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Super Funtime “How to Look at Art”
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Task 1: Art WordsColour:Palette: the range of colours an artist uses.Scheme: the use of certain colours together for their effect; Complimentary- colours at opposite ends of the colour wheel; Analogous- related colours on the colour wheel; Triadic- 3 colours spaced evenly in the shape of a triangle on the colour wheel; Split complimentary- variation on the complimentary colour scheme eg, base colour green + 2 colours either side of greens compliments.
Colour Schemes: http://www.colorfaq.com/color_relationships.htm
Complimentary Analogous
Colour Schemes
Triadic Split complimentary
Colour Schemes
Monochromatic Achromatic: no colour
Colour.Qualities of Colour-Value (tone): how bright a colour is.Chroma: how pure a colour isTint: colour + whiteShade: colour + blackCool colours: left hand side, these colours recede.Warm Colours: right hand side, these colours come forward.High key: tints used to make bright pale colour valuesLow key: shades used to make subdued colour valuesFlat colours: little or no tonal rangeModulated/Gradated tones: tonal range from light to dark
High Key
Low Key
Tints
Shades
Flat colours
Modulated colours
Highlight-high value
Halftones-Middle value
Shadow-low value
Reading a Paintings Values
Colour Use
Objective: representational,
formal,natural or naturalistic,
local
Subjective:Non-representational
symbolic,emotive,
metaphorical
PaintingQualities of paint and painting.
Opaque: paint that has not been diluted by media, oils-turps, acrylic-water
Translucent: paint that has been diluted by media, usually in the form of a glaze
Fat: thicker paint layer, the final stage in an oil painting, traditionally used to paint the lights (until the impressionists)
Lean: thin paint layer, used for the initial paint layers (imprimatura), especially blocking in the darks and for shadow areas in oils.
Handling: the way an artist paints, careful handling=soft bristled smaller “round" brush, smaller strokes, leaner paint, blending. Broad handling=coarser bristled “flat" brush, gestural strokes, fatter (but not necessarily) impasted (raised) paint.
Modelling: the way a painter uses paint and colour (especial tone) to describe form.
opaque translucent
Lean paint layers, careful handling, modelled in glazes
fat paint layers, broad “gestural” handling, modelled in impasto paint
PaintingQualities of paint and painting.
Loading: thickly loaded brush= a lot of pigment, thinly loaded=less pigment
Layering: the use of successive layers, classically in oils there is the first layer, a base colour, second the darks are painted in, third the local colour and half tones, fourth the highlights.
Blending: loading your brush with two different hues or tones and mixing a middle hue between the two.
Scumbling: dragging or scrubbing a wet lighter value paint over a dry darker value area so that the area beneath shows through.
Glazing: adding a transparent diluted layer of tinted paint. Glazing subtlety alters the underlying hue, an opaque yellow base glazed with blue will produce a greenish hue.
Wet in wet: mixing the paint when wet on the surfaceWet over dry: adding wet paint over a dry area
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3
Layering
Blending
Scumbling
Glazing
A Comparison between two Approaches
Layering (Academic-Formal)-wet over dry
Alla Prima (in one sitting)- no layering, wet in wet
Monet: painted en plein air (outside) in
ambient(outside) light
Gericault: painted in studio or artificial light
Blending
Scumbling
Glazing
Washes
CompositionCompositionThe way a painting/artwork is put
together.
Foreground: the front of the picture plane
Middle ground: the middle distance
Background: the furthest distance
Perspective: • 1 point = train tracks, where all lines
meet at single point on horizon.• 2 point = where you can see two
planes of an object and the lines lead to 2 points on the horizon.
• Aerial = where an artist uses paler, bluer, colours in the background.
CompositionComposition: the way a painting/artwork is put together.
Principles of Art:
Balance: Balance is the concept of visual equilibrium.
Contrast: This is the use of opposites near or beside one another
Proportion – Elements are combined to create size relationshipsRhythm/pattern – Elements are repeated to create a visual tempo, our eye moves throughout the piece spaceEmphasis: Emphasis is also referred to as point of focus or focal point. Unity: This is the arrangement of one or more of the elements used to create a feeling of completeness. Variety – Contrasting elements are combined to create visual interest.
Balance
Symmetrical Asymmetrical
Proportion
Representational Abstract
Rhythym Representational Abstract
Emphasis/ Focal Point
Representational Abstract
Reading a Composition: Look for the underlying shapes
Reading a Composition: Look at the treatment of space, pos/neg
In this print by Kathe Kollwitz the negative space is jagged and encroaching on, almost attacking
the positive space, creating a very emotional image.
In this painting by Graham Sydney, positive and negative space are symmetrical and
create a feeling of calm