> Q, X (

. jI- ,- k~ - ,-,

--

I

6 Septemnber 1974Vol. 185. No. 4154

^ ;&:ign +t.*:t-fstS ,+tais wi t t s

t;; .SA: .' iv '0 "S ^ of0aSiS'Si.} ,F :, Rv 0 ........ 0 , * , filo , ,, b.... Ax6'. ' Z 9 ' 4

Start aquiet revolution

iburn on a Beckman J-IIB CentrifugeThe new Beckman J-21B refrigeratedcentrifuge is quieting down a lot of labs.We've thoroughly sound-dampened it andvibration-isolated the drive so there's nowhine and very little noise.But quiet is only one advantage of theJ-21B. It has an automatic vacuum sys-tem that reduces wind friction and ahigh-torque dc drive that gets rotors tospeed fast. The advantage: you save con-siderable time and often can completeseveral more runs per day.And J-21B rotors do more. For example,

the JCF-Z rotor permits separations bycontinuous flow, zonal and reorientinggradient techniques-all in one rotorbody with interchangeable cores.You can start a quiet (and more efficient)revolution in your lab by buying a J-21B.Send for Brochure SB-366 to BeckmanInstruments, Inc.,Spinco Division,1117 CaliforniaAvenue, PaloAlto, Califor-nia 94304.

INSTRUMENTS, INC.

diiIdull dull dull dull dulldulliduli

Dullness is in the eye of the beholder. Soon he is soundasleep. Too bad, because it was an interesting subject. Un-fortunate. Unfair.To get even, you do it to others. Mumbling becomes a

way of life. Mumble or be deemed flamboyant.Flamboyance is to be shunned. Only content matters.Most institutional environments now shelter departments

that are in the business of packaging information for effec-tive transmission across the mind/mind barrier. They knowwhat will or won't work as a slide.

Fie upon them. Just indicate what pages from what note-books, charts, and miscellaneous scraps of old graph paperyou want photographed as slides and tell them to be quickabout it. Tomorrow morning at the latest. Nothing fancy.Only content matters.And so a merciful stupor engulfs all but the one person

in the audience who doesn't face the impossible task of mak-ing anything out of the slides. Having discussed the datathoroughly with the speaker months ago, that person canhardly wait to wake them up by questioning the validity ofthe whole approach.

Perhaps higher education and intellectual enterprise ingeneral might be better served if savants would more oftengo looking down strange corridors for some such sign as:

-| -|TeF4CHlnG

(f'ilms and Slidese ) MATePIALS

Med;cQl 4 IGraphics | *|Q9 13 [

Such signs often lead to people who take as much pride intheir competence as you do in yours.

MEASUREMENUC7OMPUTATION: changing things for the better

Heart Attack: a new testmay help prevent it.

In June 1972, a jet aircraft crashed during take-off for no apparent reason. An autopsy of the 51-year-old pilot revealed the cause: he had suffereda heart attack due to atherosclerosis "so severethat it must have been developing for 30 yearsor more," according to the examining patholo-gist. Yet the pilot's annual cardiograms showedno evidence of cardiovascular disease.

This dramatic case is not exceptional: accord-ing to the American Heart Association, about60 percent of adults with severe cardiovasculardisease have normal "at rest" cardiograms.The problem is not that the conventional elec-

trocardiogram is wrong: the ECG is and has beenfor years an important test of the heart's condi-

I .I I

I . .

tm ......

L 11111-11

B

tion in a resting state. The problem is that theconventional ECG cannot show early signs ofcoronary heart disease-constriction of the coro-nary arteries-that can become a serious hazardwhen heart and blood vessels are stressed anddemands for oxygen-laden blood rise sharply.What is needed, the majority of cardiologists

now agree, is an accurate measure of cardiac per-formance and circulatory response both at restand during exercise. There is also a growing con-sensus that the ECG is most informative whentaken during an exercise routine that calls formaximal effort by the patient.During a typical stress ECG, the physician con-

tinuously monitors heart action while you workout on a treadmill. He gradually increases yourworkload on a schedule that is precisely tailoredto your age and condition.By examining your stress ECG, the cardiologist

can determine the condition of your coronaryarteries. If he detects a depression in a criticalsegment of the cardiogram, he knows yourcoronary arteries are not supplying enough oxy-gen to support your heart muscle during stress;the amount of the depression gives him a sen-sitive measure of the degree of impairment inthe arteries.Many cardiologists agree that, properly admin-

istered, the stress ECG can detect early coronarydisease and even latent stroke dangers. Andstress testing is being used by an increasing num-ber of cardiologists to prescribe specific exercisetherapy for cardiac patients.Aware of the increasing documentation of the

diagnostic and prognostic value of ECG stresstesting, our medical instrumentation specialistshave designed a complete, mobile Exercise ECGSystem to facilitate and optimize the procedurein offices and hospital exercise laboratories. Thenew HP 1525A system includes an automatic3-channel cardiograph that can record a com-plete 12-lead ECG in 10 seconds while the patientis exercising on a treadmill.

This system also incorporates a large, non-fading scope for continuous monitoring. Itsflexible controls allow the cardiologist to keep awaveform on the scope for as long as 40 seconds;to observe PVC and other transient changes andpermanently record them, just by flipping aswitch; and to display a prestress ECG tracewhile continuously comparing it with a currentstress ECG. The system also includes a heartrate meter and a number of valuable optionalfeatures: defibrillator, heart sound/pulse waveamplifier for noninvasive systolic time intervalstudies, and pushbutton selection of Frank leadsor any three of the 12 classical leads for simul-taneous display and recording.

HP pocket-sized calculatorsgive you answers you can trust.(Why we chose to be different.)Most pocket-sized calculators have an = key,

and you can pick up one you've never seen be-fore and solve a simple equation by enteringvalues the way they're written and pressing = tosee your answer.

Pick up one of our pocket-sized machines andyou'll hunt in vain for the = key. Instead you'llsee one that says ENTER and you'll wonder whatto do with it.To find out, you'll have to look in the Operating

Manual. When you do, you may think, "Whydid they go this route when they could have keptit simple?"

But as you work the examples in the manualand practice with your own problems, you'llfind yourself thinking, "This is very easy, andI'm getting answers I can really trust."

Easy because you always enter your data thesame way-from left to right, the way you readan equation, but without having to keep trackof parentheses and brackets.

Trust because you see the result of each inter-mediate calculation displayed as you perform it,and you can check your progress and correcterrors as you go. You can also go back and reviewstored numbers at any time.When we started out to design a small, power-

ful scientific calculator several years ago, weassumed it would have an = key. It did, in thebreadboard stage.

But along the way from breadboard to proto-type, our designers realized that there was a bet-ter method which got around some of the severelimitations inherent in the "algebraic" approach.These limitations start showing up as problems

get more complicated and you have to spend a lot

HEWLETT PACKARD

Sales and service from 172 offices in 65 countries.Palo Alto California 94304

of time figuring out how to put them into an al-gebraic calculator. "A plus B times C minus Ddivided by E equals" won't do it.You find you must write down intermediate

answers to re-enter later. You may work yourway through a long equation and see an answeryou know is wrong. Where did you goof?Or you may get a wrong answer and think it's

right. Disaster.Our non-algebraic approach not only makes it

unnecessary for you to write and re-enter inter-mediate results, but gives you the continuousfeedback you need to avoid ending up with awrong answer.

It's an approach we first adapted and appliedsome years ago, using an unambiguous, paren-theses-free language developed by the Polishmathematician Jan Lukasiewicz.

Before you invest in a pocket-sized calculator,you should look beyond its ability to solve simpleproblems in the most obvious way. To under-stand more fully the difference between ourapproach and the algebraic one, return the cou-pon for a copy of the booklet ENTER VS. =. You oweit to yourself to read it. We will also send youinformation on our pocket-sized calculators:the HP-35 electronic slide rule ($225*), the HP-45advanced scientific calculator ($325*), the HP-65programmable computer calculator ($795*), theHP-70 business calculator ($275*), and the HP-80financial calculator ($395*).

For more information on these productswrite to us. Hewlett-Packard, 1507 Page MillRoad, Palo Alto, California 94304.

*Domestic USA prices only. 00433

Mail to: Hewlett-Packard, 1507 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304* Please send me information on:

HP 1525A Exerdse ECG SystemPlease send me ENTER VS. = booklet.

Name Title_

CompanyAddress

City State Zip..00*

Unless you scrutinized our catalog pretty carefully, you'd never know that whenwe're analyzing our labeled compounds for impurities we run two radio-chromatograms, not just one. For the second scan we dilute the compound 1: 1 00,then compare this to the elevated areas of the base line. By this method we candetermine with greater accuracythe percentage of impurities-typicallytowithin 0.5%.

The small extra step in our quality control system increases yourassurance of a better product, and it's one of the many reasons why peoplechoose New England Nuclear.

Itste lle tingstat count.

,> New England Nuclear575 Albany Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02118Customer Service 617-482-9595

Canada: NEN Canada Ltd., Dorval, Quebec, H9P-1 B3, Tel: (514) 6364971, Telex: 05-821808Europe: NEN Chemicals GmbH, D6072 Dreieichenhain, Siemensstrasse 1, W. Germany. Tel: Langen (06103) 85035

I

Simulate(' CRT (1isplay.

Polaroids instant negative pack film can back upalmost any professional photographic instrument you now use.Whether you make photomicrographs, CRT

recordings or just quick photos for recordpurposes, Polaroid's Type 105 Land film will backup your equipment with a Kind of flexibility you'venever had before.With Type 105 you get an instant photograph

with superb tonal gradation and sharp detail,ready for immediate use. And you also get aninstant professional-quality negative.Without a trip to the darkroom.After a simple clearing and washing of the

negative, you can make as many copies andenlargements as you need.Type 105 comes in a 3Y' x 4/ inch film pacK

that fits any instrument or camera that accepts aPolaroid pack film back. And with our Model 405pack film holder our film can be used with most4 x 5 inch cameras and instruments. In addition,pack film is economical and easy to use. Andsince it develops outside the camera, you don'thave to waste time between shots. Speed is aconvenient 75 ASA.

With our 105 you know what you've got whenyou've got it. And thanks to the instant negative,you can get as many copies and enlargements asyou want when you want them.See your photo dealer for more details.

Polaroidl\pe 105 positive/negative film.

Polaroid'

Here are a few problems Olivetti is readyto solve for you on its newest, fastest, mostpowerful P-652 microcomputer.

How many are on your list? Check them off and send to us.------------------ ---------------

r STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE w Moving averages w Slope-ratio assays 1AND REGRESSION ANALYSIS: ] Smoothing wC Log it, NED, or Probit |

* Trend analysis (Quadratic, transformationsCRegressioncoefficients Exponential, Logistic, |i Variance-weighted We havewith standard errors Gompertz, etc.) Radioimmunoassay systems

F-CPaired data analysis with ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE: data reduction {for mostI transformations and RIA kit data major *

confidence limits Li One-way ANOVA reduction protocols.Oi Multiple linear regression Li Two-way ANOVA We have a

I E Polynomial regression Li Three-way ANOVA wide |OTHErangI Li Stepwise linear regression Oi Analysis of of models.

*O Multiple correlation coefficients Covariance J U* Partial correlation coefficients I LatinSquare _ I

I CF-statistic with significance levels ][Factorial designni t-statistic with significance levels Li Nested (hierarchical) design

* O Confidence limits on statistics Li Randomized Block designOi Curve fitting |L Bartlett's Test

I (we have a wide range of models) Li Scheffe's Test I* Li Test for linearity L-i Newman-Keuls Test ARE YOU MAINLY INTERESTED IN:* LiTest for outliers |i Tukey's Test Li Hypothesis testing?

Li Test for normality Li Least significance difference Li Parameter estimating?I n Distribution studies (Poisson, Beta, Li Comparisons among EJ Forecasting?* Binomial, Erlang, Weibull, etc.) class means Li Quality control?

Li Biserial and point biserial BIOSTATISTICS: []DeterminingI correlation coefficients D Quantitative significant variables?I n Contingency tables log-dose (We have WOULD OFF-LINE PROCESSING

D Non-parametric statistics responseb single OF DATA FROM ANALYTIC(and parallel OFDTFRMALYII

E] Moments and statistics of Li Quantal log-dose \ line assays. INSTRUMENTS BE IMPORTANT?I frequency distributions response ' ] Yes OI No

IOlivetti Corporation of America, 500 Park Avenue, New York City 10022* Attn: Microcomputer Systems

I've checked what I need. Please send me the specifics.IEI'm already using an Olivetti P-101 or P-602

I NAME TITLE

I COMPANY ADDRESS__

I CITY STATE ZIP PHONE s-9

*------------------- --------------This, without a doubt, is the ultimate system forstatistical analysis on a small data base. It utilizesthe newest, most advanced hardware-Olivetti's P-652microcomputer (fifty times faster than our P-1 01, __L___________the famousstatistical desk top computer used in =labs and schools all over the world). And a comprehensivelibrary of detailed, documented software offeringall sorts of options for different running modes withspecial emphasis on error correction procedures.Take a look, there's nothing like it on the market.And, of course, it's backed by that famed reliableOlivetti service. Want to know more?Send the coupon.

OLIVETTI CORPORATION OF AMERICA, 500 PARK AVE., NEW YORK CITY 10022

western Electrico

Reports: o

Laser drilling.ceswe dOit c

with mirrors.t

Thin-film circuit boards in high capacity ~cc telephone transmission systems often

requ ire hundreds of connections to Spower and ground onrces. rr

Plated through-holes have proven antefficient way to make these connections. Coated Swith conducting material, they connect the b -circuitry carried on one side of a ceramic substrate 5with power and ground on the other side.

These holes could be punched in theceramic before it is fired. But shrinkageduring firing can move the positions of the holes.

And because of component density, theprecise placement of each hole is critical. FOCUSEDIt can't be more than two mils off. LASER

Engineers at Western Electric's Merrimack AIR BEAMValley Works in Massachusetts recently FLOWdeveloped a high-speed method of drillingthese holes after firing by using aconventional C02 laser.

A complex of mirrors on an x-ypositioning table is shifted to play the laserbeam across a stationary ceramic substratein a predetermined pattern. The mirrors directthe beam from the laser head enclosure to thepositioning table and manipulate it in thex-y axes. An optical drilling head coupledto the table focuses the beam onto theceramic. The system is controlled by a minicomputer coupled with an automaticsend-receive terminal. Pattern storageon a cassette tape allows easychangeover and storage.

Benefit: Laser dril ing of ceramic Laser drilledsubstrates after firing has greatly through-holes

supply powerimproved positioning accuracy of and groundto active devicesplated through-holes. And computer on completed

controlled laserdrilling has hybrid integrateddoubled the production rate over circuitconventional laser systemse-up to five holes a second inclosely spaced patterns.

P- LASER

x-YPOSITIONING

TABLE

X-y positioning tableis isolated from work

area and kept underpositive pressuretoavoidcontaminationby abrasiveceramic waste.

OPTICALDRILLING HEAD

Western ElectricWe make things that bring people closer.