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8/8/2019 Human Computer Interaction New
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HumanHuman ComputerComputerInteractionInteraction
Prepared By:Mary Grace Garces-TM
Presented to:
Dr. Pedrito R. Pereda
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Communications Using InternetCommunications Using Internet
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Internet ManiaInternet Mania
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FacebookFacebook ManiaMania
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Wrong Conception AboutWrong Conception About
C
omputersC
omputers
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Human Computer InteractionHuman Computer Interaction
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Human Computer InteractionHuman Computer Interaction
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Human,Computer, InterfaceHuman,Computer, Interface
Human
the end-user
the others in theorganization
Computer
hardware
software
Interaction
user tells the computerwhat (s)he wants
computer communicatesresults
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First Time User ofComputerFirst Time User ofComputer
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Human ComputerHuman Computer
InteractionInteraction
y Human-computer interaction is a
discipline concerned with the design,
evaluation and implementation of
interactive computing systems for
human use and with the study ofmajor
phenomena surrounding them.
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Human Computer InteractionHuman Computer Interaction
y Human-computer interaction is the kind
of discipline which is neither the study of
humans, nor the study oftechnology, but
rather the bridging between those two.
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y A successful (intelligent) product is more thanthe development of and the knowledge about
the latest technology.y What other parts contribute to a well designed
product?
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Why HCI is important?Why HCI is important?
y In order to achieve efficient, effectiveand safe products/systems: Productivity (introducing technology
that does not support the work may
cause reduced productivity) Safety (crashed air planes and
nuclear power plant disasters have ledto an understanding why HCI isimportant!)
Computers should be designed for theneeds and capabilities of the people for
whom they are intended!
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More ReasonsMore Reasons
y The interface is not a later problem
y Products and systems cannot be developed
and designed using the developers/designersthemselves as the norm.
y Users might not have a great interest in
technology.
y Users rarely read manuals and instructions
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Importance of Attention to HCIImportance of Attention to HCI
y Poorly designed human-machine
interfaces can lead to many unexpected
problems.
Some errors are minor.
Some incidents are funny
Some cause millions of dollars
Some are tragic.
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What can go wrong?What can go wrong?
y A woman was billed $6.3 million for
electricity; the correct amount was $63.
The cause was an input error made by
someone using a new computer system.
y A woman in Canada could not get her tax
refund because the tax agency insisted
she was dead.Her identification numberhad been mistakenly reported in place of
her mothers when her mother died.
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What can go wrong?What can go wrong?
y A family was harassed, threatened and
physically attacked after their state
posted an online list of offenders
where sex offenders live. The state didnot know the offender have moved
away, before the family moved in.
y A man convicted of statutory rape for
having sex with a 17-year-old girlfriend,
and now married to her for several
years, was in a sex-offender database.
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Abandoned SystemsAbandoned Systems
y The state ofCalifornia spent morethan $100 million to develop one ofthe largest and most expensive state
computer systems in the country: asystem for developing parents whoowe child support payments.
y After five years, the state abandoned
the system because it didnt worky It lost data, miscalculated payments
and couldn't communicate with othergovernment agencies.
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Safety Critical ApplicationsSafety Critical Applications
y THERAC-25 Radiation Overdoses It was a software-controlled radiation-therapy
machine used to treat people with cancer.
Between 1985-1987, Therac-25 machines at four
medical centers gave massive overdoses of radiationto six patients.
In some cases, the operator repeated an overdosebecause the machine s display said that no dose hadbeen given.
Medical personnel later estimated that some patientsreceived between 13,000-25,000 rads,where theintended dose was in the 100-200 rad range.
These incidents caused severe and painful injuries andthe deaths of three patients.
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What went wrong?What went wrong?
y Studies of the Therac-25 incidentsshowed that many factors were involvedin the injuries and deaths. The factors
include: Lapses in good safety design
Insufficient testing
Bugs in the software that controlled the
machines Inadequate system ofreporting and
investigating the accidents.
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Goal ofHCIGoal ofHCI
y A basic goal ofHCI is to improvethe interactions between users andcomputers by making computers
more usable and receptive to the user'sneeds.
y A long term goal ofHCI is to design systemsthat minimize the barrier between the
human's cognitive model of what they wantto accomplish and the computer'sunderstanding of the user's task.
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Key Concept in HCIKey Concept in HCI
Usability
Interaction Design
User Experience
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UsabilityUsability
y Can be broken down into the ff. Effective to use (effectiveness)
Efficient to use (efficiency)
Safe to use (safety) Have good utility (utility)
Easy to learn (learnability)
Easy to remember how to use(memorability)
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Interaction DesignInteraction Design
y Designing interactive products tosupport people in their everyday andworking lives
y Creating user experiences that enhanceand extend the way people work,communicate and interact.
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User ExperienceUser Experience
y Interaction design is also concerned with creatingsystems that are:
Satisfying
Enjoyable
Fun Entertaining
Helpful
Motivating
Aesthetically pleasing Supportive of creativity
Rewarding
Emotionally fulfilling
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Design Principles in HCIDesign Principles in HCI
y Know your user
y Reduce cognitive load
y Engineer for errors
y Maintain consistency
and clarity
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Know Your USERKnow Your USER
y Cognitive and perception psychology
General knowledge about humans
y User analysis
Specific knowledge about a group
y Reasons
Minimize cognitive load
Use resources efficiently (system and user)
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Reduce Cognitive LoadReduce Cognitive Load
y Provide clear conceptual models
Help the user getting a clear mental
model of the system!
x Metaphors (e.g. the desktop
metaphor)
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IconsIcons
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Help MenuHelp Menu
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Engineer for ErrorsEngineer for Errors
y Make it difficult for the user to make
errors
E.g. Menus give the user the possible
alternatives (prevents errors but notmistakes)
y Provide good error messages
Less user frustration
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Menu BarsMenu Bars
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Maintain Consistency and ClarityMaintain Consistency and Clarity
y Standard operations and
representations
y Appropriate metaphors
help building andmaintaining a users
mental model
y Easier for users to learn,recognize and to foresee
what is going to happen
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Inspiring Quotes About DesignInspiring Quotes About Design
y Design should never say, Look at me. It shouldalways say, Look at this.
David Craib
y Its art if it cant be explained.
Its fashion if no one asks for an explanation.Its design if it doesnt need explanation.
Wouter Stokkel
y Dont design for everyone. Its impossible. All you endup doing is designing something that makes everyoneunhappy.
Leisa Reichelt
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To God Be the GloryTo God Be the Glory