I.D.E.A and A.D.AI.D.E.A and A.D.AFederal Legislation Directing Federal Legislation Directing

Special Education for Children Special Education for Children with Special Needswith Special Needs

Courtney Lapham-SimpsonCourtney Lapham-Simpson

ObjectivesObjectives Discuss the specific federal laws of I.D.E.A Discuss the specific federal laws of I.D.E.A

and A.D.A.and A.D.A. Review the purpose and applications of Review the purpose and applications of

I.D.E.A. and A.D.A.I.D.E.A. and A.D.A. Identify for whom I.D.E.A. and A.D.A were Identify for whom I.D.E.A. and A.D.A were

designed and why. designed and why. Obtain a clear understanding of how Obtain a clear understanding of how

I.D.E.A and A.D.A assist disabled and I.D.E.A and A.D.A assist disabled and special education children. special education children.

Individuals with Disabilities in Individuals with Disabilities in Education Act (I.D.E.A)Education Act (I.D.E.A)

Created in 1974 insuring all children receive Created in 1974 insuring all children receive free and appropriate education. free and appropriate education.

Prior to 1974 children with special needs Prior to 1974 children with special needs didn’t have rights to education or special didn’t have rights to education or special services.services.

Reauthorized in June 1997 by the Clinton Reauthorized in June 1997 by the Clinton Administration Administration -Emphasized the importance of parents and -Emphasized the importance of parents and

educators working as team members. educators working as team members. -Meshed special and general education -Meshed special and general education

teachers. teachers.

Referral Referral Districts have the responsibility to ensure Districts have the responsibility to ensure

that every child that might need special that every child that might need special ed. be evaluated. ed. be evaluated.

Districts also have the responsibility to Districts also have the responsibility to create relationships between schools and create relationships between schools and medical professionals. medical professionals.

Referral in the form of a letter for special Referral in the form of a letter for special ed. can be made by a pediatrician, parent, ed. can be made by a pediatrician, parent, or educator.or educator.

After referral a meeting is arranged with After referral a meeting is arranged with parents to discuss the need for an parents to discuss the need for an evaluation.evaluation.

Evaluation Evaluation Parental consent for evaluation and Parental consent for evaluation and

placement mandatory.placement mandatory.

Multidisciplinary and comprehensive Multidisciplinary and comprehensive evaluation.evaluation.

Assessment of the impact of the disability Assessment of the impact of the disability on child’s learning.on child’s learning.

Individualized Education Program Individualized Education Program (I.E.P)(I.E.P)

A method for specifying, monitoring, & A method for specifying, monitoring, & revising an individual education plan for revising an individual education plan for

children with special needs. children with special needs.

Details the impact of the disability on Details the impact of the disability on the child. the child.

Lists annual and short term objects Lists annual and short term objects tailored to fit each child. tailored to fit each child.

Lists specific ways to over come Lists specific ways to over come obstacles. obstacles.

Implementation of ServicesImplementation of Services 1997-Inclusion made it a priority to 1997-Inclusion made it a priority to

place special education students place special education students with general education students.with general education students.

If a child requires special education If a child requires special education they are physically moved or they are physically moved or services will be brought to them.services will be brought to them.

Congress strengthened the Congress strengthened the requirements for special education to requirements for special education to be a set of services.be a set of services.

Services for Special EducationServices for Special Education Speech, language, and audiology services Speech, language, and audiology services Physical, psychological, or occupational Physical, psychological, or occupational

therapiestherapies Support or learning consultant or aid in Support or learning consultant or aid in

classroomclassroom Non-academic i.e.-transportation Non-academic i.e.-transportation Recreational opportunities Recreational opportunities Parent counseling and trainingParent counseling and training Sensitivity training for non-disabledSensitivity training for non-disabled

Duration of Services Duration of Services

Students with disabilities have academic Students with disabilities have academic requirements. requirements.

Re-evaluation must be conducted. Re-evaluation must be conducted.

Termination of services can occur for 2 Termination of services can occur for 2 reasons:reasons:-Graduation with a regular high school -Graduation with a regular high school diploma.diploma.

-Aging out- 21 years or the age determined by -Aging out- 21 years or the age determined by the state. the state.

Americans with Disabilities Act Americans with Disabilities Act (A.D.A.)(A.D.A.)

Passed on July 26, 1990. Passed on July 26, 1990.

GuaranteesGuarantees -employment opportunities-employment opportunities -services provided by state or local governments-services provided by state or local governments -access to public accommodations -access to public accommodations -private and public transportation -private and public transportation -opportunity to use telecommunications-opportunity to use telecommunications

““Disabled” defined as a major impairment of Disabled” defined as a major impairment of major life activities including:major life activities including:-Caring for oneself -Preparing manual tasks -Learning-Caring for oneself -Preparing manual tasks -Learning-Walking -Seeing -Working -Walking -Seeing -Working -Hearing -Hearing -Speaking -Speaking

Who Must Comply? Who Must Comply? What are the requirements?What are the requirements?

Early childhood facilities are part of the Early childhood facilities are part of the definition of public accommodations.definition of public accommodations. -nursery’s-nursery’s-daycare’s-daycare’s

The law requires centers to have/doThe law requires centers to have/do-physical access to establishment-physical access to establishment-a continuing obligation for compliance-a continuing obligation for compliance-new construction (when needed)-new construction (when needed)-modifications in polices, practices, and procedures-modifications in polices, practices, and procedures-accommodations shall be free of charge -accommodations shall be free of charge -transportation-transportation

SummarySummary I.D.E.A is a standardized way to refer, I.D.E.A is a standardized way to refer,

evaluate, implement specialized learning evaluate, implement specialized learning techniques, and monitor children who techniques, and monitor children who qualify for special education. qualify for special education.

I.D.E.A emphasizes a close relationship I.D.E.A emphasizes a close relationship between parent and educator for the best between parent and educator for the best possible outcome for the child.possible outcome for the child.

A.D.A sets standards that need to be met A.D.A sets standards that need to be met for peoples with disabilities. for peoples with disabilities.

A.D.A details the specific requirements for A.D.A details the specific requirements for childcare facilities to adhere to for children childcare facilities to adhere to for children with disabilities. with disabilities.

Sources Sources

A New IDEA for Special Education.A New IDEA for Special Education. Dir. Grace M. Dir. Grace M. Hanion. Edvantage Media, Inc. 1998.Hanion. Edvantage Media, Inc. 1998.

Complying with the 2006 IDEA Part B Regulations. Complying with the 2006 IDEA Part B Regulations. Dir. Melinda Baird. LRP Publications, 2007.Dir. Melinda Baird. LRP Publications, 2007.

Making the ADA Work for You. Making the ADA Work for You. Dir. Mill & Wright. Barr Dir. Mill & Wright. Barr Films.Films.

Rab, Y. Victoria, and Karren I. Wood. Rab, Y. Victoria, and Karren I. Wood. Child Care and Child Care and the ADA: A Handbook for Inclusive Programsthe ADA: A Handbook for Inclusive Programs. . Maryland: Brookes Publishing Co, 1995.Maryland: Brookes Publishing Co, 1995.

Available in the library in the Center for Development Available in the library in the Center for Development and Disability and Disability http://cdd.unm.edu/linc/http://cdd.unm.edu/linc/ (505) 272- (505) 272-63806380