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    TheEvolvingFaceofInternalAudit

    inIndiaItsRole,KeyChallengesandtheWayForward

    GOVERNANCE, RISK AND COMPLIANCE SERVICES

    ADVISORY

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    BetweenAprilandJune2009,KPMGinIndiaandBSEjointly

    surveyed225seniorexecutivesofIndiancompaniesofwhich

    approximately75percentwerelistedcompanies,large

    corporatesandMNCs.Throughthissurvey,weaimedto

    understandtheprofileoftheInternalAudit(IA)functionwithin

    organizationsandgatherfactsontheinternalauditpractices

    thatarefollowed.

    FortysixpercentoftherespondentsbelongedtotheC-level

    categoryorvicepresidentInternalAudit,andtheother54

    percenthadvastresponsibilitiesforfinance,riskorgeneral

    managementwithintheorganizations.

    Wearegratefultoalltherespondentsfortheirvaluabletime

    andinsights.

    Aboutthesurvey

    54%CFO,

    HeadAccounts&Finance,

    ComplianceOfficer,etc.

    23%ManagingDirector

    16%ChiefExecutiveOfficer

    7%VicePresidentInternalAudit

    Respondentprofile

    2009KPMG,anIndianPartnershipandamemberfirmoftheKPMGnetworkofindependentmemberfirmsaffiliatedwithKPMGInternational,aSwisscooperative.Allrightsres

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    InternalAuditinIndiahas

    evolvedsignificantlyinthe

    lastfewyearsatapace

    fasterthanonewouldhave

    expected.Withanincreased

    spotlightongood

    governancepractices,the

    profileofIAcanonlyget

    higher.HowgearedIA

    functionsaretomeetthe

    scaledupexpectationsof

    thevariousstakeholders

    requiressomeintrospection.

    -NikhilJain,IA-Head,

    GlaxoSmithKlineConsumerHealthcareLtd,

    India.

    2009KPMG,anIndianPartnershipandamemberfirmoftheKPMGnetworkofindependentmemberfirmsaffiliatedwithKPMGInternational,aSwisscooperative.Allrightsres

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    Foreword

    Toeffectivelydevelopandexecutecorporatestrategy,riskandcontrolsmanagement

    needtobedeeplyembeddedinthecorporateculture.TheroleoftheInternalAudit

    (IA)functioninanorganizationistoprovideeffectiveandindependentassuranceto

    theboardonhowkeybusinessrisksaremanagedandstrategiesareimplemented.

    IAsupportstheboardindischargingitsoversightresponsibilitiesrelatingtostrategy

    implementation,internalcontrolsandfinancialreporting.

    Corporatefrauds,governancefailures,regulatoryscrutinyandglobalizationhaveall

    contributedtoanincreasedfocusontheIAfunctionandtheroleitplays.Thereis

    considerablere-thinkingonIAsroleintermsofhowitcansuccessfullymakethe

    transitionfromvaluepreservationtovaluecreation.

    ThishasledtoaparadigmshiftinexpectationsfromIAtodaycomparedtowhatthey

    wereafewyearsago.

    What is IA expected to deliver today?

    Implementationofariskbasedapproachtoassuranceincludinganindependent

    evaluationofmanagementsriskassessmentandmanagementprocesses

    Assuranceonavarietyofcriticalrisksthatarecrucialtoachievingcorporategoals

    Processimprovementrecommendationsthatwillpavethewayforsimple,

    standardizedandsustainableprocesseswithreducedpotentialforerrors

    Rightskillstoaddvalue

    Perspectivesonindustrybestpractices

    Adoptionofappropriatequalitystandards.

    Takingthefirststeptowardsthis,organizationsarenowattemptingtoclarifyand

    definetheroleofinternalauditintheorganization.Tofacilitateorganizationsindoing

    so,KPMGinIndiaandBSEconductedthissurveywhichfocusesonassessingthe

    currentstateofIAinorganizationsandpavingthewayforward.

    InternalAudit

    shouldstay

    aheadofthe

    businessand

    notfollowit

    2009KPMG,anIndianPartnershipandamemberfirmoftheKPMGnetworkofindependentmemberfirmsaffiliatedwithKPMGInternational,aSwisscooperative.Allrightsres

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    ThissurveyaimstounderstandtheprofileofinternalauditfunctioninIndiaIncusing

    KPMGsconceptualframeworkforIAwhichisbasedonthethreedrivingprinciplesof

    IAssuccess,i.e.positioning,peopleandprocesses.

    Wehopeyouwillfindthisreportbeneficialinsupportingyourowndrivetoembeda

    cultureofexcellenceinriskandcontrolsmanagementandinunlockingthepotential

    ofvalueprotectionandenhancementinyourorganization.

    Neville. M. Dumasia

    ExecutiveDirectorandHead

    Governance,RiskandComplianceServices

    KPMGinIndia

    Madhu Kannan

    ManagingDirector&CEO

    BombayStockExchangeLtd.

    Positioning IsIAstrategicallypositionedwithinthebusinesstoenableittocontributetobusinessperformance?

    People DoesIAhavetherightstaffingstrategytodeliverontheagreedobjectives?

    Processes DotheIAprocessesenableittoachieveobjectivesandisthedepartmentresponsivetochangingbusinessneeds?

    2009KPMG,anIndianPartnershipandamemberfirmoftheKPMGnetworkofindependentmemberfirmsaffiliatedwithKPMGInternational,aSwisscooperative.Allrightsres

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    ExecutiveSummary

    Key Survey Findings:

    IA Priorities are becoming broad based and getting clearly articulated

    ThereisnowgreaterclarityaroundIArolesandresponsibilities.Whiletheassessmentofinternalcontrol

    systemsandreportingdeficienciescontinuestobeIAsnumberonepriority,IAactivitiesarebecoming

    morebroadbasedtoincluderiskassurance,fraudriskandbusinessprocessimprovementsthereby

    indicatingthatIAismovingupthevaluechain.

    2

    5

    7

    9

    12

    15

    More is expected of IA in the sphere of fraud risk; however, IA needs to overcome some

    real challenges in meeting this expectation

    RecenteventsincorporateIndiahaveputthespotlightonfraudrisk.AuditcommitteeexpectationsfromIA

    aregrowingintheareaoffraudriskassessmentandmonitoring.Shortageofspecialistskills,lowlevelof

    skillsandconfidenceintheuseoftechnologyandanalyticsandtherelativelackofindependenceforIAare

    thefactorsimpedingIAeffectivenessinfraudriskmonitoring.

    IAs independence and stature in the organization needs to grow

    AmajorityofIAheadsarereportingtomanagement.WithIArolesbecomingbroadbased,IAsreportingrelationshipanditscommunicationwiththeBoard/auditcommitteeneedstoimproveinordertoprovideit

    withtheindependenceitneeds.

    IA funding is not impacted by recessionary trends

    AmajorityoftheIndiancompaniesbelievethatthecurrentfinancialcrisishasnothadamajorimpactonIA

    fundinganditsactivities.

    IA talent management continues to cause concerns especially when it relates to areas

    requiring specialist skills

    IAstaffingandskillsetsareproficientingeneralauditingandtraditionaloversightareassuchasfinancial

    reporting.Inareasrequiringspecialistskills,talentacquisitionandretentionposesasignificantchallenge.

    There is a significant gap between IA plans and their execution

    Completionofauditplanisachallengewithatleast25percentoftherespondentscompletinglessthan80

    percentoftheauditplanoverthepasttwoyears.

    2009KPMG,anIndianPartnershipandamemberfirmoftheKPMGnetworkofindependentmemberfirmsaffiliatedwithKPMGInternational,aSwisscooperative.Allrightsres

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    Careful consideration of IA sourcing parameters is critical to enhancing IA capabilities

    Sourcingparametersthattakeaccountofstakeholderexpectations,theorganizationalcultureandtherisk

    profileneedtobeclearlyidentifiedtoovercomeIAchallengesrelatingtoappropriateriskcoverage,

    adequacyofspecializedskillsandIAplanexecution

    17

    20

    24

    26

    29

    IA Risk Assessments are not holistic enough and they often lack the organizational buy-in

    ThereisstillsomewaytogoinmakingIAplansriskbased.EvenwhereIAfunctionsdohavearisk-based

    plan,IAneedstoovercomethechallengeofaligningitsriskassessmentswiththeenterprise-wideviewof

    risks.

    Embedding controls consciousness within the business is still evolving in India Inc

    ManyorganizationshavedeployedIAasthefirstlineofdefenseintestingtheeffectivenessofinternal

    controlstherebyindicatingthatembeddingofriskmanagementandinternalcontrolsystemsarestill

    evolvinginanumberofIndiancompanies.

    Practices followed to assess IA performance and quality lack consistency and need to be

    formalized

    AstructuredapproachtomeasuringandsustainingIAqualityislacking.Asignificantmajoritydonot

    undertakeanexternalqualityassessmentoftheirIAfunctionatperiodicintervals.

    Indian companies with a global footprint are not entirely satisfied with their coverage of

    internal operations

    Clearlythereisscopeforenhancingcoverageofinternationaloperationsknowledgeoflocallawsand

    regulationsandemergingriskissuesposeoneofthebiggestchallengeincoverageofinternational

    operations.

    2009KPMG,anIndianPartnershipandamemberfirmoftheKPMGnetworkofindependentmemberfirmsaffiliatedwithKPMGInternational,aSwisscooperative.Allrightsres

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    Positioning

    TheprofileofpresentdayIAcoverageis

    expanding.Thecanvashasbroadenedtoincludea

    mixofcomplianceandadvisoryservices.Therole

    ofinternalauditisbeingdrivenbythe

    expectationsofnumerousstakeholders

    comprisingtheCEO,auditcommittee,executive

    managementandexternalauditors.Itisimportant

    thattheCEO,headofIAandtheauditcommittee

    haveacommonsharedvisionforIAthatiswell

    communicatedandclearlyunderstoodbyall

    stakeholdersconcerned.

    ArunMehra,IA-Head,WMIndiaTechnical&ConsultingServices(P)Ltd

    1

    2009KPMG,anIndianPartnershipandamemberfirmoftheKPMGnetworkofindependentmemberfirmsaffiliatedwithKPMGInternational,aSwisscooperative.Allrightsres

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    ThereisnowgreaterclarityaroundIArolesandresponsibilities.Whileassessmentof

    internalcontrolsystemsandreportingdeficienciescontinuestobeIAsnumberone

    priority,IAactivitiesarebecomingmorebroadbasedtoincluderiskassurance,fraud

    riskandbusinessprocessimprovements.ThisindicatesthatIAismovingupthevalue

    chain.

    Amajorityoftherespondents(72percent)(seeFigure1)haveanIAcharterindicatingthatthereisclarityaroundthestructureandmandateforIA.Withinthe

    IAcharters,thereissufficientcoverageofIAsmission,objectives,expectationsof

    andaccesstoauditcommittees,independence,natureandscopeofwork,

    communicationandreporting.However,theresultsindicatethatthereneedsto

    begreaterclarityaroundIAsperformanceassessmentprocessesandthe

    escalationprotocolsitadoptstoreportissuesandconcerns(seeFigure2).

    Notsurprisingly,surveyresultsindicatethatevaluationandreportingof

    deficienciesininternalcontrolscontinuestodominateIAagendas.Additionally,

    evaluationandreportingonkeybusinessrisksandmonitoringfraudriskarealso

    emergingaskeyprioritiesforIAfunctions.IAfunctionsarealsoincreasingly

    focusingonprocessandcontrolimprovements,sharingofbestpracticesand

    revenueenhancement/costreductionrecommendationswhichisindicativeofthe

    factthatIAfunctionsarenotonlycompliancedrivenbutalsofocusingonvalue

    creation(seeFigure3).

    Positioning

    IAPriorities

    No

    28%

    Yes

    72%

    Existence of IA charter

    Figure 1

    KPMGinIndiaandBSE'sInternalAuditSurvey2009

    2009KPMG,anIndianPartnershipandamemberfirmoftheKPMGnetworkofindependentmemberfirmsaffiliatedwithKPMGInternational,aSwisscooperative.Allrightsres

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    81%

    81%

    66%

    48%

    89%

    76%

    82%

    61%

    55%

    53%

    41%

    6%

    0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

    Mission, purpose, and objectives

    Access to books and records

    Access to the audit committee and C level executives

    Escalation protocols

    Scope and nature of internal audit work

    Independence and objectivity

    Communication and reporting

    Expectations of the audit committee

    Expectations of executive management

    Alignment with other risk management functions

    Performance assessment

    Other

    80%

    92%

    62%

    62%

    72%

    65%

    60%

    31%

    54%

    49%

    57%

    41%

    20%

    8%

    17%

    7%

    33%

    36%

    25%

    35%

    38%

    52%

    36%

    41%

    39%

    49%

    54%

    38%

    3%

    1%

    5%

    2%

    3%

    1%

    2%

    17%

    11%

    10%

    4%

    9%

    26%

    54%

    0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

    Evaluating and reporting of key risks in business

    Evaluating and reporting of deficiencies in internal controls

    Evaluating & reporting on risk assessment & management process

    Input into development of action plans for identified deficiencies

    Monitoring fraud risk

    Monitoring resolution of identified deficiencies

    Suggesting improvements in internal controls

    Support of the external audit process

    Performing testing related to the Internal Control Regulation

    Sharing of leading practices across the business

    Suggesting improvement in process design and operation

    Suggesting opportunities for cost reduction or increasing revenues

    Development of people for leadership positions

    Other

    Very Important Somewhat Important Not Important

    Major components of IA charter

    Activities ranked for importance in meeting expectations and mandate for internal audit

    Figure 2

    Figure 3

    KPMGinIndiaandBSE'sInternalAuditSurvey2009

    KPMGinIndiaandBSE'sInternalAuditSurvey2009

    3

    2009KPMG,anIndianPartnershipandamemberfirmoftheKPMGnetworkofindependentmemberfirmsaffiliatedwithKPMGInternational,aSwisscooperative.Allrightsres

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    Originallydevelopedasameansofassisting

    organizationswithsafeguardingcorporateassetsand

    enforcingcorporatepoliciestopreservebusiness

    value,IAisexpandingtonowalsofocusonactivities

    thathelptheorganizationcreatebusinessvalue.

    InternalAudithasbecomeahighlysophisticated

    functionvirtuallyabusinessuntoitself.

    Figure 4TheComplianceJourney,KPMGInternational,2004

    2009KPMG,anIndianPartnershipandamemberfirmoftheKPMGnetworkofindependentmemberfirmsaffiliatedwithKPMGInternational,aSwisscooperative.Allrightsres

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    RecenteventsincorporateIndiahaveputthespotlightonfraudrisk.Audit

    committeesareexpectingmorefromIAintheareaoffraudriskassessmentand

    monitoring.However,ashortageofspecialistskills,lowlevelofskillsandconfidence

    intheuseoftechnologyandanalyticsandtherelativelackofindependenceforIAare

    factorsimpedingIAeffectivenessinfraudriskmonitoring.

    Overhalfoftherespondents(56percent)(seeFigure5)indicatedthatIAhastheprimaryresponsibilityforfraudriskassessmentandmonitoring.Itisalso

    somewhatdisconcertingthat41percentofthesurveyrespondentshave

    indicatedthatIAeitherdoesnotfocusonfraudriskorIAconductsinvestigations

    concerningfraudsonlyifrequiredbythemanagement

    IncreasedexpectationsofIAinrespectoffraudriskassessmentandmonitoring

    emphasizestheneedforgreaterindependencetoIA.IAindependenceisvitalto

    developtheconfidencethatIAwillreportsuspiciousseniormanagement

    activitiestotheboardand/ortheauditcommittee

    ResponsesacrossvariousmodelsofIAfunctions(in-house,co-sourcedand

    outsourced)regardingtheuseoftechnologyindicatesthatthereisscopeto

    improveauditefficienciesbythedeploymentoftechnologyandanalyticsinthe

    auditprocess.Amajority(over60percent)ratedtheircapabilityintheuseof

    technologyandanalyticstoberangingfromaveragetopoor(seeFigure6)

    Thereisagrowingrealizationthatdataminingtoolsareeffectiveinpreventingor

    detectingfraudsinorganizations.However,organizationsaregenerallyslowin

    usingdataminingandanalyticstodetecttrendsandpatternswhichcouldyield

    thempotentialredflags.Thisisinlargepartattributabletotheshortageof

    adequateskillsinthisareawithintheIAfunction.

    Positioning

    IAfocusonfraudrisk

    monitoring

    5

    2009KPMG,anIndianPartnershipandamemberfirmoftheKPMGnetworkofindependentmemberfirmsaffiliatedwithKPMGInternational,aSwisscooperative.Allrightsres

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    Point of View

    Continuous Auditing and Continuous Monitoring

    TransformingIAandManagementMonitoringtocreatevalue

    Theeconomiccrisisclearlydemonstratesthatchangesareoftenfastanddramatic,andthatthereisarealneedformanagementanddirectorstounderstandthevelocityofriskthespeedatwhichanemergingriskcanbemanifestedandhaveacatastrophic

    impactonthebusiness.Inthisenvironment,management

    shouldassessthecompanyscriticalalignments(strategy,

    goals,risks,incentives,performancemeasuresandinternal

    controls)onaregular,frequentbasis;annualorsemi-annual

    assessmentsmaynotbeadequate.Manyhavebegunto

    advancetheireffortsbyimplementingContinuousAuditing

    (CA)andContinuousMonitoring(CM)disciplinesaroundtheir

    organizationalprocesses,transactions,systems,and

    controls.Leveragingproactive,technology-basedapplications

    tomanageperformanceandkeyareasofriskandcontrolhasbecomeapracticalandnecessaryalternativetomeetthe

    growingneedsoftheorganization.Together,CAandCMoffer

    abroadrangeofbenefitsthatcanhelporganizationsadd

    valueandimprovebusinessperformance.CA/CMcandeliver

    regularinsightintothestatusofcontrolsandtransactions

    acrosstheglobalenterprise,enhancingriskandcontroloversightcapabilitythroughmonitoringanddetection.

    30% 54% 16%

    35% 46% 19%

    35% 43% 22%

    0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

    Outsourced

    Co-sourced

    Inhouse

    Very Good Average Poor

    Use of technology / analytics in IA

    Figure 6

    13%

    56%

    28%

    4%

    0% 25% 50% 75%

    Internal Audit department does not focus on

    fraud risk

    Internal Audit department is responsible for

    regular assessment and monitoring of fraud risk

    Internal audit department only conducts

    investigations concerning frauds if

    mandated by management

    Others

    The relationship between IA and fraud risk

    Figure 5

    2009KPMG,anIndianPartnershipandamemberfirmoftheKPMGnetworkofindependentmemberfirmsaffiliatedwithKPMGInternational,aSwisscooperative.Allrightsres

    KPMGinIndiaandBSE'sInternalAuditSurvey2009

    KPMGinIndiaandBSE'sInternalAuditSurvey2009

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    ResponsestothesurveyindicatesthatamajorityofIAheadsarereportingto

    management.WithIArolesbecomingincreasinglybroadbased,IAsreporting

    relationshipanditscommunicationwiththeboard/auditcommitteeneedsto

    improveinordertoprovideitwiththeindependenceitneeds.

    Lessthanhalfofthesurveyrespondents(47percent)(seeFigure7)saidthatthe

    ChiefAuditExecutives(CAE)shouldreporttotheAuditCommittee,therebyindicating

    thatinmanyIndiancompanies,managementplaysakeyroleinoversightofthe

    InternalAuditfunction.

    TheInstituteofInternalAuditors(IIA)recommendsthattheCAEshouldfunctionally

    reporttotheauditcommitteeandadministrativelytotheCEO*.

    Whom should IA report to? the two schools of thought

    OpinionsaredividedintermsofwhomIAshouldreporttointheorganization.There

    arethosewhostatethatIAshouldreporttothebusinessheads(CEO,CFO,etc.)

    withadottedlinetothechairoftheAuditCommittee.Othersareoftheopinionthat

    IAshouldbemadeaccountablesolelytothechairoftheAuditCommittee.The

    justificationforthelatteristhatIAsresponsibilitieshaveincreasedmanifoldand

    henceIAneedsgreaterindependencetodischargeitsresponsibilities.Thereisalso

    theviewthatmanyoftheareasinwhichIAprovidesassurance,fallwithintheCFO's

    remit.ReportingtotheCFOcouldcompromiseIAsabilitytoobjectivelyreporton

    seniormanagementactivitiestotheauditcommittee.Onewaytoovercomethis

    problemisbyhavingtheCAEreporttotheCEO.

    Point of View

    Enhancing Independence of IA

    TheheadofIAshouldhaveclearauthoritytocommunicatedirectlyandontheirinitiativetotheboardandmembersoftheAudit

    Committee(AC).Forinstance,headofIAshouldmeetprivatelywiththeboard/ACwithoutthepresenceofmanagement.This

    shouldreinforcetheindependenceanddirectnatureofthereportingrelationship

    ThereportinglineshouldfacilitateopenanddirectcommunicationswiththeCEO,theseniorexecutivegroupandlinemanagement

    Theboard/ACshouldhavethefinalauthoritytoreviewandapprovetheannualauditplan

    Theboard/ACshouldalsoreviewtheperformanceoftheheadofIAandtheoverallinternalauditfunctionatleastonceayear,

    andapprovethecompensationlevelsforheadofIA.

    (*Source:InternalauditsroleineffectivecorporategovernanceKPMGinAustralia;IIAPracticeAdvisory1110-2:ChiefAuditExecutiveReportingLines,December2002)

    Positioning

    IAsindependence

    7

    2009KPMG,anIndianPartnershipandamemberfirmoftheKPMGnetworkofindependentmemberfirmsaffiliatedwithKPMGInternational,aSwisscooperative.Allrightsres

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    ThosewhoareinfavorofIAreportingtothebusiness,statethatIAismerelyan

    extensionofthebusiness,anditistaskedwiththeresponsibilityofmonitoringadequate

    checksandbalancesoverbusinessactivities.MakingIA'sreportingprocessindependent

    fromthebusinesscouldalsoresultinIAbeingconsideredasanoutsiderandtherefore

    notbeingproperlyengagedbythebusinessinprocessandcontrolimprovement

    initiatives.Besidestheabove,thereisalsothequestionastowhetherauditcommittees

    areequippedtohandletheadditionalresponsibilitiesassociatedwiththeoversightofIA

    (i.e.whetheranon-executivedirectorshouldbeaccountableforanexecutivefunction

    unlessthereisanexecutivelayerinbetween)

    GiventheprosandconsassociatedwithbothschoolsofthoughtandregardlessofIAs

    reporting,IAsaccessibilitytotheauditcommitteeandcreatingtherightclimateforopen

    andtransparentcommunicationbetweentheCAEandthechairoftheauditcommittee

    isextremelyimportant.Inthiscontext,privatesessionsorexecutivesessionswhichare

    facetofacemeetingsbetweentheauditcommitteechair

    andtheCAE,supportedbyproperagendas,executive

    summariesanddetailedfindingsreportareinvogue.Ata

    minimum,executivesessionstakeplacepriortoeachaudit

    committeemeeting.ThesemeetingsprovideboththeCAE

    andtheauditcommitteechairwithanopportunitytoshare

    eachothersconcernsandviewsonwhatisgoingoninthe

    business.Inbetweenformalsessions,CAEsshouldalso

    havetheflexibilityofraisingissuesinformallywiththeaudit

    committeechairifthereisareallyburningissuethatsimply

    cannotwaituntilthenextformalmeeting.

    47%

    18%17%

    2%

    17%

    0%

    25%

    50%

    75%

    Audit Committee Chief Executive

    Officer

    Chief Financial

    Officer

    Legal / General

    Counsel or Chief

    Risk Officer

    Other

    Figure 7

    Who should the Chief Audit Executive report to?

    2009KPMG,anIndianPartnershipandamemberfirmoftheKPMGnetworkofindependentmemberfirmsaffiliatedwithKPMGInternational,aSwisscooperative.Allrightsres

    KPMGinIndiaandBSE'sInternalAuditSurvey2009

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    AmajorityoftheIndiancompaniesbelievethatthecurrentfinancialcrisishasnothad

    amajorimpactonIAfundinganditsactivities.

    Eightythreepercentoftherespondentshaveindicatedthattheircurrentbudgetsand

    workforceareadequateinrelationtotheirrequirementsforIAcoverageand

    executionoftheIAplan(seeFigure8).

    Positioning

    IAfunding

    Yes, 83% No, 17%

    0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

    Figure 8

    Is the budget and workforce available to IA sufficient

    in providing adequate coverage?

    9

    2009KPMG,anIndianPartnershipandamemberfirmoftheKPMGnetworkofindependentmemberfirmsaffiliatedwithKPMGInternational,aSwisscooperative.Allrightsres

    KPMGinIndiaandBSE'sInternalAuditSurvey2009

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    1

    2009KPMG,anIndianPartnershipandamemberfirmoftheKPMGnetworkofindependentmemberfirmsaffiliatedwithKPMGInternational,aSwisscooperative.Allrightsres

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    People

    Withitsincreasedfocusonvaluecreation,internal

    auditwillneedtoacquirenewskillsbytrainingand

    hiringnewtalent,orsourcingfromoutsideservice

    providers.Newskillsthatmayberequiredinclude

    strategicoperationalknowledge(supplychain,

    sharedservicesoroutsourcing),cross-cultural

    trainingforglobalorganizations,knowledgeof

    emergingmarkets,riskmanagementand

    evaluation,dataanalytics,fraud,andmore.

    MichaelJ.Nolan,HeadIARCS,KPMGInUS

    EdwardF.Smith,KPMGsAuditCommitteeInstitute

    Source:FindingNewValueinInternalAudit,2008

    11

    2009KPMG,anIndianPartnershipandamemberfirmoftheKPMGnetworkofindependentmemberfirmsaffiliatedwithKPMGInternational,aSwisscooperative.Allrightsres

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    IAstaffingandskillsetsareproficientingeneralauditingandtraditionaloversight

    areassuchasfinancialreporting.Inareasrequiringspecialistskills,talentacquisition

    andretentionposeasignificantchallenge.

    IAskillsetsareconsideredverygoodtogoodinareassuchasfinancialreporting

    andaccounting,internalauditstandards,operationalauditing,legalandregulatory

    complianceandprocessimprovement.Incomplexandspecialistareassuchas

    businesscontinuity,jointventure/licensing,environmental/sustainability,

    engineeringandmergerandacquisitiontransactions,IAskillsetsrangefrom

    averagetopoor(seeFigure10).TherelativeabsenceofIT,forensicspecialistsand

    engineersisachallengethatIAfunctionsneedtoovercome.

    LackofdefinedcompetencymodelsandlearningmapsforIAprofessionalsis

    citedasthemainchallengeintermsofdevelopingIAskillsets.Thisindicatesthat

    organizationsneedtoworktowardsmappingskillsrequiredtodelivereffectiveIA

    engagementstotheskillsthatarepresentinthefunctionanddevelopa

    frameworkforenhancingandre-toolingIAskillsets.Inadequateallocationoftime

    toIAtraining,qualityofIAtrainingprogramsandabsenceofdefinedcareer

    progressionareallcitedbyrespondentsastheotherreasonsforIAsinabilityto

    developandretainspecialistskills(seeFigure11).

    Sixtyninepercentofthesurveyrespondentsindicatedthattheydidnothavea

    formalprogramtorotateprofessionalsinthebusinessthroughtheIAfunction

    (seeFigure9).ThishighlightsthatthereisaneedtopositionIAjobsmore

    positivelywithinorganizationsandIAcareerpathsneedtobeintegratedwiththe

    widerorganizationalpeopleprocessesinordertoenhanceIAscompatibility,both

    technicallyandculturally.

    People

    IAtalentmanagement

    1

    2009KPMG,anIndianPartnershipandamemberfirmoftheKPMGnetworkofindependentmemberfirmsaffiliatedwithKPMGInternational,aSwisscooperative.Allrightsres

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    No

    69%

    Yes

    31%

    Wherequalityisgood/verygood

    1Financialreportingand

    accounting

    2Compliancewithinternalaudit

    standards

    3 Operationalauditing

    4Legalandregulatory

    compliance

    5 Processimprovement

    Wherequalityisaverage

    1 Informationsystems

    2Useoftechnologyand

    analytics

    3Fraudpreventionand

    detection

    4 Enterpriseriskmanagement

    5 Distribution/supplychain

    Wherequalityispoor

    1 JointVenture/Licensing

    2 Environmental/Sustainability

    3 Engineering

    4Mergersandacquisitions

    transactions

    5 Businesscontinuityplanning

    Quality of experience and technical skills in the Internal Audit function to provide coverage of

    risk areas requiring specialist skills

    Key challenges in developing the skills of your existing Internal Audit function?

    Lack of defined competency models and learning maps 39%

    34%

    31%

    25%

    7%

    24%

    0% 25% 50%

    Lack of appropriate training materials / programs

    Lack of time to dedicate to training

    Lack of defined career progression

    Other

    Not applicable

    Figure 9

    Figure 10

    Figure 11

    Existence of a formal program to rotate professionals

    in the business through Internal Audit

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    Point of View

    Overcoming the people challenge

    ToattracttalentedpeopleinIA,thefirstthingthatneedstohappenistohaveastrongleaderatthehelm.

    QualitiesthatanIAleadershouldpossess: Heorsheshouldbesomeonewhoisindependentminded,hasstronginter-personalskills,agoodunderstandingofbusiness

    needsandtheabilitytobuildrelationshipsbothwithinandoutsidethefunction

    ManyorganizationsarenowlookingtoCAEcandidateswhohavehandledseniorpositionsinbusinesseitherwithinoroutside

    theorganization

    PeopleskillsareconsideredveryimportantinthecontextoftheCAEbeingabletoattractgoodpeopleandalsobeingableto

    developrelationsandwintheconfidenceofstakeholders.

    GiventheimportanceoftheIAfunction,boththeauditcommitteechairmanandCEOshouldbeinvolvedintheselectionofthe

    CAE.

    Attracting the best people to IA some key aspects to consider BecauseIAjobsareconsideredresponsibilityoriented,itisimportanttoeffectivelycommunicateIAsimportanceandposition

    IAjobsasopportunitiestogainanin-depthunderstandingofkeyorganizationalrisksandprocesses

    CAEsshouldtakeapersonalinterestingroomingandmotivatingtalentedpeopleinIA.Enhancingskillsetsthroughperiodic

    formalandinformaltrainingisakeystepthatCAEswillneedtogetinvolvedwith

    AuditcommitteechairsintheWestareengagingwiththeirCAEstodiscussaboutIAskills,trainingprograms,careerdevelopment

    andsuccessionplanning.ThesearemeasuresthatarebeingusedbytheauditcommitteestoevaluatetheperformanceoftheCAE

    IAjobsshouldbepositionedasavitalstepincareerprogression.Overthelongerterm,IAsroleinsuccessionplanningwithin

    theorganisationisimportanti.e.IAshoulddemonstratethatithashelpedgroomanddevelopbusinessleaders.

    StaffrotationprogramsinvolvingrotationofbusinessmangerstotheIAfunctioncanplayanimportantroleinmeetingsomeofthe

    challengesrelatingtodevelopmentofskills.Suchprogramsofferdualbenefitssuchas:

    BusinessmanagershelpincreasetheIAfunctionsoverallknowledgeofbusinessoperations

    Businessmanagersdevelopaholisticunderstandingoforganizationalprocessesandemergingrisksandshouldalsobeableto

    applyIAdisciplinesaroundrisksandcontrolstobusinessoperations.

    Todoathoroughjob,theteamshouldinclude

    engineersandeconomistsapartfromthe

    financialexperts

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    Completionofauditplanisachallengewithatleast25percentoftherespondents

    completinglessthan80percentofthetheirauditplanoverthepasttwoyears.

    IAfunctionsthathaveaco-sourcedmodelaregenerallybetteratexecutingover80

    percentoftheauditplanascomparedtothosethathaveanoutsourced/in-house

    model(seeFigure13).Areasonforthisisthataco-sourcedmodelcombinestheskill

    setsofanoutsourcedproviderwiththeknowledgeofoperationsandcompany

    processesofanin-houseIAfunction.AmongstthoseIAfunctionsthathavean

    outsourcedmodel,surveyrespondentshaveindicatedthattimeandproject

    managementarethekeychallengestocompletingtheauditplan.However,amongst

    thoseIAfunctionsthathaveaco-sourced/in-housemodel,assignmentofresources

    toprojectsnotpartoftheIAplanwascitedasthemainchallengeincompletingthe

    auditplan(seeFigure14).Factorssuchasinadequatesupportfromauditeefunctions

    andauditeenon-readinessarestillbeingcitedasconcernsbythesurveyrespondents

    incompletingtheauditplan.ThisreinforcestheneedforbetterindependenceforIA

    andfrequentinteractionsbetweentheCAEandCEO/boardandauditcommittee

    chairshouldhelpalleviateinovercomingthesechallenges.

    People

    ExecutionoftheIAplan

    27%

    33%

    22%

    8%

    4% 4%2%

    26% 26%

    18%

    15%

    7%

    3%5%

    0%

    10%

    20%

    30%

    40%

    100% 90-99% 80-89% 70-79% 60-69% 50-59% Less than 50%

    Prior Year % Two Years Ago %

    Extent of audit plan completion over the past two years

    Figure 12

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    32%

    46%

    22%

    27%

    52%

    22%

    0%

    10%

    20%

    30%

    40%

    50%

    60%

    Outsourced Model Co-sourced Model Inhouse Model

    Prior Year % Two Years Ago %

    33%

    23%

    26%

    28%

    17%

    15%

    49%

    44%

    46%

    50%

    42%

    41%

    18%

    34%

    28%

    22%

    41%

    45%

    0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

    Allocation of IA resources to projects not in IA plan

    Workforce below the required levels

    Difficulties in obtaining specialised skills

    Issues related to managing time and IA projects

    Inadequate support from auditee functions

    Auditee non-readiness

    Very Challenging Somewhat Challenging Minimal Challenge

    Extent of audit plan completion over the past two years

    Nature and degree of key challenges faced in completing the audit plan

    Figure 13

    Figure 14

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    Sourcingparametersthattakeaccountofstakeholderexpectations,theorganizational

    cultureandtheriskprofileneedtobeclearlyidentifiedtoovercomeIAchallenges

    relatingtoappropriateriskcoverage,adequacyofspecializedskillsandIAplan

    execution.

    Whilecompliance/regulatoryaspectsareexpectedtocontinuetooccupyIA

    resourcesandpriorities,overthenextonetotwoyears,processimprovements

    andfraudrisksarealsoareaswhichareexpectedtovieforIAresources(see

    Figure15).TheAuditCommitteeJourneysurvey(Nov08-Feb09)conducted

    jointlybyKPMGsAuditCommitteeInstitute(ACI)andtheNationalAssociationof

    CorporateDirectors(NACD),whichincludedauditcommitteemembersfrom

    Indiancompanieshashighlightedthatauditcommitteemembersareleast

    confidentabouthowthecompanyisaddressingITrisk,fraudriskandother

    significantrisksfacingthebusiness,andthe

    waytheyaremonitored.Thefindingsofthis

    globalsurveyalsoconfirmthatthereare

    issuesaroundtheadequacyofspecialist

    skillsincomplexareas.

    Theneedforoperationalandtechnical

    skillswithinIAcoupledwiththe

    challengesfacedincompletingtheaudit

    plansexplainswhyanoverwhelming

    77percentofthesurveyrespondents

    saidthattheyusedthirdpartyservice

    providersforstaffingtheIAfunction

    (seeFigure16).While30percentof

    respondentshadcompletelyoutsourced

    theirIAfunctions,anequalnumberhad

    hiredexternalpartiesforobtaining

    accesstospecializedITskillsandfor

    achievingcompliancerequirements

    (Clause49).

    35%

    38%

    51%

    40%

    8%

    57%

    72%

    22%

    83%

    4%

    0% 30% 60% 90%

    Major programs risk (IT,

    construction, etc.)

    Contract risk

    Information security

    IT risk

    Mergers and acquisition risk

    Fraud

    Process Improvement

    Tax risk

    Compliance / Regulatory

    Other

    People

    Sourcingchallenges

    Allocation of IA time and resources over the next 1-2 years

    Figure 15

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    Point of View

    The changing IA landscape and its impact on sourcing?

    Withpressuremountingtodelivermoreandinordertocometotermswithskill

    gaps,internalauditisundoubtedlyatacrossroadsinitsevolution.

    Theever-growingneedforspecialistresourcesmeansthatIAqualifiesasaprime

    candidateforstrategicsourcing.Inaneconomicslowdown,whencost,efficiency,

    andflexibilityareparamountcompaniesareincreasinglysourcingfunctionsoutside

    theircorecompetenciesasawayofreducingcosts,freeingupcapital,achieving

    greaterflexibilitytorespondtorapidlychangingbusinessconditions,andenhancing

    theirabilitytofocusonwhattheydowell.

    Inadditiontogainingaccesstostrategicskillsandhelpingmanagecosts,IAsourcing

    arrangementsalsooffercompaniesaccesstoglobalresources,leading

    methodologiesandpractices.

    Itistypicallynotsoeasyfororganizationstoenterintotherightsourcing

    arrangement.Executivesshouldbesuretocompletetheassessmentphasebeforemovingtotheselectionphase.Thefollowingaspectsshouldbeconsideredwhile

    assessingtheprovidersofIA:

    Accesstoresourceswiththerightspecializedskills

    Culturalcompatibility

    InternalAuditsourcingexperienceinsame/similarindustry

    Knowledgesharingcapabilitiesrelatedtointernalauditandriskmanagement

    Globalreachtothecountries/regionsthatalignwiththeorganization

    Yes

    77%

    No

    23%

    AchievingleadingIA

    capabilitiesrequiresa

    significantlevelof

    investmentinskilled

    resources,methods,training,careerpaths

    andtechnical

    infrastructure.

    Maintainingthose

    capabilitiesrequiresa

    sustainedlevelof

    investmentinboth

    goodandchallengingeconomictimes

    Use of third-party service providers

    by the IA function

    Figure 16

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    Processes

    Traditionally,IAinIndiawasasupplementtostatutory

    audit,veryoftenpreemptingthetestsandchecksthey

    wouldperformtohelpensureintegrityoffinancial

    reporting.Howeveroverthepastdecade,thefocushas

    broadenedtoincludeinternalcontrolsoveroperational

    andsupportprocesseswhichmaynothaveany

    implicationonfinancialreporting.Maturecompanieshave

    beguntoadopta

    risk-basedapproach,whereintheeffortoftheIAfunction

    isfocusedonthemoresignificantandprobablerisks.

    InternalAuditshouldbecapableofanticipatingemerging

    risks,andtakingtheinitiativetoadjustauditplansand

    activitiesaschangesinthebusiness,thecontrol

    environment,andtheeconomicenvironmentoccur.

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    ThereisstillsomewaytogoinmakingIAplansriskbased.EvenwhereIAfunctions

    dohavearisk-basedplan,IAneedstoovercomethechallengeofaligningitsrisk

    assessmentswiththeenterprise-wideviewofrisks.

    OnewouldhaveexpectedavastmajorityofIndiancompaniestohaveadopteda

    riskapproachtoIA.However,32percentofsurveyrespondentsindicatedthat

    theirIAfunctionsdonotperformariskassessment(seeFigure17).Thisindicates

    thatthereisstillsomewaytogoinmakingIAplansriskbased.

    Insomeways,thesurveyresultsactuallymirrortheviewsthatcametothefore

    duringKPMGspolloncorporategovernanceinIndia(Dec08-Jan09)andthe

    globalauditcommitteemembersurvey(TheAuditCommitteeJourney,Nov08-

    Feb09)whichhighlightedthatthequalityofriskmanagementisakeyconcern.

    Mostboardsarestrugglingtounderstandtheadequacyofmanagementsrisk

    managementprocesses,thelinkageofstrategiestorisksandtheirorganizations

    processestoidentifyandrespondtoemergingrisks.Thisisreflectedbythefact

    thatstrategicrisksarecoveredinonly46percentofIAriskassessments(see

    Figure20).

    ManyIndiancompanieshaveimplementedriskmanagementandinternalcontrol

    systemsinresponsetothemandatoryrequirementsunderClause49(Amended)

    oftheSEBIlistingagreement.Itisprobablytruethatinanumberofcases,risk

    assessmentsarecarriedoutwithacompliancemindset.InanumberofIndian

    companies,thefrequencyofriskassessmentisannualandIAoftendrivesthe

    riskassessmentprocessacrosstheorganization.DespiteIAriskassessments

    seekingactivemanagementparticipationandhavinganenterprise-widecoverage,

    62percentoftherespondentshaveindicatedthatIAriskassessmentsareonlysomewhatalignedtotheenterprisewideviewofrisks(seeFigure18).Thismis-

    alignmentmaybeattributedtothefactthatriskthinkingisyettobefully

    embeddedintheorganizationalprocessesleadingtoalackofclarityaroundrisk

    ownership.IAlackingsufficientexperienceandknowledgeofkeybusinessrisks

    hasfurthercontributedtothismis-alignment.

    Processes

    IAriskassessments

    Veryoftenrisk

    managementis

    viewedasasenior

    managementor

    internalauditdomainandthisiswherethe

    problemlies.The

    challengeliesin

    embeddingrisk

    thinkingwithinthe

    rankandfileofthe

    organization

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    8%

    54%

    38%

    Well aligned and strong interaction with proactive sharing of risk and control information

    Somewhat aligned and some interaction and sharing of risk and control information on request

    Not aligned and limited interaction with no sharing of risk and control information

    85%

    53%

    68%

    65%

    23%

    0% 30% 60% 90%

    Enterprise-wide coverage

    Input from other risk management

    functions

    Active participation by executive

    management

    Active participation by business unit

    management

    Active participation by external audit

    46%

    81%87%

    90%

    18%

    0%

    25%

    50%

    75%

    100%

    Strategic Financial

    Reporting

    Operational Compliance Others

    Yes

    68%

    No

    32%

    Formal risk assessment performed

    by the IA department

    Extent of alignment of IA risk assessment with enterprise

    wide view of risk

    Figure 17

    Participation in the risk assessment process Nature of risks covered by IAs risk assessment

    Figure 19

    Figure 20

    Figure 18

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    Point of View

    Is IA prepared for a paradigm shift in its objective?

    Expectations from IA are changing

    AuditcommitteesarenolongersatisfiedifIAmerelyprovidesassuranceonthe

    effectivenessofinternalcontrolsbasedonanannualauditplanandriskassessment.

    AuditcommitteestodayexpectIAfunctionstoevaluatetheeffectivenessofthe

    enterprisewideriskmanagementprocessesandalsoexpectIAtobringinformation

    tothemonemergingrisks.AuditcommitteesaremoreconcernedifIAperceptionsof

    keyrisksarenotalignedwiththebusinessviewsresultinginthelackofaholistic

    viewonkeyrisks.TheimportantquestionthoughisIsIApreparedforthischangein

    itsobjective?

    Making the transition

    ToenableIAtotransitioneffectively,itisimportanttoembedriskthinkingandrisk

    assessmentpracticeswithinbusinessunitsaspartofthebusinessplanningand

    strategyprocess.OwnershipforriskmanagementshouldrestwithinthebusinessunitsandtheCEOshoulddrivethischangewithintheorganizationbyraisingthe

    profileofriskmanagement.Transferringriskmanagementownershiptothebusiness

    shouldresultingreaterclarityaroundrisksandfacilitateconvergenceofthetop-down

    andbottomsupviewonrisks.ThiswouldalsoenableIAtoindependentlyevaluate

    theeffectivenessofthemanagementsriskmanagementprocesses.

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    Point of View

    The Institute of Chartered Accountants of Indias (ICAI) guide

    on Risk Based Internal Audit (RBIA)

    Asitsprimaryactivity,internalauditingshouldheadtowardspromotingrisk

    managementinanorganizationandadoptaRiskBasedInternalAudit(RBIA)methodologythatprovidesanassuranceonthemanagementofrisksasagainstan

    assuranceoncontrolprocessesundertraditionalmethodology.

    Themeasuringyardstickformanagingrisksistheriskappetiteaslaiddownbythe

    Board.Itmaybenotedthatonlythoseorganizationsthatarereasonably

    risk maturedwouldbeauditableunderRBIAmethodology.

    InRBIA,IAreviewsthemanagement'sriskassessmentprocesstoconcludewhether

    torelyonitornot.Iftheriskassessmentisreliable,theinternalauditorconcludes

    theauditplanasperthemanagementsriskassessment.

    Certainfactorsthatinternalauditmayuseindeterminingriskmaturityaresetout

    below:

    Definedprocessestoidentifyandassessrisks

    Riskresponsesareidentified,documentedandthereisclarityonownershipand

    actions

    Riskappetiteisdefinedatbothagross(inherent)andnet(residual)level

    Managementhassetupprocessestomonitorcontrols/actions,reviewresults,

    andreportonthemtotheBoardandexecutivemanagement

    Thereareprocessesinplacetoidentifyandassessemergingrisksthatarisefrom

    strategicchangesandupdatethemintheriskregisters

    Managersprovideassuranceontheeffectivenessoftheirriskmanagement

    Managersareassessedontheirriskmanagementperformance

    Wheretheriskassessmentisnotreliable,internalauditcannotproceedunderthe

    RBIAmethodology.Ithastoadopttraditionalinternalauditandcarryoutrisk

    assessmentalongwithmanagementtoidentifysignificantriskstobeincludedinthe

    auditplan.

    Riskspertainingto

    thecompanyare

    identifiedbythe

    managementby

    adoptingaconsistententerprisewide

    processandclassified

    intocritical,high,

    moderateandlow

    categories.These

    risksarethen

    assessedperiodically

    bytheconcerned

    processownersand

    reviewedbytherisk

    management

    committee.IAsroleis

    tomonitorthecontrol

    measuresand

    mitigationplansthroughperiodic

    evaluationofERM

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    14%

    21%

    40%

    27%

    48%

    29%

    29%

    3%

    0% 20% 40% 60%

    Not applicable

    Full ownership for the program

    Full responsibility for testing of controls

    Testing of high-risk controls only

    Review of process documentation and

    process owners

    control testing completed by business

    Internal control training for business

    process owners

    Implementation of control self

    assessment

    None

    52%

    54%

    61%

    57%

    0% 25% 50% 75%

    Providing assurance to CFO on

    internal controls operation

    Supporting internal audit efforts in

    Controls testing

    Embedding controls consciousness

    within the organization

    Providing a basis for management

    to identify and deal with controlviolation and deficiencies

    Point of View

    A perspective on how globally many companies achieved sustainable compliance

    CompanieslistedintheUSstockexchangesarerequiredtocomplywithSection404oftheSarbanesOxleyActof2002(SOX).In

    theinitialyearsofcomplyingwiththisregulation(2005and2006),manyorganizationsincurredhugecostsastheydeployed

    externalresourcesandre-directedtheirIAresourcestowardsSOXtesting.Infact,inmanycompanies,IAbecamemorefocused

    onfinancialreportingrisksatthecostofoverlookingsomeoftheoperatingandstrategicrisks.

    Someofthebiggestorganizationsrealizedveryquicklythatthismethodofachievingcompliancewasflawedandunsustainable.

    Thistrendalsobroughtabouttherealizationthattooptimizecompliancecostsinthelongrun,itwasessentialtoembedcontrols

    consciousnesswithinthebusinessandgraduallydecreasethedependenceonexternalandIAresources.Againstthisbackground,

    manyorganizationssuccessfullyimplementedCSAandreducedtheircostsofcompliancetosustainablelevels.Thisalsomeantthatorganizationscouldre-directandre-toolIAresourcestofocusonthekeybusinessrisksthatmatter.

    CSAoffersseveraladvantagestoanorganizationsuchas:

    1.Achievingreductionincostsofcontrolandcompliancebyreducingadd-ontestingefforts

    2.Aligningcontrolstestingeffortsandresourcestoriskprofile

    3.Embeddingcontrolsconsciousnesswithinthebusiness

    4.PrioritizingIAinvolvementincontrolstestingbyfocusingonkeycontrolsinhighriskareasandrelyingonbusinesstestingin

    lowriskareas/lesscomplexareas

    5.EnablingIAtofreeupresources,tofocusonprovidingrobustriskassurance.

    Role of the IA function in helping the organization comply Internal

    Control Regulations (SOX/ Clause 49, etc.)

    Purpose of Control Self Assessment

    Figure 22

    Figure 23

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    74%

    19%

    6%0%

    25%

    50%

    75%

    Within the last year One to two years ago Over two years ago

    60%

    68%

    81%

    77%

    39%

    3%

    0% 25% 50% 75%

    Documenting expectations prior to audit

    Focusing audit on the key business risks

    Regular communications

    during audit

    Audit closing meeting to

    measure achievement of expectations

    Post audit survey

    Other

    No

    39%Yes

    61%

    Is an independent review carried out prior to issu-

    ing the Internal Audit report?

    Figure 25

    Indicate when the last external quality assessment

    review was performed

    Methods used by IA to ensure service delivery quality and auditee satisfaction

    Figure 27

    Figure 28

    Yes

    31%

    No

    69%

    Does Internal Audit undergo an external quality

    assessment review?

    Figure 26

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    84%

    46%

    86%

    38%

    17%

    46%

    29%

    11%

    50%

    60%

    32%

    3%

    0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

    Completed audits in comparison to the audit plan

    Length of time for issuing audit reports

    Significance of audit findings and recommendations

    Length of time to resolve audit findings

    Budget in comparison to actual hours per audit

    Revenue enhancement, savings or

    cost reductions identified

    Results from auditee surveys

    Results from other stakeholders surveys

    Percentage of recommendations implemented

    Process improvement recommendations

    Support of key business initiatives

    Other

    Point of View

    Levers for improving IA effectiveness

    Meetingthechallengesinvolvedintheareaofauditqualityandenhancingauditefficiencyrequiresadoptionofqualitystandards

    andperformancemeasures.Someimprovementleversinclude:

    Developmentofstandardizedworkingpapers,documentationrequirementsandreportingformats

    Ongoingsupervisionofauditsandotherprojectsandregularreviewofworkingpapers

    Usageofsoftwaretoolsfordataanalysis,automationofauditdocumentation,issuetrackingandresolution

    IndependentreviewofinternalauditreportsandtheirapprovalbyCAE

    Surveyingorobtainingfeedbackfromstakeholdersoncompletionofauditandotherprojects

    DefiningperformancemeasuresandtrackingandreportingofIAsperformanceagainstsuchmeasures.

    Itiscrucialtoestablishawelldefinedqualityassuranceprogramthatincludesamixofinternalandexternalqualityassessmentsto

    assessthequalityofIAsperformance,itsefficiencyandeffectivenessinmeetingtheneedsofitsstakeholders.

    AccordingtotheIIA*,internalassessmentshouldbeperformedthroughongoingmonitoringofIAperformanceandperiodic

    reviewsperformedthroughself-assessmentorbyotherpersonswithintheorganizationwithsufficientknowledgeofinternalaudit

    practices.Externalassessmentsmustbeconductedatleastonceeveryfiveyearsbyaqualified,independentreviewerorreview

    teamfromoutsidetheorganization.

    Moreover,havingregularexecutivesessionsbetweentheauditcommitteeandtheCAE(orequivalent)canfacilitateafrankand

    openendeddiscussionaboutconcernsandexpectationswhichinturncanalsoaidinarobustperformancemeasurementoftheIA

    functionbytheauditcommittee.

    Metrics used to measure Internal Audit effectiveness

    Figure 29

    2

    2009KPMG,anIndianPartnershipandamemberfirmoftheKPMGnetworkofindependentmemberfirmsaffiliatedwithKPMGInternational,aSwisscooperative.Allrightsres

    KPMGinIndiaandBSE'sInternalAuditSurvey2009

    *IIA-QualityAssessmentManual,5thedition

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    Clearlythereisscopeforenhancingcoverageofinternationaloperationsknowledge

    oflocallawsandregulationsandemergingriskissuesposethebiggestchallengein

    coverageofinternationaloperations.

    While15percentoftherespondentsdidnotcoverinternationaloperationsintheir

    auditplan,52percentoftherespondentsweresomewhatornotsatisfiedwith

    theircoverageofinternationaloperations(seeFigure30)

    Knowledgeoflocallaws/regulations(73percent),knowledgeofemergingrisk

    issues(47percent)anduseofastandardizedmethodology(32percent)were

    citedasthemajorchallengesfacedbyrespondentsinconductingauditsfor

    internationaloperations(seeFigure31).

    Processes

    Internationaloperations

    14%

    43%

    9%

    18%

    15%

    0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45%

    Highly satisfied

    Somewhat satisfied

    Not satisfied

    No international operations

    International operationsnot covered in audit plan

    31%

    16%

    28%

    32%

    73%

    47%

    0%

    20%

    40%

    60%

    80% Language and culture

    Use of standardized

    methodology (quality

    challenges)

    Knowledge of local laws /

    regulations

    Knowledge of emerging risk

    issues

    Travel time and cost

    Other

    How satisfied are you with the risk coverage of international operations?

    Major challenges faced in conducting audits for international operation.

    Figure 30

    Figure 31

    29

    2009KPMG,anIndianPartnershipandamemberfirmoftheKPMGnetworkofindependentmemberfirmsaffiliatedwithKPMGInternational,aSwisscooperative.Allrightsres

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    KPMGinIndiaandBSE'sInternalAuditSurvey2009

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    KPMG in India

    KPMGistheglobalnetworkofprofessionalservicesfirmswhoseaimistoturn

    understandingofinformation,industries,andbusinesstrendsintovalue.

    InIndiathefirmoperatesfromitsofficesinMumbai,Pune,Delhi,Kolkata,Chennai,

    BangaloreandHyderabad,andoffersitsclientsafullrangeofservices,including

    financialandbusinessadvisory,taxandregulatory,andriskadvisoryservices.

    TheIndianmemberfirmsaffiliatedwithKPMGInternationalwereestablishedin

    September1993.Asmembersofacohesivebusinessunittheyrespondtoaclient

    serviceenvironmentbyleveragingtheresourcesofaglobalnetworkoffirms,

    providingdetailedknowledgeoflocallaws,regulations,marketsandcompetition.We

    provideservicestoover2,000internationalandnationalclients,inIndia.KPMGhas

    officesinIndiainMumbai,Delhi,Bangalore,Chennai,Hyderabad,KolkataandPune.

    ThefirmsinIndiahaveaccesstomorethan3000Indianandexpatriateprofessionals,

    manyofwhomareinternationallytrained.Westrivetoproviderapid,performance-

    based,industry-focusedandtechnology-enabledservices,whichreflectashared

    knowledgeofglobalandlocalindustriesandourexperienceoftheIndianbusiness

    environment.

    Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE)

    BombayStockExchangeistheoldeststockExchangeinAsiaandhasplayedapre-

    eminentroleinthedevelopmentoftheIndiancapitalmarket.EarlieranAssociation

    OfPersons(AOP),BSEisnowacorporatisedanddemutualisedentity,withtwo

    leadingglobalExchanges,DeutscheBrseandSingaporeExchange,asitsstrategic

    partners.

    BSEprovidesanefficientandtransparentmarketfortradinginequity,debt

    instrumentsandderivatives.Italsoprovidesahostofotherservicestocapital

    marketparticipantsincludingriskmanagement,clearing,settlement,marketdata

    servicesandtraining.Ithasaglobalreachwithcustomersaroundtheworldanda

    nation-widepresence.BSEsystemsandprocessesaredesignedtosafeguard

    marketintegrity,supportthegrowthofthemarketinIndia,andstimulateinnovation

    andcompetitionacrossallmarketsegments.

    Aboutthesponsors

    3

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    in.kpmg.com

    KPMG in India

    Mumbai

    KPMG House, Kamala Mills Compound

    448, Senapati Bapat Marg,Lower Parel, Mumbai 400 013

    Tel: +91 22 3989 6000

    Fax: +91 22 3983 6000

    Delhi

    Building No. 10, 8th Floor

    Tower B, DLF Cyber City

    Phase ll, Gurgaon

    Haryana 122 002

    Tel: +91 0124 307 4000

    Fax: +91 0124 307 4300

    Pune

    703, Godrej Castlemaine

    Bund Garden

    Pune - 411 001

    Tel: +91 20 3058 5764/65

    Fax: +91 20 3058 5775

    Bangalore

    Maruthi Info-Tech Centre

    11-12/1, Inner Ring Road

    Koramangala, Bangalore 560 071

    Tel: +91 80 3980 6000

    Fax: +91 80 3980 6999

    ChennaiNo.10, Mahatma Gandhi Road

    Nungambakkam

    Chennai - 600034

    Tel: +91 44 3914 5000

    Fax: +91 44 3914 5999

    Hyderabad

    8-2-618/2

    Reliance Humsafar, 4th FloorRoad No.11, Banjara Hills

    Hyderabad - 500 034

    Tel: +91 40 3046 5000

    Fax: +91 40 3046 5299

    Kolkata

    Infinity Benchmark, Plot No. G-1

    10th Floor, Block EP & GP, Sector V

    Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700 091

    Tel: +91 33 44034000

    Fax: +91 33 44034199

    Kochi

    4/F, Palal Towers

    M. G. Road, Ravipuram,

    Kochi 682 016

    Tel: +91 484 309 4120

    Fax: +91 484 309 4121

    KPMG Contacts

    Neville M. Dumasia

    Executive Director and

    Head - Governance, Risk and Compliance ServicTel: +91 22 3983 6402

    e-Mail: [email protected]

    Romal Shetty

    Executive Director

    Governance, Risk and Compliance Services

    Tel: +91 80 3065 4100

    e-Mail: [email protected]

    Raman Sobti

    Executive Director

    Governance, Risk and Compliance Services

    Tel: +91 124 407 3801

    e-Mail: [email protected]

    Raajeev Batra

    Executive Director

    Governance, Risk and Compliance Services

    Tel: +91 22 3983 6404

    e-Mail: [email protected]