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8/18/12 Hyper‑V Overview
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Note
Role and technology description
HyperV OverviewPublished: February 29, 2012
Updated: March 14, 2012
Applies To: Windows Server 2012
This topic describes the HyperV role in Windows Server® 2012 practical uses for the role, the mostsignificant new or updated functionality in this version compared to previous versions of HyperV,hardware requirements, and a list of operating systems (known as guest operating systems) supportedfor use in a HyperV virtual machine.
Did you mean…
Client HyperV1
Virtual Machine Manager Release Candidate2
What's New in HyperV3
Overview of HyperV (Windows Server 2008 R2)4
The HyperV role enables you to create and manage a virtualized computing environment by usingvirtualization technology that is built in to Windows Server 2012. Installing the HyperV role installsthe required components and optionally installs management tools. The required components includeWindows hypervisor, HyperV Virtual Machine Management Service, the virtualization WMI provider,and other virtualization components such as the virtual machine bus (VMbus), virtualization serviceprovider (VSP) and virtual infrastructure driver (VID).
The management tools for the HyperV role consist of:
GUIbased management tools: HyperV Manager, a Microsoft Management Console (MMC)snapin, and Virtual Machine Connection, which provides access to the video output of a virtualmachine so you can interact with the virtual machine.
HyperVspecific cmdlets for Windows PowerShell. Windows Server 2012 includes a HyperVmodule, which provides commandline access to all the functionality available in the GUI, aswell functionality not available through the GUI. For more information about the HyperVmodule, see HyperV Module for Windows PowerShell5.
If you use Server Manager to install the HyperV role, the management tools are included unlessyou specifically exclude them. If you use Windows PowerShell to install the HyperV role, themanagement tools are not included by default. To install the tools, use the parameter –IncludeManagementTools. For instructions about installing the HyperV role, see Install the HyperVRole and Configure a Virtual Machine6.
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Practical applications
New and changed functionality
HyperV management tools in Windows Server 2012 are designed to manage this version ofHyperV only. The tools cannot be used to manage earlier versions of HyperV.
The HyperV technology virtualizes hardware to provide an environment in which you can runmultiple operating systems at the same time on one physical computer. HyperV enables you tocreate and manage virtual machines and their resources. Each virtual machine is an isolated,virtualized computer system that can run its own operating system. The operating system that runswithin a virtual machine is called a guest operating system.
For more information about the architecture of HyperV, see the Windows Server 2012 HyperVComponent Architecture Poster7.
HyperV provides infrastructure so you can virtualize applications and workloads to support a varietyof business goals aimed at improving efficiency and reducing costs, such as:
Establish or expand a private cloud environment. HyperV can help you move to or expand useof shared resources and adjust utilization as demand changes, to provide more flexible, ondemand IT services.
Increase hardware utilization. By consolidating servers and workloads onto fewer, morepowerful physical computers, you can reduce consumption of resources such as power andphysical space.
Improve business continuity. HyperV can help you minimize the impact of both scheduled andunscheduled downtime of your workloads.
Establish or expand a virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI). A centralized desktop strategy withVDI can help you increase business agility and data security, as well as simplify regulatorycompliance and management of the desktop operating system and applications. Deploy HyperV and Remote Desktop Virtualization Host (RD Virtualization Host) on the same physicalcomputer to make personal virtual desktops or virtual desktop pools available to your users.
Increase efficiency in development and test activities. You can use virtual machines toreproduce different computing environments without the need for acquiring or maintaining allthe hardware you would otherwise need.
HyperV in Windows Server 2012 includes improvements in many areas. The following table lists themost significant functionality changes in this version of HyperV. For more details about thesechanges, as well as additional changes in functionality that are not listed here, see What's New inHyperV3.
Feature/functionalityNew orupdated Summary
Client HyperV (HyperV in Windows® 8 Pro)
New Create and run HyperV virtual machines using a Windows desktopoperating system.
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Hardware requirements
Software requirements (for supported guest operating systems)
HyperV module forWindows PowerShell
New Use Windows PowerShell cmdlets to create and manage yourHyperV environment.
HyperV Replica New Replicate virtual machines between storage systems, clusters, anddata centers to provide business continuity and disaster recovery.
Live migration UpdatedPerform live migrations on nonclustered as well as clusteredvirtual machines, and perform more than one live migration at thesame time.
Significantly increasedscale and improvedresiliency
Updated
Use significantly larger compute and storage resources than waspreviously possible. Improved handling of hardware errorsincreases the resiliency and stability of the virtualizationenvironment.
Storage migration New Move the virtual hard disks of running virtual machines to differentstorage locations without downtime.
Virtual Fibre Channel New Connect to Fibre Channel storage from within a guest operatingsystem.
Virtual hard diskformat
Updated Create stable, highperformance virtual hard disks up to 64terabytes.
Virtual switch UpdatedNew capabilities such as network virtualization, support for multitenancy, and extensions that Microsoft partners can provide to addfunctionality for monitoring, forwarding, and filtering packets.
HyperV requires a 64bit processor that includes the following:
Hardwareassisted virtualization. This is available in processors that include a virtualizationoption—specifically processors with Intel Virtualization Technology (Intel VT) or AMDVirtualization (AMDV) technology.
Hardwareenforced Data Execution Prevention (DEP) must be available and enabled.Specifically, you must enable Intel XD bit (execute disable bit) or AMD NX bit (no execute bit).
HyperV includes a software package for supported guest operating systems that improvesintegration between the physical computer and the virtual machine. This package is referred to asintegration services. In general, you install this package in the guest operating system as a separate
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procedure after you set up the operating system in the virtual machine. However, some operatingsystems have the integration systems builtin and do not require a separate installation. Forinstruction on installing integration services, see Install the HyperV Role and Configure a VirtualMachine6.
The following table lists the operating systems supported in Windows Server 2012 for use as guestoperating systems in HyperV virtual machines, as well as provides information about integrationservices.
Guest operatingsystem (server) Notes
Windows Server 2012 Integration services do not require a separate installation because they arebuiltin.
Windows Server 2008R2 with Service Pack 1(SP 1)
Datacenter, Enterprise, Standard and Web editions. Install the integrationservices after you set up the operating system in the virtual machine.
Windows Server 2008R2
Datacenter, Enterprise, Standard and Web editions. Upgrade the integrationservices after you set up the operating system in the virtual machine.
Windows Server 2008with Service Pack 2 (SP2)
Datacenter, Enterprise, Standard and Web editions (32bit and 64bit).Install the integration services after you set up the operating system in thevirtual machine.
Windows Server 2008Datacenter, Enterprise, Standard and Web editions (32bit and 64bit).Install the integration services after you set up the operating system in thevirtual machine.
Windows Home Server2011
Edition information is not applicable. Install the integration services afteryou set up the operating system in the virtual machine.
Windows SmallBusiness Server 2011
Essentials and Standard editions. Install the integration services after youset up the operating system in the virtual machine.
Windows Server 2003R2 with Service Pack 2(SP2)
Standard, Web, Enterprise, and Datacenter editions (32bit and 64bit).Install the integration services after you set up the operating system in thevirtual machine.
Windows Server 2003with Service Pack 2
Standard, Web, Enterprise, and Datacenter editions (32bit and 64bit).Install the integration services after you set up the operating system in thevirtual machine.
CentOS 6.0 – 6.2 Download and install Linux Integration Services v3.28.
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See also
Red Hat EnterpriseLinux 6.0 –6.2 Download and install Linux Integration Services v3.28.
SUSE Linux EnterpriseServer 11 SP2
Integration services do not require a separate installation because they arebuiltin.
Guest operatingsystem (client) Notes
Windows 8 Integration services do not require a separate installation because they arebuiltin.
Windows 7 with ServicePack 1 (SP 1)
Ultimate and Enterprise editions (32bit and 64bit). Upgrade theintegration services after you set up the operating system in the virtualmachine.
Windows 7Ultimate and Enterprise editions (32bit and 64bit). Upgrade theintegration services after you set up the operating system in the virtualmachine.
Windows Vista withService Pack 2 (SP2)
Business, Enterprise, and Ultimate, including N and KN editions. Install theintegration services after you set up the operating system in the virtualmachine.
Windows XP withService Pack 3 (SP3)
Professional. Install the integration services after you set up the operatingsystem in the virtual machine.
Windows XP x64 Editionwith Service Pack 2 (SP2)
Professional. Install the integration services after you set up the operatingsystem in the virtual machine.
The following table provides links to related articles and technologies.
Content type References
Productevaluation
Understand and Troubleshoot HyperV Replica in Windows Server "8"9 | BuildingYour Cloud Infrastructure: Scenario Overview10 | Increasing Server, Storage, andNetwork Availability: Scenario Overview11 | Introduction to Active DirectoryDomain Services (AD DS) Virtualization (Level 100)12 | Competitive Advantagesof Windows Server 2012 RC HyperV13 | HyperV Comparison Guide14
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Troubleshooting Understand and Troubleshoot HyperV Replica in Windows Server "8"9
Tools andsettings HyperV Module for Windows PowerShell5
Communityresources
Ben Armstrong’s Virtual PC Guy's WebLog15 | HyperV Portal on the TechNetWiki16
Relatedtechnologies
Failover Clustering Overview17 | File and Storage Services Overview18 | RemoteDesktop Services Overview19
Links Table1http://technet.microsoft.com/library/hh857623.aspx
2http://technet.microsoft.com/library/gg610610.aspx
3http://technet.microsoft.com/enus/library/hh831410
4http://technet.microsoft.com/library/cc816638(WS.10).aspx
5http://technet.microsoft.com/enus/library/hh846767
6http://technet.microsoft.com/enus/library/hh846766
7http://www.microsoft.com/download/details.aspx?id=29189
8http://www.microsoft.com/download/details.aspx?id=28188
9http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?LinkId=237258
10http://technet.microsoft.com/enus/library/hh831441
11http://technet.microsoft.com/enus/library/hh831437
12http://technet.microsoft.com/enus/library/hh831734
13http://download.microsoft.com/download/5/A/0/5A0AAE2EEB204E20829D131A768717D2/Competitive%20Advantages%20of%20Windows%20Server%202012%20RC%20HyperV%20over%20VMware%20vSphere%205%200%20V1%200.pdf
14http://download.microsoft.com/download/2/C/A/2CA3836237ED411286A8FDF14D5D4C9B/WS%202012%20Feature%20Comparison_HyperV.pdf
15http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?LinkID=117535
16http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?LinkId=202024
17http://technet.microsoft.com/enus/library/hh831579
18http://technet.microsoft.com/enus/library/hh831487
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© 2012 Microsoft. All rights reserved.
19http://technet.microsoft.com/enus/library/hh831447
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