INFLUENCE OF HYDROCARBON SPILLS IN ABRASION RESISTANCE LOSS OF POROUS

ASPHALT PAVEMENTSJorge Rodriguez-Hernandez , Valerio C. Andrés-Valeri , Miguel A. Calzada-Pérez ,

Ángel Vega-Zamanillo, Daniel Castro-Fresno and Daniel Jato-Espino

SUDSnet INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 20153rd – 4th September, Coventry (UK)

BIA2012-32463

INTRODUCTION

SUDSnet International Conference 2015 2/11

BACKROUND

PERMEABLE PAVEMENTS POROUS ASPHALT (PA)AGGREGATES

BITUMINOUS BINDER

INFILTRATED WATER

FUEL AND OIL SPILLS MECHANICAL DAMAGES: RAVELING

Hydrocarbons and other organic compounds

INTRODUCTION

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OBJECTIVES

THE MAIN RESEARCH OBJECTIVES WERE:

-ANALYZE THE ABRASION RESISTANCE LOSS OF POROUS ASPHALTS WHEN AFFECTED BY HYDROCARBON SPILLS.

-ASSESS THE SUITABILITY OF DIFFERENT BITUMINOUS BINDERS FOR RESISTING HYDROCARBON SPILLS IN POROUS ASPHALT PAVEMENTS.

-ANALYZE THE INFLUENCE OF THE VOID RATIO AND PERMEABILITY IN THE ABRASION LOSSES OF POROUS ASPHALT

METHODOLOGY

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MATERIALS

TEST SAMPLES: 195 MARSHALL SAMPLES COMPACTION: 50 BLOWS PER SIDEAGGREGATE TYPE: OPHITIC AGGREGATESAGGREGATE GRADATION: 0-12MMFILLER TYPE: ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENTFILLER CONTENT: 4% (BY MASS OF AGGREGATES)BITUMEN CONTENT: 4,5% (BY MASS OF AGGREGATES)

BITUMEN TYPES: CONVENTIONAL BITUMINOUS BINDER (CBB)POLYMER MODIFIED BITUMINOUS BINDER (PMBB)FUEL RESISTANT BITUMINOUS BINDER (FRBB)

Properties Unit Standard BinderCBB PMBB FRBB

Original Penetration (25ºC; 100g; 5s) 0.1mm EN 1426 60-70 45-80 35-50Retained Penetration %o.p EN 1426 >50 >60 >65

Softening Point (Ring and ball) ºC EN 1427 46-54 >60 >85Softening Point Variation ºC EN 1427 <9 <10 <5

Fraas Breaking Point ºC EN 12593 <-8 <-12 <-13Mass Variation % EN 12607-1 <0.5 <1 <0.3

METHODOLOGY

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METHODS

- TOTAL VOID RATIO was measured by geometrical-gravimetrical method.

- Vertical PERMEABILITY was measured with a falling head permeameter.

- The ABRASION RESISTANCE was measured through the Cantabro Test (EN 12697-17):

UPPER MARK

METHACRYLATE CYLINDER

LOWER MARK

POROUS ASPHALT SPECIMENIMPERVIOUS BONDING PLATE

SUPPORT

Conditioned Marshall samples (at 20˚c for 24h), were weighted, placed into the Los Angeles drum and tested for 10 minutes. After that the samples were already weighted and the material losses calculated.

METHODOLOGY

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METHODS

SEMI-IMMERSION TEST

Used for assessing the aging effect of different types of hydrocarbons in porous asphalt samples (based on: EN 12697-43).

·Treatments: Gasoline, Diesel, Used motor oil.·Control treatments: Distilled water, air conditioned (20°c).·Total Hydrocarbon: 1356 mg (4 x 339mg)·Total water: 800 ml (4 x 200ml)

-Groups of 3 Marshall Samples are placed in separated plastic buckets, applying each treatment to one group of each bituminous binder.

-Hydrocarbons first, and Distilled water later, are poured over the samples 4 times in two days. After that the samples are left for three days submerged in the drained water and hydrocarbons.

METHODOLOGY

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METHODS

DRIPPING AND RUNOFF TEST

Used for assessing the aging effect of the drop-by-drop oil leakages.

·Treatments: Used motor oil (271, 814, 1356, 1899 and 2441 mg), ·Control treatments: Distilled water, air conditioned (20°c).·Total water: 800 ml

-The samples are placed in individual plastic bucket that lets them drain from the bottom.

-Each treatment is applied to groups of 12 Marshall Samples of the different bituminous binders.

-Hydrocarbons were poured over the samples and a 7-day-dripping of distilled water was further applied. This process is repeated up to four times.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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HYDROCARBON SPILL: 1356 MG

HYDROCARBON SPILLS

SEMI-IMMERSION TEST

N=3

N=3

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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HYDROCARBON SPILLS

DRIPPING AND RUNOFF TEST

N=12

FACTORIAL ANOVA: -BINDER TYPE (SIG<0,01)-TREATMENT (SIG<0,01)-BINDER TYPE AND TREATMENT (SIG<0,05)

TUKEY HSD: GROUPS (SIG<0,05): (1) CBB, FRBB (2) PMBB

N=12

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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AIR VOIDS AND PERMEABILITY

USED MOTOR OIL+

DISTILLED WATER (1356 MG + 800

ML)

DISTILLED WATER(800 ML)

CONCLUSIONS

11/11SUDSnet International Conference 2015

• Hydrocarbon spills reduce the mechanical strength of PA mixtures, increasing the abrasion losses of the material. Diesel fuels produced the highest abrasion losses for all the tested bituminous binders.

• PMB mixtures showed the highest abrasion resistance in all cases, showing similar abrasion losses for all the tested hydrocarbons and being not affected by the tested variation in oil spill loads.

• FRB mixtures showed the highest abrasion losses, for all the tested hydrocarbons and for the different oil spill loads.

• Damages produced by diesel fuels or oil spills of 1356 mg reduced importantly the abrasion resistance in CB and FRB mixtures, reaching average abrasion losses higher than the required values.

• Void ratio and permeability are well correlated with the abrasion losses in all cases. Oil spills increase the influences of air voids in abrasion resistance for all the tested binders.

Valerio C. Andrés-Valeriandresv@unican.es

BIA2012-32463

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

SUDSnet INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 20153rd – 4th September, Coventry (UK)