IAWD AM Regionalni centar Preliminarni razultati ... · Bad circulation/ zoning, high /irregular pressures % 100% Badly corroded pipes % 90% Visible Leaks % 90% major non-visible

IAWD AM Regionalni centar –

Preliminarni razultati evaluacije upitnika

Dr. P. Kolovopoulos

UTVSI

Evaluacija upitnika – Metodologija

Evaluacija upitnika – Trenutno stanje

Evaluacija upitnika – Ciljevi

Preliminarni rezultati


Agenda

Evaluacija upitnika - Metodologija


Agenda

Cilj procene učinka

Kvantifikovati i prepoznati udeo neostvarenog prihoda i

velikih troškova proizvodnje i distribucije vode kao

komponente neprihodovane vode

Preporuka za postavljanje dostižnih ciljeva

Identifikacija i prioritizacija mera koje će rezultirati

dostizanje postavljenih ciljeva

Obezbeđivanje smernica i potrebnog nivoa finansiranja

sistema i projekata potrebnih za dostizanje postavljenih

ciljeva


Evaluacija upitnika

EDAMS evaluacija upitnika

a. Stanovanje Jed. Mere Vrednost

Korisničke jedinice (domaćinstvo) Broj 458,684

a. Priključci/Vodomeri Jed. Mere Vrednost

Priključci sa vodomerom Broj 50,000

Priključci bez vodomerom Broj 388,684

b. Fakturisana potrošnja Jed. Mere Vrednost

Stanovništvo Ml/year 116,000

Veliki potrošači Ml/year 43,000

c. Nefakturisana potrošnja Jed. Mere Vrednost

Nefakturisana izmerena potrošnja Ml/year 9,400

d. Prodaja Jed. Mere Vrednost

Fakturisano individualnim potroš. €/year 13,880,033

Fakturisano velikim potrošačima €/year 15,714,733

e. Procenat naplate Jed. Mere Vrednost

% Procenat naplate individualnim

potrošačima

% 82%

% Procenat naplate velikim

potrošačima

% 86%

f. Troškovi (Cena & Operativni troš.) Jed. Mere Vrednost

Fiksni proizvodni troškovi €/year 42,080,233

Promenljivi proizvodni troškovi €/m3 0.10

2. Komercijalni i Finansijski

1. Urbanistički podaci

3. Tehnički podacia. Proizvodnja Jed. Mere Vrednost

Godišnja proizvodnja Ml/year 231,200

b. Distributivna mreža Jed. Mere Vrednost

% vremena kontinualnog snabdevanja % 100%

Dužina mreže Km 2,802.0

c. Noćni protok (ako postoje podaci) Jed. Mere Vrednost

Ukupan noćni protok % 22.6%

Ukupna noćna potrošnja % 20%


Evaluacija upitnika

Makro-Indikatori

Pretpostavke za izračunavanje gubitaka Jed Vrednost Važnost

Gubitak kao % potrošnje utiče na bilans vode

kod potrošača koji plaćaju % 0% Nizak

kod potrošača koji ne plaćaju % 5% Nizak

kod nemerenih potrošača koji plaćaju % 0% Nizak

kod nelegalnih potrošača % 10% Nizak

Interno curenje kao % potrošnje ne utiče na bilans vode

kod potrošača koji plaćaju % 0% Nizak

kod potrošača koji ne plaćaju % 5% Nizak

kod nemerenih potrošača koji plaćaju % 0% Nizak

kod nelegalnih potrošača % 5% Nizak

Problemi kod merenja & čitanja utiče na bilans vode

Problem u fakturisanju vode usled merenja: 6.0%

Nepreciznost vodomera % 0.0% Nizak

Polomljeni vodomeri % 3.0% Nizak

Usporeni vodomeri % 3.0% Nizak

Predimenzionisani vodomeri % 0.0% Nizak

Problem u fakturisanju vode usled čitanja: 6.0%

Netačana čitanja % 3% Nizak

nisu svi vodomeri očitani % 3% Nizak

Neotkriveni priključci % 0% Nizak


Evaluacija upitnika

Model

Pretpostavke za izračunavanje gubitaka Jed. Vrednost Važnost

Curenja Ne utiče na bilans vode

Curenje na priključcima

% curenja na legalnim priključcima % 15% Nizak

Gubitak na priključku l/dan 400 Nizak

Curenje / prelivanje rezervoara l/dan 0 Nizak

Cerenje u distributivnoj mreži (%) (opciono)

Loše zoniranje, visoki i neregularni pritisci % 25% Nizak

Istrošene cevi % 10% Nizak

Vidljiva curenja % 25% Nizak

manja curenja % 5% Nizak

veća ne vidljiva curenja - calculated% 35% Nizak


Evaluacija upitnika

Model


Evaluacija upitnika

Metodologija

Water Balance Model

Consumption

Large Consumers

Consumption

Wastage

Internal Leakage

Large Consumers

Consumption

Wastage

Internal Leakage

Consumption

Wastage

Internal Leakage

Unbilled Metered

Consumptiongovermental, public taps, etc

goverm., public taps, etc

fire fighting / testing

Consumption

Wastage

Internal Leakage

Consumption

Wastage

Internal Leakage

Meter Inaccuracies

Broken meters

Slow meters

Oversized Meters

Incorrect readings

Not All meters are read

Unidentified Connections

Bad circulation & zoning &

high and irregular pressures

badly corroded pipes

visible bursts

major non-visible leaks

minor leaks

Leakage / overflows at tanks

Leakage on Service Connections

Appare

nt

Losses

Customer

Metering

Inaccuracies

Meter

problems

Meter

readings

problems

Leakage on

pipes

IWA Classification Expanded EDAMS classification

Unregistered

Connections

Unauthorised

Consumption

Wate

r Losses

Syste

m I

nput

Volu

me Unbill

ed

Auth

orised

Consum

ptio

n

Auth

orised C

onsum

ption

Bill

ed A

uth

orised C

onsum

ption

Real Losses

Billed Metered

Consumption

Paying

Non-paying

Illegal

Connections

Billed Unmetered

Consumption

Non-paying

Paying

Unbilled

Unmetered

Consumption


Evaluacija upitnika

Metodologija

2 Comprehensive problem definition

Consumption

Large Consumers

Consumption

Wastage

Internal Leakage

Large Consumers

Consumption

Wastage

Internal Leakage

Consumption

Wastage

Internal Leakage

Unbilled Metered




Consumption

Wastage

Internal Leakage

Consumption

Wastage

Internal Leakage

Meter Inaccuracies

Broken meters

Slow meters

Oversized Meters

Incorrect readings






visible bursts


minor leaks



Bill

ed A

uth

orised C

onsum

ption

Real Losses

Billed Metered

Consumption

Paying

Non-paying

Illegal

Connections

Billed Unmetered

Consumption

Non-paying

Paying

Unbilled

Unmetered

Consumption

Leakage on

pipes


Unregistered

Connections

Unauthorised

Consumption

Wate

r Losses

Syste

m I

nput

Volu

me Unbill

ed

Auth

orised

Consum

ptio

n

Auth

orised C

onsum

ption

Appare

nt

Losses

Customer

Metering

Inaccuracies

Meter

problems

Meter

readings

problems


Evaluacija upitnika

Metodologija

3 Addresses institutional as well as distribution problems

Consumption

Large Consumers

Consumption

Wastage

Internal Leakage

Large Consumers

Consumption

Wastage

Internal Leakage

Consumption

Wastage

Internal Leakage

Unbilled Metered




Consumption

Wastage

Internal Leakage

Consumption

Wastage

Internal Leakage

Meter Inaccuracies

Broken meters

Slow meters

Oversized Meters

Incorrect readings






visible bursts


minor leaks



Bill

ed A

uth

orised C

onsum

ption

Real Losses

Billed Metered

Consumption

Paying

Non-paying

Illegal

Connections

Billed Unmetered

Consumption

Non-paying

Paying

Unbilled

Unmetered

Consumption

Leakage on

pipes


Unregistered

Connections

Unauthorised

Consumption

Wate

r Losses

Syste

m I

nput

Volu

me Unbill

ed

Auth

orised

Consum

ptio

n

Auth

orised C

onsum

ption

Appare

nt

Losses

Customer

Metering

Inaccuracies

Meter

problems

Meter

readings

problems


Evaluacija upitnika

Metodologija

4 Cost effective - problem not zone focused

Consumption

Large Consumers

Consumption

Wastage

Internal Leakage

Large Consumers

Consumption

Wastage

Internal Leakage

Consumption

Wastage

Internal Leakage

Unbilled Metered




Consumption

Wastage

Internal Leakage

Consumption

Wastage

Internal Leakage

Meter Inaccuracies

Broken meters

Slow meters

Oversized Meters

Incorrect readings






visible bursts


minor leaks



Bill

ed A

uth

orised C

onsum

ption

Real Losses

Billed Metered

Consumption

Paying

Non-paying

Illegal

Connections

Billed Unmetered

Consumption

Non-paying

Paying

Unbilled

Unmetered

Consumption

Leakage on

pipes


Unregistered

Connections

Unauthorised

Consumption

Wate

r Losses

Syste

m I

nput

Volu

me Unbill

ed

Auth

orised

Consum

ptio

n

Auth

orised C

onsum

ption

Appare

nt

Losses

Customer

Metering

Inaccuracies

Meter

problems

Meter

readings

problems

Evaluacija upitnika – Metodologija



Agenda

Non-Revenue water breakdown

(current conditions)

27,463

Ml/year

3,314

Ml/year

40,553

Ml/year28,333

Ml/year

Bad debts (from consumption) Unbilled consumption

Wastage & Internal leakage Leakage

Pregled (zapremina) Ml/year %

Proizvodnja 231,200

Naplaćena voda 131,537 56.9%

Voda koja ne odnosi prihod 99,663 43.1%

Struktura naplaćene vode 131,537

Individualni potrošači 94,772 72.0%

Veliki potrošači 36,765 28.0%

Struktura ne naplaćene vode 99,663

Dugovanja (od potrošnje) 27,463 27.6%

Nefakturisana potrošnja 28,333 28.4%

Interna prourivanja i prelivanja 3,314 3.3%

Curenja 40,553 40.7%


Evaluacija upitnika

Trenutno stanje: Vodni bilans

Pregled prihoda (valuta) mil €/year %

Fakturisana voda 29.595

Dugovanja -4.819 16.3%

Naplaćena voda 24.776 83.7%

Operativni troškovi 65.200 220.3%

Neto prihod -40.424 -136.6%

Struktura naplaćene vode 29.595

Individualni potrošači 13.880 46.9%

Veliki potrošači 15.715 53.1%

Struktura dugovanja 4.819



Struktura operativnih troškova 65.200



Nelegalni priključci 1.949 3.0%

Problemi sa merenjem i očitavanjem 3.645 5.6%

Curenja na mreži 11.436 17.5%

Struktura neto prihoda -40.424

Individualni potrošači -22.053 -158.9%

Veliki potrošči -1.341 -8.5%

Nelegalni potrošači -1.949

Problemi sa merenjem i očitavanjem -3.645

Curenja -11.436


Evaluacija upitnika

Trenutno stanje: Bilans prihoda

Net Income breakdown

(current conditions)

-22 Ml/year

-2 Ml/year

-11 Ml/year

-1 Ml/year

-4 Ml/year

Private Connections Large Consumers

Illegal Connections Meter & Meter reading problems

Netw ork Leakage

Revenue Water breakdown

72.0%

28.0%

46.9%53.1%

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%


%

Volumes

Revenue


Evaluacija upitnika

Trenutno stanje: Bilans prihoda

Potrebno je bolje razumevanje i kvantifikovanje curenja u smislu uzroka i komponenti.

Cena usluga za domaćinstva je niska.

Preduzeća imaju slabu kontrolu komercijalnih podataka.

Zaposleni rade najbolje moguće u okviru postojećeg institucionalnog okvira i dostupnih informacija.


Evaluacija upitnika

Trenutno stanje : Komentar





Agenda

Achievable Recovery levels (after rehab) unit recover by

Non-paying consumers - Recovery rate of non-payment

Consumers % 80%

Large Consumers % 100%

Govermental, etc (currently not billed) % 100%

Kiosks % 100%

Public taps % 80%

Fire fighting / testing % 0%

Illegal & Unregistered Connections found % 80%

Meter & Meter reading Problems (commercial operations)

Meter Inaccuracies % 0%

Broken meters % 100%

Slow meters % 80%

Oversized Meters % 80%

Incorrect readings % 90%

Not All meters are read % 90%

Unidentified Connections % 90%

Leakage

Leakage on Service Connections % 90%

Leakage / overflows at tanks % 100%

Leakage on distribution pipes

Bad circulation/ zoning, high /irregular pressures % 100%

Badly corroded pipes % 90%

Visible Leaks % 90%

major non-visible leaks % 50%

minor leaks % 0%


Evaluacija upitnika

Ostvarivi ciljevi

Changes from present to future status

Ml/year % Ml/year % Ml/year % overall %

Non-Revenue Water Decrease Breakdown 99,663 16,409 83,254 83.5% 100%

NRW decrease from Bad debts 27,463 4,246 23,217

Private Connections 21,228 77.3% 4,246 100.0% 16,982 80% 20.4%

Large Consumers 6,235 22.7% 0 0.0% 6,235 100% 7.5%

NRW decrease from Unbilled Consumption 28,333 2,494 25,839

Illegal Unknown Connections 6,010 21.2% 1,202 48.2% 4,808 80% 5.8%

Meter problems 6,462 22.8% 646 25.9% 5,816 90% 7.0%

Meter readings problems 6,462 22.8% 646 25.9% 5,816 90% 7.0%

Large Consumers 9,400 33.2% 0 0.0% 9,400 100% 11.3%

NRW decrease from Wastage & Internal Leakage 3,314 663 2,651

Private Connections - Wastage 1,206 36.4% 241 36.4% 965 80% 1.2%

Private Connections - Internal Leakage 1,206 36.4% 241 36.4% 965 80% 1.2%

Illegal/Unknown Connections - Wastage 601 18.1% 120 18.1% 481 80% 0.6%

Illegal/Unknown Connections - Internal Leakage 300 9.1% 60 9.1% 240 80% 0.3%

NRW decrease from Leakage 40,553 9,007 31,546

connections 9,607 23.7% 961 10.7% 8,646 90% 10.4%

badly corroded pipes 3,095 7.6% 309 3.4% 2,785 90% 3.3%

visible bursts 7,736 19.1% 774 8.6% 6,963 90% 8.4%

bad circulation/zoning 7,736 19.1% 0 0.0% 7,736 100% 9.3%

major non-visible 10,831 26.7% 5,416 60.1% 5,416 50% 6.5%

tanks 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0% 0.0%

minor non-visible 1,547 3.8% 1,547 17.2% 0 0% 0.0%

Current After increase

Non-Revenue Water Decrease Breakdowm

31,546

23,21725,839

2,651

05,000

10,00015,000

20,00025,000

30,00035,000

NRW decrease

from Bad

debts

NRW decrease

from Unbilled

Consumption

NRW decrease

from Wastage

& Internal

Leakage

NRW decrease

from Leakage

Ml / year


Evaluacija upitnika

Smanjenje vode koja ne donosi prihod

Non Revenue Water decrease from leakage

90%

90%

90%

100%

50%

0%

0%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120%

connections


visible bursts

bad circulation/zoning

major non-visible

tanks

minor non-visible

%


Evaluacija upitnika

Smanjenje vode koja ne donosi prihod

Audit

Water Audit (volumes) Ml/year % Ml/year % Ml/year %

Total Production 231,200 197,003 -34,197 -15%

Revenue Water (Billed & Collected) 131,537 56.9% 180,593 91.7% 49,056 37%

Non-Revenue Water 99,663 43.1% 16,409 8.3% -83,254 -84%

Revenue Water breakdown 131,537 180,593 49,056 by % % contribn

Private Connections 94,772 72.0% 128,193 71.0% 33,421 35% 68%

Large Consumers 36,765 28.0% 52,400 29.0% 15,635 43% 32%

Non-Revenue Water breakdown 99,663 16,409 -83,254 by % % contribn

Bad debts (from consumption) 27,463 27.6% 4,246 25.9% -23,217 -85% 28%

Unbilled consumption 28,333 28.4% 2,494 15.2% -25,839 -91% 31%

Wastage & Internal leakage 3,314 3.3% 663 4.0% -2,651 -80% 3%

Leakage 40,553 40.7% 9,007 54.9% -31,546 -78% 38%

Current After increase

Revenue Water Increase Breakdown

33,421

15,635

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

Revenue Water increase from

Private Connections

Revenue Water increase from

Large Consumers

Ml / year

Non Revenue Water decrease from Leakage

0.0 2,000.0 4,000.0 6,000.0 8,000.0 10,000.0

connections

visible bursts

major non-visible

minor non-visible

Ml/year


Evaluacija upitnika

Uticaj na vodni bilans

Volume Recovered from Private connections (breakdown)

0.0%

14.4%

17.4%

17.4%

50.8%

0.0%

0.0%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

Previously Billed but not paying

and now paying

Increase in Consumption from

Existing Consumers

New PC in previously unserviced

properties

New PC in properties previously

served from public taps

New PC in Illegal/ unknown

connections found

Previously unbilled due to meter

problems

Previously unbilled due to meter

readings problems

%


Evaluacija upitnika

Uticaj na vodni bilans

0.000

0.500

1.000

1.500

2.000

2.500

3.000


mil €

/ ye

ar

Bad debts / Debt Recovery breakdown Current

After Recovery

Operating costs breakdown

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0

Private Connections

Large Consumers

Illegal Connections

Meter & Meter reading problems

Netw ork Leakage

mil € / year

After Recovery

Current

-25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5

mil € / year

Private Connections

Large Consumers

Illegal Connections

Meter & Meter reading problems

Netw ork Leakage

Net Income BreakdownAfter Recovery

Current


Evaluacija upitnika

Uticaj na prihod i troškove

unit CurrentAfter

RecoveryChange

Main Indicators

Number of billed private connections 438,684 454,684 3.6%

System Input (Production) Ml/year 231,200 197,003 -14.8%

Non-Revenue Water Ml/year 99,663 16,409 -83.5%

Average Daily Real Losses Ml/year 40,553 9,007 -77.8%

Billed Revenue €/year 29,594,766 34,997,081 18.3%

Collected Revenue €/year 24,776,084 34,489,072 39.2%

Production cost €/year 65,200,233 55,556,286 -14.8%

Debt recovery % 83.7% 98.5% 17.7%

Gross profit (yearly) % -136.6% -60.2% n/a

Non-Revenue Water (% of System Input): % 43.1% 8.3% -80.7%

Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI): >=1 8.5 2.6 -69.3%

Real Losses

Average Daily Real Losses when system is pressurised Ml/day 111.10 24.68 -77.8%

Technical Indicator for Real Losses (TIRL) - (when pressurised) 30 - 200 l/day/conn 253.27 54.27 -78.6%

Density of Connections (billed private connections) conn/km 156.56 162.27 3.6%

Real Losses as % of System Input % 17.5% 4.6% -73.9%

Real Losses per length of main kl/day/km 39.65 8.81 -77.8%

Average Selling rates / Cost rates €/m3 YUM/m3 tariff

Selling rate for private connections €/m3 0.12 7.73 6 - 9

Selling rate for large consumers €/m3 0.37 23.61 23

Selling rate to Kiosks €/m3 0.00

Selling rate to users of public taps €/m3 0.00

Selling rate for sewer charges per property €/prop/mon 1.79

Present cost rate of water €/m3 0.28

Cost rate of water after recovery €/m3 0.31

Performance Indicators


Evaluacija upitnika

Uticaj na ključne indikatore poslovanja

-15%

-84%

-78%

18%

39%

-15%

18%

-81%

-69%

-100% -80% -60% -40% -20% 0% 20% 40%

%

System Input (Production)

Non-Revenue Water

Average Daily Real Losses

Billed Revenue

Collected Revenue

Production cost

Debt recovery

Non-Revenue Water (% of System Input):

Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI):

Change in Key Performance Indicators


Evaluacija upitnika


Real Losses as a % of System Input Volume versus Consumption for

different values of Real Losses

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000

Total Consumption (litres/connection/day)

Real L

osses a

s %

of

Syste

m In

pu

t

50 l/serv conn/day

100 l/serv conn/day

200 l/serv conn/day

500 l/serv conn/day

1000 l/serv conn/day

Current

After Rehabilitation


Evaluacija upitnika





Preliminarni Rezultati


Agenda

Preliminarni rezultati evaluacije upitnika–

Statistika


Upitnik

Dostupnost podataka

Postojeći računarski sistemi

Inženjerski poslovi u smislu zoniranja / merenja /

kontrole gubitaka

Evaluacija upitnika pomoću Hydro-Comp modela.


Dostupnost podataka

0% 0% 0%

20%

10%

20%

1%

10%

30%

20%

100%

25%

70%

65%

40%

70% 70%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Availability of Network Data

Data in CAD or GIS

Available in Plans (Hard Copy)

Not Available at All


Podela na grupe

Groupa I (3 Grada): Ovi gradovi su prošli kroz opsežan

terenski rad i smatra se da su prikupili većinu podataka. Oni

imaju aktivne GIS/CAD sisteme i službe.

Group II (8 Gradova): Ovi gradovi su prikupili više od 60-70%

podataka i koriste neki od GIS/CAD sistema.

Group III (7 Gradova): Ovi gradovi imaju više od 25-30%

nedigitalizovane mreže ili imaju samo ucrtanu mrežu na

detaljnim listovima. Ovi gradovi imaju malo iskustva u

korišćenju GIS/CAD sistema.


Inženjerski poslovi u smislu zoniranja / merenja / kontrole gubitaka

Rezultati ukazuju na to da je većina gradova uključena u neki oblik

otkrivanja gubitaka, međutim bez odgovarajućeg registra -

aktivnosti usmerene na otkrivanje gubitaka imaju veoma malo

efekta.

Dostavljeni podaci u vezi poslovanja i upravljanja zonama ukazuju

na potrebu objašnjavanja značaja zoniranja, stoga su potrebne

obuke da bi se rešio ovaj problem tj.

Veliki broj gradova (10 od 18) je prijavio da nema ili ne zna da

upravlja zonama pritisaka.

Većina preduzeća (12 od 18) je prijavila da nema uspostavljene

osnovne zone bilansa.

Neki gradovi su prijavili da imaju uspostavljene osnovne zone

bilansa iako nemaju telemetriju ili nemaju merne uređaje.


Evaluacija upitnika

Model

Balanced

NRW

(%)ILI

Leakage

(%)

Unbilled

Cons.

(%)

Unbilled

Wastage/Int.

Leakage

(%)

Bad

debts

(%)

Average actual

consumption per

private connection

(l/day/conn)

1 Banja Luka Bosnia Hercegovina yes 43% 7.0 20% 22% 1% 1% 1,420

2 Kozarska Dubica Bosnia Hercegovina yes 52% 3.7 39% 11% 1% 2% 278

3 Subotica Serbia yes 45% 3.3 19% 15% 4% 7% 389

4 Bijeljina Bosnia Hercegovina yes 55% 2.7 17% 34% 3% 1% 414

5 Smederevo Serbia yes 60% 4.1 16% 22% 7% 14% 714

6 Budva Montenegro no

7 Bosanska Krupa Bosnia Hercegovina no

8 Gračanica Bosnia Hercegovina yes 42% 1.7 19% 14% 4% 5% 126

9 Prilep R.Makedonija yes 59% 8.5 37% 19% 2% 2% 450

10 Niksic Montenegro no

11 Gornji Milanovac Serbia yes 60% 4.8 30% 18% 4% 8% 493

12 Probistip R.Makedonija yes 64% 15.0 16% 33% 7% 8% 389

13 Srebrenik Bosnia Hercegovina yes 32% 0.8 11% 11% 6% 5% 227

14 Velika Kladuša Bosnia Hercegovina yes 53% 1.4 19% 29% 2% 3% 478

15 Cazin Bosnia Hercegovina yes 60% 4.8 30% 18% 4% 8% 493

16 Zenica Bosnia Hercegovina yes 39% 7.1 27% 5% 1% 5% 1,055

17 Vitez Bosnia Hercegovina no

18 Neum Bosnia Hercegovina no

Assessment Questionnaire

# Muncipality Country


Postojeći računarski sistemi

Inicijalna evaluacija ukazuje na visok nivo neprihodovane

vode (NRW) za sve gradove u rasponu od 40% do 60% i

visok nivo curenja i nefakturisane potrošnje.

Ovi rezultati potvrđuju da problemi preduzeća nisu samo

tehnički nego i komercijalni. Potrebno je pokrenuti paralelne

akcije u smislu programa rehabilitacije komercijalnih

gubitaka.

Pitanja i diskusija

Documents

IAWD AM Regionalni centar Preliminarni razultati ... · Bad circulation/ zoning, high /irregular pressures % 100% Badly corroded pipes % 90% Visible Leaks % 90% major non-visible