INTERNATIONALISATION OF COLOMBIAN CONFLICT

Why geopolitics and Colombian conflict?

The origin of the conflict

What’s internationalization?

How did it happen?

Foreign actors

The future

WHY GEOPOLITICS?

Before it was a taboo Second World War Cold War

Internal conflicts Territorial tensions,

political actors, delimitated or non delimitated territories

Renaissance of geopolitics Middle east Former Yugoslavia The Soviet Union fall Ethnic conflicts in Africa Latin america?

The end of ideologies? The cuban revolution

decadence?

WHY DOES COLOMBIAN CONFLICT MATTER?

One of the oldest internal armed conflicts in the world

Consequences in the country neighbors

One of the less common conflicts in the post Cold War.

COLOMBIAN CONFLICT CAUSES

• Jorge Eliecer Gaitan murder - 1948 – Popular leader

• National Front establishment 1957

• Marquetalia offensive -1964– FARC creation

(Colombian Army Revolutionary Forces)

• Impossibility to reform the political system from below

• Elitist system excluding political alternatives

• Impossibility to entail the land reform

THE PEACE PROCESS AND ITS FAILURE • Union Patriotica (UP)

party foundation • Truce between

Colombian state and the FARC.

• Offensive against the FARC

• Political genocide against the UP?

INTERNATIONALIZATION

What’s internationalisation of an internal armed conflict? External actors International law Diplomacy

• Ernesto Samper administration (1994-1998)– Signature of 1949 Geneve

Conventions and the 1997 Second Protocol.

– Establishment of an agency of United Nations High Commision for Human Rights.

– Agreements with International Red Cross.

Andrés Pastrana administration (1998-2002) Plan Colombia (United

States) Peace talkings with the

support of International Community

Delimitarisation zone in the south

FOREIGN ACTORS

United Nations United Nations High Commision for Human

Rights General Secretary

Unites States President US Congress Think tanks

Ecuador Political and territorial tensions

Cuba Alternative for peace dialogue

Venezuela Bolivarian revolution

THE FUTURE

An internationalized conflict that becomes international?

Which borders for the Colombian conflict? Evolution in the relationship between internal

and external geopolitics field