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House of Burgesseso First elected assembly in Americao Founded in Jamestown, VAo 22 villages each elected a representedo Contained an upper and lower houseo Later adopted by each colonyo Influential people serve in house

Washington Madison Jefferson

o Adopted by U.S. as legislative branch Henry the Navigator

o King of Portugalo Started a Navigation Schoolo Developed lots of new technologies

Took ideas from Muslims Astrolabe Compass

Created a new type of boat the Caravel Allowed for Cross Atlantic travel

o Found trade route to Indies Below and around Africa

o Settled trade posts along coast of Africao Africans didnt have anything worth value at the timeo Ended up trading for slaves

Columbian Exchangeo A widespread exchange of animals, plants, culture, disease, and ideas between Native

Americans and Europeans

o Europeans brought back Syphiliso Horses and Cattle migrated to the North from S. Americao Settlers started taming horses to round up cattleo Pigs were great because they acted as a garbage disposal, and they mated fast

Cortezo Explored Americaso Had strict orders not to engage with nativeso Queen promised land and titles to conquistadorso Spanish sent conquistadors and priests to New Worldo Bernal Diaz Lieutenant who went on expedition with Cortez wrote a journalo Lands in America, fights with natives, women offer a peace treatyo Chose Dona Marina as wife

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Native American Learned Spanish

o Went to Aztecs to get goldo Montazuma (Leader of Aztecs) tried to buy them offdidnt worko Invited into cityo Montazuma didnt trust Cortez ordered him killed but Cortez found outo Escaped with half his men and some gold and silvero Went back to meet ship, ship wouldnt go to Aztec so he burned the ship down so that

there was nowhere to go

o Went to Aztecs and destroyed city Pizzaro

o Spanish Explorero Conquered Incas what is now Peruo Showed Spain the possible wealth in the Americaso Killed by his own men

Encomienda Systemo System for how the Spanish colonies in Latin America were to be settled and runo Supposed to convert the Native Americans to the Catholic fateo Teach Native Americans the Spanish languageo Forced Indians into a form of slaveryo To be a ruler, one must be born in Spain

Junipero Serrao Spanish Friaro Settled the first 9 Spanish missions in Californiao Similar to Las Casaso Worked under the Encomienda Systemo Later made a saint

Las Casaso Spanish Friaro Advocated for the rights of Native Americanso One of first Spanish settlers in Americaso Worked under the Encomienda Systemo Similar to Junipero Serra

Samuel De Champlain

Roanoke Colonyo Englishs first attempt at a colony in Americao Sponsored by Sir Walter Raleigho Located in modern day North Carolinao Disappeared, known as the Lost Colony

Jamestowno Second English colony

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o Located in Virginiao Funded by a joint-stock company called the Virginia Companyo Within 3 months half the original settlers were dead

Puritanso Group of English Protestants who believed in purifying the church from withino Moved to Americas for religious freedomso Salem witch trialso Banned music, theatre, poetry

Pilgrims Quakers Oglethorpe Anne Hutchinson

o Well-educated, intelligent womeno Believed in faith and Gods graceo Tried for heresy, convicted and banished by Puritans

Roger Williamso Minister in Salem Bayo Banished by Puritans for radical ideaso Moved to present day Rhode Island and founded a new colonyo First colony to allow freedom of religion

Thomas Hooker Bacons Rebellion Mercantilism Middle Passage

o The shipping route that brought the slaves to the Americas across the Atlantico Middle leg of the triangle trade routeo Horrible conditions on boatso Usually 15%-35% of the slaves died

Great Awakeningo 1740so Whitefield and Edwards

Circuit preachers Scared people back to religion

o Religious revival in Americao Effort to maintain Puritan theocracy

Pequot Waro War between the Pequot tribe and the Englisho Dispute over the Connecticut Valleyo English killed 400 and burned the main village

King Phillips Waro Metacomet or King Phillips leader of Native Americans

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o Fight between British and Native American allieso Killed 1/3 of Boston

Pontiaco Ottawa war chiefo Rallied groups of tribes and attacked colonial outposts

William Pitto British Politiciano Idea to concentrate forces in one area at a timeo Started focus on Americaso Wanted General Wolf to lead attack on Quebec

Worked with each other before Wolf was shot and killed in battle along with French general Treaty of Paris

French defeat Canada becomes duo

Proclamation line 1763o Forbid colonists from settling west of the Appalachianso British didnt want to deal with Indianso Affected colonists who lived on the frontier

Sugar Acto Tax on all foreign sugar and sugar products imported into colonieso 1765o Sugar isnt molasses molasses act earlier in the century

Writs of Assistanceo

Created to enforce sugar acto Give British the power to search homes, businesses, and boats for smuggled goodso 1765o Reason for needing warrant in current U.S. governmento Affects businesses on the coast, and smugglers

Currency Acto Forbid colonies to issue paper moneyo Parliament had complaints about colonists use of paper moneyo Originally use of gold and silver coinso 1765

Stamp Act 1765o Tax on all legal documents and licenseso Tax on goods produced within the colonieso Effected everyone but particularly lawyers, and other literate and wealthy meno Stamp Act Crisis caused meeting of First Continental Congresso All colonies agreed to boycott act and it worked for a year

Declatory Act

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o Asserted that British government had the right to tax and legislate in all cases in allcolonies

o Caused by repeal of Stamp Acto 1766

Townshend Dutieso Tax on goods imported from Englando Used to pay tax collectorso Created new courts and offices to enforce British law in Americao Suspended NY legislatureo Colonies boycott and is repealed a year later

Boston Massacreo Response to Townshend actso Nervous soldiers were provoked by an angry crowdo Killed and injured 11 civilianso 1770

Gaspee Incident Tea Act Tea Party

o Boston, MA 1773o A group of Sons of Liberty disguised as Mohawk Indians dumped approximately 10,000

of tea into the Boston Harbor

o In response to the British making the East India Tea Company a monopoly and imposingthe Tea Acts

Intolerable Acts

Lexington and Concord