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Howard County Master Gardeners "Tried and True" Native Plants Updated Feb.27, 2020 Page 1
Type plant Latin Name Common Name Exposure Moisture*
*
Bloom Time Size Leaves (E=Evergreen, D=Decidious, SE=Semi-
Evergreen)
Grown By
Annual Bidens polylepis Sunflower
tickseed
Sun M to W Late
summer/fall
1-4' D Reseeds so acts like perennial Steve
Annual Coreopsis tinctoria Golden tickseed Sun to part
shade
M Late spring to
early summer
1-2' D Reseeds so acts like perennial Anne
Annual Impatiens capensis Jewelweed Part to full
shade
M to W Summer 2-5' D Reseeds so acts like perennial Georgia,
Sylvia
Fern Adiantum pedatum Maidenhair fern Part sun to
shade
M n/a 1-2' D Louisa: Needs rich soil (high in calcium, plus
extra magnesium), Eva: One of my favorites!
Holds up even in drought
Natalie, Pat
H., Judy, Eva
Fern Asplenium
platyneuron
Ebony
spleenwort
Part to full
shade
D to M n/a 6-12” E Judy: Prefers rocky locations Judy
Fern Athyrium filix-femina Lady fern Part sun to
shade
M to W n/a 20-30" D Pat H., Judy,
Eva
Fern Dennstaedtia
punctilobula
Hay scented
fern
Part sun to
shade
M n/a 16-24" D Louisa: Totally deer-resistant, spreads,
aggressive.
Sylvia, Steve,
Pat G., Sharon
Fern Dryopteris
intermedia
Intermediate
woodfern
Part to full
shade
M n/a 1-3’ E Judy: Drought tolerant when established Judy
Fern Dryopteris marginalis Marginal
woodfern
Part to full
shade
M n/a 1.5-3’ E Judy: Drought tolerant when established Judy
Fern Matteuccia
struthiopteris
Ostrich fern Sun to
shade
M to W n/a 2-4' D Andie: Spreads everywhere and becomes a
thug, Pat H.: Will take over where happy,
Holly: I like it as groundcover because it
crowds everything else out, Judy: Easy to pull
where unwanted
Betty, Pat H.,
Clare, Holly,
Judy, Eva
Fern Onoclea sensibilis Sensitive fern Shade to
part shade
M-W n/a 10-24" D Pat H.: Will grow in drier areas but more
slowly and is not as lush
Sylvia, Pat H.,
Betty, Judy
Fern Osmunda
cinnamomea
Cinnamon fern Shade to
part shade
M-W n/a 2-5' D Sylvia, Judy
Howard County Master Gardeners "Tried and True" Native Plants Updated Feb.27, 2020 Page 2Fern Osmunda regalis Royal fern Sun to light
shade
M to W n/a 2-4' D Natalie, Betty,
Pat H., Andie
Fern Parathelypteris
noveboracensis
New York fern part shade M n/a 16-30" D Louisa: "Burns the candle at both ends" like
New Yorkers, narrows at bottom as well as
top of frond
Sylvia, Pat G.
Fern Polypodium
virginianum
Common
polypody
Part to full
shade
M N/A 6-12” E Judy: In wild usually grows on thin layer of
soil on rocks and walls
Judy
Fern Polystichum
acrostichoides
Christmas fern Shade to
part shade
D to M n/a 8-18" SE Mary: Evergreen groundcover, nothing
bothers it, clumping, loves dry, shady slopes,
Judy: good for preventing erosion, drought
resistant after established, Louisa: Mine
never grew much, evergreen but not very
attractive in winter, gets brown and droops;
Barbara: Nice evergreen, easy to propagate;
Sharon: Planted for erosion control on shady
slope
Sylvia,
Natalie, Pat
H., Andie,
Steve, Pat G.,
Holly, Mary,
Judy, Louisa,
Barbara, Eva,
Sharon
Grass Andropogon gerardii Big bluestem Sun M to D Summer 3-9' D Natalie
Grass Deschampsia
cespitosa
Tufted hair grass Sun to part
sun
M Late spring 12-40" D Natalie
Grass Elymus hystrix
(Hystrix patula)
Bottlebrush
grass
Sun to part
shade
M Summer D Judy: growing from seed 8/13, Louisa: May
grow taller - 6-8'? , great for meadows and in
gardens but I don't know how you contain it,
since it spreads instead of forming clumps
Sylvia, Judy
Grass Panicum virgatum Switchgrass Sun to part
sun
M to D Late summer 3-6' D Mary: Love them all Natalie,
Steve, Mary
Grass Panicum virgatum
'Heavy Metal'
Switchgrass
cultivar
Sun to part
sun
M to D Late
summer/fall
3-6' D Andie: Color fantastic and upright over
winter, Holly: ditto, Mary: Beautiful fall color,
withstands ice and snow
Andie, Holly,
Mary
Grass Panicum virgatum
'Shenandoah'
Switchgrass
cultivar
Sun to part
sun
M to D Late
summer/fall
3-6' D Andie: Color fantastic and upright over
winter, Holly: ditto
Andie, Holly
Grass Schizachyrium
scoparium
Little bluestem Sun to part
shade
M to D Summer to fall 1-4' D Andie: Flops over, sprawls, looks messy, hard
to incorporate into garden, Judy: growing
from seed 8/13, less likely to flop in poor soil,
Louisa: Many cultivars available for specific
purposes
Natalie,
Steve, Judy
Howard County Master Gardeners "Tried and True" Native Plants Updated Feb.27, 2020 Page 3Grass Sorghastrum nutans Indiangrass Sun to part
sun
M to D Late summer
and fall
3-5' D Judy: growing from seed 8/13, Louisa: May
grow taller - 6-8'? , great for meadows and in
gardens but I don't know how you contain it,
since it spreads instead of forming clumps
Steve, Judy
Grasslike
(Sedge)
Carex pensylvanica PA sedge Sun to
shade
M to D n/a 6-10" D Natalie, Pat H.
Grasslike
(Sedge)
Carex appalachia Appalachian
sedge
Part to full
shade
D Spring 10-12” D Judy: Drought resistant Judy
Grasslike
(Sedge)
Carex comosa Bristly sedge Sun to part
sun
W n/a 2-4' D Steve
Grasslike
(Sedge)
Carex laxiculmis
'HOBB Bunny Blue'
Bunny Blue'
sedge patented
cultivar
Part shade
to shade
M to W n/a 14-32" D Pat H.
Herbaceous Actaea pachypoda Doll's Eyes Part sun to
shade
M Spring 20-30" D A alba Louisa: Native range is cooler than
our climate
Georgia
Herbaceous Agastache rupestris Sunset hyssop Sun M to D Late
summer/fall
16-24" D Pat: Shrub-like, delicate foliage, long bloom
time, needs good drainage
Pat H.
Herbaceous Amsonia hubrichtii Arkansas
bluestar
Sun to part
sun
M Spring 36" D Eva: Beautiful wispy foliage, nice yellow in fall Eva
Herbaceous Amsonia
tabernaemontana
Eastern
bluestar,
common
bluestar
part sun M Spring 36-40" D Andie: beautiful early spring bloom, attractive
foliage rest of year, Pat G: bright gold fall
foliage, Eva: Love the beautiful blue flowers,
nice plant
Sylvia, Andie,
Pat G., Eva
Herbaceous Anemone virginiana Thimbleweed part sun M Summer 12-30" D Sylvia
Herbaceous Antennaria
plataginifolia
Plantain
pussytoes
Sun to part
sun
M to D Spring 3-6" D A. parlinii ssp. Fallax Natalie: I think this one
is super cute and super easy
Natalie, Anne
Herbaceous Aquilegia canadensis Canada
columbine,
Eastern
columbine
Sun to light
shade
M, Well
drained
Late spring 10-14" D Louisa: A calciphile, indigenous to richer
soils, found on limestone outcrops in
Patapsco Valley State Park; Sharon: Deer
sometimes eat flowers
Georgia, Pat
G, Sylvia,
Betty, Natalie,
Andie, Anne,
Steve, Judy,
Sharon
Howard County Master Gardeners "Tried and True" Native Plants Updated Feb.27, 2020 Page 4Herbaceous Arisaema triphllum Jack-in-the-
pulpit
Shade to
part shade
M-W Spring 12-28" D Louisa: Toxic so should be deer-proof,
flowering depends on previous summer's
sunlight: minimal sunlight, no flower; some
sunlight, male flower; more sunlight, female
flower but needs some shade to survive;
Barbara: easy in shade and beautiful, easy to
propagate by laying seed head in moist,
shady area, Eva: Always some coming up
somewhere in my yard
Sylvia, Pat. G.,
Judy, Barbara,
Betty, Eva,
Sharon
Herbaceous Aruncus dioicus Goat's beard Part sun to
shade
M Late spring,
early summer
3-6' D Natalie: Alternative to astilbe, Louisa: Bloom
period 1 week, during which it was always
covered with bugs
Georgia, Pat
H., Sylvia,
Betty, Natalie,
Pat G., Holly,
Natalie,
Louisa
Herbaceous Asarum Canadense Wild ginger Shade to
part shade
M Spring; hidden
by leaves
6-8" D Cathy: slow growing in shade, Judy: Mine
grows fairly quickly, evenly and thickly in
shade, self-seeds but not aggressively,
Barbara: Easy, Eva: Nice groundcover
Georgia, Pat
H., Betty,
Sylvia,
Natalie,
Cathy, Judy,
Barbara, Eva
Herbaceous Asclepias syriaca Common
milkweed
Sun M Summer 3-6' D Barbara: Unruly, but has beautiful rose pink
flowers which are very fragrant. A few plants
perfume my whole ½ acre yard. Pollinators
love it! Monarchs chose to lay eggs on this
over my other varieties of milkweed; Irene: I
grow only for monarchs but plant seeds
everywhere and can become invasive
Irene,
Barbara,
Betty, Anne
Herbaceous Asclepias incarnata Swamp
milkweed
Sun to part
shade
M to W Summer 2-4' D Louisa: Easy and beautiful, though a wetland
plant, flourishes in good garden soil
Georgia, Pat
H., Pat G.,
Holly, Louisa,
Eva
Howard County Master Gardeners "Tried and True" Native Plants Updated Feb.27, 2020 Page 5Herbaceous Asclepias tuberosa Butterfly weed Sun to part
sun
D to M,
well
drained
Summer 1-3' D Natalie: Can be temperamental and doesn't
always like where it is planted, Pat H.:
Milkweed tussock moth larvae defoliated a
lot of my 15 plants, most started new growth
from bottom but not attractive in garden!,
Cathy: Seems to be struggling, Pat G.: Self
sows but politely, Holly: Doesn't like to be
transplanted, Louisa: Mine died in clay soil,
said to need clean culture (no mulch) and
perect drainage; Barbara: Finicky unless it is
happy where it’s planted; Sharon: Of two
plants about 18" apart one bloomed then
died, the other survived and produced
numerous seed pods
Georgia,
Sylvia, Pat H.,
Natalie,
Cathy, Anne,
Steve, Pat G.,
Holly, Judy,
Louisa,
Barbara,
Betty, Sharon
Herbaceous Aster cordifolius Blue wood aster See Symphyotrichum cordifolium
Herbaceous Aster divaricatus White wood aster See Eurybia divaricata
Herbaceous Aster laevis Smooth aster See Symphyotrichum laeve
Herbaceous Aster novae-angliae New England
aster
See Symphyotrichum novae-angliae
Herbaceous Baptisia australis Wild indigo,
Blue false indigo
Sun to part
sun
M to D Spring 3-4' D Cathy: One bloomed, other not but lots of
leaves, Holly: Rather unremarkable until they
bloom! Has taken a while, but mine have self-
seeded prolifically! ;Mary: Lovely blue
flowers, attractive leaves and seed pods,no
deer damage, Judy: Very attractive foliage;
Louisa: Calciphile, may not like acidic soils or
clayey soils; Barbara: Easy, beautiful in
bloom, otherwise non descript
Natalie,
Cathy, Anne,
Pat G.,Holly,
Mary, Judy,
Barbara, Eva
Herbaceous Baptisia tinctoria Yellow wild
indigo
Sun to part
sun
M to D Summer 2-3' D Eva
Herbaceous Boltonia asteroides False aster Sun to part
sun
W to D Fall 3-4' D Georgia
Herbaceous Caltha palustris Marsh marigold Sun to part
shade
W Spring 1' D Louisa: Many people misidentify lesser
celandine as marsh marigold, which is much
bigger
Steve
Howard County Master Gardeners "Tried and True" Native Plants Updated Feb.27, 2020 Page 6Herbaceous Cardamine
concatenata
Cutleaf
toothwort
Shade M Spring 3-5" D Louisa: Spring ephemeral, all over David
Force Park, exceptionally pretty
Sylvia
Herbaceous Caulophyllum
thalictroides
Blue cohosh Shade M, rich
woods
Spring 2-3' D Louisa: Calciphile. Georgia
Herbaceous Chelone glabra White
turtlehead
Part shade W Late
summer/fall
3' D Cathy: Deer eat flowers, Holly: Has been slow
to establish, I hide mine from deer, Mary:
Deer food, Louisa: Larval host for Baltimore
checkerspot butterfly - if they can find it;
Barbara: This has not thrived for me, the first
batch I bought died out, the plants I have
replanted have survived; Jo Ann: successful in
couryard protected from deer
Sylvia, Cathy,
Anne, Pat G.,
Mary,
Barbara, Jo
Ann, Eva
Herbaceous Chelone lyonii Pink turtlehead Part shade W Late
summer/fall
3' D Barbara: This has thrived for me; Eva: This
native blooms a very long time!
Barbara, Eva
Herbaceous Chelone lyonii 'Hot
Lips'
Pink turtlehead
cultivar
Part shade W Late
summer/fall
3' D Holly: Been slow to establish, I hide mine
from deer; Barbara: This has thrived for me;
Sharon: Blooming in location hopefully
protected from deer
Holly, Betty,
Sharon
Herbaceous Chrysogonum
virginianum
Green and gold Part shade
to shade
M to W Spring, some
rebloom
6-12" SE Mary: Deer like to prune it, but it still blooms,
if not a little lopsided! Judy: Very easy to
grow, can handle some foot traffic; Barbara:
Nice ground cover, a tough plant
Betty, Sylvia,
Natalie, Anne,
Pat H., Mary,
Judy, Barbara,
Jo Ann
Herbaceous Chrysopsis mariana Maryland
golden aster
Sun M to D Late
summer/fall
8-16" D Louisa: Mine died. Sylvia, Louisa
Herbaceous Cimicifuga racemosa Black cohosh or
Black snakeroot
Sun to
shade
M Summer 3-5' D Georgia, Pat
H., Sylvia,
Clare, Natalie,
Eva
Herbaceous Claytonia caroliniana Spring beauty Part shade M Early spring 3-6" D Sylvia
Herbaceous Conoclinium
coelestinum
Mist flower,
Hardy
ageratum, Wild
ageratum
Sun to light
shade
M to W Late summer 2-3' D Cathy: spreads fast, grows wherever it wants,
deer or rabbits eat flower buds; Holly: I love it-
so far has been easy to contain and my
critters don't eat it, Louisa: Exceptionally
pretty
Pat H.. Betty,
Sylvia, Cathy,
Pat G., Holly
Howard County Master Gardeners "Tried and True" Native Plants Updated Feb.27, 2020 Page 7Herbaceous Coreopsis lanceolata Lanceleaf
coreopsis
Sun to
shade
D Early summer 12" D Jo Ann
Herbaceous Coreopsis verticillata Threadleaf
coreopsis
Sun to part
sun
M to Mod
D
Summer 12-26" D Mary: one of my most reliable perennials Georgia,
Natalie, Irene,
Betty, Anne,
Holly, Mary,
Jo Ann, Eva
Herbaceous Dentaria laciniata Cutleaf
toothwort
See Cardamine concatenata
Herbaceous Dicentra canadensis Squirrel corn Part to full
shade
M Spring 6-12” D Judy: Spring ephemeral (goes dormant after
bloom)
Judy
Herbaceous Dicentra cucullaria Dutchman’s
breeches
shade M Spring 3-6" D Judy: Spring ephermeral (goes dormant after
bloom); Louisa: Calciphile
Sylvia, Judy
Herbaceous Dicentra eximia Wild bleeding
heart, Fringed
bleeding heart
Sun to
shade
M Late spring to
fall in flushes
12-18" D Louisa: Prefers cooler climate. Pat H: In wet
summers easily seeds and naturalizes
Georgia,
Clare, Eva, Pat
H.
Herbaceous Erigeron pulchellus Robin’s plantain Part sun M Spring 12-18" D Louisa: Not very pretty. Sylvia
Herbaceous Erythronium
americanum
Trout Lily Shade M in
spring
Spring 8-16" D Judy: Spring ephermeral (goes dormant after
bloom); Louisa: Grows around springs,
seeps, streams, needs abundant water
Anne, Pat G.,
Judy
Herbaceous Eupatorium
coelestinum
Mist flower,
Wild ageratum
See Conoclinium coelestinum
Herbaceous Eupatoriadelphus
dubius
Eastern Joe-Pye
weed, coastal
Joe-Pye weed
Sun to part
shade
M Summer 2-5' D Georgia,
Natalie, Anne,
Pat G.
Herbaceous Eupatoriadelphus
dubium 'Little Joe'
Eastern Joe-Pye
weed cultivar
Sun to part
shade
M Summer 2-5' D Pat H., Betty
Herbaceous Eupatoriadelphus
fistulosus
Hollow
stemmed Joe-
Pye weed
Sun to part
sun
M to W Late summer 3-8' D Mary: Deer chomp on this but it seems to
continue to bloom, too large and aggressive
for small gardens, Louisa: I grew it from seed
collected from a nearby drainage ditch, and it
flourished, less colorful, taller than E.
maculatum.
Georgia,
Sylvia, Anne,
Steve, Mary,
Louisa
Howard County Master Gardeners "Tried and True" Native Plants Updated Feb.27, 2020 Page 8Herbaceous Eupatoriadelphus
purpureum subsp.
maculatum
'Gateway'
Joe-Pye weed
cultivar
Sun to part
sun
M Late summer 4-6' D Barbara: Butterflies love it Barbara
Herbaceous Eupatorium rugosum White snakeroot Sun to light
shade
M Fall 2-4' D Pat H: Pretty delicate white blossoms that last
til frost
Pat H.
Herbaceous Eurybia divaricata White wood
aster
Shade M Fall 1-2' D Cathy: Grows heartily in mostly shade in
spreading wide circle, Louisa: I don't find it
pretty.
Sylvia, Cathy,
Pat G.
Herbaceous Eurybia divaricata
'Eastern Star'
White wood
aster cultivar
Shade M to D Fall 1-2' D Sharon: Grows well in dry, shaded woodland,
deer occasionally eat flowers
Sharon
Herbaceous Gentiana clausa Bottle gentian Part sun to
part shade
M Late summer 1-2' D Eva: Interesting to watch bumblebees going
into closed blue blossoms
Eva
Herbaceous Geranium
maculatum
Wild geranium,
Cranesbill
Sun to light
shade
M at least
in spring
Spring 14-18" D Georgia,
Natalie, Pat
G., Judy, Eva
Herbaceous Goodyera pubescens Downy
rattlesnake
plantain
Part shade D to M Summer 6-18” E Judy: Native orchid Judy
Herbaceous Helenium autumnale Common
sneezeweed
Sun M to W Late
summer/fall
3-5' D Natalie
Herbaceous Helianthus
divaricatus
Woodland
sunflower
Sun to part
shade
D to M Late summer 2-8' D Barbara: Spreads by underground runners,
pretty small sunflower, finches, butterflies
and bees love it
Judy, Barbara
Herbaceous Heliopsis
helianthoides
Oxeye Sun to part
sun
M to D Summer 3-5' D Pat H.: Heavily infested with aphids, survives
and looks better in fall
Georgia, Pat
H., Steve
Herbaceous Heuchera Americana Alumroot Sun to part
shade
M to D Early summer 1-2' D Eva: Not very showy flowers Natalie, Eva
Herbaceous Heuchera villosa Hairy alumroot Part to full
shade
M to D Summer-fall 1-2’ SE Judy: Prefers part shade Judy
Herbaceous Hexastylis virginica Virginia
heartleaf
Part to full
shade
M Spring 3-8” E Judy: Slow-growing groundcover Judy
Herbaceous Hypericum calycinum
'Brigadoon'
Aaron's beard or
St. John's Wort
cultivar
Sun to part
sun
M Late spring to
early sumer
15-18" D Holly: Not thriving, keep moving it Holly
Howard County Master Gardeners "Tried and True" Native Plants Updated Feb.27, 2020 Page 9Herbaceous Iris cristata Dwarf Crested
iris (blue &
white)
Part sun to
sun
M Spring 4-8" D Pat H.: Will slowly spread to form
groundcover, Pat G: Likes morning sun but
will burn in afternoon sun
Sylvia, Pat H.,
Pat G., Judy,
Eva
Herbaceous Iris versicolor Blue flag Sun to part
shade
W Late spring 2-3' D Anne, Steve
Herbaceous Liatris pycnostachya Gayfeather,
Prarie blazing
star
Sun to part
sun
M Summer 8-24" D Sylvia
Herbaceous Liatris spicata Marsh blazing
star, Gayfeather
Sun to part
sun
M to W Summer 2-4' D Pat G,: browsed by deer; Barbara: lovely and
reliable, butterflies love it, rabbits chew on it
Natalie, Irene,
Steve, Pat G.,
Betty
Herbaceous Lilium superbum Turk’s cap lily Sun M to W Summer 3-8' D Judy:Roots need well drained but continually
moist soil
Sylvia, Judy
Herbaceous Lobelia cardinalis Cardinal flower Sun to light
shade
M to W Summer 2-4' D Pat H.: Original plant tends to disappear but
self seeds when happy, Andie: Doesn't stay
where you put it, Mary: I can't wait to see
bloom! Once established, it is beautiful and
really lights up the edge of the woods;
Barbara: Easy to propagate by laying ripe
seed head in soil and pinning it, in the spring
there will be a row of new plants., humming
birds and butterflies love it; Sharon: Deer eat
flowers, hummingbirds love it
Pat H., Sylvia,
Andie, Steve,
Pat G.,Holly,
Betty,
Barbara,
Sharon
Herbaceous Lobelia cardinalis
'Queen Victoria'
Cardinal flower
cultivar
Sun to light
shade
M to W Summer 2-4' D Eva: Beautiful purple foliage, red flowers Eva
Herbaceous Lobelia siphilitica Great blue
lobelia
Sun to part
sun
M to W Late summer 2-3' D Pat H.: Dies out if too heavily mulched;
Barbara: Easy to propagate by laying seed
head in soil, beautiful plant, hummingbirds
visit it
Pat H., Sylvia,
Pat G., Judy,
Jo Ann, Eva
Herbaceous Maianthemum
canadense
Canada
mayflower
Part shade M Spring 2-4" D Sylvia
Herbaceous Maianthemum
racemosum ( formerly
Smilacina racemosa)
Solomon’s
plume, false
Solomon’s seal
Part to full
shade
M Spring 1-3’ D Eva: White flowers at tips followed by berries,
will grow in drier soil
Judy, Eva
Howard County Master Gardeners "Tried and True" Native Plants Updated Feb.27, 2020 Page 10Herbaceous Matelea decipiens Climbing
milkvine
Sun to
shade
M Late spring 6-10’ D Judy
Herbaceous Meehania cordata Meehan’s mint Part to full
shade
M Late spring 3-6” E Judy: Native to PA & VA (but not MD), prefers
part shade, but can even grow in sun if
consistently moist
Judy
Herbaceous Mertensia virginica Virginia
bluebells
Part sun to
shade
M in
spring
Spring 14-20" D Cathy: Spreading throughout shade garden in
ferns, Judy: Spring ephemeral (goes dormant
after bloom)
Georgia,
Sylvia,
Natalie, Pat
H., Betty,
Cathy, Pat G.,
Holly, Judy,
Barbara
Herbaceous Mitchella repens Partridge berry Part sun to
shade
M to D Spring to
summer
1-2" Ev Mary: Great groundcover, evergreen, takes 1-
2 years to get comfortable, but after that it is
a wonderful addition to the shady area under
trees and bushes
Mary
Herbaceous Monarda didyma Oswego tea,
beebalm
Sun to light
shade
M Summer 3-4' D Natalie: I have never seen the straight species
in this, and maybe that is better since it is
probably too aggressive, but 'Jacob Cline',
'Raspberry Wine', and 'Petite Delight' are
lovely, Judy: I have straight species, bright red
and attracts lots of hummingbirds, powdery
mildew can be a problem
Georgia,
Natalie,
Sylvia, Betty,
Steve, Holly,
Judy
Herbaceous Monarda fistulosa Wild bergamot Sun to part
sun
M Summer 1-3' D Pat H,: Spreads but butterflies love it,
mildews late in season but returns
Pat H., Anne,
Pat G.
Herbaceous Monarda fistulosa
'Claire Grace'
Bee balm, wild
bergamot
cultivar
Sun to part
sun
M Summer 1-3' D Andie: Only monarda that doesn't succumb
to mildew in our garden
Andie
Herbaceous Monarda 'Raspberry
Wine'
Oswego tea,
beebalm cultivar
Sun to light
shade
M Summer 3-4' D Pat H.,Bees and butterflies love it, early
blooms, mildews later in season; Barbara:
Lovely scent
Pat H.,
Barbara
Herbaceous Opunta humifusa Eastern prickly
pear
Sun D Summer 8-14" D Mary: Stunning bright yellow flowers in
June...deer hate it (no surprise)
Mary
Herbaceous Osmorhiza claytonii Sweet Cicely Part to full
shade
M Spring 1-3’ D Judy
Howard County Master Gardeners "Tried and True" Native Plants Updated Feb.27, 2020 Page 11Herbaceous Pachysandra
procumbens
Allegheny
spurge
Shade to
part shade
M Spring 6-10" SE Sharon: Have one clump spreading slowly on
dry shady slope
Sylvia, Judy,
Sharon
Herbaceous Packera aurea
(previously Senecio
aureus )
Golden ragwort Sun to
shade
M to D Spring 0.5-2.5’ SE Judy: In full sun requires moist soil, Pat H:
Spreads prolically,beautiful spring show when
planted en masse and naturalized, good
groundcover to compete with weeds
Judy, Pat H
Herbaceous Packera obovata Roundleaf
ragwort
Shade M-W Early spring 1-2' D Sylvia
Herbaceous Panax quinquefolius American
ginseng
Part to full
shade
M Spring 6-18” D Judy
Herbaceous Peltandra virginica Arrow arum Light sun to
light shade
M Spring 2' D Eva: Disappears in heat of summer, returns in
Oct with flush of tropical looking leaves that
stay all winter, head of berries at end of
summer
Eva, Anne
Herbaceous Penstemon digitalis Tall white
beardtongue
Sun to light
shade
M Spring 2-4' D Natalie,
Corliss, Jo Ann
Herbaceous Penstemon smallii Small's
beardtongue
Sun to part
sun
M Spring 2' D Beautiful pale violet flowers, nice seedpods Eva
Herbaceous Persicaria virginiana Tovara, fleece
flower,
jumpseed
Shade to
part shade
M to W Summer-Fall 1-4' D Previously classified Polygonum virginianum
and also Tovara
Marge, Betty,
Judy
Herbaceous Persicaria virginiana
‘Painter’s palette’
Tovara, fleece
flower,
jumpseed
cultivar
Sun to
shade
M Summer-Fall 1-3’ D Judy: Drought tolerant when established, Pat
H.: Spreads prolifically from seed and fairly
aggressively from rhizomes
Judy, Betty,
Pat
Herbaceous Phlox divaricata Wild blue phlox Part sun to
shade
M Spring 12-14" D Louisa: Floodplain plant, needs plenty of
water and probably lime
Georgia, Pat
H., Pat G.
Herbaceous Phlox divaricata 'Blue
Moon'
Wild blue phlox
cultivar
Part sun to
shade
M Spring 12-14" D Beautiful when naturalzied Pat H.
Herbaceous Phlox glaberrima
'Morris Berd'
Smooth phlox
cultivar
Sun to light
shade
M to W Spring 18-24" D Andie: Usually you can find this phlox only as
cultivar 'Morris Berd'
Andie
Herbaceous Phlox paniculata Summer phlox Sun to part
sun
M Mid summer 3-5' D Lisa: Deer often eat buds and flowers; Louisa:
Subject to mildew?
Sylvia, Lisa
Herbaceous Phlox stolonifera Creeping phlox Part to full
shade
M Spring 6-12” SE Eva: Nice groundcover, spreads, blue flowers Eva
Howard County Master Gardeners "Tried and True" Native Plants Updated Feb.27, 2020 Page 12Herbaceous Phlox subulata Moss phlox Sun M Spring 2-6" D Louisa: Popular foundation plant; Sharon:
Several clumps among stepping stones along
shaded pathway
Sylvia, Louisa,
Eva, Sharon
Herbaceous Physotegia virginiana Obedient plant Sun to light
shade
Mod D to
W
Late summer 2-5' D Andie: Spreads too much but bees love it, Pat
G. DON'T!!!
Andie, Betty,
Pat G.
(regrettably)
Herbaceous Podophyllum
peltatum
Mayapple Shade to
part shade
M Spring 8-16" D Louisa: Deer love the flowers; Sharon: Mine
are browsed by deer
Sylvia, Anne,
Pat G., Betty,
Judy, Louisa,
Eva, Sharon
Herbaceous Polemonium reptans Jacob's ladder Part to full
shade
M Spring 15-18" SE Eva: Covered with pale blue flowers, spreads Judy, Eva
Herbaceous Polygonatum
biflorum
Solomon’s seal Shade to
part shade
M to W Spring 1-3' D Sylvia, Betty,
Anne, Pat H.,
Pat G., Judy,
Sharon
Herbaceous Polygonatum
commutatum
Giant Solomon's
seal
Part to full
shade
M to W Late spring 3-6.5’ D Previously Polygonatum biflorum var.
commutatum
Judy
Herbaceous Pycnanthemum
tenuifolium
Narrow-leaved
mountain mint
Sun to part
shade
M to D Mid to late
summer
12-18" D Georgia,
Corliss
Herbaceous Rudbeckia fulgida Orange
coneflower
Sun to part
sun
M Mid summer 20-30" D Georgia,
Sylvia,
Natalie, Pat G.
Herbaceous Rudbeckia hirta Black-eyed
Susan
Sun to part
shade
M Summer 2-3' D Lisa: Deer often eat buds and flowers, Mary:
Deer love it, continue to bloom, but not a
pretty sight, Cullina: "Biennial or short-lived
perennial", Louisa: Yes but self-sows (not
aggressively) so acts like a perennial, drought-
tolerant; Sharon: Deer eat buds and young
blossoms
Sylvia,
Natalie, Anne,
Pat. G., Betty,
Lisa, Judy,
Eva, Sharon
Howard County Master Gardeners "Tried and True" Native Plants Updated Feb.27, 2020 Page 13Herbaceous Rudbeckia lacinata Green or cutleaf
coneflower
Sun to part
shade
M Summer 3-6' D Pat H.: 8' in rainy summer but thick stems
hold up pretty well, goldfinch like seeds;
Louisa: Indigenous to stream sides; Barbara: 6-
8 feet tall. finches, butterflies and pollinators
love it, likes moist sun, mine did not seed for
the 1st 5 years I had it, then this year I got 5
seedlings.
Natalie, Pat
H., Barbara
Herbaceous Rudbeckia triloba Threee-lobed
coneflower
Sun to part
sun
M Late summer 2-3' D Pat G.: Deer eat this one Natalie, Pat G.
Herbaceous Sanguinaria
Canadensis
Bloodroot Part sun to
shade
M Early spring 9-12" D Judy: If mild winter can bloom before spring,
my first herbaceous flower, Louisa: One of
the earliest natives to bloom, handsome
foliage lasts till late summer, Pat H. Foliage
does not last through summer if conditions
too dry but does in moist soil, Eva: Beautiful
white blossoms pop up everywhere,
interesting leaf shape
Georgia,
Sylvia, Pat H.,
Betty, Anne,
Pat G., Judy,
Eva
Herbaceous Sedum telephoides Allegheny
stonecrop, Wild
live-forever
Sun to part
sun
M, well
drained
Late
summer/fall
8-16" E Mary: Does well in dry shade, good ground
cover
Mary
Herbaceous Sedum ternatum Mountain
stonecrop, Wild
stonecrop
Sun to
shade
M, Well
drained
Late spring 4-8" SE Cullina: "One of most shade-tolerant native
sedums", Louisa: Needs shade with plenty of
moisture, very pretty, not a spreader, Eva:
love it in the woodland garden
Natalie, Judy,
Louisa, Eva
Herbaceous Senna marilandica Maryland senna,
Southern wild
senna
Sun to part
shade
M to Mod
dry
Summer 3-7' D Mary: Not one of my favorites, but a pretty
yellow flower in late summer and attractive
leaves, no deer problem, weedy, not for the
small garden
Mary
Herbaceous Silene caroliniana Wild pink Sun to part
sun
M to D Late Spring 4-8" SE Louisa: Flowers quite small. Natalie
Herbaceous Silene virginica Fire pink Sun to part
shade
M Well
drained
Summer 8-14" D Natalie
Howard County Master Gardeners "Tried and True" Native Plants Updated Feb.27, 2020 Page 14Herbaceous Sisyrinchium
angustifolium
Blue-eyed grass Sun M Spring 10-20" D Cathy: Gows easily in spring but gets scruffy
by mid-summer, Louisa: A tiny iris, foliage
grasslike, flops after it blooms so don't think
of it as a substitute for turf grass
Cathy, Anne,
Pat H., Steve,
Judy, Louisa,
Sharon
Herbaceous Solidagao caesia Blue-stemmed
goldenrod,
Wreath
goldenrod
Sun to
shade
M to D Fall 16-50" D Louisa: Delicately pretty woodland
goldenrod, Corliss: Arches in semi-shade,
beautiful combined with Conoclinium
coelestinum
Georgia,
Sylvia
Herbaceous Solidago canadensis Canada
goldenrod
Sun to part
shade
M to D Fall 3-6' D Louisa: Tall, weedy looking Cathy
Herbaceous Solidago nemoralis Gray goldenrod Sun to part
shade
D Summer-Fall 12-36" D Holly
Herbaceous Solidago odora Sweet
goldenrod
Part sun M Early fall 2-5' D Sylvia, Natalie
Herbaceous Solidago rigida Stiff goldenrod Sun to part
sun
M to D Fall 2-5' D Natalie
Herbaceous Spigelia marilandica Indian pink Part sun to
light shade
M Summer 12-18" D Andie: slow to establish but worth the wait;
Eva: amazing blossoms, blooms again in
August
Sylvia, Andie,
Eva
Herbaceous Stylophorum
diphyllum
Celadine poppy Part sun to
shade
M Spring 12-20" D Pat H. When happy can be aggressive, Do not
confuse with Lesser celadine (Ficaria verna -
previously Ranunculus ficaria L ) which is
invasive
Pat H., Betty,
Clare, Pat G.,
Judy, Barbara,
Eva
Herbaceous Symphyotrichum
cordifolium
Heart-leaved
aster, Blue
wood aster
Sun to
shade
M to D Fall 2-3' D Louisa: One of my favorites, love those heart-
shaped leaves.
Pat H., Sylvia,
Louisa
Herbaceous Symphyotrichum
laeve
Smooth aster Sun to part
sun
M to D Fall 1-3' D Louisa: One of the prettiest native asters Natalie
Herbaceous Symphyotrichum
novae-angliae
New England
aster
Sun to part
sun
M Fall 2-6' D Holly: Groundhogs or deer like mine, Louisa:
Another favorite aster, long bloom period
early to mid-fall, I prefer it to New York aster;
Barbara: Butterfly attractant
Natalie, Pat
H., Pat G.,
Louisa,
Barbara
Herbaceous Thalictrum
pubescens
(polygamum)
Tall meadow rue Part shade Wet Summer 3-10' D Louisa: Woodland wildflower, flowers are
green, not showy.
Sylvia
Howard County Master Gardeners "Tried and True" Native Plants Updated Feb.27, 2020 Page 15Herbaceous Tiarella cordifolia Foam flower Shade M Spring 3-10" D Andie: beautiful foliage, pollinators love it in
bloom but spreads, Louisa: Running and non-
running forms are available; Barbara: Nice as
an edge plant, pretty flowers in spring
Sylvia,
Natalie,
Andie, Anne,
Pat G.
Herbaceous Tiarella 'Brandywine' Foam flower
cultivar
Shade M Spring 3-10" E Pat H.:Clumping Pat H.
Herbaceous Tiarella cordifolia
'Pink Skyrocket'
Foam flower
cultivar
Shade M Spring 3-10" E Eva
Herbaceous Tiarella cordifolia
'Running Tapestry'
Foam flower
cultivar
Shade M Spring 3-10" E Pat H.: spreads where happy, even competes
with vinca minor
Pat H.
Herbaceous Tradescantia
virginiana
Virginia
spiderwort
Sun to
shade
M Spring 1-2' D Andie: Gets messy after bloom; Betty: Cut
back after bloom for fall rebloom; Holly: Mine
spreads everywhere but easy to pull out;
Barbara: Nice purple flower
Andie, Betty,
Anne, Holly,
Barbara, Jo
Ann, Eva
Herbaceous Tradescantia
virginiana 'Sweet
Kate'
Virginia
spiderwort
cultivar
Sun to
shade
M Spring 1-2' D Eva: Lime green cultivar Eva
Herbaceous Trillium sessile Toadshade,
Wake robin
Light shade M Spring 6-14" D Pat G., Judy,
Eva
Herbaceous Trillum grandiflorum White trillum Part sun to
light shade
M Spring 8-20" D Andie: slow to establish, Louisa: Make sure
you're not buying wild-collected plants, which
won't survive.
Andie, Anne
Herbaceous Trillum luteum Yellow trillium,
yellow
toadshade
Light shade M Spring 6-14" D Andie: Slow to establish, Louisa: Make sure
you're not buying wild-collected plants, which
won't survive.
Andie, Eva
Herbaceous Uvularia perfoliata Bellwort,
Merrybells
Light shade Rich,
moist
Early spring 6"-20" D Eva: Does well in dry soil once established,
spreads
Eva, Pat H.
Herbaceous Vernonia fasciculata Smooth
ironweed
Sun M to W Late summer 3-5' D Andie: Gets tall, breaks in storms if not staked Andie
Herbaceous Vernonia
noveboracensis
New York
ironweed
Sun to part
sun
M to W Late summer 4-8' D Andie: Gets tall, breaks in storms if not
staked, Louisa: Height may depend on soil
moisture, indigenous to stream banks;
Barbara: Unruly but attracts lots of
butterflies, reseeds easily
Georgia,
Natalie,
Andie, Louisa,
Barbara
Herbaceous Veronicastrum
virginicum
Culver's root Sun to part
sun
M Mid to late
summer
3-6' D Eva: Blooms a long time, have to stake mine Pat H., Eva
Howard County Master Gardeners "Tried and True" Native Plants Updated Feb.27, 2020 Page 16Herbaceous Viola sororia Common blue
violet
Sun to
shade
M Spring 8-18" D Sylvia: I allow some all over the place; all
conditions, Cathy: blooms and spreads
throughout yard, I pull some and leave some.
Louisa: blooms in mild weather, leaves may
disappear in very cold as well as very hot
weather, but plant survives almost anything;
Sharon: Spreads throughout yard, can easily
pull those not wanted
Sylvia, Cathy,
Pat H., Sharon
Herbaceous Zizia aurea Golden
Alexanders
Sun to light
shade
M to W Spring 1-3' D Louisa: Lovely but hard to find in the wild,
hard to grow?
Steve
Shrub Aesculum parviflora Bottle brush
buckeye
Sun to part
shade
M Summer 8' D Eva: Gets 10' wide, erect white blossoms,
palmately large leaves
Eva
Shrub Aronia arbutifolia Red chokeberry Part sun to
sun
W to D Spring 5-10' D Holly: Don't think mine gets enough light,
took several years to bloom and berry. Deer
like to use to rub their antlers in fall; Louisa:
Mine grew very slowly in light shade.
Holly, Louisa,
Eva
Shrub Aronia arbutifolia
‘Brilliantissima’
Red chokeberry
cultivar
Part sun to
sun
W to D Spring 5-10' D Steve
Shrub Callicarpa americana American
beautyberry
Part sun to
sun
M Summer 3-8' D Louisa: Non-native often substituted by
growers
Georgia, Pat
G., Holly
Shrub Calycanthus floridus Sweetshrub,
Carolina allspice
Light shade
to sun
M to D Late spring to
summer
4-10' D Louisa: Leaves are aromatic when you brush
by them; should be quite deer resistant, in
sunny locations will be covered dark-red
flowers, gorgeous; Barbara: the wet year of
2013 the flowers were mildew spotted; Eva:
Nice hedge for privacy but takes frequent
pruning to look nice, suckers can be
troublesome
Andie, Irene,
Louisa,
Barbara, Eva
Shrub Ceanothus
americanus
New Jersey tea Part sun to
sun
Well
drained
Summer 2-3' D Natalie: Small and lovely; Mary: Beautiful but
deer love it, Louisa: Should be drought-
tolerant
Natalie,
Corliss, Mary,
Barbara, Pat
H.Shrub Cephalanthus
occidentalis
Buttonbush Part sun M-W Summer 3-8' D Louisa: Great butterfly nectar plant but odd-
looking.
Sylvia
Shrub Clethra alnifolia Summersweet Sun to light
shade
M to W Summer D Mary: Hummingbirds visit frequently, reliable
plant; Louisa: In MD indigenous to Coastal
Plain, not Piedmont.
Georgia, Pat
H., Sylvia,
Steve, Mary
Howard County Master Gardeners "Tried and True" Native Plants Updated Feb.27, 2020 Page 17Shrub Clethra alnifolia
‘Sixteen Candles’
Summersweet
cultivar
Sun to part
shade
M to W Summer 3-8’ D Judy: Prefers organic soil in part shade, long
bloom season., ‘Sixteen Candles’ is dwarf
cultivar
Judy
Shrub Clethra alnifolia
'Hummingbird'
Summersweet
cultivar
Sun to light
shade
M to W Summer D Pat G.: It is shorter Pat G., Eva
Shrub Clethra alnifolia
'Ruby Spice'
Summersweet
cultivar
Sun to light
shade
M to W Summer D Pat H.: Covered with pollinators in July,
dependable, very fragrant pink flowers
Pat H.
Shrub Comptonia peregrine Sweetfern Part shade
to sun
D Spring (insignif.) 2-4' D Natalie: LOVE this one; U of Conn: not easy to
find, good for erosion control
Natalie
Shrub Fothergilla gardenii Dwarf
fothergilla
Sun to light
shade
M to Mod
W
Spring 3-6' D Judy: Not native to MD, native to
southeastern U.S.; Barbara: Died after 2
years, Pat H.: Beautiful apricot fall color
Pat H., Anne,
Barbara
Shrub Hamamelis
virginiana
Witch hazel Part shade M Fall 8-20' D Pat G.: Good for bees in February Sylvia, Pat H.,
Steve, Pat G,
Holly, Sharon
Shrub Hydrangea
arborescens
Smooth
hydrangea
Part sun to
shade
M Summer 2-4' D Natalie: Nearly impossible to find straight
species, Louisa: Needs abundant moisture
and lime
Natalie
Shrub Hydrangea
arborescens
'Annabelle'
Smooth
hydrangea
cultivar
Part sun to
shade
M Summer 2-4' D Barbara: Lovely plant Pat H.,
Barbara
Shrub Hydrangea
quercifolia
Oakleaf
hydrangea
Sun to light
shade
M to Mod
D
Summer 3-10' D Judy: Not native to MD, native to
southeastern U.S., Louisa: like all hydrangeas,
not attractive in winter; Eva: one of my
favorite shrubs, beautiful all four seasons, Pat
H.: needs deer protection when young
Sylvia, Pat H.,
Betty, Andie,
Pat G.,
Barbara, Eva
Shrub Iilex laevigata Smooth
winterberry
Sun to part
sun
W Late spring to
early summer
10-12' D Mary: Neighbor's trees that I get to
appreciate, gorgeous winter sight, deciduous
with stunning red berries, the last berry the
birds eat in the winter
Mary
Howard County Master Gardeners "Tried and True" Native Plants Updated Feb.27, 2020 Page 18Shrub Ilex glabra Inkberry Sun to part
sun
W to Mod
D
Late spring 3-6' E Natalie: If space is limited 'Compacta' or
'Shamrock' cultviars less leggy and smaller
than species Pat H.: need male and female to
produce berries, species gets very leggy as
they age, Mary: No noticeable deer damage,
very adaptable plant, likes to be pruned to
keep it full, Eastern Bluebirds raid it in the
winter for the berries, Judy: Straight species
and most cultivars tend to get leggy; Pat H: In
2013 MG survey 8 other Master Gardeners
reported succesfully growing this, 4 had
negative experience, some had major
problems with deer, others not,
Natalie, Pat
G.,Lisa, Mary
Shrub Ilex glabra 'Densa' Inkberry cultivar Sun to part
sun
W to Mod
D
Late spring 3-6' E Holly: Planted as part of foundation planting;
so far no complaints, Clare: I had them for a
decade or so, but finally pulled them as they
were a disappointment, anything but dense!
Holly, Clare
Shrub Ilex glabra
'Shamrock'
Inkberry cultivar Sun to part
sun
W to Mod
D
Late spring 3-6' E Barbara: Easy to grow, slow growing; Pat H: In
2013 Master Gardener survey several MG
growing this, some had trouble with deer
damage, especially when newly planted;
Sharon: Have three, all struggling, occasional
deer damage
Mary,
Barbara,
Sharon
Shrub Ilex verticillilla Winterberry Sun to part
shade
M to W Spring 6-10' D Andie: Can be pruned into small tree,
pollinators love it
Sylvia, Andie,
Steve, Pat G.,
Holly
Shrub Ilex verticillilla 'Jim
Dandy'
Winterberry-
male cultivar
Sun to part
shade
M Spring 6-8' D Eva: Cultivar that pollinates Red Sprite, plain
shrub
Eva
Shrub Ilex verticillilla 'Red
Sprite'
Winterberry-
female cultivar
Sun to part
shade
M to W Spring 3' D Eva: full of red berries in the fall, needs Jim
Dandy male cultivar
Eva
Shrub Ilex verticillilla
'Southern Gentleman'
Winterberry-
male cultivar
Sun to part
shade
M to W Spring 6-10' D Pat H,: Good male cultivar for 'Winter Red' Pat H.
Shrub Ilex verticillilla
'Winter Red'
Winterberry-
female cultivar
Sun to part
shade
M to W Spring 6-10' D Pat H.:Set abundant berries first year planted
with male 'Southern Gentleman"
Pat H.
Howard County Master Gardeners "Tried and True" Native Plants Updated Feb.27, 2020 Page 19Shrub Itea virginiana Virginia
sweetspire
Sun to light
shade
W to Mod
D
Spring 3-5' D Pat H.: Dependable,easy Pat H., Betty,
Corliss,
Natalie, CathyShrub Itea virginiana
'Henry's Garnet'
Virginia
sweetspire
cultivar
Sun to light
shade
W to Mod
D
Spring 3-4' D Eva: Three seasons of interest, suckers can be
troublesome
Eva
Shrub Itea virginiana
'Merlot'
Virginia
sweetspire
cultivar
Sun to light
shade
W to Mod
D
Spring 3-4' D Holly: Several season interest, I love it Holly
Shrub Juniperus communis
‘Blueberry Delight’
Common juniper
cultivar
Sun D to M N/A 15-24” E Judy: Dioecious female cultivar; needs male
for berries. Drought tolerant
Judy
Shrub Kalmia angustifolia Sheep laurel shade M Late spring to
summer
16-38" E Judy: Likes acidic soil, difficult to grow if
conditions are not ideal, Louisa: limited to
very special conditions in the wild
Sylvia
Shrub Leucothoe axillaris Coast leucothoe Part sun to
shade
M to Mod
D
Spring 3-4' E Pat H.
Shrub Leucothoe
fontanesiana
Drooping
leucothoe
Part to full
shade
M Late spring 3-6’ E Judy: Somewhat fussy, prefers moist, organic,
well drained acid soil in partial shade
Judy
Shrub Lindera benzoin Spicebush Part sun to
shade
M to W Spring 6-12' D Louisa: Very deer-resistant, foliage aromatic
when you rub it, first native shrub to bloom
in spring, Pat H. I have found needs to be
protected from deer when first planted
although reputation is that it is VERY deer
resistant
Pat H., Sylvia,
Natalie, Pat
G., Holly,
Judy, Louisa,
Barbara, Eva
Shrub Photinia
melanocarpa
Black
chokeberry
Part sun to
sun
W to D Spring 3-8' D Formerly Aronia melanocarpa Natalie
Shrub Physocarpus
oplifolius
Eastern
ninebark,
ninebark
Sun to light
shade
M to D Late spring to
summer
6-12' D Pat H., Steve,
Sharon
Shrub Physocarpus
oplifolius 'Diablo'
Ninebark
cultivar
Sun to light
shade
M to D Late spring to
summer
6-12' D Andie: Ours died from mildew but worth it
while it lasted
Clare, Andie
Shrub Physocarpus
oplifolius 'Mindia'
COPPERTINA
Ninebark
patented
cultivar ('Dart's
Gold' X 'Monlo'
Diablo)
Sun D Spring 5' D Holly: Beautiful blooms, lovely burgandy
color; Mary: Tri-colored leaves, burgundy
stems, pink blooms, yellow flowers, deer will
prune it some, my favorite bush/tree
Holly, Mary,
Judy
Howard County Master Gardeners "Tried and True" Native Plants Updated Feb.27, 2020 Page 20Shrub Physocarpus
opulifolius ‘Golden
Nugget’
Ninebark
cultivar
Sun to part
shade
M to D Spring-summer 6’ D Judy
Shrub Pieris floribunda Fetterbush Shade M Early spring 2-4' E Sylvia
Shrub Rhododendron
catawbiense
Catawba
rhododendron
Partial
shade to
sun
M to D Spring 6-20’ E Judy: Native to VA, not MD Judy
Shrub Rhododendron
maximum
Rosebay, Great
Laurel
Part shade M Early summer 6-10' E Louisa: Native range is cooler, yet I've seen it
in gardens in DC.
Sylvia
Shrub Rhododendron
periclymenoides
Pinxterbloom Sun to light
shade
M Spring 3-8' Andie: Couldn't keep it alive after two
expensive tries, Pat G.:DITTO; Louisa: Needs
very acidic soil, deer love it
Sylvia,
Natalie,
Louisa
Shrub Rhus aromatica Fragrant sumac Sun to part
sun
M to D Spring 3-6' D Cullina: "Good for bank stabilization", Louisa:
Calciphile indigenous to western MD, but I've
seen it thriving in gardens here, looks very
much like poison ivy.
Natalie, Steve
Shrub Rubus odoratus Purple flowering
raspberry
Part shade M Summer 3-6' D Louisa: Indigenous to a cooler climate but
saw one flourishing in Carroll Co.
Sylvia
Shrub Symphoricarpos
orbiculatus
Coralberry Sun to part
shade
M to D Summer 2-5' D Eva: Nice crimson berries in the winter along
stems, wildlife love it, suckers
Eva
Shrub Vaccinium
angustifolium
Lowbush
blueberry
Sun to light
shade
M to D,
well
drained
Spring 8-24" D Louisa: This is not our native wild low
blueberry, which is V. pallidum fmly. V.
vacillans.
Georgia,
Sylvia, Louisa
Shrub Vaccinium
angustifolium 'North
County'
Lowbush
blueberry
Sun to light
shade
M to D,
well
drained
Spring 8-24" D Pat H.
Shrub Vaccinium
corymbosum
Highbush
blueberry
Sun to part
sun
D Spring 5' D Holly: Takes a couple of years to produce,
beautiful fall color, need several to cross-
pollinate for better yield
Holly, Barbara
Shrub Viburnum acerifolium Mapleleaf
viburnum
Shade M Late spring 3-6' D Louisa: In the woods this shrub rarely gets big
- just one stem with a few leaves, great fall
color though.
Sylvia,
Natalie,
Barbara
Shrub Viburnum dentatum Southern
arrowwood
Sun to light
shade
M to dry Late spring 6-12' D Louisa: Great fall color Natalie, Pat
G., HollyShrub Viburnum dentatum
‘Blue Muffin’
Southern
arrowwood
cultivar
Sun to part
shade
D to W Late spring 5-7’ D Judy: Chicago Lustre together with Blue
Muffin flowers more, prefers moist soil, but
adaptable from dry to wet soil
Judy, Pat H.
Shrub Viburnum dentatum
’Chicago Lustre’
Southern
arrowwood
cultivar
Sun to part
shade
D to W Late spring 10-12’ D Judy: Chicago Lustre together with Blue
Muffin flowers more, prefers moist soil, but
adaptable from dry to wet soil
Judy
Howard County Master Gardeners "Tried and True" Native Plants Updated Feb.27, 2020 Page 21Shrub Viburnum nudum Possum haw Sun to light
shade
W to Mod
Dry
Spring 6-12' D Louisa: Indigenous only to coastal plain in
MD.
Pat H., Natalie
Shrub Viburnum nudum
'Winterthur'
Possum haw
cultivar
Sun to light
shade
M Spring 6-8' D Pat H: No berries until I planted straight
species Viburnum nudum , Eva: love the shiny
leaves!
Holly, Pat H.,
Eva
Shrub Viburnum opulus var
americanum
trilobum
American
cranberrybush
Sun, part
sun
M to W Late spring, e
summer
5-15' D Louisa: Indigenous to mountains in MD Pat H., Clare,
Louisa
Shrub Viburnum
prunifolium
Black haw Sun to light
shade
W Early spring 8-15' D Louisa: Highly recommended, great flowers,
fall color, interesting bark, small tree
Sylvia, Pat H.,
Steve, Louisa
Tree Acer rubrum Red maple Sun to light
shade
W to D,
prefers
moist
Spring 40-75' D Andie: Only disadvantage is prolific seeding,
Louisa: many cultivars available
Andie, Anne,
Pat H.,Holly,
Judy, Sharon
Tree Acer saccharum Sugar maple Sun to light
shade
M Spring 60-80' D Sharon
Tree Amelanchier arborea Downy
serviceberry
Part shade
to sun
M to D Early spring 20-30' D Needs well drained soil Natalie, Steve
Tree Amelanchier
canadensis
Canada
serviceberry or
Shadbush
Part shade
to sun
W to Mod
D
Early spring 10-20' D Pat G.: Unsure which serviceberry I have--
came from Howard County native tree
giveaway, Pat H. mine slow to establish,
Louisa: Growers often confuse them
Natalie,
Cathy, Anne,
Pat H.
Tree Amelanchier laevis Allegheny
serviceberry
Part shade
to sun
M to D Early spring 25-40' D Natalie, Eva
Tree Asimina triloba Paw paw Part shade
to sun
M fertile Spring 8-25' D Natalie: One of my favorites Pat H.: Need
two for pollination; Louisa: Totally deer-
resistant (except fruits!), may sucker;
Barbara: Have had several years, so far no
zebra swallowtail activity, no fruit either but
so far only one bloomed
Natalie,
Louisa,
Barbara
Tree Betula nigra River birch Sun to part
shade
M to W n/a 60-80' D Holly: Has all-season interest, high wildlife
value, but can be messy with twigs and self-
seeds prolifically in mulch; Lisa: Lovely
clumped tree, loves wet feet, great for swales
to absorb runoff
Andie, Pat H.,
Pat G., Holly,
Lisa
Howard County Master Gardeners "Tried and True" Native Plants Updated Feb.27, 2020 Page 22Tree Carpinus caroliniana American
hornbeam,
Musclewood
Part shade
to shade
M to W Late spring 15-20' D Louisa: Beautiful bark and form, Pat H. slow
grwoing understory tree.
Pat H., Judy,
Eva, Sharon
Tree Carya glabra Pignut hickory Sun to part
shade
D to M Spring 50-60’ D Judy
Tree Carya ovata Shagbark
hickory
Part sun to
sun
M to Mod
D
Spring 70-100' D Louisa: Indigenous to cooler climate. Our
local shaggy native is C. ovalis, not as shaggy,
grows in moist shade. C. alba imost
adaptable; use C. glabra in dry soil and C.
cordiformis in wetter areas
Natalie
Tree Cercis canadensis Eastern red bud Sun M Early to late
spring
12-25' D Andie: Bees love it in spring, Cathy: Growing
fast in shade to some sun, Louisa: Tolerates
high pH, e.g. can grow in regularly limed lawn
Natalie, Pat
H., Betty,
Andie, Cathy,
Anne, Pat G.,
SharonTree Cercis canadensis
'Forest Pansy"
Eastern red bud
cultivar
Sun M Early to late
spring
12-25' D Eva: beautiful purple foilage that turns green
later in the season
Eva
Tree Chionanthus
virginicus
Fringetree Part shade
to sun
W to Mod
D
Late spring 10-20' D Lisa: Lovely, mature trees already on
property, Louisa: Our MOST BEAUTIFUL
native tree; highly fragrant, too, dioecious
both sexes produce beautiful flowers, need
both for pollination if you want fruit (purple
olives, not edible) but most people don't
care.
Natalie, Anne,
Betty, Lisa,
Louisa
Tree Cornus alternifolia Pagoda
dogwood
Sun to part
shade
M to W Late spring 10-25' D Louisa: Calciphile, needs moist shade,
doesn't seem to get anthracnose; Barbara:
This is the first year it bloomed, pretty white
flowers, birds ate all the berries as soon as
they were ripe
Natalie,
Barbara
Tree Cornus florida Flowering
dogwood
Sun to part
shade
M Spring 12-20' D Lisa: Our mature trees succumbing to
anthracnose, Pat H. Ditto, Louisa: New
anthracnose-resistant cultivar 'Appalachian
Spring' - found healthy amid thousands of
dead dogwoods on Catoctin Mtn.
Unfortunately not tolerant of urban
heat/sun.
Natalie, Pat
H., Andie,
Anne, Pat G.,
Lisa, Judy,
Louisa, Eva,
Sharon
Tree Diospyros virginiana Persimmon Sun to part
sun
M to D Late spring 30-50' D Louisa: Tolerates high pH but adaptable,
great fall color and bark
Steve
Howard County Master Gardeners "Tried and True" Native Plants Updated Feb.27, 2020 Page 23Tree Fagus grandifolia American beech Sun to
shade
M Spring 50-80’ D Judy
Tree Ilex opaca American holly Sun to part
shade
M Spring 15-40' E Lisa: Deer browse some years and others not,
as high as 5'5" from ground, Louisa:
Dioeceous, for berries, you'll need to find a
place for a male, too
Sylvia, Anne,
Pat G. , Lisa,
Judy, Barbara
Tree Juglans nigra Black walnut Sun M Spring 50-100’ D Judy: Produces juglone, a chemical toxic to
some plants
Judy, Pat H.
Tree Juniperus virginiana Eastern red
cedar
Sun to part
sun
M to D Spring 15-35' E Louisa: Form is variable, can be very odd but
this has allowed many cultivars to be
propagated , some stay just a few feet wide
Anne
Tree Liriodendron
tulipifera
Tulip tree Sun M Spring 60-90’ D Sharon: Shed leaves in dry weather Judy, Pat H.,
Sharon
Tree Magnolia virginiana Sweetbay
magnolia
Sun to part
sun
M to W Late spring,
early summer
20-60' SE Hollly: This is my favorite small tree, lemon
scented blossoms in late spring! Louisa:
Though a swamp tree, will grow in good,
moist garden soil.
Anne, Howard
County
Conservancy,
Steve, Holly,
Judy, Barbara,
Eva
Tree Magnolia virginiana
var. australis ‘Sweet
Thing’
Sweetbay
magnolia
cultivar (dwarf)
Sun to part
shade
M to W Spring-summer 12’ SE Judy: Naturally selected compact dwarf with
shrub-like habit
Judy
Tree Nyssa sylvatica Black gum Sun to light
shade
M to W Spring 30-60' D Louisa: Late to leaf out, early to color and
lose leaves in fall, great fall color, textured
bark, local trees have pink fall color; nurseries
sell trees from Florida that turn scarlet.
Natalie, Steve
Tree Oxydendrum arborea Sourwood Sun to light
shade
M to Mod
D
Summer 15-30' D Louisa: Indigenous to southern Appalachians
so don't expect it to grow as well here.
Natalie, Clare
Tree Prunus serotina Wild cherry,
Black cherry
Sun to part
sun
M to Mod
D
Late spring 50-70' D Louisa: Not an ornamental tree, self-sows
VERY aggressively.
Anne, Pat H.,
Pat G., Judy,
Eva, Sharon
Howard County Master Gardeners "Tried and True" Native Plants Updated Feb.27, 2020 Page 24Tree Quercus alba White oak Sun to part
sun
M to D Spring 60-80' D Lisa :Lovely, mature trees already on
property, Louisa: Grows rapidly in full sun
when young, widely adapted.
Natalie, Lisa,
Judy, Sharon
Tree Quercus
muehlenbergii
Chinquapin oak Sun D to M Spring 35-50' D Natalie
Tree Quercus palustris Pin oak Sun, part
sun
M Spring 50-80' D Lisa: Growing slowly; Barbara: Branches
droop so not the best tree for a yard, tree
trimmers pruned it nicely so that mower
could get under
Lisa, Pat H.,
Barbara
Tree Quercus phellos Willow oak Sun to part
sun
M to Mod
D
Spring 60-80' D Louisa: Tolerant of drought and urban
conditions, good street tree.
Natalie,
Barbara
Tree Quercus rubra Northern red
oak
Sun to part
sun
M Spring 60-80' D Louisa: I think growth form varies with soil
moisture, best to grow from seed.
Pat H., Judy,
Eva
Tree Quercus stellata Post oak Sun D, well
drained
Spring 25-50' D Lisa: Lovely, mature trees already on property Lisa
Tree Quercus velutina Black oak Sun D to M Spring 60-80' D Lisa: Lovely, mature trees already on property Lisa
Tree Salix nigra Black willow Sun W Spring 66-138' D Lisa: Loves wet feet, great for swales to
absorb runoff
Lisa
Tree Tilia americana American
basswood,
American linden
Sun to part
shade
M Early summer 50-80' D Louisa: Around here likely to be attacked by
leaf-miners every summer.
Natalie, Holly
Tree Tsuga canadensis Eastern hemlock Part to full
shade
M N/A 40-70’ E Judy: Needs periodic spraying with
horticultural oil/soap to keep wooly adelgid
at bay
Judy
Vine Lonicera
sempervirens
Coral
honeysuckle,
Trumpet
honeysuckle
Sun to part
sun
M Late spring to
early winter
15-20' SE Mary: Deer damage mild and usually on a
young plant, long-blooming, I had one year
when it started blooming on March 23 and
continued until frost! Louisa: Semi-evergreen,
flowers prolifically in full sun, attracts
hummingbirds; Barbara: Blooms March into
December
Sylvia, Corliss,
Anne, Pat G.,
Holly, Judy,
Louisa,
Barbara
Vine Parthenocissus
quinquefolia
Virginia creeper W to D Early summer 4-40' D Sylvia: I allow some all over the place; all
conditions, Lisa: Won't do damage to bricks
and mortar but does leave marks on painted
surfaces, Louisa: Attractive but very
aggressive
Sylvia, Pat H.,
Pat G., Lisa,
Judy
Howard County Master Gardeners "Tried and True" Native Plants Updated Feb.27, 2020 Page 25
Vine Passiflora
incarnata
Purple
passionflower
Sun to
part shade
D to M Summer Up to
25'
D Barbara: Beautoful purple flowers; bees
and butterflies love it, can take over
easily, spread vigorously, host plant for
variegated fritillary, fragrant
Barbara
**Moisture abbreviations: M=Moist, D=Dry, W=Wet Master Gardeners: Natalie Brewer, Georgia Eacker, Marge Filbert, Corliss Glennon, Pat Greenwald, Pat Hooker, Sylvia Huestis, Judy Fulton, Holly McFarland, Irene MacDonald, Cathy Latham, Clare Openshaw, Andie Phillips, Betty Rice, Eva Roswell, Anne Roy, Jo Ann Russo, Sharon Smith, Mary Streb, Louisa Thompson, Barbara White and Lisa Wingate, Versar: Steve Harriott, Cullina quotes from William Cullina native plant books: Wildflowers, (2002) and Native Trees Shrubs & Vines (2002) Houghton Mifflin
Howard County MD Master Gardeners University of Maryland Extension
3300 North Ridge Rd Ellicott City, MD 21043 410-313-1913 The University of Maryland Extension programs are open to any person and will not discriminate against anyone because of race, age, sex, color, sexual orientation, physical or mental disability, religion, ancestry, national origin, marital status, genetic information, political