IMPLICATIONS OF SOCIO-AGRARIAN CONFLICT BETWEEN PTPN VII CINTA MANIS WITH VILLAGERS OF

ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT CONTEXT IN OGAN ILIR OF SOUTH

SUMATRA PROVINCE

Afriantoni(Doctoral Student Graduate Program, State University of Jakarta Program Study

Education Management, Vice Chairman of the Provincial Board Indonesia Farmers Association South Sumatra and Director of the Strategic Studies Center

of Education Policy of South Sumatra Province)

Abstract

Socio-agrarian conflict in South Sumatra is still going on, there are still many cases of land between company and community has not yet been resolved completely. Some land disputes in South Sumatra occurred between BUMN with villagers. Socio-agrarian conflict becoming victims died. One of disputed land in South Sumatra occurred between villagers Ogan Ilir. Socio-agrarian conflict casualties. Agrarian conflicts and BUMN plantation sector is derived from conflict over land rights. That need to be revealed to research problem: What is background of socio-agrarian conflict between PTPN VII Cinta Manis with villagers Ogan Ilir in South Sumatra Province?. How implications of socio-agrarian conflict on economy for villagers in sustainable development context in Ogan Ilir?. How implications of socio-agrarian conflict on environment for villagers in sustainable development context in Ogan Ilir?. Purpose of this study was to describe meaning of descriptive analytic based on facts through phenomena observed in the field. Phenomena observed and explored through in-depth interviews, observation and documentation studies assessed on socio-agrarian conflict in South Sumatra Province. Results on study describe socio-agrarian conflict occur due to improper handling and incomplete. Settlement of conflict is only superficial. Government is only focusing on the issue of violence, perpetrators, victims, and did not touch the issue of agrarian as core problem. Socio-agrarian conflict affect villagers of low productivity in managing land and make a living, because it affected a tense situation. Then, physical damage to environment occurs for example home, garden and office damaged by conflict. Of course, this also affects sustainable development stagnated in plantation sector.

Keywords: implications, socio-agrarian conflict, economic, environmental, sustainable development

1

BACKGROUND

Ogan Ilir has an area of 2666.07 km2, is geographically located between 30 02 '

and 30 48' South Latitude and between 1040 20 'to 104 048' East longitude. Ogan

Ilir with administrative boundaries northern borders with Banyuasin regency,

Palembang and Muara Enim regency. South side adjacent to the Ogan Komering

Ulu (OKU). Then, at the eastern border with Ogan Komering Ilir (OKI) and East

OKU. Meanwhile, the western border with the district of Muara Enim and

Prabumulih city.

The number of districts in Ogan Ilir many as 16 districts, and the number

of villages is 227 villages and villages as many as 14 villages. Sub-district is

Rambang Kuang Village widest area of 528.82 km2, followed by village of

Indralaya Utara an area of 502.47 km2, Muara Kuang area of 300.75 km2, District

of Tanjung Batu area of 263.75 km2, covering an area of 71.08 km2 Indralaya the

District. While the narrowest districts are District of Rantau Panjang which covers

40.85 km2. The number is the highest village in the district villages Pemulutan

many as 25 villages, as many as 19 sub-district of Tanjung Batu village, District

Indralaya with 17 villages and 3 village, sub-district and village of Tanjung Raja

15 4 North Indralaya village and sub-district with 15 villages and 1 sub.

With an area of significant, then the region has the potential for conflict.

Conflict is a part of democracy, as one of the hallmark of the democratic order is

the existence of opportunities for freedom of thought, consensus and dissent, and

political participation, peaceful conflict management and restriction-pembantasan

2

violence; as well as the extent of trust and loyalty to the constitutional and

democratic governance. That's necessary efforts to think rationally, promoting

consensus, be tolerant and maintain relationship harmony amid differences in

order to minimize conflict issues in both prevention and treatment of social

conflict (Jimly - Safa'at, 2012: 9).

Indonesia is not only a democratic state, but the state law. Law above all

else, even democracy can not necessarily against or violate applicable laws. When

democracy recognizes the law, then the law is a social tool that is specific.

Therefore between law, morality and religion, have in common that prohibits

conflicts leading to the killing of the country or other community (Jimly - Safa'at,

2012: 9). That is why the state needs to anticipate in terms of both social conflict

and the effectiveness of early prevention of conflict resolution as a form of

effective conflict management.

One of the provinces that have great wealth is in South Sumatra has the

fifth largest natural resources, it has a great potential for social conflict. In fact, a

number of conflicts involving land disputes, not something new in this area.

Mostly vertical case confronts the public with estate investors is a case that

happened a long time and often repeated in this province. Conflict in South

Sumatra has become a public issue to the national level. Land conflicts in South

Sumatra with a more prominent plantation very multi-complex.

Land conflicts in South Sumatra is still going on, there are still many cases

of land between the company and the community has not yet terselasaikan to its

conclusion. Land disputes in Ogan Komering Ilir (OKI) and Ogan Ilir. In the

3

2012-2013 conflict in South Sumatra that resulted in fatalities was sticking to the

national media that case Sodong village, OIC. At the time of treatment has not

been completed appear again the case of land between villagers and plantation PT

Nusantara VII (Persero) Cinta Manis were also casualties. Continues even happen

anymore land disputes between citizens of the Air Force in Palembang which if

not handled quickly and peacefully.

Plantation PT Nusantara VII (Persero) abbreviated PTPN VII, formed

under PP 12 In 1996, dated February 14, 1996, the Company's status as a State

Owned Enterprise (SOE) is a merger of the gardens in Lampung region, South

Sumatra and Bengkulu from ex PTP X, XI PTP, PTP XXIIII danPTP XXXI.

Commodity businesses seek PTPN VII commodity palm oil, rubber, tea, cocoa,

sugar cane and horticulture with an area of 76740.11 hectares concession area.

Cultivation of oil palm cultivated on an area of 31 874 ha, 34 439 ha of rubber, tea

1,500 ha, 20 ha of cocoa, sugar cane and horticulture 50 20,400 ha ha. In addition

to planting commodity in its own area + core, PTPN VII also manages Plasma

area covering 65 335 ha from farmers to plant oil palm area of 23 868 ha and 31

467 ha of rubber. while the area of 5,502 ha of sugarcane intensification. Gardens

owned by PTPN VII plantings totaling 25 units, one of which is Cinta Manis.

Activity units / Enterprises addition PTPN VII garden business unit also has a

number of sugar factories which produce sugar Cinta Manis.

Business units in PTPN VII Cinta Manis got land related protests and

environmental pollution. According to Anwar Sadat (Walhi Executive Director of

South Sumatra) that acts PTPN VII Cinta Manis on land over the function not just

4

inconsistency companies. However, the firm violated the mandate of the Act. The

law expressly their support to the community. Meanwhile, according to records

there are 44 cases of BPN agrarian South Sumatra occurred a continuous basis

throughout 2012 (Sumatra Ekspress, 2012).

In South Sumatra province agrarian conflict has reached its nadir. Weak

political will to make policy makers agrarian disputes in increased chronic

Sriwijaya earth. Indonesian Environmental Forum (Walhi) of South Sumatra

mention, inequality of land tenure is a major contributor to the agrarian conflict

that is currently emerging. According to the South Sumatra Walhi, administrative

area of the province is only 8.7 million hectares (ha). Now as many as 4.9 million

hectares or about 56.32 percent of the land owned by the company with details of

1.2 million ha of plantation forests (HTI), 1 million ha of oil palm plantations, and

2.7 million ha of coal mining. If paired with a population of 7 million people, then

each soul tenure ranging from 0.5 hectares only.

So do not be surprised if over the last three years the number of disputes

lodged agrarian society continues to increase. In 2009 there were 18 complaints of

agrarian disputes, in 2010 the number increased to 27, in 2011 there were 32

complaints. Likewise with the land dispute between the people of Ogan Ilir with

PTPN VII Sweet Love Business unit, or rather citizens 20 villages of 6 districts in

Ogan Ilir incorporated in the Unified Movement of Peasants Penesak (GPPB),

consisting of the villages Sribandung, Tj. Sea, Tj. Pinang, Tj. Roof, Tj. New Petai,

Sentul, Limbang Jaya (districts Tanjung Stone), Village Sri Kembang, Rengas,

Lubuk Bandung (districts Payarman), Village Ketiau, Betong, Payalingkung,

5

Lubuk Keliat, (District of Lubuk Keliat), Village Meranjat 1 & 2, Meranjat Ilir,

(District of Indralaya south) and the village of Tj. Gelam, Tj.Sejaroh, Tj.Agung

Sejaro Way (Indralaya the District Parent) Then village Sri Ngilam in Districts of

Tanjung Raja.

According to Ahmad Syahril as suggested by Sri Utami that agrarian

conflicts occur more due to "the act of a company that is often unjust division of

land or compensation to the community. The company does not realize its

promise, such as plasma and compensation is not appropriate "(Sumatra Ekpress,

2012). In addition, there is a difference with the previous Act. Previous

governments could take land without people's consent. According to Law No. 2 of

2012, the government could no longer take the field prior to the approval of

society it first.

Based on the explanation ata, trigger this conflict is not solely from

agrarian interests. But there is also the role of the social life of one who is

believed to come from economic interests, cultures and religions that have an

impact on the environment when examined further ingrained in each of these

areas. However, the opportunity will be studied culture and religion alone

approach in addressing social conflicts agrarian titled "Implications of Socio-

Agrarian Conflict between PTPN VII Cina Manis with Villagers of Economy and

Environment in Sustainable Development Context in Ogan Ilir of South Sumatra

Province".

6

1. Problem Formulation

Based on the description of the background of the problem and focus on the

research, the problem in this study as follows.

1) What is history of socio-agrarian conflict between PTPN VII Cinta Manis

with villagers Ogan Ilir of South Sumatra Province ?.

2) What is the response PTPN VII Cinta Manis and Ogan Ilir villagers about

implications of social-agrarian conflict on economy and environment in

sustainable development context in Ogan Ilir of South Sumatra Province ?

3) What is the response of stakeholders and community leaders about the

implications of social-agrarian conflict on the economy and environment in

sustainable development context in Ogan Ilir of South Sumatra Province?

4) What efforts are made with PTPN VII Cinta Manis, villagers Ogan Ilir,

stakeholders and community leaders in addressing socio-agrarian conflict in

order to strengthen economy and environment in sustainable development the

context in Ogan Ilir of South Sumatra Province?

 

2. Research Objectives

The purpose of this study is to reveal the response of PTPN VII Cinta Manis,

Ogan Ilir villagers, stakeholders and community leaders about the implications of

social-agrarian conflict between PTPN VII Cinta Manis with villagers on

economy and environment in sustainable development context in Ogan Ilir of

7

South Sumatra Province. This study will reveal meaning contained in research

problem, thus gaining knowledge and understanding of appropriate and objective

of this study was to determine the economic and environmental implications for

environment in sustainable development context in order to obtain a solution for

the future in Ogan Ilir of South Sumatra Province.

METHODS

The focus of this research study on the title over to the socio-agrarian conflict

implications of socio-agrarian conflict between PTPN VII Cinta Manis with

villagers on economy and environment in sustainable development context in

Ogan Ilir of South Sumatra Province. Where the data to obtain data on the

economic and environmental implications of villagers of Ogan Ilir with a

qualitative approach. The approach was conducted using interviews with a

purposive sample means, respondents were interviewed representing certain

groups in society (such as indigenous leaders, community leaders, religious

leaders such as stakeholders, youth leaders, groups of fishermen), and also expert

NGOs which reflects opinion or state wide. Interviews ranged from informal

conversations to formal interviews at the right time. In addition to interviews, this

study is also based on experience and observation in Ogan Ilir writer for two

months (January to February 2014). Then, the general information obtained from

the written literature and news or newspaper articles. In addition, the documents

8

on land disputes derived from a variety of sources. The steps in this study as

follows:

1. Method

Methodologically, this study is a qualitative research case study approach

analyzed descriptively uncover the facts or data on the subject as it is

accompanied by rational interpretation. The data obtained will be used from the

situation as it is without any intervention on the part of researchers. Data

collection was carried out by researchers directly by entering the field situation.

The data is described in the form of reports for further analysis. Researchers

believe that qualitative research is very concerned to the understanding of various

social phenomena. Social phenomenon is an event or action patterns of human

interaction. The nature of social world that is the nature of human interaction

within the community. Events or acts by humans that is meaningful to the culprit,

therefore, the essence of human behavior is that behavior that has meaning.

2. Techniques and Data Collection Procedures

Techniques and procedures for data collection are all ways used in collecting the

data by using a technique that is structured and in-depth interviews, observation or

direct observation to the object being observed as well as reviewing

9

documentation obtained in the field. Techniques and instruments required in this

research by means of interviews, observation and documentation.

In analyzing the data the researcher uses concepts developed by Miles and

Huberman as disclosed above which consists of three activities simultaneously the

flow of data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing or verification.

By using the model of Miles and Huberman study data will be analyzed on

a case-qualitative, which began collecting data in the field. Thus when researchers

collect data in the field immediately followed by a write job, categorizing,

classifying, reducing, analyzing and interpreting into the whole context of the

research problem (Muhadjir, 1989). So that the data is not only descriptive but

able to touch the transcendent dimension of the authors are trying to think

creatively.

3. Data Analysis Techniques

This study also uses interactive model of data analysis which consists of three

interrelated components analysis of the data reduction, data display and

conclusion drawing (Miles & Huberman, 1992). More details of data analysis

done with the following procedure: First, trying to summarize the data reduction,

collect and select the appropriate data with a focus on research themes. Second,

data display, which seeks to organize and explain the whole picture in order to

obtain a complete and intact. Third, and verification concludes that make

10

interpretation of the data and make improvements to search for new data

collection necessary to proper conclusion.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In the studies that have been conducted, and through in-depth study and research

methods used, the result in this study include:

1. History of Social-Agrarian Conflict in Ogan Ilir

The results of this study revealed that the strain citizens Ogan Ilir and PTPN VII

Cinta Manis stretched since 30 years ago. In general, the process of land grabbing

people by PTPN VII in 1982 roughly the same in every village. New Order an age

citizens have no choice but to surrender when their rubber plantations and

pineapple by PTPN VII Cinta Manis evicted without proper compensation. The

process of compensation recognized in 1982 colored citizens of pressure,

intimidation and repressive apparatus attitude keamanan.Ganti loss and even then

very unfair, for example, of 5 ha of land, only 1 ha are changed, more severe until

today there are still people who have not been replaced soil loss by PTPN VII.

They are victims of land grabs carried out by PTPN VII Cinta Manis since

1982 Over the past two months, they keep moving urged local governments to

memenenuhi demands of citizens that their land be returned.

11

Then in 2012, PTPN VII which shares 100% owned by the government

has an important agenda to go public. (www.kpbptpn.co.id). The initial offering of

shares / Initial Public Offering (IPO) is targeted to be able to attract fresh funds of

Rp 1.5 trillion. This value is equivalent to the release of 30 percent ownership of

state-owned shares to the public. In corporations, the performance PTPN VII did

show a significant increase. The state-owned company engaged in the

agribusiness plantations have had a working area covers 3 provinces, which

consists of several business units. (www.kpbptpn.co.id).

That legally development and plant cane sugar Sweet Love performed in

accordance with the decree of the Minister of Agriculture SOE Number : 076 /

Ministry of Agriculture / 1981 dated February 2, 1981 on the principle permits the

establishment of sugarcane plantations and mills in South Sumatra which is the

Government's efforts to meet the self-sufficiency of sugar in the State. In

accordance with the Decree of the Minister of Finance no. 257 / KMK / 016/1996

dated March 11, 1996 on the restructuring of SOEs. Plantation merger some PT.

Plantation in South Sumatra region (Bengkulu, South Sumatra, and Lampung

became PT. Plantation Nusantara VII (Persero) through a legal letter Harun

Kamil, SH no. 40 dated March 11, 1996 (See Intelkam Police RI report, 2012).

However, the development of sugar cane plantations and sugar mills are

less care about the rights of the people, so that economically Ogan Ilir lags behind

other districts in South Sumatra. Not only that, this plantation development to

make of that damage to the environment, either as a result of combustion due to

the conflict as well as river water pollution by the sugar mills. This then triggers a

12

prolonged conflict between PTPN VII Cinta Manis with villagers Ogan Ilir (Rusdi

interview, February 2, 2014).

This conflict incidence by PTPN VII begins Cinta Manis on December 4,

2009 unload peasant huts which ended with the firing incident Rengas village

residents, Ogan Ilir, by members of Brimob. Commission immediately formed an

investigative team to investigate allegations of human rights violations in the July

27, 2012 at Cinta Manis. Commission also asked the Chief of Police to withdraw

all Brimob troops from the region. In addition, urges the Minister of State for

BUMN Dahlan Iskan to resolve land conflicts involving PTPN, and called on

President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono to realize the formation of Agrarian

Conflict Management Team. This conflict has cost the lives of named Anga. The

boy became a victim of the conflict unresolved for so long. Covered by large

corporations obsessions. (Sumatera Ekspress, 2012).

Agrarian conflict resolution between communities and PTPN VII Cinta

Manis Unit is still far from expectations. May still be far from completion even

society instead presented "new problems" : the arrest of activists who advocate,

criminalization of farmers, and the last act of "resistance" Ogan Ilir Police Chief,

Chief Dheni Darmapala, who reported that he considers certain elements have

been condemning it in public to South Sumatra Police. (Suaraadraria.com).

13

2. Implications of Conflict in the Economy

Social-agrarian conflict in Ogan Ilir has caused problems on economic aspects of

villagers Ogan Ilir. Although impact of this difficult material assessed (for

example, although price of land can be assessed, but social value of rural land

which is integral to the lives of villagers could not be calculated), issue is very

important to note impact because it affects the economic life of citizens Ogan Ilir.

1) Confiscation of Land Resources Economics Villagers

Village-owned land dispute problem Bandung and Sri Sri Tanjung village district.

Tanjung Batu district. Ogan Ilir of 2500 hectares of land located at 10 Rayon III

Cambodgien planted by PTPN VII Cinta Manis no resolution from year to year.

Then on May 31, thousands of residents who are members of Unified Movement

of Peasants Penesak (GPPB) action in Ogan Ilir Parliament to push the

negotiation process in order to side with the people. The results, together PTPN

VII OI Vice Regent allow citizens to peg the land without vandalized while

waiting for a renegotiation of June 7.

Of course, this is a fundamental problem that led to poverty, suffering

people of Indonesia from the colonial era, the construction of the New Order era,

until today is injustice mastery of agrarian resources. Injustice agrarian resources

control in question is dimonopolinya ownership and use of agrarian sources

whether it be land, water and air as well as the natural resources contained therein

14

by some small groups, while most other people were left without ownership and

the opportunity to work on that.

One of the injustice that is evidence of long-citizen issues Ogan Ilir 6

districts in South Sumatra that their land was taken forcibly by PTPN VII since

last 1982. The long struggle of the people of the village Sribandung, Tj. Sea, Tj.

Pinang, Tj. Roof, Tj. New Petai, Sentul, Limbang Jaya (KecamatanTanjung

Stone), Village SriKembang, Rengas, Lubuk Bandung (districts Payarman),

Village Ketiau, Betong, Payalingkung, Lubuk Keliat, (District of Lubuk Keliat),

Village Meranjat 1 & 2, Meranjat Ilir, (District of Indralaya south) and the village

of Tj. Gelam, Tj.Sejaroh, Tj.Agung Sejaro Way (Indralaya the District Parent)

Then Desa Sri Ngilam District of Tanjung Raja to regain their rights just put them

as "opponents" of the country due to government neglect of the agrarian problems

that should be resolved by the state as MPR IXtahun number 2001 and BAL 1960.

What's more, of the land area of 20,000 ha of cultivated PTPN VII Cinta Manis

only 6,000 ha concession has an area located in the districts Burai Overseas Alai,

in other words PTPN VII has been unprofitable as income of approximately

14,000 ha of land is not reported as income for the country. This problem is

actually known by the Ministry of SOEs as an adviser SOEs in Indonesia in this

case one of them is PTPN VII. (Anwar Sadat, executive director of South Sumatra

Walhi, 2012).

Various dialogue and mediation efforts have been made citizens, but that

PTPN VII always gain time and tend not to give a firm decision. Finally, on

Monday, May 21, 2012, residents mmetuskan to block the access road to the sugar

15

mills PTPN VII, other than that people were setting up tents and set a land area of

3000 ha.

2) The low Daily Wages of PTPN VII Cinta Manis

Poverty has been called at the beginning of the course begins with the existence of

land, sources of income, and type of work. If the employee PTPN VII Cinta

Manis, then the low wages earned by laborers Rp.22.500, - / day is considered

extremely inhumane and does not meet the needs of daily living (Interview Fery,

February 5, 2014). Naturally then people continue to insist that PTPN VII Cinta

Manis out of earth Ogan Ilir. The action was the culmination of the

disappointment of existence PTPN VII Cinta Manis are considered not benefit the

people around.

It can be seen, from the amount of labor which 70% come from outside.

Then, the river which was able to be a place for fishing, is now polluted and the

fish have started to become extinct due to waste. Furthermore, the dust burning of

cane sugar factory PTPN VII entered into the residential area and disrupting the

activity. Another thing, on the land area of 20,000 ha of cultivated PTPN VII

Cinta Manis only 6000 ha concession has an area located in Rantau Alai districts

Burai. Therefore, citizens who are members of Movement Penesak Farmers Unite

(GPPB) has the right feel on their own land.

Then from the blockade, Ogan Ilir government is willing to facilitate the

citizens to have a dialogue on the date of May 23, 2012 Based on the results of the

dialogue, there is a written agreement between the citizens (Desa Sri Bandung)

16

and The PTPN VII in Ogan Ilir parliament building on May 23, 2012, facilitated

and witnessed by the police chief, district military commander, chairman and

deputy chairman of the parliament Ogan Ilir, that the company does not mind if

people do land and set up a tent peg as long as the activity does not interfere with

the company up to the level of time negotiating dated May 31, 2012 (See Report

of the Police Intelkam, 2012 ).

3) Low CSR from PTPN VII Cinta Manis

On May 23, 2012, around 16:00 pm mass on behalf of village residents Ketiau

district. Depths of 100 ± Keliat number of people, coordinated by Br. Subadi, Br.

Bahyar, Br. Waliul Adi and Br. Nurdin to block roads connecting Rayon Office of

Parent PTPN III to VII Sweet Love by establishing a one (1) unit of the tent.

According to Averroes, this incident because it is considered “Lack Contributions

PTPN VII Cinta Manis to the villagers of Desa Sri Sri Tanjung Bandung and

helping social activities (CSR)”. (Wawancanra Rusdi, February 7, 2014).

One proof is the village road culverts were damaged, causing flooding. Of

consequence, inhibition of the activity of citizens in making a living. Thus,

citizens expect any special attention from the PTPN VII Cinta Manis to public

facilities to facilitate the activities of all the efforts and activities of citizens Ogan

Ilir.

On Friday May 25, 2012 around 10:00 pm about + 80 Persons Village

residents Ketiau district. Keliat depths coordinated by Br. Mukho and Br. Subadi

remained in the tent rayon V then around 10:30 pm residents to block roads

17

connecting the Type A V rayon factory environment to the main office by using a

wooden stick, causing vehicles hauling sugarcane activity stalled / stopped. This

is done according to the coordinator of action Br. Waliyul, No. HP 0852 6733

1175 told residents to ask the results of a meeting held on Thursday, May 24,

2012 around 11:00 pm at home Bro. Krio and Wahab Former Former Village

Ketiau Kadesh. (See report Intelkam, 2012). Of course, residents hope the

decisions that PTPN VII Cinta Manis.

3. Implications for the Environment

Socio-agrarian conflict has implications for the environment, which should be

maintained and preserved for a life together, but this conflict is correlated to the

environmental damage to make of that from both sides.

1) Damage to gardens

On Tuesday, May 22, 2012, at 09.00 am. Desa Sri mass of Bandung, amounting to

± 250 people re-assembled in the tent that had been set up to continue the action

by performing a demo of making a soup kitchen around the tent and make huts,

while the mass of about 15 people to do the installation / attachment banners made

of cardboard mounted the guard post Rayon III glass that reads, among others: a.

PTPN must go from OI; b. Fixed price of land rights; and c. Return the land of our

ancestors (See IntelkamPolice Report, 2012).

18

Their activities continued with sealing Office Rayon III, while the daily

activities of employees in Rayon III transferred to the Office of the Master in the

village of Lubuk Keliat this is done to avoid clashes with residents. Then, at 13:00

pm held at Rayon III PTPN VII Cinta Manis lasted a free minbar delivery of

speeches made by Abdul Muis as Tomas and Kori Toda village as Sri Bandung

which essentially expect the masses to remain compact and patience to wait for

the results of the decision.

When free speech ongoing incidents such as mass expulsions carried out

by District Military Command OIC Member since Intel has been caught doing the

recording and documenting the activities of oration. But the situation can be

controlled thanks to the efforts made by members of the police who carry out

security duties in place.

At 17.00 pm the fire had occurred 50 sugar plantations plots within about

± 200 meters from the tent, but the fire was extinguished by fire mutual aid mass

that is suspected hotspots in Rayon IX. Then, at 16:30 pm in the implementation

of the meeting, PTPN VII Cinta Manis can not give a decision on the grounds that

the meeting outside kewewenangnya meetings will resume on Thursday, May 31,

2012 in the Office of the District Council. Ogan Ilir but for the grace period

agreed with the decision made in writing and the content is as follows:

1) PTPN VII Cinta Manis are welcome to work as usual without interruption of

society;

2) Residents are welcome to have marked out an area of 3,000 Ha dilahan

recognized as belonging to citizens without disturbing plant cane;

19

3) Residents and PTPN VII Cinta Manis will still keep the atmosphere, situation

and conditions in order to remain conducive, peaceful and safe.

The joint agreement was signed by representatives of village society Ms.

Sri Bandung. Hj. Juhairoh Mahmud, Bambang Santoso district as District

Manager. Banyuasi, OIC and OI, Ir. Purwanto as Manager of PTPN VII Cinta

Manis, Drs. H. Climate Cloudy, MM as the Chairman of the District Council.

Ogan Ilir, Arhandi Tabrani, SE as Vice Chairman of DPRD. Ogan Ilir, Chief

Dean Dharmapala, SH, S.Ik as police chief Major Ogan Ilir and District Military

Command 0402 Pabung Mujari as OIC / OI as evidence of the consequences of

the implementation of the field. At the same time the meeting took place at the

Rayon III, PTPN VII Cinta Manis between people of Bandung with Sri Sri

Tanjung village and residents to block the entrance of the village of Sri Bandung

with cane plantation PTPN VII Cinta Manis so that personnel from the South

Sumatra Police Directorate Sabhara dibantukan to Ogan Ilir Police can not get

into the location Rayon III so back to the Police Tanjung Batu.

2) River Ecosystem Pollution

Impact on the environment due to the Development of a sugar factory in Ogan Ilir

has long protested the citizens. Only, the action is the disappointment of the

existence of the peak, PTPN VII are considered not benefit the people around. It

can be seen, from the amount of labor which 70% come from outside. Then, the

river which was able to be a place for fishing, is now polluted and the fish have

started to become extinct due to waste. Furthermore, the dust burning of cane

20

sugar factory PTPN VII entered into the residential area and disrupting the

activity.

Habitats that support human life is protected by the Law of the Republic of

Indonesia No. 5 of 1990 on Conservation of Natural Resources and Ecosystems.

In studies suggest that contamination of the river and burning the garden is an act

contrary to the law in Ogan Ilir, when rivers and air kebersiahan is the right of

every person. River gives life Ogan Ilir citizens, because one of the residents

Ogan Ilir income is fishing. The fish are sold to earn money and eat for everyday

life.

In addition, the fish can be made into kempelang - Ogan Ilir specialties -

are sold to the market and to the outside Ogan Ilir, Palembang sales to as the

capital city of Palembang. Therefore, residents protest against this contamination.

Then, the air pollution resulting from the burning that occurs every time there is a

protest to the citizens of PTPN VII Cinta Manis. Not only pollution, but the

smoke generated from burning by residents to garden plants that do not cause

much of combustion also experienced kelayuan. Thus, the view turns yellow

glowing green.

4. Future Solutions For Sustainable Development Context

In Law 7 of 2012 that in terms of dealing with conflict is explained that the

conflict resolution mechanism relies heavily on social institutions that exist in the

community. Indigenous institutions and / or Social Institution in Article 41 was

21

placed as a front line especially in the paragraph (1) which describes the Conflict

Resolution by the Government and Local Government to promote Indigenous

Institution and / or the existing Social Institution and recognized. (2) The

Government and Local Government acknowledge the conflict settlement through

the mechanism of Indigenous Institution and / or Social Institution. (3) The result

of the settlement agreement Institution Indigenous Conflict through the

mechanism and / or a Social Institution as referred to in paragraph (1) has a

binding force for community groups involved in the conflict. (4) In the event of

conflict settlement through the mechanism of Indigenous Institution and / or

Social Institution as referred to in paragraph (1) can not be resolved, then the

resolution of conflict conducted by the Task Force on Social Conflict Resolution.

(5) Conflict Resolution through the mechanism of Indigenous Institution and / or

Social Institution as referred to in paragraph (1) is facilitated by the local

government district / city officials involving district and village / local village (the

Law on Handling Conflict No. 7 in 2012).

However, the necessary effective measures as a field approach. Maswadi

Rauf believes the necessary steps to resolve the known model of "consensus"

consensus interpreted as a conflict resolution (conflict resolution), namely through

the process of interaction between the parties involved in the conflict to reach

common ground, namely the achievement of the same view and not create new

problems in social relations and in it equally benefit / reasonable benefits. This is

listed in the above Act, that consensus can not be done directly or through an

intermediary (mediator) and directly implemented by the parties to the conflict

22

with persuasive approach and provides a variety of possible alternative

approaches and coercive force, either in the form of threats and physical violence

to generate consensus (Maswadi Rauf, 2000).

During this approach to culture and religion set forth in the Act can be

seen through the approach of structural functional approach to the conflict. This

approach views society as a whole that are functionally integrated into an

equilibrium. In this approach the analogies of society as a biological organism.

Thought functional society considers a static social order or are in a state of

change proportionally, because the general public subject to the process of

change. Because functionalist emphasizes social order, therefore, this approach is

very concerned about the norms, values, morals and religion of a particular

community (Pitzer-Doughlas, 2004).

Approach to culture and religion, not also disregard how the state can take

on the role. Stephen D. Krasner describes the state when integrated with pluralism

would have a tendency; first, tend to see politics in the sense of rules, control the

order rather than in terms of the allocation; focus more on the internal order and

external maintenance of the distribution of the benefit to the government and

Pudjiastuti Budiardjo, 1996). Nodlinger split the four types of countries: countries

strong (strong states), independent state (state independents), the state is

responsive (responsive states), and the state is weak (weak states). However, in

reality the state can do in terms of handling conflict compulsion. Because the state

is an element of compulsion dapak be organized through policies decided (Weiner

and Huntington, 1994).

23

Thus it is difficult to try to understand society without trying to understand

their culture. The existence of culture can not be separated from society. Through

culture, people learn about many things, such as the values, beliefs, behaviors, and

other material objects that reflect the way people live. Culture is a survival

strategy for the community. Inside there is a culture of understanding maps (map

of understanding) that will direct what to do and how they do it man. Not

infrequently culture can only be understood by the community, but not for another

person or group. As a survival strategy, the public has the expectation that culture

can help them in overcoming the problems of life. This has encouraged the use of

cultural approaches to overcome their problems, including conflicts that occurred

in the community.

CONCLUSION

Based on the above discussion, it can be concluded as follows:

First, one of the disputed land in South Sumatra occurred between

villagers Ogan Ilir. Socio-agrarian conflict victims. Agrarian conflicts and

plantation sector SOEs derived from land rights conflicts. Land issues have not

been certified and is still in process at BPN Center that used by the residents to

claim land that has not been certified. These problems lead to social conflict

agrarian hitherto demanded by citizens to be released. Residents conduct road

blocks, peg lands held from May 21 2012 until now as evidence of the

24

disappointment of the PTPN VII Cinta Manis business unit which does not

respond to the demands of citizens.

Second, agrarian social conflict in South Sumatra is still in progress, there

are still many cases of land between the company and the community has not been

solved completely. Social agrarian conflicts become victims died. Agrarian social

conflicts occur due to improper handling and incomplete. Conflict resolution is

only superficial. The government only focuses on the problem of violence,

perpetrators, victims, and not touch the agrarian problem as the core problem.

Third, social-agrarian conflict in Ogan Ilir has caused problems on

economic aspects of the villagers Ogan Ilir. Social conflicts affecting agrarian

villagers in managing the low productivity of land and make a living, because it

affects the tense situation. Then, the physical damage to the environment occurs,

for example the home, garden and office damaged by the conflict. Of course, this

also affects the sustainable development stagnated in the plantation sector. Land

grabbing kelaurag economic resources, low daily wages of PTPN VII Cinta Manis

and low CSR of PTPN VII Cinta Manis.

Fourth, social-agrarian conflict has implications for the environment,

which should be maintained and preserved for a life together, but this conflict is

correlated to the environmental damage to make of that from both sides ie

environmental damage and pollution of the river ecosystem. Physical damage to

the environment occurs, for example the home, garden and office damaged by the

conflict. Of course, this also affects the sustainable development stagnated in the

plantation sector.

25

Fifth, both sides feel the most true and do not want to deliberation.

Settlement of the conflict is only on the surface, which in the government see only

the issue of violence, perpetrators, and victims, does not touch on the agrarian

question.

26

REFERENCES

Jimly Asshidiqie - M. Ali Safa’at, 2012. Teori Hans Kelsen Tentang Hukum, Jakarta, Konstitusi Press.

George Pitzer-Doughlas J. Goodman, 2004. Teori Sosial Modern, Jakarta, Pradana Media Group.

Miriam Budiardjo, Tri Nuke Pudjiastuti, 1996. Teori-Teori Politik Dewasa Ini, (Jakarta : PT. Raja Grafindo Persada.

Maswadi Rauf, 2000. Konsensus Politik: Sebuah Tinjauan Teoritis, Jakarta, Dirjend Pendidikan Tinggi, Depdiknas.

Myron Weiner dan Samuel P. Huntington, 1994. Understanding Political Development, Ilionis, Waveland Press.

UU No. 7 Tahun 2012 tentang Penanganan Konflik Sosial, Jakarta.Hutagalung, S., 2008. Kewenangan Pemerintah Bidang Pertanahan, Jakarta,

Penerbit PT Rajawali Press.Kalo, S., 2004. Perbedaan Persepsi Mengenai Penguasaan Tanah Dan Akibatnya

Terhadap Masyarakat Petani Di Sumatera TimurLaporan Intelkam Kepolisian Republik Indonesia, Jakarta, tahun 2012Miles, Matthew B. and Huberman, A. Michael, 1992. Analisis Data Kualitatif,

Jakarta, UI-Press. Rajagukguk, E. 1979. Pemahaman Rakyat tentang Hak Atas Tanah. Makalah.

Tidak diterbitkanStepani, B. 2008. Problematik Pembaruan Hukum dan Persoalan Agraria:

Transplantasi Hukum, Posisi Hukum Lokal dan Agenda Pembaruan Hukum Agraria. http://www.huma.or.id.

Sumatera Ekspress, tahun 2012Tauchid, M. 1952. Masalah Agraria. Penerbit STPN. Jogjakarta.Wiradi, G. 2004. Masalah Agraria : Masalah Penghidupan dan Kedaulatan

Bangsa. Bahan Ceramah.  Disampaikan dalam acara “Studium-Generale”, Jurusan Sosek, Fakultas Pertanian IPB, tanggal 17 Mei, 2004

________. 1999. Seluk Beluk Masalah Agraria. STPN Press. Jogjakarta.Wawancara dengan Rusdi Daduk, Februari 2014Wawancara dengan Ferry, Februari 2014http:/id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konflik/http://tnrawku.wordpress.com/2012/03/22/sejarah-konflik-agraria-berkepanjangan http://dpd.go.id/2012/09/pansus-agraria-tahapan-tahapan-penanganan-penangananhttp://www.metrotvnews.com/read/newsprograms/2012/08/04/13641/91http:/www.kpa.or.id/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/Revitalisasi-Masalah-Agraria http://m.antaranews.com/berita/337407/walhi-bentuk-komisi-penyelesaian-konflikhhtp://www.kpbptpn.co.id

27

AUTHOR

Afriantoni, M.Pd.I, born in Palembang dated 3 April 1978, a lecturer in Faculty of Tarbiyah IAIN Raden Fatah Palembang. He was a Secretary Rector of IAIN Raden Fatah 2007-2011. Staff of management thesis Faculty of IAIN Raden Fatah Tarbiyah 2011-2012. Secretary of Force Education Quality Assurance Tarbiyah Faculty of IAIN Raden Fatah 2012-2013. Vice Chairman of the Provincial Board Indonesia Farmers Association South Sumatra Director of the Education Policy Center for Strategic Studies of South Sumatra Province until now. The author is currently continuing Doctoral Program in Educational Management Studies, State University of Jakarta. Houses Address: Jl. Sukarela Lrg. No. Cekmid. 1326 Rt. 21 Rw. 07 KM 7 Sukarami Palembang South Sumatra HP. 0823-80500054. Email: imraniantoni@gmail.com / afriantonie@gmail.com.

Writing in the form of opinions, Catatan Kritis “Kuliah Gratis” di Sumsel (Sumeks, 2014), Menatap Arah UIN Raden Fatah? (Sumeks, 2012), Formulasi Revolusi Sistematik Pendidikan di Desa (Tabloid desa, 2006), Sertifikasi Guru dan Guru Sertifikat (2006), Reformulasi Rekruitmen Guru (Sumeks, 2003), Menggugat Kewibawaan Guru (Sripo, 2001), dan Menggugat Ideologi Gerakan Mahasiswa (Sripo, 2000).

Writings in book form ever publication include: team wrote a book called Dibalik Tirai Kesungguhan Mewujudkan UIN Raden Fatah (Refleksi Gerak Nyata Gubernur, Rektor dan Tokoh Sumsel), Penerbit  Rafah Pers, 2011 dan Toward Easy Learning “Cara Mudah Belajar di Perguruan Tinggi, Penerbit Rafah Pers.

In the form of research into potential research team entitled Peta Potensi Alumni IAIN Raden Fatah, Penerbit Rafah Press 2009, Persepsi Mahasiswa Kependidikan Islam Terhadap Pelayanan Administrasi Mahasiswa Fakultas Tarbiyah, Lembaga Penelitian IAIN Raden Fatah Palembang tahun 2012, Koordinator Peneliti, Paradigma Pembaharuan Pemikiran Pendidikan di Indonesia 1990-2010, Program Studi PAI Fakultas Tarbiyah IAIN Raden Fatah dan Koordinator Peneliti, Tatakelola Pendidikan Madrasah di Kota Palembang, Program Studi PAI Fakultas Tarbiyah IAIN Raden Fatah.

Then, last in the form of journal Kajian Pendidikan Karakter Berbasis Teologi Inti Pancasila (Jurnal Al Riwayah STAIN Sorong Papua Barat, 2012), Pandangan Tokoh-tokoh Agama terhadap Materi PAI Sekolah Dasar di Kota Palembang, (Istinbat Kopertais Wilayah II Sumatera Bagian Selatan, 2013), Implikasi Pertarungan Ideologi Terhadap Pendidikan di Indonesia (Jurnal Ta’dib Fakultas Tarbiyah IAIN Raden Fatah, , 2011) Doktrin Pendidikan Akhlak Bediuzzaman Said Nursi, (Jurnal Concencia Pascasarjana IAIN Raden Fatah Palembang), dan Interpretasi Jihad Bediuzzaman Said Nursi Pada Kehidupan Modern, (Jurnal Medine-te, Pascasarjana IAIN Raden Fatah Palembang).

28