Human Reproduction

Human Reproduction•At _________, the reproductive organs in

females and males begin to produce ___________ and become capable of reproduction.

puberty

hormones

Human Reproduction• In females at puberty, the _________

begin to produce egg cells, and the uterus becomes capable of carrying a developing fetus. In males, the _________ produce sperm, and the prostate and related glands produce semen.

ovaries

testes

• ____________ are chemical substances that help to regulate processes in the body. Hormones are let out by glands and travel to their target organs in the ______________. Several hormones are involved in the female menstrual cycle.

Hormones

bloodstream

Puberty• Puberty is the process of physical changes

when a child's body matures into an adult body capable of sexual reproduction. It is started by hormonal signals from the brain to the reproductive organs.

Puberty in Males

• Early to mid teens

• The testes begin to produce sperm

• Once sperm production begins, males generally produce them daily for the rest of their lives.

Puberty in Males

• ____________________ (male hormone)

• Produced in ___________

• Directs development of secondary sexual characteristics

• Ex: deep voice, body and facial hair, broad shoulders, acne

Testosteronetestes

urethra

penis

•Testes•Produce sperm by meiosis and release hormones. Sperm made in tiny tubes called seminiferous tubules. 350-500 million/day.

• Seminiferous Tubules

(in testes)• Tiny tubes in testes thatproduce sperm • 350-500 million/day

•Scrotum• Protects the testes, maintaining them at

a cooler temperature than the body.

•Epididymis • Sperm matures and is stored• (Up to 6 weeks)

•Vas Deferens• Transports sperm from epididymis to

urethra

• Prostate gland• Produces semen• Helps sperm

move, contains nutrients and sugarsthat provide energy to sperm

•Urethra• Transports sperm and urine through the

penis

•Penis•Delivers sperm and excrete urine

V• Unicellular• Head carries nucleus

with genetic material of the male

• Tail (flagellum) helps the sperm _______swim

Puberty in Females•Occurs between the ages of 8-13

•__________ tells ovaries to start

releasing eggs (one per month)Hormones

Puberty in Females

•Females don’t continue to make new eggs. At birth they have about 1-2 million. By puberty it is down to about 300,000.

Puberty in Females

•________ (female hormone)• Produced in ____________• Directs development of female characteristics • Ex: breast growth, body hair, periods, wide hips

Estrogenovaries

Ovaries

•Produce eggs by meiosis and release hormones.

•Releases one

egg/menstrual

cycle (ovulation)

Oviducts/Fallopian tubes

•Location of fertilization. Connect the ovaries to the uterus.

Uterus

•Protects and nourishes the zygote during development. The zygote develops into the baby.

Cervix

•Sperm travel through this opening on the way to the uterus. Dilates (opens) to allow the baby to leave the body during childbirth.

Vagina• Sperm are deposited here, their first stop

on the way to the egg. Opening through which the baby leaves the body, or through which unfertilized eggs leave the body.