Hsu CY et al. Arch Intern Med 2005;165:923-928.

BP level (mm Hg)Adjusted relative risk 95% CI

<120/80 Reference —

120-129/80-84 1.62 1.27-2.07

130-139/85-89 1.98 1.55-2.52

140-159/90-99 2.59 2.07-3.25

160-179/100-109 3.86 3.00-4.96

180-209/110-119 3.88 2.82-5.34

>210/120 4.25 2.63-6.86

Adjusted relative risk for developing end-stage renal disease (ESRD) associated with blood-pressure level

Relative risk for incidence of ESRD with amlodipine and lisinopril vs diuretic in patients with mild or moderate to severe reductions in GFR at baseline

Rahman M et al. Arch Intern Med 2005;165:923-928.

Treatment group Relative risk 95% CI

Diuretics Reference —

Amlodipine    

•Mild reduction in GFR 1.47 0.97-2.23

•Moderate to severe reduction in GFR

0.92 0.68-1.24

Lisinopril    

•Mild GFR reduction 1.34 0.87-2.06

•Moderate to severe reduction in GFR

0.98 0.73-1.31