BY LAWS FOR PARA MEDICAL INSTITUTIONS CONDUCTING PARA MEDICAL COURSES IN DMLT/DMRT.

The institution shall be established as per Para Medical Council norms notified in Gazette.

The following Bylaws will govern the institution and their credibility. Schedule and the examination patter conducting body and hospital attachment.

1. (a) Candidate should be bonafide Himachali.(b) Candidate should be 10+2 with at least 50% marks in Physics,

Chemistry and Biology or mathematic combined together. (40% for SC/ST)

OrHave appeared in 10+2 examination can be considered provisionally till the declaration of result as clause 1 (b).

(c ) Should be less than 17 years and more than 25 years on the 1st

July of the year of admission.(d) Selection of the candidate shall be made strictly as per merit of

10+2 aggregate marks in Physics, Chemistry and Biology or mathematic combined together.

(e) Admission / examination conducting body shall be H.P Paramedical Council.

(f) Minimum 2 year duration of the course (DMLT/DMRT) wich includes 6 months apprentenship i.e. they are diploma course while degree course are of three years.

(g) The paramedical institutions in Private Sector who does not own their hospital can be attached to accordingly to the Government instruction / NOC (i) in the State Medical Colleges / District Hospital / Zonal hospital (ii) in the private hospital where hospital with minimum 100 beds attached. Only one institution will be attached with the health institutions at a particular location.

(h) The paramedical institutions should be organized with in the 30 Kms distance from the Hospital.

(i) The institution should have an own building / rental building.

TEACHING FACULTY FOR DMLT (FOR 20 STUDENTS)

Teaching faculty for DMLT (all teaching and technical staff should be registered with the HP Para Medical Council/State Medical Council as applicable) :-

Sr. No.

Designation Number of posts

Qualification (Regularly acquired from Government recognized institution).

DMLT

1. Principal 1 MD in (Biochemistry/Pathology/ Microbiology) and degree recognized by M.C.I

or

M.Sc. in Medical laboratory technology/ Medical biochemistry/ Medical Microbiology/ Medical Pathology with 2 year working experience or teaching experience

after doing MSc.

2. Lecturer 1 MD in (Biochemistry/ Pathology/ Microbiology) and Degree recognized by M.C.I

or

M.Sc. in Medical laboratory technology/ Medical biochemistry/ Medical Microbiology/ Medical Pathology with 2 year working experience or teaching experience after doing M.Sc.

or

BSc. in Medical Laboratory Technology with 5 years of teaching experience or working experience after doing B.Sc.

3. Tutor 2 B.Sc. in Medical Laboratory Technology

4. Technician 2 Diploma in laboratory Technology

(Two year Diploma Course)

5. Computer Teacher

1 PGDCA or One year Diploma in Computer Application

6. Lab Attended 2 Diploma (2 years) or Certificate course (1 year) in Laboratory Technology.

7. Clerk 1 10+2 having knowledge of typing (speed 30 WPM) and computer application.

8. Peon 1 Matriculation

9. Safai Karamchari 1 NIL

NOTE: -

1. 33% of faculty may be visiting amongst lecturer and Tutor combined together.

2. For every additional twenty student or part thereof up to the maximum, of forty students; the faculty and staff should be doubled except Computer operator.

Space : - Minimum requirement

1. Principal room 120 Sq. Feet2. Staff Room 100 Sq. Feet3. Store 100 Sq. Feet with shelves for storage

4. Seminar cum teaching 300 Sq. Feet and additional 200 Sq feet for Room every 20 student or part thereof.

5. Laboratories 250 Sq. feet of space must be provided for Microbiology, Pathology and Biochemistry Laboratories separately and space double for every 20 additional students or part thereof.

6. First Aid Room 40 Sq. Feet7. Toilets i) One attached with Principal Room

ii) One for staff.iii) Two for students (one Ladies and one gents)

NOTE: -

1. Entire premises of the institution should be with in 500 meters ( i.e. diameter)

2. Teaching schedule : As prescribed by the HP Para Medical Council.3. Deficiency of upto a maximum of 10% is permissible in the floor area

of individual rooms and individual laboratories of the institution.

TEACHING FACULTY FOR DMRT (FOR 20 STUDENTS)

Teaching faculty for DMLT (all teaching and technical staff should be registered with the HP Para Medical Council/State Medical Council as applicable) :-

Sr. No.

Designation Number of posts

Qualification (Regularly acquired from Government recognized institution).

DMRT

1. Principal 1 MD/DMRD in Radio- diagnosis

or

M.Sc. in Radiology with 2 year experience in working/teaching after M.Sc.

2. Lecturer 1 MD /DMRD in Radio- diagnosis

or

M.Sc. in Radiology with 2 year experience in working/teaching after M.Sc.

or

B.Sc Radiology Technology with 5 year experience in working/ teaching after B.Sc.

3. Tutor 2 B.Sc. Radiology Technology

4. Radiographer 2 Diploma in Radiology Technology

5. Computer Teacher

1 PGDCA/ One year Diploma in Computer Application

6. Clerk 1 10+2 having knowledge of typing and computer

7. Peon 1 Matriculation

8. Safai Karamchari 1 -

NOTE: -

1. 33% of faculty may be visiting amongst lecturer and Tutor combined together.

2. For every additional twenty students or part there of up to the maximum, of forty strength, the faculty and staff should be doubled except Computer operator.

Work load for twenty seats: - The hospital/ Diagnostic centre should perform minimum investigation as follows: -

10 to 20 X-rays per days5 ultra sound per days

Other special investigation: - Barium studies, IVP and other investigation major 3 per

day combined together.Or

The institution or Hospital/Diagnostic centre which cannot have CT scan, MRI and Mamography must get attachment either to a state run Zonal hospital/district hospital or well equipped private hospital where facilities for these modalities i.e. (CT Scan, MRI, mammography etc) exist.

Radiation and safety measure. The Hospital or the diagnostic centre has to get approval of the BARC of from Radiation safety Officer Appointment for the state by the BARC for radiation protection. The firm batch or TLD batch should be procured for all the staff members and students.

Space; - The Principal room, staff room, office, library, class room, first aid room and toilet facilities will be similar to these mentioned for DMLT courses.

For special investigations: 200 sq feet room

100 Sq feet for ultra sound room with

Waiting area of 100 Sq feet.

X-ray room if separate then 150 Sq Feet

CT Room 400 Sq feet(this will include toilet, main room and console room.

MRI Room As per company provision

Other requirement as prescribed by the Council.

SYLLABUS

FOR

DIPLOMA MEDICAL RADIOLOGY AND

IMAGING TECHNOLOGY

The course will be two year’s duration.

The total syllabus is to be covered in two years.

The theory classes to be spread in sixteen hours per week, each lecture will

be one hour duration. The total duration of practical will be twenty hours in a

week. The practical notebook for anatomy, physiology is to be maintained.

Radiology training of CT scan & MRI will be imparted in the attached

institution. Duration for these special procedures investigation will be as

prescribed.

The pattern of examination for FIRST YEAR will be as follows ; -

1) Anatomy, physiology Paper (1) 100 Marks

2) Radiography, dark Room paper (2) 100

marks

3) Basic physics & radiation protection Paper (3) 100

Marks

4) Practical +viva + internal assessment (100+50+50) 200

Marks

The pattern of examination for SECOND YEAR will be as follows : -

1. Radiological physics 100

Marks

2. Special investigation & radiographic techniques 100

Marks

3. Imaging technology (CT,USG, MRI, MAMMOGRAPHY)

100 Marks

4. Practical + viva + internal assessment (100+50+50) 200

Marks

SYLLABUS FOR TWO YEAR DEIMPLOMA IN MEDICAL

RADIOLOGY TECHNOLOGY (D.M.R.T.)

1. Introductory lecture & introduction to the department & library.

2. Introductory lecture in radiation and radiation hazards and protection of

the patient & staff.

3. Human body anatomy & Physiology ;-

MUSCULO SKELETAL SYSTEM : -

1) General introduction of skeleton system

2) Bone structure

3) Skull name of skull bone, type of bones, sutures, radiological land

marks

4) Vertebral column various type of vertebral, their name applied

anatomy of vertebral column.

5) Upper extremity the number of bones, their names, their identification

site (clavicle, scpula, humorus, radius, ulna, carpal bones, metalcarpal,

phalanges)

6) Lower extremity-the number of bones, their names, their identification

site, (femur, tibia, fibula, tarsal bones, metalarsal, bones, phalanges)

7) Pelvis-the pelvic bones, sacrum, various parts & differentiation

between male & female pelvis.

8) Thoracic cage-manubrium sterni, sternm, bibs, coccys.

9) Bony land marks on the body in relation to radiography.

10) Cartilage and its structure, various cartilages in the body.

11) Introductory lecture on muscles, various types of muscles, their

function and their applied anatomy with microscopic structure of the

muscle (insertion &origin)

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM: -

Anatomy and Physiology

1. Introductory lecture on various parts of circulatory system. (Heart,

great vessels, congenital anomalies)

2. Arterial system- branching of the arterial system and names of

important arteries.

3. Venous system- formation of the great veins, their names and their

importance.

4. Blood-the constituent of blood (plasma, blood cells, blood groups,

coagulation factor, blood dyscrasias)

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM : -

Anatomy and Physiology

1. Introductory lecture on various parts of respiratory system (nose,

para nasa, sinuses, phaynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs) including

alveolar structure alongwith applied anatomy.

2. Physiology of respiration, lung volume.

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM : -

Anatomy and Physiology

1. Introductory lecture on various parts of digestive system (mouth,

salivar, glands, esophagus, stomach, small intestine(its parts) large

intestine(its parts).

2. Physiology of digestion, absorption, excretion of food, gastric juices

and their role.

HEPATOBILIARY SYSTEM: -

Anatomy and Physiology

1. Introductory lecture on various parts of Hepatobilliary system (Liver,

gall bladder, billiary tree).

2. Physiology of hepato billiary system (bile formation, storage & liver

function)

EXCRETERY SYSTEM: -

Anatomy and Physiology

1. Introductory lecture on various parts of excretory system (kidneys,

ureters, urinary bladder & urethra) with their function and applied

anatomy.

2. Physiology of excretory system (basic function of renal tubules,

glomerulus apparatus, urine formation), maturation.

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM : -

Anatomy and Physiology

1. Introductory lecture on various parts of male & female reproductive

system with anatomy & applied anatomy.

2. Physiology of reproductive system (gametogenesis, conception total

development).

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM: -

Anatomy and Physiology

1. Introductory lecture on various endocrine glands (pituitary, thyroid,

thryroid, adrenals, pancreas) their anatomy & applied anatomy.

2. Physiology of endocrine system (hormones formation, chemical

structure of hormones & secretion).

NERVOUS SYSTEM: -

Anatomy and Physiology

1. Introductory lecture on various parts of nervous system (central

nervous system, peripheral nervous system) sympathetic and

parasympathetic system.

2. Physiology of nervous system (neuro-transmission, the nervous

structure & axon e.s.f. (formation & flow).

SENSORY SYSTEM: -

Anatomy and Physiology

1. Introductory lecture on various parts of SENSOTY system (skin, eye,ear,

nose tongue) their anatomy & applied anatomy.

2. Physiology of sensory organs

PHYSICS: -

1. BASIC PHYSICS

2. RADIOLOGICAL PHYSICS

BASIC PHYSICS: -

1. Introduction of Physics

Atoms, matters, energy, mass, length, motion, speed, force, gravity,

work, power, energy, lever, density, heat, international units of

measurements, structure of atom, potential difference, current &

resistance, conductor, semi conductor, insulator, electric power, volta

meter, ammeter.

2. Scalar and vector quantities, addition and subtraction of vectors.

3. Introduction of tranverse and longitudinal waves, interference of waves,

Doppler effect.

4. Magnetism, magnetic density, magnetic lines of force, electromagnetic

induction.

5. AC generator, DC Generator, transformer, rectification, capacitator and

capacitance.

RADIOLOGICAL PHYSICS: -

1. Characteristics of X-ray beam, generation and properties of X-rays,

construction of X-rays tube, heat dissipation, difference between X-ray

tube and therapy, scattered radiation and methods to reduce

measurement of radiation exposure.

2. Thermionic emission, photoelectric emission, diode valve.

3. Light intensity, invisible spectrum, electromagnetic radiation, properties

of electromagnetic radiation.

4. Isotopes and radioactivity.

5. Transformer, autotransformer, type transformer used in X-ray

rectification.

6. Tube rating chart, cooling chart, electric hazards

RADIATION HAZARDS AND PROTECTION: -

1. Units of measurements of radiation, acute and chronic radiation

hazards, aims and objective of protection, inverse square law.

DARK ROOM: -

1. Dark room-Size and installation, ventilation, electric fitting, pass box,

entrance, illumination, dry and wet side.

2. Construction of film, type of film, intensifying screens, fluorescent

screens, luminescence, safety in dark room.

3. Manual processing and automatic film process.

4. Artifacts in dark room

5. Fixer and developer & replenisher.

6. Grids and cones

7. Maintenance of a dark room.

PATHOLOGY: -

1. Introductory lecture on pathology and disease process, parasitology,

bacteria, fungus, shock hemorrhage, haematuria, haemoptysis,

haematemesis, malaena.

2. Terminology of various disease process benign and malignant diseases,

infective disease.

ANESTHESIA IN RADIOLOGY: -

1. Introductory lecture on anesthesia and its role in pediatric radiology and

trauma radiology, cardiovascular resuscitation, management of

anaphylaxis and reaction. Pre and post anesthetic precautions and care.

2. Introduction and introductory lecture on anesthetic gazettes, Boyle’s

apparatus, ventilator, endo tracheal tube, care of end tracheal tube and

other tubes during radiography.

RADIOGRAPHY: -

1. General Radiography: -

Image : - Unsharpness, photographic density, contrast, detail, quality,

fog, grid, selective, filtration, high KV radiography, macro radiography,

image subtraction, 3D reconstruction, reformation, & MIP.

2. Regional radiography: -

Positioning & terminology for positioning: Upper limb, lower Hip, joint,

Pelvis, Verterbral column, chest skull, nasal bone, mandible, abdomen.

3. Special diagnostic and imaging procedure: -

a) Gastro-intestinal tract investigation

Sialography, Baswallow, Ba. Meal (Single and double contrast) Ba.

Follow through , small bowel enema.Ba.enema (single & double

contrast) hypertonic duodenography, CT of abdomen, virtual

endoscopy & colonoscopy of the abdomen, MRI of the GI tract.

b) Genitourinary tract: - IVP 9technique and filming) retrograde

pylography, Mieturating eysto erethrography (Antegrade and

retrograde) perculanecous Nephrography.

Hysterosalphigography.

c) Hepatobilliary system: -oral cholecysto graphy, intracenous,

cholangiography, T-tude cholagiography.

d) Respiratory system: - Nasopharyngography, Laryngography,

bronechography and contrast used. HRCT thorax and PNS.

e) Cardiovascular system: - angiography of the peripheral

vassels, abdominal aorta, mesenteric vessels and other vessels.

Splcenoportography, coronary angiography, intervention

radiology exposure.

f) Miscellaneous procedures; - linear, Tomography, Mammography,

dacryocystography, orbital, venography, arthrography,

myclography.

g) Imaging procedures : - CT scanning USG, MRI

h) Contrast media used in radiology, their reaction and

contraindications.

PLANNING OF RADIOLOGY DEPARTMENT ; -

Role of radiographer in planning of X-rays department and smooth running of

department.

Recent advances quality assurance in radiology

Principles of ultra sonography & basic physics of ultra sound computed

tomography (it’s basic principles and newer advances) MRI (it’s basic

principles and newer advance), angiography (it’s basic principles & newer

advances)

ETHICS & LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY : -

1. Radiography patient relation, preliminary requirement prior to examination of patient on the stretcher, examination of a patient under anesthesia, in ICU cleanliness in X-rays department, radiation protection, care in radiology, importance of records & record keeping, medico legal cases.

MINIMUM EQUIPMENT REQUIRED FOR RADIO- DIAGNOSIS DEPT TO START DMRT TWO YEAR COURSE.

ABSOLUTELY NECESSARY

Sr.No. Name of Articles Quantity

1. X-ray machine 100MA with stationery

1

Table and chest stand.

2. X-ray machine min. 300MA X-ray machine 1

with IITV with moving table.

3. Ultra sonography with 2 probes. 1

4. Developer and fixer tanks with washing tank 1 unit

5. X-ray view boxes 5

6. Cassette loading unloading table 1

7. Lead divider 2

8. Film Badges or TLD badge for all staff members

& students.

9. Cassette with screen 12”x15” 3

10”x12” 3

8”x10” 3

10. Grid 12x15 size 1

11. Safe light for dark room 2

12. Hangers As per requirement

13. Lead aprons Minimum 4

14. Thyroid shield minimum 4

15. Gonadal shield minimum 2

16. Thermal printer 1

17. Ultra sound examination couch 1

18. CT scan machine/MRI/Monography attached as mentioned

earlier

EQUIPMENT FOR PRACTICAL ROOM AND CLASS ROOM

19. Charts & model____ of cell tissue, respiratory, system, CVS,

Endocrine glands, nervous system, reproductive system,

components of food, atomic structure model.

20. Film Badge 1

21. Ohms law unit 2

22. Spoiled X-ray tube 1

23. Resistance 1

24. Piece of HT Cable 1

25. Spoiled safe light 1

26. Chemical (fixer & developer) one box

each

27. Transformer 1

EQUIPMENT NOT ESSENTIAL

28. Mammography 1

29. MRI 1

30. Automatic processor 1

31. CT Scan 1