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Centre for Sustainable Communications
ICT for Sustainable Cities: How ICT can support an environmentally sustainable development in cities. 1Anna Kramers, 1Mattias Höjer, 2Nina Lövehagen, 1Josefin Wangel 1KTH Royal Institute of Technologies, Environmental Strategies Research, Centre for Sustainable Communication 2Ericsson AB
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To explore to what extent ICT can support an environmentally sustainable development in cities using a consumption perspective on energy.* *slightly modified compared to written paper
Aim
Analytical framework to explore the potential to decrease energy use by ICT
ICT Opportunity
Energy use per household functions
Demateralization Demobilization Mass customization
Intelligent operation
Soft transformation
Personal (35%)
Housing (32%)
Food (13%)
Care (11%)
Common (5%)
Support (4%)
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• Demateralization – physical artefacts are replaced by digital signals or miniaturized
• Demobilization – transport of dematerialized goods and travel are replaced by digital communication
• Mass customization – less consumption of resources (goods or services) through intelligent adaptation or personalization
• Intelligent operation – smarter operations of flows and processes. i.e. energy, water, transportation
Main principles for how ICT can contribute to reduce environmental impacts in Cities. 1(2)(Mitchell, 2000)
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Main principles for how ICT can contribute to reduce environmental impacts in Cities. 2(2)(Mitchell, 2000)
Sof
t tr
ansf
orm
atio
n of
ph
ysic
al in
fras
truc
ture
Dematerialization
Demobilization
Mass customization
Intelligent operation
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• Temporal scope Reference year: 2000 Target year: 2050
• Object i.e. spatial boundary/activities included Greater Stockholm labour market which includes 26 municipalities. All activities in society are included
• Unit Energy use/capita
• Range Consumer perspective
Assumptions from Höjer et al., 2011
System Boundaries (Kramers et al., 2012)
Energy use (%) per household function Stockholm 2000 (Höjer 2011)
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Largest energy use combined with ICT opportunity
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ICT Opportunity
Energy use per household functions
De- materalization
De-mobilization
Mass customization
Intelligent operation
Soft transformation
Personal (35%) Leisure travel Leisure travel and transport
of goods
Housing (32%) Residential heating
Food (13%)
Care (11%) Heating of public facilities
Common (5%)
Support (4%)
Opportunity indicator (work in progress)
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Indicator Captured Missed Feasible Possible Seed
Opportunity for reduction
of energy
Opportunity Captured
Opportunity Missed
Feasible Opportunity
New Opportunity
Seed for an opportunity
Status of ICT Solution
Exist in the market
Exist in the market
Known, exist as pilots or prototypes
Known, exist as ideas Unknown
Usage Utilized to full potential
Not utilized to full potential Not utilized Not utilized Not utilized
Ranking of ICT opportunity (Work in progress)
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ICT Opportunity
Energy use per household functions
Demateralization Demobilization Mass customization
Intelligent operation
Soft transformation
Personal (35%) Captured Missed Possible Feasible Possible
Housing (32%) Possible Feasible Possible
Food (13%) Feasible Feasible Possible
Care (11%) Captured Possible Feasible Possible
Common (5%) Captured Possible Feasible Possible
Support (4%) Missed Possible Feasible Possible
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• There is a great potential to reduce energy within demobilization and intelligent operation of transport, travel and heating
• Important ICT solutions might be missed since
most cities use a producer perspective. For example Stockholm’s climate targets cover only 50-60 percent of total energy use
Conclusions
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Thank you!
Anna Kramers Centre for Sustainable Communications [email protected] cesc.kth.se
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Opportunity indicator (work in progress)
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Status of ICT Solution
Exist in the market
Exist in the market
Known, exist as pilots or prototypes
Known, exist as ideas Unknown
Usage Utilized to full potential
Not utilized to full potential Not utilized Not utilized Not utilized
Opportunity for reduction
of energy
Opportunity Captured
Opportunity Missed
Feasible Opportunity
New Opportunity
Seed for an opportunity
Indicator Captured Missed Feasible Possible Seed
