GRAPHENETHE MATERIAL OF THE FUTURE,

TODAY NEVADA LITTERELL

WILLIAM RAY

WHAT IS GRAPHENE?

• GRAPHENE: GRAPHENE IS A FULLERENE CONSISTING OF BONDED CARBON ATOMS IN SHEET FORM, 1 ATOM THICK.

• IT CAN COST $60 PER SQUARE IN

• YOU MIGHT RECOGNIZE IT AS THIS

• A SINGLE LAYER OF THIS

IS USED FOR WHEN STACKED

HISTORY

http://bucky-central.me.utexas.edu/RuoffsPDFs/235.pdf

ADVANTAGES MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

• YOUNG’S MODULUS: 1-TPA• A TERAPASCAL IS ROUGHLY EQUIVALENT TO 2,270,156 ELEPHANTS

SIMULTANEOUSLY BALANCING ON A SINGLE SQUARE FOOT OF SURFACE AREA.

• BY ADDING JUST 1% CONCENTRATION OF CARBON NANOTUBES TO CARBON FIBERS, THE MATERIAL STRENGTH INCREASED BY 64%

• ELASTIC STIFFNESS 2ND ORDER: 340 N/M

3RD ORDER: -690 N/M

• BREAKING STRENGTH: 42 N/M

• THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY: 5000 W/MK

• MINIMUM METALLIC CONDUCTIVITY

• BIPOLAR SUPERCONDUCTIVITY

• NATURAL RADAR EVASIVITY

QUANTUM HALL EFFECT

RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY

WHAT IS RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY YOU MIGHT ASK?

• THE RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY INVOLVES EMITTING LIGHT AT A MOLECULE. WHEN THE LIGHT REACTS WITH THE MOLECULE, THE LIGHT FREQUENCY WILL SHIFT AWAY FROM THE WAVELENGTH, WHICH WILL GIVE THE DIFFERENCE IN ENERGY OF THE MOLECULE.

• USING RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY, WE ARE ABLE TO MEASURE THE TEMPERATURE, CHARACTERIZE MATERIALS, AND CHECK OUT THE CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC ORIENTATION OF A SAMPLE.

• GRAPHENE ANODE IN A LITHIUM-ION BATTERY

• ULTRA-CAPACITORS WITH BETTER PERFORMANCE THAN BATTERIES

• COMPONENTS WITH HIGHER STRENGTH-TO-WEIGHT RATIO

• LOW-COST WATER DESALINATION

• MORE EFFICIENT AND LOWER COST SOLAR CELLS

• ELECTRODES W/HIGHER SURFACE AREA AND LOWER RESISTANCE

• SENSORS TO DIAGNOSE DISEASES

• CHEMICAL SENSORS EFFECTIVE AT DETECTING EXPLOSIVES

• MEMBRANES MORE EFFECTIVE AT SEPARATION OF GASES (NANOSCALE PORES)

• TRANSISTORS THAT OPERATE AT HIGH FREQUENCY

• STORING HYDROGEN FOR FUEL CELL-POWERED CARS

• OPTICAL LENSES

MODERN USES FOR GRAPHENE

http://batman.wikia.com/wiki/File:Batmanbegins.jpg

http://www.ipo.gov.uk/informatics-graphene-2013.pdf

http://www.ipo.gov.uk/informatics-graphene-2013.pdf

HERE WE SEE DR. SHELTON COOPER TRYING TO ISOLATE THE TERMS OF AN EQUATION PERTAINING TO HIS RESEARCH ON GRAPHENE APPLICATIONS

DISADVANTAGES

• PRODUCTION TIME, LABOR, AND COSTS

• SUFFERS FROM ZERO-ENERGY BAND GAP, EVEN AT CHARGE NEUTRALITY POINT• THIS RESTRICTS IT FROM BEING USED IN LOGIC APPLICATIONS

• ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT• GRAPHENE DISSOLVES IN GROUND WATER, BUT SPREADS IN SURFACE

WATER.

REFERENCES

TOO MANY TO LIST.

JUST KIDDING. HERE THEY ARE…