource

Sendemailnotificationsofcertificationresultstousers

Optionallysendemailnotificationsofcertificationresultstomanagersandotherinterestedparties

19

20

Sendemailnotificationstocertifiers’managerifnoactiontakenafteraspecifiedtime

Escalateapprovaltocertifiers’managerifnoactiontakenafteraspecifiedtime

Createacompleteaudittrailofallactionsrelated tocertifications

Sendemailreminderstocertifiersofincompletecertifications

Access CertificationsScoring


Courion Option X

Overall assessment for Access Certifications

Comments:

20

21

AUDITS AND COMPLIANCE ANALYSIS

Primary participants: Auditors, compliance officers and risk managersAnIdentityandAccessGovernancesolutionshouldcaptureeveryactionrelatedtocreating,defining,modifyinganddeletingroles,torequestingandapprovingaccess,andtocertifyingpermissions.

Standardreportsshouldshowactionsrelatedtoaccessrequestsandapprovalsandcertificationreviews.

Itshouldbeeasytoexportallofthisdatatospreadsheets,databases,reportingtoolsandothersystemsso thatauditorsandcomplianceofficerscanusetheinformationtoverifycompliancewithregulationsand corporatepolicies.

AnIdentityandAccessGovernancesolutionshouldalsogobeyondbasicreportingbyincorporatingintelligentanalytics.Forexample,anorganizationshouldbeabletolookatactivityforaccountsthatarecertifiedbuthavenolog-insoractivity.Theyshouldbeabletoimproveriskassessment,forexamplebydeterminingwhichorphanaccountsrepresentthehighestriskandneedtobeaddressedfirst.Analyticscanalsobeusedforbettertrendanalysis,foruncoveringsubtlepolicyviolations,andfortrackingtheorganization’soverallcomplianceposture.Capabilitieslikethesearecoveredinthe“IdentityandAccessIntelligence”sectionofthisguide.

22

Audits and Compliance Analysis

Scoring (Yes/No,High/Med/Low,1-5scale,other)

Courion Option X

Captureallactionsrelatedtocreating,defining,modifyinganddeletingroles,andforapprovingmodificationstoroles

Captureallactionsrelatedtorequestingaccessandapprovingaccessrequests,includingreassigninganddelegatingapprovals

Captureallidentifiedpolicyviolations

Captureallactionsrelatedtocertifications,includinginitiatingcertificationsandapprovingandrejectingpermissions

CapturealldataneededtosupportauditsrelatedtoSOX,GLBA,HIPAA,PCIDSS,UKDataProtectionActandothergovernmentregulationsandindustrystandards

Capturedatashowingperformanceagainstkeymetrics (e.g.timetodisableaccountsofterminatedemployees, percentageofpermissionscertifiedquarterly)

Reportsshowingaccessrequestandapprovalactions

Reportsshowingaccessrequestsandapprovalsbytargetsystemandbyresource

Reportsshowingaccessrequestsandapprovalsby useraccounts

Reportsshowingcertificationreviewactionsandresults

Exportdatatospreadsheets,databasesandreportingtoolsforanalysisandreporting

ExportdatatoIdentityandAccessIntelligencetoolsfordataminingandsophisticatedanalyses

21

23


Courion Option X

Overall assessment for Audits and Compliance Analysis

Comments:


22

24

Primary participants: IAM analysts, resource owners, business managers, auditors, compliance officers and IT staffIdentityandAccessIntelligence(IAI)goesbeyondreportingtoaddtwocriticalcapabilitiestoIdentityandAccessGovernancesolutions:

1.Continuousmonitoring,todetectaccessissuesandpolicyviolationsquickly(ratherthanwaitingweeksor monthsforcertificationreviews).

2. “Bigdata”andadvancedanalytictoolstoprocessandinterpretmassivevolumesofidentityandaccessdata, toidentifyvulnerabilitiesandsubtlepolicyviolations.2

IdentityandAccessIntelligencetoolscanbeusedbyalmostalloftheindividualsdiscussedinthisdocument.

ThebasiccomponentsofanIdentityandAccessIntelligencesystemareshowninthediagrambelow.

2Enterprisestodaycaneasilygeneratebillionsofdatapointsrelatedtoidentitymanagement.Theseincludedataaboutidentities,resources,rights,policies,andidentityandaccess-relatedactivities.Anorganizationwith1,000systemusers,5,000useraccountsand1,000entitlementswouldneedtokeeptrackof5billioncombinations(1,000x5,000x1,000),andthatfiguredoesn’tincludeactionsperformedbythoseusers.IdentityandAccessIntelligencesolutionsneeddatawarehousingtoolstoprocessthosevolumesofinformation,andbusinessintelligenceanddatavisualizationtoolstohelppinpointmeaningfuldetails.FormoreinformationseetheCourionwhitepaperIdentity and Access Intelligence: How Big Data and Risk Analytics Will Revolutionize IAM.

IDENTITY AND ACCESS INTELLIGENCE: MONITORING AND ANALYSIS

OverviewofanIdentityandAccessIntelligenceSystem

25

Manytypesofidentityandaccess-relateddatafrommanytypesofsystemsanddevicesarecollectedcontinuouslyinadatawarehouse.Thisdataisanalyzedwithreferencetopolicies,compliancerules,threatdefinitions,and riskindicators.

Whenissuesandpolicyviolationsareidentified,eithertheyare automaticallyremediated,orrelevantmanagersandresourceownersarealertedsotheycantakeaction.

Sophisticateddatavisualizationandriskanalytictoolscanbeusedtofindpatternsincomplexdata,identify vulnerabilities,andpinpointpolicyviolations.Withconventionalreportingtools,manyofthesewouldremain hidden,orwouldhavebeendetectedonlyafterincidentshadalreadyoccurred.

AnIdentityandAccessIntelligencesystemcanmakeitmucheasiertouncovervulnerabilitiesandriskfactorslike:

•Orphanaccounts

•Rightsgrantedviainheritedpermissionsandnestedgroups

•Individualswhoseaccessrightssignificantlyexceednormsforpeopleintheirjobs

•Abnormalnumbersofrightsgrantedbyexception,oroutsidetheapprovedcorporateworkflow

Advancedanalytictoolslikeheatmapshelpusersuncoversubtlepolicyviolationsandcorrectlyprioritizerisks

26

Datavisualizationtoolscanhelpviewersassesswhatissuesshouldbethehighestprioritybasedonmultiple criteria.Inthe“heatmap”exampleonthispage,anautomatedanalysisshowsthatorphanaccountsBandCshouldbeaddressedbeforeorphanaccountA.AlthoughaccountAinvolvesthehighest-riskapplication,accountsBandCinvolvehigher-riskentitlementsandmoreactivity,andthereforerepresentmoreseriousrisksthatshouldbeaddressedfirst.Itwouldbeextremelydifficult,ifnotimpossible,toattainthisinsightwithconventionalreports.

AdditionalusesofIdentityandAccessIntelligencetoolsinclude:

•Alertingsecurityanalysts,anti-fraudgroupsandincidentresponseteamsto“privilegeescalation”andothersymptomsofpersistentthreatsandotherattacks.

•Trackingpositiveandnegativetrends.

•Analyzingmassiveamountsofidentityandaccessdataagainstpoliciesandcompany-definedmodelsof activitypatterns.

•Performing“what-if”analysisoftheimpactofpolicychanges.

IdentityandAccessIntelligencetoolscanbeacriticalpartofprovisioningaswellasIdentityandAccess Governancesolutions,butherewewillfocusonusesforgovernance.

27

Identity and Access Intelligence


Courion Option X

Provideoutoftheboxconnectorsandcollectorstogatherdatacontinuouslyfromenterprisedirectories,governancesolutions,policycreationtools,securityproductsandotherdatasources

Gatherinformationfromsourcesofunstructureddata(e.g.fileshares)aswellassourcesofstructureddata(databases)

ProvideETL(extract,transformandload)anddata warehousetoolstotransforminformationfromdisparatesystemsintoacommonformatsoitcanbecorrelated andanalyzed

Provide“Bigdata”businessanalysiscapabilitiestocorrelatemillionsorbillionsofidentity-resource-permissionrelationships

Detectorphanaccounts

DetectviolationsofSeparationofDuties(SoD)policies

Detectindividualswithpermissionsassociatedwith formerpositions

Detectfactorsassociatedwithvulnerabilities,suchassharedpasswords,weakpasswordsandveryoldaccounts

Detectrightsgrantedthroughexceptionsoroutsidetheapprovedworkflow(“outofband”)andtriggerreviewsbyresourceowners

Detectexcessivenumbersofaccountsorpermissions grantedbyanadministratororotherprivilegeduser

Detectrightsgrantedviainheritedpermissionsand nestedgroups

Detectindividualswithrightsinexcessofthoseinthesamedepartmentorwithsimilarroles

Detectriskindicators,suchasprivilegedaccountscreatedanddeletedwithinashortperiod,ormultiplefailedloginsfollowedbyasuccessfullogin

27

28

Overall assessment for Identity and Access Intelligence

Comments:

Identity and Access Intelligence


Courion Option X

Provideheatmapsandotheranalysisandvisualizationtoolstoidentifyhigh-riskandrecurringpolicyviolations

Automaticallyinitiatede-provisioningactionswhendangerousactivitiesaredetected

Automaticallyinitiatecertificationswhensuspiciousactivitiesorpermissionsaredetected

Automaticallyinitiatecertificationswhenrisklevelschange

Alertadministrators,managersandcomplianceofficersto“privilegeescalation”andothersymptomsofpersistentthreatsandotherattacks

Trackpositiveandnegativetrendsinaccessrequestsandpolicyviolations

Alertadministrators,managersandcomplianceofficerswhenpolicyviolationsaredetected

Providegraphsandreportstohighlightsourcesofrisk (e.g.individualswhodeviatefromgroupnormsorcausethemostpolicyviolations)

Performing“what-if”analysesoftheimpactofchanges (e.g.thenumberofpeopleoraccountsthatwouldbeaffectedbymodifyingapolicy)

28

29

SOLUTION DEPLOYMENT AND INTEGRATION

Primary participants: IT Staff (administrators, operations, applications, etc.)AnITorganizationshouldbeabletodeployanIdentityandAccessGovernancesolutioninashorttimeframe, withoutneedingtoinstallcomplexnewinfrastructureoracquirenewskills.Fastdeploymentlowersimplementationcostsandstartsgeneratingvaluefortheenterprisesooner.

Ongoingadministrationshouldbestraightforward,tominimizetheburdenontheITstaff.

IdentityandAccessManagementsystemsneedtointeractwithawidevarietyofexternalsystems,toshare informationaboutusers,roles,accessactivities,securityeventsandotherdata.Do-it-yourselfintegrationswiththesesystemscanbeverycostlytocodeandmaintain,andworkingonthemcandelayimplementation.Thereforeitisveryadvantageousifthesolutioncanbeintegratedwithaverywiderangeofsystemsandapplicationsusingout-of-the-boxconnectorssupportedbythevendor.

Thereshouldalsobetoolstofacilitatetherapiddevelopmentofcustomconnectorswhenout-of-the-boxsolutionsarenotavailable.

30

Solution Deployment and Integration


Courion Option X

Intuitivetoolsforinstallationandconfiguration

Littleornorequirementforprogrammingskillstoinstall andconfigure

Runonindustry-standardwebandapplicationserverssonospecializedinstallationormanagementskillsarerequired

Lightweightinfrastructure(e.g.noneedtoinstall middlewareoranenterprisedirectory)

Modulardesign–solutionmodulescanbedeployedin whateverorderprovidesthequickestbenefittothebusiness

Abilitytoextendthedatabaseschemaofthesolutiontoholdadditionaltypesofinformationfromintegratedsystemssuchasbusinessapplicationsandsecurityproducts

Out-of-theboxconnectorstoenterprisedirectoriesandaccesscontrolsystems(e.g.MicrosoftActiveDirectory,LDAP,OpenLDAP,IBMRACF,SunDirectoryServer,CA-ACF2)

Out-of-theboxconnectorstosystemswithindustrystandardoperatingsystems(e.g.RedHatLinux,SUSELinux,IBMAIX,IBMz/OS,HP-UX,Solaris)

Out-of-theboxconnectorstobusinessapplications(e.g.SAP,PeopleSoft,OracleE-BusinessSuite)

Out-of-theboxconnectorstodatabasesandcollaborationproducts(e.g.SQL,MySQL,OracleDatabase,Microsoft Exchange,NovellGroupWise,IBMLotus)

Out-of-theboxconnectorstoSIEM,DLPandothersecurityproducts(e.g.RSAAuthenticationManager,RSASecurID,CitrixSSO,ImprivataOneSign,RSADLPSuite,RSAenVision,McAfeeePO,SymantecDataLossPrevention)

30

31

Overall assessment for Deployment and Integration

Comments:



Courion Option X

Rapiddevelopmentkit(RDK)tointegratethesolutionwithothersystemswhenout-of-the-boxconnectorsare notavailable.

31

32

Summary of Assessments by Section


Courion Option X

Role Definition

Access Requests

Access Approvals

Access Certifications


Identity and Access Intelligence: Monitoring and Analysis


Overall assessment

Comments:

32

33

APPENDIX: OVERVIEW OF COURION PRODUCTS

GovernanceAccess Request ManagerCourion’saccessrequestsolutionprovidesintuitive,easytouseprocessesfor authorizeduserstocreate,reviewandapproveaccessrequests.

ComplianceCourier® Courion’saccesscertificationandcompliancemanagementsolutionprovidesorganizationstheabilitytoautomatetheverificationandremediationofaccessrights.Itextendstheresponsibilityand accountabilityforcompliancetothemostappropriateresources,enablingbusinessuserstomonitorandenforceaccesstosensitivedataandothervitalcorporateassets.Powerfulanalysistoolsprovideavisuallyrichinterfacethatmakesiteasiertomonitorcomplianceandreduceenterpriserisk.

RoleCourier®Courion’srolelifecyclemanagementsolutionautomatesrolecreationandongoingrolemanagement, enablingorganizationstoeffectivelyalignbusinessroleswithITaccountsandaccessrights.RoleCourier’suniquehybridapproachcombines“top-down”roledesignand“bottom-up”roleminingtocreateaplatformforrobustlong-termrolelifecyclemanagementthatflexiblyadaptstotoday’schangingbusinessenvironment.

Identity and Access IntelligenceAccess Insight®Courion’sIdentityandAccessIntelligencesolutionappliespredictiveanalyticstomanage business,people,assetandsecurityrisks,automaticallycreatingnear-real-timegraphicalprofilesofthemostcriticalsecurityriskstoinformation,aspartofatotalIdentityandAccessManagementstrategy.

ProvisioningAccountCourier®Courion’suserprovisioningsolutionenablesenterprisestofullyautomatenewhire,promotion/transferandterminationprocesses.Withitsflexibleworkflowengineandabilitytoconnecttomultipleauthoritativesources,AccountCourierprovidesacommonaccessmanagementenvironmentforbothITaccountsand physicalassets.

PasswordCourier®Courion’spasswordmanagementsolutionenforcesconsistentlystrongpasswordpolicies andenablesuserstoinstantlyandsecurelyresettheirownpasswordsonenterprisesystems,applications,andWebportals.Transparentsynchronizationletsusersuseonepasswordtoaccessmultiplesystems,improving convenience,enhancingsecurity,andincreasingadoption.Multipleself-serviceentrypointsareavailable,such asWeb,desktopPC,voiceauthentication,IVR,orviasupportstaff.

34

ForinformationontheseCourionproducts,pleasevisitwww.courion.comorcontactyourCourionrepresentative or reseller.

About CourionWithdeepexperienceandmorethan600customersmanagingover10millionidentities,CourionisthemarketleaderinIdentityandAccessManagement(IAM),fromprovisioningtogovernancetoIdentityandAccessIntelligence(IAI).Courionprovidesinsightfromanalyzingthebigdatageneratedfromanorganization’sidentityandaccessrelationshipssouserscanefficientlyandaccuratelyprovision,identifyandminimizerisks,andmaintaincontinuouscompliance.Asaresult,ITcostsarereducedandauditsexpedited.WithCourion,youcanconfidentlyprovideopenandcompliantaccesstoallwhilealsoprotectingcriticalcompanydataandassetsfromunauthorizedaccess.Formoreinformation,pleasevisitwww.courion.comorreadhttp://blog.courion.com.

World Headquarters COURIONCORPORATION 1900WestParkDrive Westborough,MAUSA01581 Phone:+1508-879-8400 Toll-free:1-866-COURION

APAC COURIONITPRIVATELTD 305,PridePurpleAccord, S.N.3/6/1BanerRoad, Pune,Maharashtra,India411045 Phone:+91(20)6687-9100

FOR MORE INFORMATION

Copyright©1996-2014CourionCorporation.Courion,theCourionlogo,AccessInsight,AccountCourier,CertificateCourier,PasswordCourier,ProfileCourier,RoleCourierareregisteredtrademarksofCourionCorporation.AccessAssuranceSuite,ComplianceCourier,andEnterpriseProvisioningSuitearetrademarksofCourionCorporation.Allrightsreserved.Thenamesofactualcompaniesandproductsmentionedhereinmaybethetrademarksoftheirrespectiveowners.

Anyrightsnotexpresslygrantedhereinarereserved.

Documents

IDENTITY AND ACCESS GOVERNANCE Buyer’s Guidecyber-edge.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Courion-White-Paper.pdfWelcome to the Courion Identity and Access Governance Buyer’s Guide