Identical magnets are stuck at three radii on a rotating disc. The angular velocity of the disc is...
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Identical magnets are stuck at three radii on a rotating disc. The angular velocity of the disc is continually increased. What will happen to the magnets? 1. The magnets will remain attached to the disc. 2. The magnets will be thrown from the disc all at the same time. 3. The magnets will be thrown from the disc outermost first and innermost last.
Identical magnets are stuck at three radii on a rotating disc. The angular velocity of the disc is continually increased. What will happen to the magnets?
Identical magnets are stuck at three radii on a rotating disc.
The angular velocity of the disc is continually increased. What
will happen to the magnets? 1.The magnets will remain attached to
the disc. 2.The magnets will be thrown from the disc all at the
same time. 3.The magnets will be thrown from the disc outermost
first and innermost last. 4.The magnets will be thrown from the
disc innermost first and outermost last. 5.Something else.
Slide 2
Non-Uniform Circular Motion Remember that if the velocity is
not constant there is also a component of the acceleration parallel
to the direction of the velocity. (Assuming the velocity only has a
tangential component.) Radial force changes direction. Tangential
force changes speed. Motion in Accelerated (Non-Inertial) Reference
Frames Newtons laws are only valid for inertial reference frames!
In accelerated reference frames objects seem to accelerate in the
presence of a force, where there is no force to cause this
acceleration. This force is called a fictitious force, since it
does not exist. A fictitious force has no action-reaction partner.
Example: As car goes around a curve, the passenger slides towards
the door on the outside of the curve. The person seems to be pushed
towards the door due to a Centrifugal Force. The centrifugal force
is a fictitious force. The car is accelerating, but the passenger
is continuing to move in a straight line path that is tangential to
the curve. The door exerts a force on the passenger to keep them
inside the car.
Slide 3
Motion in the Presence of Resistive Forces. Resistive forces
are forces that impede the motion of an object, with the most
common being drag. Resistive forces usually depend on some
characteristic of the motion, such as the speed of the object. One
example of a resistive force is air drag, which is approximated by
the expression shown below. This particular expression can only be
used to approximate air drag for an object at high speeds. Notice
that this resistive force depends on the square of the velocity and
the cross-sectional area of the object. R Resistive Force Air Drag
[N] D Drag Coefficient [Dimensionless] Density of air [kg/m 3 ] A
Cross-Sectional Area [m 2 ] v Speed of the object [m/s] Example: An
object is dropped from rest at a very high altitude. As the object
falls what happens? The speed of the object increases which
increases the drag. The resistive force will eventually reach the
weight of the object, how does the motion change when this occurs?
The weight of the object will be equal to the drag. No
Acceleration. What can you say about the motion now? The object is
now falling at a constant speed called Terminal speed. Depends on
the shape of the object. D 0.5 for a sphere. Resistive forces can
never cause an object to start moving in the opposite
direction.
Slide 4
Example: A cubic box with sides 20 cm long and a mass of 20 kg
is dropped from a high altitude. The density of air is 1.29 kg/m 3
and the box has a drag coefficient of 0.75. (Assume gravitational
acceleration is the near Earth value.) a)What is the acceleration
of the box when the resistive force is equal to 60% of the weight
of the box? b)What is the terminal speed of the box? c)What
percentage of the weight would the resistive force have to be to
cause an acceleration of 7.5 m/s 2 ? R W a) b) 0 c) The net
acceleration of the box is in the negative y-direction. y
Slide 5
Mechanics Energy and Momentum
Slide 6
CH 5: Kinetic Energy, work and Power
Slide 7
What is energy? Energy is an abstract quantity used to describe
our ability to do something. E.g.: Describes motion and changes to
motion, the likelihood that chemical reactions take place,
possibility of electron transitions to generate light, etc. We are
more familiar with types of energy or noticing changes due to
energy transfer What are some of the main classification we use for
energy? Mechanical energy Electrical Energy Internal Energy Nuclear
Energy What are some types of energy transfer? Heat Conduction
Convection Radiation Methods of transferring energy. Flow of energy
between two points We will only be discussing mechanical energy at
this time. We will be using the concept of energy to develop new
techniques for looking at dynamic systems and their interactions
with their environment. We will begin by defining what we mean by
system and environment. System Small part of the universe we are
examining. Single particle or object Collection of particles or
objects Region of space Environment Everything not in the
system.