Identification and Control of Fungi Associated With the Post-harvest Rot of Solenostemon Rotundifolius (Poir)J.K. Morton in Adamawa State of Nigeria

7/30/2019 Identification and Control of Fungi Associated With the Post-harvest Rot of Solenostemon Rotundifolius (Poir)J.K. M

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Journal of Biology, Agriculture an

ISSN 2224-3208 (Paper) ISSN 2

Vol.3, No.5, 2013

Identification and crot ofSolenostemo

Aisha

1.Department

2.Department of Plant Sciences,

Abstract

Investigation into the fungi associ

Hausa Potato was carried out in the

University. Completely Randomiz

of Variance (ANOVA) and the me

(LSD). Four fungi Aspergillus ni

consistently isolated identified in p

Mean percentage incidence showe

16.47%,R. stolonifer14.38% andP.

control material against fungal rot

three organisms.

Key words: Solenostemon rotun

Rhizopus stolonifer.

1. IntroductionHausa potato [Solenostemon rotu

dicotyledonous annual herb belong

(Tindall, 1983). It is currently culti

menus (Jada et al., 2007). The plant

producing tubers (Blench, 1997) th

ash, 17mg calcium, 6 mg iron, 0.05

Denton, 2004). They are boiled,

combinations with other foods such

causes of post-harvest loss in trop

harvesting and post - harvest handli

tuber quality (Muktar and Abdullahpresent economic loss associated

odour (Cockerell et al. 1971) and p

2010). Although the use of synth

chemical control leads to environm

(Ebele, 2011). Ijato (2011) repor

environmentally non-hazardous, lo

expensive synthetic fungicides. Ma

and Terminalia avicenniodes. Thi

post-harvest rot ofSolenostemon rot

d Healthcare

225-093X (Online)

136

ntrol of Fungi associated with trotundifolius (Poir)J.K. Morto

State of Nigeria.

ohammed1 Ishaku Bajon Chimbekujwo2*and Basiri

of Biological Sciences, Federal College of Education,

odibbo Adama University of Technology, P.M.B. 20

Nigeria.

*[email protected]

ted with the post-harvest rot of Solenostemon rotu

teaching and research laboratory of the Department o

ed Design (CRD) was used and the data obtained w

ns that were significant were separated using the

er, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillum expansum an

ure cultures from the diseased tubers collected fro

that A. niger was the most prevalent with 19.69%

expansum 12.81%. The efficacy of Wood ash, saw d

evelopment was used. The three plant materials re

ifolius, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum,

difolius (Poir.)] J. K. Morton, (Hausa name-Tum

ing to the family Labiaceae (Schippers, 2002), origi

ated in many African countries (Ghana and Nigeria

grows on well drained loamy or sandy loam soil and

t contain 75% water, 1.4% protein, 0.5% fat, 21% ca

mg thiamine, 0.02 mg riboflavin, 1 mg niacin, 1 mg

aked, fried or roasted and eaten as snack or coo

as beans and cook vegetables (Grubben and Denton

ical root crops are pests and diseases due to fungi (F

ng techniques ( Mustapha and Yahya, 2006) with res

i, 2004, Kehinde and Kadiri 2006 and Basiri et al., 2ith discoloration on the crops, change in flavour, th

oduction mycotoxins harmful to human and livestoc

etic fungicides have been proved effective in control

ntal hazards associated with high cost and inaccessi

ted that plant parts, powders of plant parts, ash, a

cally available and can be cheaply maintained are

n (2012) reported the control of infectious diseases u

s paper is aimed at identification and control of th

undifolius.

www.iiste.org

he post-harvestin Adamawa

Bristone2

Adamawa State.

6, Yola, Adamawa State;

difolius (Poir).J.K.Morton,

f Biological sciences of the

re analyzed using Analysis

east Significant Difference

Rhizopus stolonifer were

the two markets in Yola.

followed by F. oxysporum

st and guinea corn chaff as

uced the rot caused by the

enicillium expansum and

uku), a root tuber and a

nated from tropical Africa

as a supplement in family

on ridges (Schippers, 2002),

rbohydrate, 0.1% fibre, 1%

ascorbic acid (Grubben and

ed with spices in various

, 2004). The most serious

O,1990) and as a result of

ultant 10-30% reduction in

11). Infection of the tubersreby giving off unpleasant

(Oguntade and Adekunle,

ling some phytopathogens,

bility to indigenous farmers

queous extracts which are

suitable alternatives to the

singAnogeissus leiocarpus

fungi associated with the


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Vol.3, No.5, 2013

2. Materials and Methods

2.1 Collection of SamplesA total of three thousand and two h

were collected from Yola town and

longitude 1220 to 1230E. Samp

points randomly in the markets. Bo

diseased tubers were incubated in s

(25x20x19cm) were purchased fro

2.2 Collection and Preparation of

Guinea corn (Sorghum bicolor) cha

at Jimeta and wood ash was obtain

of each of the plant materials in fou

2.3 Isolation and Identification of

Portion of the diseased tubers ofSo

sterile scissors which was flamedsurface sterilized with 0.01% merc

and blotted dry with sterile Whatm

containing solidified potato dextros

for 4 days. Fungal colonies that

and incubated at 2830oC for 4 days

2.4 Identification of Isolated Fung

Microscopic examination was car

morphological and cultural charact

Alexopoulus and Mius (1986) and S

2.5 Pathogenicity Tests

Healthy Solenostemon rotundifoliu

sterilized with 0.01% HgCl2 for on

cork borer was driven to a depth o

diameter disc of the culture was cut

was sealed with sterile vesper prep

that sterile agar was used instead

inoculated and four controls were

under aseptic conditions as adopte

made and isolation of any pathogeni

were conducted in the laboratory us

(1984). All the experiments were r

(ANOVA), while the means that

probability level (P


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Vol.3, No.5, 2013

The fungi isolated from diseased tu

oxysporum, Penicillium expansum

19.69% of rots observed, followed

expansum 12.81% (Table 1). Path

and R. stolonifercaused rot as ino

tubers. A. nigerhad the highest m

2). The preservatives (guinea cor

inoculated Solenostemon rotundifol

7.81% was recorded in the control,

ash, which also has remarkable red

However,Aspergillus nigerappeare

4. Discussion

The results of the study showed th

and Rhizopus stolonifer, were isolatA. niger was responsible for abo

Abdullahi (2004) and Umaret al. (2

respectively reported the same re

(Mustapha and Yahya, 2006, Naure

many root and tuber crops in Nigeri

the tubers inoculated with the fung

effects on the fungi which might ha

5. Conclusion

The findings of this study have s

Rhizopus stolonifer were responsib

which have fungicidal properties

alternative methods of reducing huthus minimizing post-harvest losses.

6. References

Alexopoulus, C.I. and Mius C.W. (1

Sans, Pp204-340.

Basiri, B., Chimbekujwo, I. B. and

[Ipomoea batatas (Linn.) Lam.] In

Journal for the Tropics. 8 (1): 129-1

Blench, R.M. (1997). A Neglected S

Sector Respond.National Resource

Chimbekujwo, I. B. (1994). Two Po

of Technology and Development4:2

Cockerell, I.B., Francis, B. and Hali

during Storage. Proc. Centre Govt.

Ebele, M.L. (2011). Evaluation of S

papaya L.) Rot Fungi.Journal of A

Food and Agricultural Organisation

Frazier, W. C. (1978). Food Microbi

Frazier, W. C. (1978).Food Microbi

Gomez, K. A. and Gomez, A.A. (19

and Sons. Pp 680.

Grubben, G. J. H. and Denton, O. A.

Wageningen, Netherlands Back Hu

Ijato, J.Y. (2011). Inhibitory Effects

d Healthcare

225-093X (Online)

138

ers ofSolenostemon rotundifolius were identified as

nd Rhizopus stolonifer.Aspergillus niger was found

by Fusarium oxysporum, 16.47%, Rhizopus stoloni

ogenicity tests of the isolates revealed that A. niger,

ulated hausa potato tubers developed rot symptoms

ean rot diameter of 22.35mm while P. expansum had

n chaff, saw dust, and wood ash) significantly (P

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Identification and Control of Fungi Associated With the Post-harvest Rot of Solenostemon Rotundifolius (Poir)J.K. Morton in Adamawa State of Nigeria