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How to Write a Literature Review & Abstract: Dr. Mario Guerrero
10/17/2019
1
Dr. Mario GuerreroThursday, October 17
Agenda: 1. What is a literature review?2. Using the library to do a
literature review3. Literature review strategies4. What about the abstract?
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
What is a literature review?
The literature review is a critical, often overlooked, component of good research.
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
On the shoulders of giants
Good research builds off the work of existing studies, leading us to the
gradual development of knowledge in
academia.
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
When do I do the literature review?
Question/Problem
Argument
Literature Review
Methodology
Analysis
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
DEFINITION. The literature review is an ANALYTIC summary of the past
work relevant to your topic.
OBJECTIVE. To explain the context behind your research question/problem and to lay the logic for your argument.
Literature Review
Students have trouble with the literature review because it’s a very specific task that requires a
different type of writing.
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
a
“Literature” just does not include any source you can find. The review
focuses mostly on “peer reviewed” sources.
Academic journals
Books
A literature review covers…
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How to Write a Literature Review & Abstract: Dr. Mario Guerrero
10/17/2019
2
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
And finally…
A literature review is not a list of books and journal
articles. You have to analyze how these sources are thematically connected.
A good literature review can have anywhere from 15‐60 sources.
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
All your resources are found here!
Using the library to do a literature review
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
Using the library to do a literature review
You should think of the library has having multiple search engines for millions
of potential sources.
Keywords are very important, including “exact phrases”
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
Library Resources: Books
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
Library Resources: OneSearch
The CPP Library has “OneSearch”, a
database where you can search for books. We have access to books in
our stacks, but also eBooks and the libraries of all
other 22 CSU campuses.
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
Library Resources: Books
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How to Write a Literature Review & Abstract: Dr. Mario Guerrero
10/17/2019
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Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
Library Resources: Journal Articles
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
Library Resources: Journal Articles
This helps you navigate to the main page of the journal, where you can
only search that journal’s content.
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
Library Resources: Document Delivery
If we do not have access to a specific journal article, the library will find it for you, free of
charge! Never pay for access!
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
Library Resources: Databases
Cal Poly Pomona has access to almost 200 different databases.
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
Databases are incomplete listings of articles and books, both scholarly and non‐scholarly, but you should be looking everywhere for sources.
•Academic Search Premier• JSTOR•Web of Science (SSCI)•Google Scholar•Proquest
Library Resources: Databases
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
Ultimately, you are hoping to collect sources in an attempt to tell a story about the literature.
Wait… what are we doing again?
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How to Write a Literature Review & Abstract: Dr. Mario Guerrero
10/17/2019
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Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
There are multiple ways to organize a literature review:• Areas of consensus in the literature• Areas of disagreement in the literature• Definition and measurement of key concepts• Data sources other researchers have used• Comparison of research designs of previous studies• Identify gaps or existing questions in the literature• The identification of theoretical vs. empirical approaches
It is ultimately up to you in how you want to decide to organize the literature review. You can do it any way you see fit.
How do you tell this story?
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
Literature Review Strategies
As the literature review is a specific
task, there are certain strategies to think
about before starting the literature review.
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
Style
In David Mayhew’s Congress: The Electoral Connection, he argues that congressmembers
focus all their efforts on re‐election.
Mayhew (1976) argues that congressmembers focus all their efforts on re‐election.
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
Citations
A good literature review necessitates careful
attention and organization with citations.
The university offers support for Zotero.
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
Start with an annotated bibliography
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
Organization
In the introduction to the literature
review, have a road map that tells the reader how you
have organized the sources.
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How to Write a Literature Review & Abstract: Dr. Mario Guerrero
10/17/2019
5
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
Organization
“Legal theorists have thoroughly discussed the concept of privacy. One group of theorists argues that privacy should be defined in strict accordance with individual rights. Another group argues that privacy should be defined in reference to governmental concerns. However, these scholars fail to recognize the lack of such a definition in the Constitution. This paper contributes to the literature by suggesting the Constitution provides an entirely different definition of privacy.”
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
The Literature Review!
By keeping organized and understanding the style of these papers, a literature review can be a rewarding
synthesis of the prior research that lays the groundwork for your
project.
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
What about the abstract?
The abstract is also often overlooked, but it is a short
paragraph (5‐8 sentences) that describes your research.
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
Why are abstracts so difficult to write?
There are no formal rules to write an abstract and sometimes you are asked for an abstract before the research is finished.
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
What should the abstract include?
•The argument of your research•The method used to gather evidence•The findings
Think of the abstract as the “trailer for your movie”. How can you communicate the point of your research in a simple
and straightforward way?
Dr. Mario Guerrero (@marioguerrero) 10/17/19: Literature Reviews & Abstracts
What is a lit review? Using the library Lit Review Strategies Abstracts
Questions?
Professor Mario [email protected] 94‐303
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