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What is Human Factors
Integration?
How can we demonstrate the
Return on Investment?
Case studiesTraffic Management System
ETCS cab fitment
QUESTIONS AND DISCUSSIONWhat does HF need to
succeed in
engineering
projects?
AGENDA
HF IN SYSTEMS ENGINEERING PROJECTS
‘Ensure ‘user issues’ are considered in a systematic way throughout the design lifecycle.. through correct and timely application of appropriate ergonomic techniques and practices’
Considerable progress over last 10 years
Generally accepted as necessary element of engineering projects
LU and NR standards and guidance have promoted HF
Effective HF integration can be difficult to achieve
Learn from projects to understand how we can move forward
What are the enablers to successful HF integration?
BARRIERS TO HF INTEGRATION
External barriers
No involvement at critical
points in decision making
Status of HF on the project
Lack of cross-discipline
project integration
Poor consideration of end-
user views
BARRIERS TO HF INTEGRATION
Internal barriers
Poor HF Integration Plan
Outputs that fail to influence
MAKE THE BUSINESS CASE FOR HF
Benefits of HF difficult to quantify
– Achieving performance benefit as a result of people and
systems operating effectively
– Eliminating or avoiding the cost of re-design or re-work
ALARM HANDLING STRATEGY
Poor alarm strategy:
• Cost of additional staff = £40K
• Cost of system redesign = £205K
• HF input at redesign = £70K
• Total = £315K
OR
• Alarm strategy = £70K
ROI = (Avoided Expenditure - Cost of Investment)
Cost of Investment
ROI = (£315K - £70K)
£70K
ROI = 3.5 - Would have to spend 3.5 times more to rectify the
design
But also…
Loss of reputation
Time delay
Loss of service performance
MAKING THE BUSINESS CASE FOR HF
WHAT DOES HF NEED TO SUCCEED?
1. Aligned with engineering lifecycle and informed of
operational constraints of the project
Stage 1
Output Definition
Stage 2
Pre-feasibility
Stage 3
Option Selection
Stage 4
Single Option
Development
Stage 5
Detailed Design
Stage 6
Construction,
Testing &
Commissioning
Stage 7
Scheme
Handback
Stage 8
Project Close
Out
Define HF requirements and scope.
Provide input to high level operational
strategy documents
Initial HF
assessment of
designs to inform
selection of
options
Detailed HF assessment incl. workload
analysis, room and workstation
specifications, signalling and telecoms HMI
reviews, alarm assessments and end-user
consultations.
HF advice and
assessment on
installation and
procurement
Provide assurance that HF project
requirements have been addressed and
met
DEMONSTRATING THE BENEFIT
2. Closely integrated with Engineering
3. Closely integrated with Operations
DEMONSTRATING THE BENEFIT
4. Employ a pragmatic approach
5. Deliver tangible outputs that can be readily
transferred into design
6. Demonstrate the Return on Investment
HF IN TRAFFIC
MANAGEMENT
Supported development of ops
concept for roles &
responsibilities
Considering changes from
‘current’ to ‘future’ roles
Usability assessments & HMI
development
Desk layout for testing
http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/signalling/hitachi-wins-thameslink-traffic-management-contract.html
INTEGRATION OF ETCS IN EXISTING TRAIN
CABS RSSB study
ATOC cab design guidance
Support to National Joint Rolling Stock
Programme evaluation of tenders
SYSTEM INTEGRATION CHALLENGES
ETCS DMI and Class B integration
System Reliability
Cab environment
Display technology
Position & reach
Train protection &
safety
CONSIDERATIONS FOR FITMENT
The main issues relating to the fitment of ETCS Driver
Machine Interface (DMI) in rolling stock;
–Design and level of integration of existing Class B
systems within the train cab with the DMI
–Appropriate technology for the DMI screen that
optimises the train cab environment and train driver
performance
–Choice of DMI interface - touch screen or soft key
–Transitions between train control systems or levels –
workload and potential for human error
WHAT SUCCESSFUL HF INTEGRATION
LOOKS LIKE
By applying good practice in HF
integration, projects can deliver systems
that are capable of a high level of safe
and sustainable performance from the
outset. This is of benefit to London
Underground and suppliers because it
maximises the potential for first time
acceptance of delivered systems.
LUL S1217 A2 Integration of HF into Systems Development, May 2013