Upload
balhimanshu09
View
129
Download
1
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
SEMINAR ON HYBRID VEHICLES
PRESENTED BY:
Swaraj Kumar Behera
Reg.1101298357
Guided by
Ashutosh Swain
High fuel efficiency.
Decreased emissions.
No need of fossil fuels.
Less overall vehicle weight.
Regenerative braking can be used.
Toyota Prius Honda Insight Honda Civic(hybrid
ThermalManagement
systemHybridPower unit Traction
motor
EnergyStorage
unit
Accessories
Fuel tank Body chassisEnergy management& system control
HEVs will contain a mix of aluminum, steel, plastic, magnesium, and composites (typically a strong,
lightweight material composed of fibers in a binding matrix, such as
fiberglass).
Ultra capacitors are higher specific energy and power
versions of electrolytic capacitors devices that store
energy as an electrostatic charge.
Lead acid batteries, used currently in many electric
vehicles, are potentially usable in hybrid applications. Lead acid batteries can be designed to be
high power and are inexpensive, safe, and reliable.
Flywheels store kinetic energy within a rapidly spinning wheel-like rotor or disk.
Ultimately, flywheels could store amounts of energy comparable to
batteries. They contain no acids or other potentially hazardous materials.
Flywheels are not affected by temperature extremes, as most batteries
are.
Fuel cells offer highly efficient and fuel-flexible power systems with low to zero emissions for future
HEV designs. There are a variety of thermal issues to be addressed in the development and application
of fuel cells for hybrid vehicles.
Spark ignition engine mixes fuel and air in a pre-chamber.
Throttle and heat losses, which occur as the fuel
mixture travels from pre-chamber into the combustion
chamber.
A Compression Ignition engine achieves combustion through compression without use of
sparkplug. It becomes CIDI engine when it is enhanced with direct
injection.
Motors are the "work horses" of HEV drive systems. In an HEV, an electric traction motor converts electrical energy from the energy
storage unit to mechanical energy that drives the wheels of the vehicle. Unlike a traditional vehicle, where the engine must "ramp up" before full torque can be provided, an electric motor provides
full torque at low speeds. This characteristic gives the vehicle excellent "off the line" acceleration.
As emissions standards tighten and exhaust control technologies
improve, the issue of evaporative emissions becomes increasingly
important. Thermal management of fuel tanks is one approach to
reducing these emissions.
60% to 80% of amiss ions in an autos typical driving cycle comes from cold start emissions, that is, pollutants that are emitted before
the catalytic converter is hot enough to begin catalyzing combustion
products.
Heat recovered from any of the above sources can be used in a variety of ways.
For winter driving, heat recovery from HEV sources such as the power unit
exhaust, propulsion motors, batteries, and power inverter can significantly
improve cabin warm-up.
HEVs are now at the forefront of transportation technology development. Hybrids have the potential to allow continued growth in the
automotive sector, while also reducing critical resource consumption, dependence on foreign oil,
air pollution, and traffic congestion.