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8/13/2019 Hsdpa v1 Cu English Jsmcc
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1 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
HSDPA Network Planning
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2 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Content HSDPA introduction HSDPA Planning HSDPA system performance
Application Performance
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3 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
HSDPA IntroductionHSDPA High Speed Downlink Packet Access
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4/694 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
HSDPA usageThe High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) concept is a
natural extension of the Downlink Shared Channel (DSCH).
HSDPA is mainly intended for non-realtime traffic, but canalso be used for traffic with tighter delay requirements.
Conversational
Streaming
Background
Interactive
Realtime
traffic (RT)
Non-realtimetraffic (NRT)
HSDPA
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5/695 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Release 99 DL capabilities DL packet traffic in R99 of WCDMA
DCH transmitted on DPCH
Fixed SF (SF determines the channelisation code).Power controlled, support for SHO, highest rate 2 Mbps.
DSCH transmitted on PDSCH
Variable SF.
Always DCH associated.
DSCH is shared by several users (single or multi-code transmission).
Power controlled (DPCCH), no support for SHO.
DSCH will be removed from Rel5 onwards.
FACH transmitted on S-CCPCH
Fixed SF.
No power controlled (relatively high power), no support for SHO.
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6/696 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Physical Channels for One HSDPA UE(HSDPA High Speed Downlink Packet Access)
UE
BTS
Associat
ed
DPCH
Associated
DPCH
1-
15
xH
S-
PDSCH
1-
4
xH
S-
SCCH
HS-D
PCCH
DL CHANNELS HS-PDSCH: High-Speed PhysicalDownlink Shared Channel
HS-SCCH: High-Speed Shared Control
Channel Associated DPCH, Dedicated PhysicalChannel.
UL CHANNELS
Associated DPCH, Dedicated Physical
Channel HS-DPCCH: High-Speed DedicatedPhysical Control Channel
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UE2
Channel quality(CQI, Ack/Nack, TPC)
Channel quality(CQI, Ack/Nack, TPC)
Data
DataNew base station functions HARQ retransmissions Modulation/coding selection Packet data scheduling (short TTI)
New base station functions HARQ retransmissions Modulation/coding selection Packet data scheduling (short TTI)
UE1
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
-2
0
24
6
8
10
1214
16
Time [number of TTIs]
QPSK1/4
QPSK2/4
QPSK3/4
16QAM2/4
16QAM3/4
InstantaneousEsNo[dB]
HSDPA - general principle
AMC:Adaptive Modulation and Coding
H-ARQ:Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest
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HSDPA Components Features
HSDPA
AMC
MIMO ?
Short Frame Size(TTI=2 ms)
FastPacket Scheduling
H-ARQ
AMC:Adaptive Modulation and Coding
H-ARQ:Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest
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HSDPA Protocol Architecture New MAC entity, MAC-hs added to the Node B Layers above, such as RLC, unchanged.
WCDMA L1
UE
Iub /Iur
SRNCNode B
Uu
MAC-hs
RLC
NAS
HSDPA user plane
WCDMA L1
MAC -hs
TRANSPORT
FRAME
PROTOCOL
TRANSPORT
FRAME
PROTOCOL
MAC -dRLC
Iu
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10/6910 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
New Node B functionality for HSDPATerminalsNode BRNC
PacketsScheduler
& Buffer
ARQ &
Coding
ACK/NACK & FeedbackDecoding
Flow Control
New Node B functions: Scheduler: Terminal scheduling, Coding Modulation selection (16QAMas new modulation) ARQ Retransmissions Handling Uplink Feedback Decoding Flow Control towards SRNC
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11 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
New terminal functionality for HSDPATerminalNode BRNC
PacketsARQ
Decoding
Soft Buffer
& Combining
ACK/NACK & FeedbackGeneration
Flow Control
New terminal functions: 16 QAM demodulation ARQ Retransmissions Handling Soft buffer combining Fast Uplink Feedback Generation encoding
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12 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
HSDPA DL Physical Channels HS-PDSCH: High-Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel
Actual HSDPA data of HS-DSCH transport channel.
1-15 code channels.
QPSK or 16QAM modulation.
Divided into 2ms TTIs
Fixed SF16
Doesnt have power control
HS-SCCH: High-Speed Shared Control Channel
Informs UE how to receive HS-PDSCH in the same TTI.
Fixed SF128
Has power control
11--4 channels, more than 1 HS4 channels, more than 1 HS--SCCH needed if code multiplexing is used.SCCH needed if code multiplexing is used.
Associated DPCH, Dedicated Physical ChannelPower control commands for associated UL DCH
DPCH needed for each HSDPA UE.
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13 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
HSDPA UL Physical Channels HS-DPCCH: High-Speed Dedicated Physical Control Channel
MAC-hs Ack/Nack information.
Channel Quality Information (CQI reports)
SF 256
Associated DPCH, Dedicated Physical Channel
DPCH needed for each HSDPA UE.
Signalling
Uplink data 64, 128, 384kbps
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14 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Physical Channel Structure
UE1
UE1
UE1
UE2
UE2
UE2
UE1
HS-PDSCH #2
UE1
UE1
UE1
UE2
UE2
UE2
UE1
HS-PDSCH #1UE3
UE3
UE3
UE1
UE1
UE1
UE1
HS-PDSCH #3
UE #1
UE #2
UE #3
1 radio frame (15 slots, total 10 ms)
2 ms
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Subframe #1 Subframe #2 Subframe #3 Subframe #4 Subframe #5
HS-SCCHUE1
UE2
UE2
UE2
UE1
UE3
UE3
UE3
UE1
UE1
User data onHS-DSCH
HS-DPCCHL1 feedback
3 slots
2 slots
HS-DPCCHL1 feedback
HS-DPCCHL1 feedback
3GPP enables time andcode multiplexing.
Picture presents timemultiplexing
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15 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
SF = 128
SF = 256
SF = 64
SF = 32
SF = 8
SF = 16
SF = 4
SF = 2
SF = 1
Codes for the cell common channels
Code for one
HS-SCCH
Codes for 5
HS-PDSCH's
Downlink Code Allocation
166 codes @ SF=256 available for the associated DCHs and non-HSDPA uses
HSDPA with 5 codes
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16 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
HSDPA Data Rates (examples)
Shown code rates are examples since real values are given by transport block size as
well as transmission and rate matching parameters.
16QAM with 15 multi-codes supports >10Mbit/s throughput. QPSK alone can support upto 5.3 Mbit/s (up to 7.2 Mbit/s by disabling coding).
Theoretically up to 14.4 Mbit/s can be sustained but 3GPP hardware specifications do
not support it (+ interference problems from e.g. synchronization channel).
QPSK
1/4
ModulationEffectiveCode rate
2/4
3/4
16
SF
16
16
16QAM
2/4
3/4
16
16
1.2 Mbit/s
Data rate(10 codes)
2.4 Mbit/s
3.6 Mbit/s
4.8 Mbit/s
7.2 Mbit/s
1.8 Mbit/s
Data rate(15 codes)
3.6 Mbit/s
5.3 Mbit/s
7.2 Mbit/s
10.7 Mbit/s
600 kbit/s
Data rate(5 codes)
1.2 Mbit/s
1.8 Mbit/s
2.4 Mbit/s
3.6 Mbit/s
4/416 4.8 Mbit/s 7.2 Mbit/s2.4 Mbit/s
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17 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Rel99 vs HSDPA Retransmissions
Terminal
BTS
RNC
Rel99 DCH/DSCH Rel5 HS-DSCH
Packet Retransmission
RLC ACK/NACK
Retransmission
L1 ACK/NACK
Packet
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18 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
HSDPA L1 Retransmissions The L1 retransmission procedure (Hybrid ARQ, HARQ) achieves
following
L1 signaling to indicate need for retransmission -> fast round trip time facilitated between UE and BTS
Decoder does not get rid off the received symbols when decoding fails but combines the new
transmission with the old one in the buffer.
There are two ways of operating:
A) Identical retransmission (soft/chase combining): where exactly same bits are transmitted during eachtransmission for the packet
B) Non-identical retransmission (incremental redundancy): Channel encoder output is used so that 1sttransmission has systematic bits and less or not parity bits and in case retransmission needed thenparity bits (or more of them) form the second transmission.
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19 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Retransmissions in HSDPA
Server RNC Node-B
UE
RLC retransmissions
TCP retransmissions
MAC-hs Layer-1
retransmissions
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20 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Link adaptation: Modulation
QPSK2 bits / symbol =
480 kbit/s/HS-PDSCH =max. 7.2 Mbit/s
QAM4 bits / symbol =
960 kbit/s/HS-PDSCH =max. 14.4 Mbit/s
1011 1001
10001010
0001 0011
00100000
0100 0110
01110101
1110 1100
11011111
Q
I
10 00
0111
Q
I
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21 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Fast Link Adaptation in HSDPA
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160-2
0
24
6
8
10
121416
Time [number of TTIs]
QPSK1/4
QPSK2/4
QPSK3/416QAM2/4
16QAM3/4
Instantaneou
sEsNo
[dB] C/I received by UE
Link adaptationmode
C/I varies withfading
BTS adjusts link adaptation mode with a
few ms delay based on channel qualityreports from the UE
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22 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Packet Scheduling Strategies
Throughput
high
low
Throughput coverage of
C/I based scheduling
Throughput coverage of
fair throughput scheduling
Operator adjustable slopes fordifferent service and user classes
Spectral Efficiency
Fair Throughput
Fair resources
C/I basedMin.targetThroughput
Tradeoff between cell
throughput, coverageand user fairness
Low coverage of high data rates
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23 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Some Scheduler Types Proportional Fair Resource (P-FR)
UE with best throughput relative to its meanthroughput is chosen.
On short time-scale, different UEs get differentresources.
On medium time-scale, similar fairness to Round-Robin.
Maximum Throughput (M-TP)The UE with the highest instant-aneous throughput is
chosen.
Average throughput and cell capacity maximised.
Lots of UEs get zero throughput.
Not fair among queues on short or even mediumtime-scale.
Round-Robin (RR) = Fair Resource(FR)UE in front of queue is scheduled, then moved to back
of queue.
Each UE gets same amount of resources. Thethroughput depends on its link conditions.
Simple.
Fair Throughput (FT)
Each UE gets same throughput.
UE in bad conditions has to be given more resources.
Cell capacity is bad.
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24 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Co-existence of R99 and HSDPA
Carrier shared between HSDPA and R99
Operator definable or dynamic resource sharingbetween HSDPA and R99
f1f1
f1f1
f2f2
f1f1
f2f2
Dedicated HSDPA carrier HSDPA UE directed to HSDPA carrier
= R5 HSDPA
= R99 DCH
HSDPA carrier, which can also be used for R99traffic in case of R99 high load
UE moved by RRC connection setup or byUE moved by RRC connection setup or by
handovershandovers
HSDPA can be introduced to the network withshared or with dedicated frequency
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25 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
HSDPA Planning
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26 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
HSDPA Dimensioning Overview
RNC
Node-B
Avg. SINR ->avg. cell throughput
Avg. user throughputcell throughput / users
Iub
Min. throughput atthe cell edge
WSPCs (1 or 3)
HSDPA power allocation
RR or PF schedulingSupported LA (modulation & codes)
UL traffic on DPCH
UL coverage: additionalmargin due to CQI and Ack/Nack
Throughput depends onthe signal to interferenceratio.
N t k Pl i f HSDPA
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27 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Network Planning for HSDPA
Careful planning of cell dominance areas and SHO areas is essentialalso for HSDPA capacity in outdoor and indoor environments.
Following major issues should be considered in HSDPA networkplanning:
1. HSDPA deployment strategy: continuous coverage or hot spot coverage.
2. HSDPA power allocation
3. Average HSDPA cell throughput target
4. Associated UL DCH coverage (considering the effect of CQI reporting andMAC-hs Ack/Nack signaling)
5. Node-B processing capacity resources
6. Iub recources
7. RNC recources
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28 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
HSDPA Dimensioning Process Two different methods:
Method 1:
Given DCH traffic requirements, simply assigns to HSDPA the power that isnot used for DCH and obtains the HSDPA cell throughput as a result.
Method 2:
Assumes HSDPA cell throughput to be an input specified by the operator anduses it to derive the corresponding HSDPA transmission power.If thecalculated cell loading is larger than the planned loading, then there are
two ways:
1. Change the site configuration;
2. Add sites;
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29 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
HSDPA Dimensioning, Method 1Start
HSDPA transmissionpower calculation as
power not needed forDCH traffic
HSDPA throughputcalculation
WBTS dimensioning
PtxMaxHSDPA
1 or 3 WSPCs
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30 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
HSDPA Dimensioning, Method 2InputsTraffic model.Coverage requirementsor # sites.
Calculate # sites basedon the DCH traffic andcoverage requirements
Calculated the requiredHSDPA power for HSDPAcapacity and coverage.
Calculate WSP cards
Check that Rel99 trafficcan be handled withBTS_maxP CCH_P HSDPA_P
Not OK
OK
1.Add sites or carriers
2.Define strategy:Use one WSPCcard for one Node-B or OneWSPC card for one cell
1. 2. 3.
4.
5.tep 3Calculate needed HSDPA power based on the avg. and min. throughput requirements.
Step 4Check if the network can support required DCH traffic after part of the BTS power is allocated
for HSDPA.
Step 5Calculate required WSPC capacity (supports only WSPC cards and 1+1+1 configuration)
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31 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Load Calculation Power Assignment for HSDPAFigure below shows the Node-B power allocation with and without HSDPA.Parameters can be set for the HSDPA priority vs DCH. (HSDPA Priority=1 or 2)
Common Chs(fixed part)
Common Chs(fixed part)
PC headroom HSDPA Power
DCH + variablepart of
Common Chs
PC headroom
DCH + variable
part ofCommon Chs
PtxTarget PtxOffsetHSDPA
PtxOffset
PtxTargetHSDPA
Variable Power
Variable Power
Fixed Power Fixed Power
Fixed Power
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32 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Load Calculation Power Assignment for HSDPA Part of the Node-B power is allocated for HSDPA.The amount of this fixed power
depends on the HSDPA throughput requirements and power demands of DCHtraffic. DCH traffic part cant be limited to be too small. Typically 3-10W of themax. 20W Node-B tx-power can be allocated for HSDPA.
HSDPA decreases the amount of variable power, because the power for HSDPAis fixed. For this reason the power control headroom can be smaller, when thevariable power part is decreased.
For a dedicated HSDPA carrier the HSDPA power can be up to 75%, i.e. 15W ofmax. 20W Node-B tx-power.
Admission of The First HSDPA User
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33 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Admission of The First HSDPA User
Overload Control Actions
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34 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Overload Control Actions
If there is at least one MAC-d flowallocated in the cell, overloadcontrol actions are started if thefollowing condition is true.
HSDPA Priority=1
Overload control actions are primarilytargeted to NRT DCH(s),(point B).The target power level is definedby the management parameterPtxTargetHSDPA.
If there is no more NRT DCH(s) in thecell, overload control actions aretargeted to MAC-d flows (Pointc).In this case all MAC-d flows inthe cell are released.
Overload Control Actions
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35 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Overload Control Actions
If there is at least one MAC-d flowallocated in the cell, overloadcontrol actions are started if thefollowing condition is true.
HSDPA Priority=2
Overload control actions are targeted toMAC-d flows, all MAC-d flows inthe cell are released(Point B),
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36 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
HSDPA Roll Out Strategy1. One shared carrier with DCH traffic;
- HSDPA power must be limited to ensure enough capacity for DCH traffic.
- HSDPA power allocation can vary between 4-10 W( with 20W Node-B), depending onthe forecasted traffic mix and HSDPA throughput requirements.
2. Dedicated second carrier for HSDPA, where most of the Node-B power of thecarrier is allocated to HSDPA.
+ 10~15W power can be allocated for HSDPA
+ Directed RRC setup feature can be used to direct rel.5 UEs that are asking for NRT
bearer to the second carrier, but all other UEs would use only the first carrier => DirectNRT calls of all HSDPA capable UEs to second carrier.
- Required some more Node-B processing capacity, even with the same traffic amount,because the common control channels of the second carrier takes part of theprocessing capacity.
=>However, in early phase, when the traffic load has not yet increased, two WSPC
cards per Node-B should be enough to handle common channel, DCH and
HSDPA traffic in both deployment ways.
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37 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Co-existence of R99 and HSDPA
Carrier shared between HSDPA and R99
Operator definable or dynamic resource sharingbetween HSDPA and R99
f1f1
f1f1
f2f2
f1f1
f2f2
Dedicated HSDPA carrier HSDPA UE directed to HSDPA carrier
= R5 HSDPA
= R99 DCH
HSDPA carrier, which can also be used for R99traffic in case of R99 high load
UE moved by RRC connection setup or byUE moved by RRC connection setup or by
handovershandovers
HSDPA can be introduced to the network withshared or with dedicated frequency
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38 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Directed RRC setup for HSDPA layer All idle mobiles are forced to camp on f1 Access stratum release indicator and establishment cause reported
in RRC connection setup request
Any UE reporting Rel5 and interactive or background cause is
directed to HSDPA layer, others to Rel99 layer
f2, HSDPA
f1, Rel99
All idle UEscamp on f1
Any other RRCsetup onto f1
Rel5 IA/BG RRCsetup on f2
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39 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
HSDPA Handover There are several handover options for HSDPA:
Inter Node-B HS-DSCH to HS-DSCH handover:handover between two HS-DSCH at different Node-Bs
Intra Node-B HS-DSCH to HS-DSCH handover: handover between two HS-DSCH at different sectors inthe same Node-B.
HS-DSCH DCH channel switching.
There are own measurement control parameter sets for HSDPA.
HS-DSCH to HS-DSCH handovers and associated DCH soft handovers are possible
HS-DSCH
DCH in SHO
Active set -> 2 - Active set -> 1 ->Handover to HS-DSCH
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40 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Inter Node-B HS-DSCH to HS-DSCH HO Handover decision is done by SRNC. Inter Node-B HO requires reset of the MAC-hs for the user in the source Node-B.
Hence, buffered PDUs in thesource Node-B are lost, i.e.,needs to be recovered by
higher layers (typically RLC layer)
SRNC
Source Node-B Target Node-B
HS-DSCH HS-DSCH
UE
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41 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Intra Node-B HS-DSCH to HS-DSCH HO All data in the Node-B are moved from the source MAC-hs to the new target MAC-hs,
including information related physical layer HARQ (MAC-hs preservation).
Hence, during intra Node-B HS-DSCH to HS-DSCH handover, there is no need for recovery oflost PDUs in the source MAC-hs.
Channel Switching HS-DSCH DCH
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42 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Possible triggers for HS-DSCH to DCH switching:The UE is moving to a cell without HSDPA
The load on HSDPA becomes too high (pre-emption actions)
Switching from HS-DSCH to DCH requires reset of the MAC-hs, so recovery of lost
PDUs in the MAC-hs is required.
Thus, from a logical point of view intra Node-B HS-DSCH to HS-DSCH handover issimpler than switching from HS-DSCH to DCH.
There is no handover from NRT DCH to HS-DSCH. UE an get back to HS-DSCH
only when it is getting a new capacity request.
HSDPA vs R99 DCH DL Coverage Adjacent
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43 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Cells Loaded
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
Dis tance from BTS [relative to cell radius , 1=cell edge]
k
bps
Dedicated HSDPA carrier
HSDPA carrier shared with R99 DCH
R99 DCH
HSDPA improves datacoverage compared to R99
HSDPA improves data rates ingood coverage area compared
to R99
Single user assumed on HS-DSCH
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44 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
SINR
, where PHSDPA
is the HSDPA Tx power,PTxTotal
is the total Node-B Tx power,Pnoise
is theRx noise,Iother is the Rx other cell interference, Iown is the Rx own cell interference, is the DL orthogonality factor, and SF
16is the spreading factor of 16.
OrthogonalityOrthogonality FactorsFactors
Power of HSDPAPower of HSDPA
Larger interference from other cells=>Lower SINR
Avg. SINR and HSDPA Throughput
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45 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
The single-user HSDPAthroughput versus itsaverage HS-DSCH SINRis plotted.
Notice that these resultsinclude the effect of fastfading and dynamic HS-DSCH link adaptation.
An average HS-DSCHSINR of 23 dB isrequired to achieve themaximum data rate of3.6 Mbps with 5 HS-
PDSCH codes.
Avera
gesingle-userthroughpu
t[Mbps]
Average SINR (1 HS-PDSCH) [dB]
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
-10 -5 50 10 15 20 25 300
3.0
3.5
4.0
HS-DSCH POWER 7W (OF 15W), 5 CODES,1RX-1TX, 6MS/1DB LA DELAY/ERROR
Rake, Ped-A, 3km/h
Rake, Veh-A, 3km/h
Rake, Ped-B, 3km/h
MMSE, Ped-A, 3km/h
MMSE, Ped-B, 3km/h
Rake, Veh-A, 30km/h
Average HS-DSCH SINR [dB]
HSDPA- DL coverage
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46 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Min. throughput at the celledge (single user)
SINR target at the cell edge
Min. required throughput defines HSDPA coverage Absolute minimum requirement for SINR is 0 dB (100kbps throughput)
HSDPA DL LINK BUDGET
DL DCH LINK BUDGET
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47 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
The estimation of HSDPA PathLoss (coverage)can be obtained from HSDPA link budget:
(below example to get similar DL DCH384 coverage)
Service HSDPA384
Transmitter - Node B
Max Tx Power (HSDPA) 12 W
Max Tx Power (HSDPA) 40.8 dBm
Tx Antenna Gain 18 dBi
Cable Loss 3 dB
EIRP 55.8 dBm
Receiver - Handset
Handset Noise Figure 8 dB
Thermal Noise -108 dBm
Background RSSI -100 dBmDownlink Load 80 %
Interference Margin 7.0 dB
Interference Floor -93.0 dBm
Min SINR 4.5 dB
Service PG 12.0 dB
Rx Antenna Gain 0 dBi
Body Loss 0 dB
Receiver Sensitivity -100.6 dB
DL Fast Fade Margin 0 dB
DL Soft Handover Gain 0 dB
Max. Path Loss 156.3 dB
NO SHO for HS-DSCH
txSCCHHStxPDSCHHSPAPtxMaxHSDPP __ =
ceFloorInterferenSFSINRISFSINRC +=+= 1616
SINR TO MATCH THE EDGE BITRATE
UL link budget: HS-DPCCH overhead Summary
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48 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Maximum of power can be used for Pdpcch+Pdpdch;
In SHO, HS-DPCCH power related to DPCCH, which has no SHO, it need more power.
Maximum of power can be used for Pdpcch+Pdpdch;
In SHO, HS-DPCCH power related to DPCCH, which has no SHO, it need more power.
SINR Ec/Io (1/2)
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49 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Based on the wideband average P-CPICH Ec/Io it is possible to estimate theachievable single HSDPA-user throughput.
It can be shown that the average HS-DSCH SINR can be expressed as afunction of the P-CPICH Ec/Io as
where PHSDPA, Ptot, and Ppilot is the HSDPA transmit power, the total Node-Btransmit power, and the P-CPICH transmit power, respectively. While isthe downlink orthogonality factor and
pilot
is the P-CPICH Ec/Io.
tot
pilot
pilot
HSDPA
PP
PSFSINR
= 16
SINR Ec/Io(2/2)
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50 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
With 5 HS-PDSCH codesand 7 W HSDPA power itis possible to achieve asingle-user HSDPA
throughput of 300 kbps at15 dB Ec/Io.
At 10 dB Ec/Io (close tothe BTS) the HSDPA
throughput is on the orderof 1 Mbps.
Reducing the HSDPApower from 7 W to 3 W
results in a single userthroughput degradation ofapproximately a factor twofor Ec/Io
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51 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Setting a value for G factor means making assumptions on user location. Some G
factor distributions (CDF) coming from simulations as well as an operator field
experience are represented in the following chart:
-20 -10 0
G-factor [dB]
C
umulativedistribution
function[%]
10 20 30 400
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Macrocell
(Wallu)
Veh-A/Ped-A
Macrocell(Vodafone)
Veh-A/Ped-A
Microcell
(Vodafone)
Ped-A
=
Pre-planning with NetAct Planner
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52 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Pre-planning with NetAct Planner
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53 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
4 W HSDPA power 6 W HSDPA power
Pilot HSDPA HSDPA, 5codes HSDPA HSDPA, 5codesEc/Io SINR Throughput SINR Throughput
-15 0.56 167 2.32 249
-14.5 1.13 193 2.89 279
-14 1.70 220 3.46 316
-13.5 2.29 248 4.05 354
-13 2.89 279 4.65 393
-12.5 3.50 319 5.26 432
-12 4.14 359 5.90 479
-11.5 4.79 401 6.55 540
-11 5.47 445 7.23 604
-10.5 6.18 506 7.94 671
-10 6.92 576 8.68 745
-9.5 7.72 650 9.48 865-9 8.57 731 10.34 995
-8.5 9.51 871 11.27 1137
-8 10.57 1030 12.33 1278
-7.5 11.78 1208 13.54 1437
-7 13.26 1400 15.02 1688
-6.5 15.20 1725 16.96 2092
-6 18.23 2415 19.99 2871-5.5 28.23 3619 29.99 3619
Example for 5 codes with 16QAM:BTS total power 14W
Pilot power 2W
Radio Resource Configuration for HSDPA
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54 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
There should be two scenarios: HSDPA share the same carrier with R99, or
HSDPA uses a dedicated carrier. Compare the configuration with that of R99.
HSDPA requires WSPC type card in Node-B. One WSPC can be shared between1-3 cells, depending on the SW release and parameters. Regarding HSDPA thereis during the initial phase only one configuration supported, where one WSPC
provides the HSDPA for the whole Node-B (scheduler time multiplexing). Therequired 34 CEs are reserved only from a single WSPC.
In case there are HSDPA users on several sectors, transmission TTIs aredivided to different cells in the same Node-B in the ratio corresponding to thenumber of HSDPA users in each cell. So if there are HSDPA users in only one ofthe cells, then that cell will get scheduled every TTI. Worst case is equal number ofusers on each cell. Then each cell gets scheduling turn on every 3rd TTI. Onededicated scheduler per cell will be possible in RAN5.1. This will require aminimum of 3 WSPC cards installed in the 3-sector NodeB, each WSPC cardproviding 1 dedicated scheduler for 1 cell.
Radio Resource Configuration for HSDPA
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55 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
WSPC capacity Without HSDPA (Assume One 16kbps DCH using 1hardware channel)
64 DCHs of 16kbps OR 48 DCHs + common channels for three cells
HSDPA with 5 HS-PDSCH codes:16 HSDPA users (16 uplink HS-DPCCHs and 3.6 Mbit/s HSDPA downlink)
30 DCHs at 16 kbit/s OR 14 DCHs + common channels for three cells
Example Configurations
HSDPA act ive: no HSDPA
users, max AMR users
HSDPA active: max
HSDPA & UL 64 or 128
kbit/s users + AMR users
HSDPA active: max
HSDPA & UL 384 kbi t/s
users + AMR users
1 Omni: 1 WSPC 64-(34+16)=14 3 HSDPA + 2 AMR 14 AMR
1+1+1: 1 WSPC 64-(34+16)=14 3 HSDPA + 2 AMR 14 AMR1+1+1: 2 WSPC 64*2-(34+16)=78 16 HSDPA + 14 AMR 4 HSDPA + 14 AMR
1+1+1: 3 WSPC 64*3-(34+16)=142 16 HSDPA + 78 AMR 8 HSDPA + 14 AMR
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56 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
HSDPA System Performance
HSDPA Bit Rate as a Function of RSCP Isolated Cell
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57 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
-120 -115 -110 -105 -100 -95 -90 -85 -80 -75 -70
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
CPICH RSCP [dBm]
kbps
HSDPA
DCH
Max UL AMR coverage for AMR unloaded (-116 dBm)
Max UL 64 kbps coverage for unloaded (-111 dBm)
HSDPA cell edge bit rate 300-1000 kbps in noise limited case
HSDPA bit rate depends on the definition of cell edge = uplink coverage
Max UL 64 kbps coverage loaded (-107 dBm)
CPICH 33 dBm HS-DSCH 41 dBm Dedicated HSDPA carrier Single user on HS-DSCH384 kbps DCH
HSDPA vs R99 DCH Coverage Adjacent CellsLoaded
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58 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
Dis tance from BTS [relative to cell radius , 1=cell edge]
kbps
Dedicated HSDPA carrier
HSDPA carrier shared with R99 DCH
R99 DCH
HSDPA improves datacoverage compared to R99
HSDPA improves data rates ingood coverage area comparedto R99
Single user assumed on HS-DSCH
HSDPA Bit Rate Availability in System LevelSimulations80% d 15 d ll d HSDPA i
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59 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
0.01 0.1 1 100
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
80% power and 15 codes allocated to HSDPA service
Instantaneous (per 2 ms) user throughput [Mbps]
Cumulativedistributiof
unction[-]
Macrocell/Veh A/3kmph
Microcell/Ped A/3kmph
Mean bit rate 1.5Mbps in macro cells
Mean bit rate >5Mbps in micro cells
Dynamic System Simulations with Mixed HSDPADCH Traffic
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60 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
780 kbps
DCH:410 kbps
1090 kbps
HSDPA:670 kbps
DCH:410 kbps
1320 kbps
HSDPA:910 kbps
DCH:780 kbps
HSDPA:N.A.
RAN05 RAN06No HSDPA
43% Gain
21% Gain
MAC-hs scheduling:RAN05 = RR(Round Roubin)RAN06 = PF(Proportional Fair)
Veh-A / Macro
5 codes assumed for RAN05 and RAN06
Dynamic System Simulations Dedicated HSDPACarrier
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61 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
HSDPA:920 kbps
HSDPA:940 kbps
HSDPA:1200 kbps
RAN05QPSK only
RAN05 RAN06
4% Gain
27%Gain
Due to using PF instead ofRR
HSDPA:960 kbps
HSDPA:1100 kbps
HSDPA:1500 kbps
RAN05QPSK only
RAN05 RAN06
14%Gain
36%Gain
Due to using PF instead ofRR
Due to 16QAM
Due to 16QAM
Vehicular-A Pedestrian-A
Cell Throughput Results for Round Robin
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62 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
The total cellthroughput is 1150kbps.
Without any HSDPAtraffic, the Rel
99 DCH
cell capacity equals780 kbps.
Using 7-8 W for HSDPA,the total cell
throughput is increasedby a factor1150/780=1.47
7-8 W power for HSDPA provides goodcompromise between HSDPA bit rates and
R99 capacity
5-code HSDPA assumed
Cell Throughput Results for ProportionalFair
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63 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
The total cellthroughput of 1320kbps.
Without any HSDPAtraffic, the Rel
99 DCH
cell capacity equals780 kbps.
Using 7-8 W for HSDPA,the total cell
throughput isincreased by a factor1320/780=1.69
5-code HSDPA assumed
Bit Rate Distribution of HSDPA Users (Incase of Mixed R99 + HSDPA Traffic)
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64 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
1 HSDPA user on average
3 HSDPA userson average
5 HSDPA userson average
The median userthroughput 200-400kbps depending onthe load
The user throughputslimited by DCHtraffic and othercell inteference
Even during highload, 80% of HSDPAuses get >100 kbps.
WCDMA Round Trip Time Evolution
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65 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Round trip time of 32-B packet
0
2040
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
RAN1.5ED2 RAN04 (20-ms TTI) RAN04 (10-ms TTI) RAN05 HSDPA
m
s
Internet
Iu + core
RNCIub
Node B
AI
UE
HSDPA pushes roundtrip time < 100ms
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66 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Application Performance
Faster Content Download Times with HSDPA
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67 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
0
10
20
30
40
5060
70
80
90100
30 kB digital
image
100 kB video
clip
300 kB Symbian
application
4 MB MP3
Seconds
GPRS 3+2EDGE 3+2WCDMA 384 kbpsHSDPA (700 kbps)WLAN .11b
Fast download of ve
large content
Faster Web Browsing with HSDPA
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68 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Web page download time
05
10152025303540
GPRS 3 2 EDGE 4 2 WCDMA 384kbps
HSDPA
eonds
100 kB200 kB
Assumptions: PDP context exists, GPRS 10 kbps/TSL, EDGE 40 kbps/TSL, WCDMA 128 kbps/384kbps, HSDPA 700 kbps
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69 NOKIA WCDMA Radio Network Planning.ppt 3G WCDMA
Thank You