IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency IAEA Activities in the Area of Partitioning and Transmutation Alexander Stanculescu Nuclear Energy Department Nuclear

IAEAInternational Atomic Energy Agency

IAEA Activities in the Area of Partitioning and Transmutation

Alexander Stanculescu

Nuclear Energy Department

Nuclear Power Technology Development Section

IAEA 8th IEM on P&T, Las Vegas, Nevada, 9-11 November 2004 2

IAEA Activities

• Implemented in collaboration by IAEA’s Nuclear Power Technology Development and Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials Sections

• Framework given by the Technical Working Groups on Fast Reactors (TWG-FR) and on Nuclear Fuel Cycle Options (TWG-NFCO)


Technical Working Group on Fast Reactors (TWG-FR)

• TWG-FR working tool toPromote exchange of information on

national and multi-national fast reactor and hybrid systems (e.g., ADS) programs

Stimulate and facilitate collaborative research and development (CRPs)

Coordinate activities with other Agency projects (e.g., in Safety), and international organizations (EC and NEA)


Membership of the TWG-FR

Belarus, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Republic of Korea, Russia, Switzerland, United Kingdom, and United States of America, as well as the EU (EC), and OECD/NEA

Observers: Sweden, Turkey


TWG-FR Annual Meetings

• Last meeting held in Vienna, IAEA Headquarters, 10 – 14 May 2004

• Next meeting will be hosted by Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN), in São Paulo, Brazil, 23 – 27 May 2004


Recent Accomplishments

• Information exchange Thorium fuel utilization: Options and

trends (IAEA TECDOC-1319) Power Reactor and Sub-critical Blanket

Systems with Lead and Lead-Bismuth as Coolant and/or Target Material (IAEA TECDOC-1348)

Potential of thorium based fuel cycles to constrain plutonium and reduce long lived waste toxicity (IAEA TECDOC-1349)

Emerging nuclear energy and transmutation systems: core physics and engineering aspects (IAEA TECDOC-1356)

Review of national accelerator driven system programmes for partitioning and transmutation (IAEA TECDOC-1365)


Recent Accomplishments

• Coordinated Research Project (CRP) on Potential of Thorium Based Fuel Cycles to Constrain Plutonium and to Reduce Long Lived Waste ToxicityResults presented at PHYSOR 2002Final results published in IAEA TECDOC-1349

• Coordinated Research Project (CRP) on Use of Thorium Based Fuel Cycles in Accelerator Driven Systems to Incinerate Plutonium and to Reduce Long-term Waste ToxicitiesIAEA TECDOC under preparation


Ongoing and Planned Activities

• Information exchangeTECDOC on review of solid and mobile fuels for

partitioning and transmutation systemsTECDOC on theoretical and experimental studies of

heavy liquid metal thermal hydraulics TECDOC on comparative assessment of the

dynamics and safety characteristics of transmutation systems

TECDOC on the status of accelerator driven systems R&D and technology



• Compendium on the use of fusion / fission / accelerator based systems for the utilization and transmutation of actinides and long-lived fission productsDescription of the technologyDescription of the various R&D areas linked to the

technologySummary of the major past, current and planned R&D

activities in these areas (worldwide)



• IAEA Workshop on Technology and Applications of Accelerator Driven Systems, in collaboration with ICTP, Trieste, Italy, 17-21 October 2005 Main objectives: formation and training Lectures, tutorials, computer exercises Participants mostly from Eastern Europe and Asia, but also

participation from Africa, Western Europe, and South America Syllabus: accelerator technology, nuclear data, ADS concepts

(design), simulation methods, ADS safety, fuel cycle issues More information soon available on

http://www.iaea.org/inis/aws/fnss/meetings/index.html#planned



• Coordinated Research Project (2002-2006) on Studies of Advanced Reactor Technology Options for Effective Incineration of Radioactive WasteParticipation from 17 institutions in 13 Member

States, and the EC (JRC)Comparative assessment of the transient behaviour

of advanced transmutation systemsBoth critical and sub-critical systems to be

consideredcritical liquid metal, and gas cooled fast reactorheavy liquid metal, and gas cooled ADS critical and sub-critical molten salt reactor fusion-fission hybrid sub-critical reactor



• Coordinated Research Project (2005-2009) on Analytical and Experimental Benchmark Analyses of Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS)Improve understanding of physics of the coupling of

external sources with sub-critical coresIntegrated calculation schemes will be used by the

participants to perform computational and experimental benchmark analyses

Experimental backing of analytical benchmarks is major objective of the CRP


Proton beam: 660 MeV, 1.52 A, 1.0 kW

Target: lead

MOX: 73% UO2, 27% PuO2

97% 239Pu in PuO2

Total fuel mass ~340 kg

Keff 0.940990.00134

Energetic gain 18.7

Sub-critical blanket

power < 19 kW

Diameter:

- target & fuel ~50 cm

- target, fuel & reflectors ~90 cm

Sub-critical Assembly Dubna (SAD), ISTC Project #2267


YALINA-Booster, ISTC #B070

keff = 0.975 – 0.980Booster zone48х48х50 cmEnriched Umet and UO2

Neutron flux En >0.1 MeV 109 n/cm2sModerator PbIntermediate zoneThickness 3 cmNatural Umet + В4С Moderator PbThermal zoneThickness 24 cmEnriched UO2

Moderator polyethyleneReflector graphiteThermal neutron flux with Ti3H target 109 n/cm2s



• ADS Research and Development DatabaseADS related R&D programs: experimental facilities

(existing and planned) and programs, methods and data development, design studies, …

Web based, operational

http://www-adsdb.iaea.org/index.cfmData collection started, contributions solicited

Request login ID and PW from [email protected] can then be provided on-line, intuitive interface


For more information, please visit http://www.iaea.org/inis/aws/fnss/

Thank You !Thank You !

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IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency IAEA Activities in the Area of Partitioning and Transmutation Alexander Stanculescu Nuclear Energy Department Nuclear