How To Use The WMI Interfaces With Windows Virtualization Pierre Jacomet Senior Program Manager Windows Virtualization Microsoft Corporation

How To Use The WMI How To Use The WMI Interfaces With Windows Interfaces With Windows Virtualization Virtualization

Pierre JacometPierre JacometSenior Program ManagerSenior Program ManagerWindows VirtualizationWindows VirtualizationMicrosoft CorporationMicrosoft Corporation

GoalsGoals

After this presentation you willAfter this presentation you willHave a clear idea of Microsoft’s management Have a clear idea of Microsoft’s management approach to virtualization servicesapproach to virtualization services

Have a high level understanding on the Have a high level understanding on the virtualization services WMI interfacevirtualization services WMI interface

Have a better idea of how you can integrate Have a better idea of how you can integrate your product with virtualization servicesyour product with virtualization services

For managing purposesFor managing purposes

To integrate your hardwareTo integrate your hardware

AgendaAgenda

IntroductionIntroduction

Computer systemsComputer systems

Management serviceManagement service

Resources and resource poolsResources and resource pools

Virtual system settingsVirtual system settings

Runtime instance of a VMRuntime instance of a VM

SnapshotsSnapshots

Code examplesCode examples

Introduction To WMIIntroduction To WMI

WMI – Windows Management Interface is WMI – Windows Management Interface is Microsoft’s implementation of DMTF WBEMMicrosoft’s implementation of DMTF WBEM

DMTF = Distributed Management Task ForceDMTF = Distributed Management Task ForceWBEM = Web Based Enterprise ManagementWBEM = Web Based Enterprise Management

Object oriented approach to systems Object oriented approach to systems manageabilitymanageability

Uses DMTF CIM – Common Information ModelUses DMTF CIM – Common Information Model

Microsoft is working in the DMTFMicrosoft is working in the DMTFDefining virtualization management profileDefining virtualization management profile

WMI interface is subject to changeWMI interface is subject to changeDMTF changesDMTF changesOngoing Microsoft development workOngoing Microsoft development work

WMI Value PropositionWMI Value Proposition

WMI is the interface that applications use to WMI is the interface that applications use to manage all aspects of Windows virtualization manage all aspects of Windows virtualization servicesservices

WMI is consumer agnosticWMI is consumer agnosticCan be accessed remotely by WS-Management, Can be accessed remotely by WS-Management,

Programmable via C++, WSH, .NET Programmable via C++, WSH, .NET

Hardware manufacturers benefit from Hardware manufacturers benefit from understanding WMIunderstanding WMI

Understand how their hardware can participate within Understand how their hardware can participate within overall Windows virtualization services manageability overall Windows virtualization services manageability

Introduction To CIMIntroduction To CIMCommon Information ModelCommon Information Model

Object-oriented information modelObject-oriented information modelProvides a conceptual framework for describing Provides a conceptual framework for describing management data management data

For computing and business entitiesFor computing and business entities

In Internet, enterprise and service provider environmentsIn Internet, enterprise and service provider environments

FormalismFormalismUML – Universal Modeling LanguageUML – Universal Modeling Language

MOF – Managed Object FormatMOF – Managed Object Format

CIMOM – CIM object managerCIMOM – CIM object managerImplements CIMImplements CIM

WMI includes a CIMOM componentWMI includes a CIMOM component

CIM SchemaCIM Schema

Schemas are building blocks of CIMSchemas are building blocks of CIMDescribe and represent manageabilityDescribe and represent manageability

Core modelCore modelCapture notions applicable to all Capture notions applicable to all management areasmanagement areas

Common modelsCommon modelsCapture notions common to particular Capture notions common to particular management areasmanagement areas

Independent of any particular implementationIndependent of any particular implementation

CIM CIM Common modelsCommon models

AppsApps

DatabaseDatabase

DeviceDevice

EventEvent

InteropInterop

MetricsMetrics

NetworkNetwork

PhysicalPhysical

PolicyPolicy

SupportSupport

SystemSystem

UserUser

VirtualizationVirtualization

DMTF Management ProfileDMTF Management Profile

Specification that defines the CIM model Specification that defines the CIM model and associated behavior for a and associated behavior for a management domainmanagement domain

Use small subset of full CIM schemaUse small subset of full CIM schema

Within management domain definesWithin management domain definesClasses, associations, etc.Classes, associations, etc.

Requirements regarding above classesRequirements regarding above classesand associationsand associations

CIM Virtualization ProfileCIM Virtualization Profile

Specification that defines the CIM model Specification that defines the CIM model and behavior for virtualization and behavior for virtualization management domainmanagement domainDepends on CIM core modelDepends on CIM core model

Core includes basic classes, associations, Core includes basic classes, associations, indications, methods and propertiesindications, methods and properties

Implemented by Windows virtualization Implemented by Windows virtualization WMI providerWMI provider

CIM Virtualization ProfileCIM Virtualization Profile General Design ApproachGeneral Design Approach

Model interoperable with other Model interoperable with other virtualization platformsvirtualization platforms

Virtual resources modeled in the same Virtual resources modeled in the same way as their physical counterpartsway as their physical counterparts

Virtual aspects abstracted into Virtual aspects abstracted into associated classesassociated classes

CIM Virtualization ProfileCIM Virtualization ProfileNote on name differencesNote on name differences

Throughout this presentation please Throughout this presentation please note the followingnote the following

Usage of word “Host” or “Physical” maps to Usage of word “Host” or “Physical” maps to parent partition or the computer system parent partition or the computer system running in the parent partitionrunning in the parent partition

Main Virtualization ObjectsMain Virtualization Objects

Computer systemsComputer systemsDescribe both physical and virtual computersDescribe both physical and virtual computers

Management serviceManagement serviceControls all aspects of the lifecycle of a VMControls all aspects of the lifecycle of a VM

Virtual system settingsVirtual system settingsRepresent a VM or a snapshotRepresent a VM or a snapshot

Resources and resource poolsResources and resource poolsRepresent resourcesRepresent resources

AgendaAgenda







SnapshotsSnapshots


Computer SystemsComputer Systems

Physical or virtualPhysical or virtualVM is a computer systemVM is a computer system

Host is a computer systemHost is a computer system

CIM_ComputerSystem

(Physical)

CIM_ComputerSystem

(Virtual)

Computer SystemsComputer SystemsLinking Physical to VirtualLinking Physical to Virtual

Hosted Dependency association Hosted Dependency association links VM computer system to Host links VM computer system to Host computer systemcomputer system

Host

Computer System

VM-1

Computer System

VM-2

Computer System

VM-3

Computer System

Hosted DependencyHosted Dependency

Computer SystemsComputer SystemsVirtual SystemsVirtual Systems

All virtual aspects abstracted into a All virtual aspects abstracted into a virtualization specific objectvirtualization specific object

Virtual

Computer System

Virtual System

Setting Data

Element Setting DataElement Setting Data

Host

Computer System


Virtual System LifecycleVirtual System Lifecycle(Or possible states a VM can be in)(Or possible states a VM can be in)

DefinedDefinedInitial state, resource usage described by Initial state, resource usage described by configuration, resources not allocated except for disksconfiguration, resources not allocated except for disks

ActiveActiveVM is running, all resources are allocatedVM is running, all resources are allocated

PausedPausedVM is paused, all resources remain allocatedVM is paused, all resources remain allocated

SuspendedSuspendedVM resources are de-allocated, state is persistedVM resources are de-allocated, state is persisted

Virtual SystemVirtual SystemState transitionsState transitions

VM defined

VM active

VM paused

VM suspended

Starting

state

End

state

AgendaAgenda







SnapshotsSnapshots


Management ServiceManagement Service

Full name: Virtual System Management Full name: Virtual System Management Service (VSMS)Service (VSMS)Central object in virtualization profileCentral object in virtualization profile

Needed to access and manage virtualization Needed to access and manage virtualization services exposed by a host systemservices exposed by a host system

Exposes operations to manage Exposes operations to manage VM lifecycleVM lifecycle

Define virtual systemDefine virtual systemModify virtual systemModify virtual systemRequest State ChangeRequest State ChangeOthersOthers

Management ServiceManagement ServiceRelationship to hostRelationship to host

VSMS is just another serviceVSMS is just another serviceScoped by Hosting computer systemScoped by Hosting computer system

Associated to host via Hosted ServiceAssociated to host via Hosted Service

VSMS is specialVSMS is specialAssociated to host via Associated Virtual System Associated to host via Associated Virtual System Management Service Management Service

Host

Computer System

Virtual System

Management Service

Associated Virtual System Management ServiceAssociated Virtual System Management Service

Hosted ServiceHosted Service

VSMS Discovering VSMS Discovering CapabilitiesCapabilities

Virtual System Management Capabilities class Virtual System Management Capabilities class describes VSMS implementation leveldescribes VSMS implementation level

Optional methodsOptional methods

Indication supportIndication support

Asynchronous operations supportAsynchronous operations support

Virtual System

Management Service

Virtual System

Management CapabilitiesElement CapabilitiesElement Capabilities

AgendaAgenda







SnapshotsSnapshots


ResourcesResources

Physical or virtual resources Physical or virtual resources have the same representationhave the same representation

Include items likeInclude items likeMemoryMemory

NetworkNetwork

PortsPorts

Allocated from resource poolsAllocated from resource pools

Resource PoolsResource Pools

Managed by resource pool Managed by resource pool configuration serviceconfiguration service

One allocated for a each device typeOne allocated for a each device type

May be hierarchicalMay be hierarchical

Central class for virtual device allocationsCentral class for virtual device allocationsVirtual resources are allocated from Virtual resources are allocated from resource poolsresource pools

Resource PoolsResource PoolsResource pool configuration serviceResource pool configuration service

Host System

Resource Pool

Configuration Service

Resource Pool

Configuration Capabilities

Resource Pool

Virtual ResourceHost Resource

Hosted ServiceHosted Service

Element Element CapabilitiesCapabilities

Service Affects Service Affects ElementElement

Concrete Concrete ComponentComponent

Allocated From Allocated From PoolPool

System DeviceSystem Device

Hosted Hosted Resource PoolResource Pool

Host Computer SystemHost Computer SystemInstance diagramInstance diagram

Host has resourcesHost has resourcesProcessor, memoryProcessor, memory

Host resources Host resources go into poolsgo into pools

Host

Computer System

Processor

Resource Pool

NIC

Resource Pool

Memory

Resource Pool

Hosted Resource PoolHosted Resource Pool

Concrete Comp.Concrete Comp.

Processor

Memory

NIC

System System

DeviceDevice

AgendaAgenda

WMI introductionWMI introduction






SnapshotsSnapshots


Virtual System SettingsVirtual System Settings

Virtual aspects of a Computer systemVirtual aspects of a Computer system

One instance for each different One instance for each different configuration settings for a VMconfiguration settings for a VM

Active stateActive state

Snapshots – 0 or moreSnapshots – 0 or more

Associated with resource allocation Associated with resource allocation settings for VMsettings for VM

Resource Allocation Resource Allocation Setting DataSetting Data

Represents settings of a single resourceRepresents settings of a single resource

One instance for each different One instance for each different device settingsdevice settings

ActiveActive

Snapshots – 0 or moreSnapshots – 0 or more

Virtual Computer SystemVirtual Computer SystemInstance diagramInstance diagram

Virtual Virtual System has System has virtual virtual devicesdevicesVirtual Virtual system system settings and settings and Resource Resource allocation allocation settings track settings track allocationsallocations

VirtualComputer System

Processor

Memory

NIC


Virtual System Settings(Active)


ResourceAllocation

Setting

ResourceAllocation

Setting

ResourceAllocation

Setting

Vir

tua

l S

ys

tem

Se

ttin

g D

ata

Co

mp

on

en

tV

irtu

al

Sy

ste

m S

ett

ing

Da

ta C

om

po

ne

nt

System System DeviceDevice

AgendaAgenda

WMI introductionWMI introduction






SnapshotsSnapshots


Running VM InstanceRunning VM InstanceDiagramDiagram

Host

Computer System

Processor

Memory

NIC



NIC

ProcessorResource pool

NICResource pool

MemoryResource pool

ResourceAllocation

Setting

ResourceAllocation

Setting

ResourceAllocation

Setting

Allocated from PoolAllocated from Pool


Processor

Memory

AgendaAgenda







SnapshotsSnapshots


SnapshotsSnapshotsDefinitionDefinition

Represents point in time configurationRepresents point in time configurationof a VM including it’s resourcesof a VM including it’s resources

In CIM termsIn CIM termsA Virtual System Settings Data structureA Virtual System Settings Data structure

All of the associated Resource Allocation All of the associated Resource Allocation Setting Data elementsSetting Data elements

Virtual System Settings(Snapshot @ t-2)

ResourceAllocation

Setting

ResourceAllocation

Setting

ResourceAllocation

Setting

Snapshots CreationSnapshots CreationSimplified instance diagramSimplified instance diagram


Processor

Memory

NIC



ResourceAllocation

Setting

ResourceAllocation

Setting

ResourceAllocation

Setting


ResourceAllocation

Setting

ResourceAllocation

Setting

ResourceAllocation

Setting

Applying A SnapshotApplying A Snapshot

Client enumerates snapshots using Client enumerates snapshots using Element Setting Data aggregationElement Setting Data aggregation

Selects snapshot that she/he wants Selects snapshot that she/he wants to applyto apply

Invokes ApplySnapshot() method Invokes ApplySnapshot() method of VSMSof VSMS

Snapshot recorded values become Snapshot recorded values become current valuescurrent values

Virtual System SettingsSnapshot (t-2)

ResourceAllocation

Setting

ResourceAllocation

Setting

ResourceAllocation

Setting


ResourceAllocation

Setting

ResourceAllocation

Setting

ResourceAllocation

Setting

Applying A SnapshotApplying A SnapshotSimplified instance diagramSimplified instance diagram


Processor

Memory

NIC



ResourceAllocation

Setting

ResourceAllocation

Setting

ResourceAllocation

Setting

Apply Snapshot

AgendaAgenda







SnapshotsSnapshots


Common Code SequenceCommon Code Sequence

Locate Windows virtualization servicesLocate Windows virtualization services

Connect to WMI CIMOM inConnect to WMI CIMOM invirtualization namespacevirtualization namespace

Connect to VSMSConnect to VSMS

Issue WQL – WMI Query Language toIssue WQL – WMI Query Language toLocate instances of classesLocate instances of classes

Subscribe to eventsSubscribe to events

Connecting To VSMSConnecting To VSMS

Dim WMIServiceDim VMHostVMHost = ".“

‘ ‘ Connect to the CIMOM in the destination machineConnect to the CIMOM in the destination machine‘ ‘ we use the \virtualization namespace.we use the \virtualization namespace.Set WMIService = GetObject( "winmgmts:\\" & VMHost _

& "\root\Virtualization")‘ Connect to WMI class that represents VSMSSet VMService = WMIService.Get("Msvm_VirtualSystemManagementService")

Enumerate VMsEnumerate VMs

Dim WMIServiceDim VMListDim VMDim VMHost

VMHost = "."' Get instance of the WMI Service in the virtualization namespace.' Get instance of the WMI Service in the virtualization namespace.Set WMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:\\" & VMHost & _

"\root\virtualization")

' Enumerate all Msvm_VirtualComputerSystem objects.' Enumerate all Msvm_VirtualComputerSystem objects.Set VMList = WMIService.InstancesOf("Msvm_VirtualComputerSystem") For Each VM In VMList WScript.Echo "VM Name: " & VM.ElementNameNext

Activate A VMActivate A VM

Const wbemFlagForwardOnly = 32Const wbemFlagReturnImmediately = 16Dim VMListDim VM……'' Use a WQL query to Find the VM passed in as argument in VMName Use a WQL query to Find the VM passed in as argument in VMNameSet VMList = WMIService.ExecQuery ( _

"SELECT * FROM Msvm_VirtualComputerSystem " & _ "WHERE ElementName='" & VMName & "'",

"WQL", _wbemFlagForwardOnly + wbemFlagReturnImmediately _

)

' Activate the specified VM.' Activate the specified VM.For Each VM In VMList WScript.Echo "Activating VM " & VM.Name VMService.ActivateVirtualSystem (VM)Next

Deactivate A VMDeactivate A VM

Const wbemFlagForwardOnly = 32Const wbemFlagReturnImmediately = 16Dim VMListDim VM……'' Use a WQL query to Find the VM passed in as argument in VMName Use a WQL query to Find the VM passed in as argument in VMNameSet VMList = WMIService.ExecQuery ( _

"SELECT * FROM Msvm_VirtualComputerSystem " & _ "WHERE ElementName='" & VMName & "'",

"WQL", _wbemFlagForwardOnly + wbemFlagReturnImmediately _

)

' Deactivate the specified VM.' Deactivate the specified VM.For Each VM In VMList WScript.Echo “Deactivating VM " & VM.Name VMService.DeActivateVirtualSystem (VM)Next

Call To ActionCall To Action

If you are interested to have your software If you are interested to have your software or hardware product participate in or hardware product participate in virtualized environment manageabilityvirtualized environment manageability

Stay in touch with our WMI interfaceStay in touch with our WMI interface

Engage in Beta programEngage in Beta program

Send feedback and questions Send feedback and questions toto MSVirtEx @ microsoft.comMSVirtEx @ microsoft.com

Additional ResourcesAdditional ResourcesRelated SessionsRelated Sessions

BUS126BUS126 Windows Virtualization Strategy and Roadmap Windows Virtualization Strategy and Roadmap

VIR065VIR065 Microsoft Operating System Virtualization Strategy Microsoft Operating System Virtualization Strategyand Virtual Hard Disk Directionsand Virtual Hard Disk Directions

VIR047VIR047 Hypervisor, Virtualization Stack, Hypervisor, Virtualization Stack,and Device Virtualization Architecturesand Device Virtualization Architectures

VIR040VIR040 Device Virtualization Architecture Device Virtualization Architecture

VIR043VIR043 How to Use WMI Interfaces with Windows Virtualization How to Use WMI Interfaces with Windows Virtualization

VIR049VIR049 Inside Microsoft’s Network and Storage VSP/VSC Inside Microsoft’s Network and Storage VSP/VSC

VIR124VIR124 Windows Virtualization Best Practices Windows Virtualization Best Practicesand Future Hardware Directionsand Future Hardware Directions

VIR046VIR046 Hypercall APIs Explained Hypercall APIs Explained

Additional ResourcesAdditional ResourcesPublications and Contact InformationPublications and Contact Information

PublicationsPublicationsPresentations and future papers Presentations and future papers http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/system/platform/virtual/default.mspxhttp://www.microsoft.com/whdc/system/platform/virtual/default.mspx

Preview papers and specs Preview papers and specs WinHEC Proceedings DVDWinHEC Proceedings DVD

Windows Hypervisor Top Level Functional SpecificationWindows Hypervisor Top Level Functional Specification

Windows Virtualization GlossaryWindows Virtualization Glossary

Web resourcesWeb resourcesWindows Virtualization Team BlogWindows Virtualization Team Bloghttp://http://blogs.technet.comblogs.technet.com/virtualization/virtualization

AMD I/O Virtualization Technology (IOMMU) SpecificationAMD I/O Virtualization Technology (IOMMU) Specificationhttp://http://developer.amd.com/documentation.aspxdeveloper.amd.com/documentation.aspx

Intel® Virtualization Technology for Directed I/O Architecture SpecificationIntel® Virtualization Technology for Directed I/O Architecture Specificationftp://download.intel.com/technology/computing/vptech/Intel(r)_VT_for_Direct_IO.pdfftp://download.intel.com/technology/computing/vptech/Intel(r)_VT_for_Direct_IO.pdf

LaGrande Technology Preliminary Architecture SpecificationLaGrande Technology Preliminary Architecture Specificationhttp://www.intel.com/technology/security/http://www.intel.com/technology/security/

Trusted Computing GroupTrusted Computing Grouphttp://www.trustedcomputinggroup.org/homehttp://www.trustedcomputinggroup.org/home

Email comments toEmail comments to msvirtex @ microsoft.commsvirtex @ microsoft.com

http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/system/platform/virtual/default.mspx

http://blogs.technet.com/virtualization



http://developer.amd.com/documentation.aspx

http://developer.amd.com/documentation.aspx

ftp://download.intel.com/technology/computing/vptech/Intel(r)_VT_for_Direct_IO.pdf

http://www.intel.com/technology/security/

http://www.trustedcomputinggroup.org/home

© 2006 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions,

it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Documents

How To Use The WMI Interfaces With Windows Virtualization Pierre Jacomet Senior Program Manager Windows Virtualization Microsoft Corporation