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12/3/2015 How They Got Their Guns The New York Times

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1. 1. View Slideshow

F.B.I. Treats San Bernardino Attack as Possible Terrorism Case

2.

San Bernardino Shooting Kills at Least 14; Two Suspects Are Dead

3. Couple Kept Tight Lid on Plans for San Bernardino Shooting

4.

Essay

Terror? Murder? As the Dead Mount, a Debate Persists

5.

Police Raid Townhouse of Suspect in San Bernardino Shooting

6.

How Often Do Mass Shootings Occur? On Average, Every Day, Records Show

7.

Struggling City Is Traumatized by a Siege and a Loud and Bloody Shootout

12/3/2015 How They Got Their Guns The New York Times

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U.S.

More

How TheGot Their Gun

By LARRY BUCHANAN, JOSH KELLER, RICHARD A. OPPEL Jr. and DANIEL VICTOR UPDATED December 3, 2015

Criminal hitorie and documented mental health prolem did not prevent at leateight of the gunmen in 15 recent ma hooting from otaining their weapon, afterfederal ackground check led to approval of the purchae of the gun ued.

OCT. 2, 2015

Sed Rizwan Farook and TahfeenMalik, huand and wife, wereupected of killing 14 people at aholida office part in Sanernardino, Calif. Four gun wererecovered: a Smith & Weon M&Paault rifle, a DPMS Panther Armaault rifle, a Smith & Weonhandgun and a Llama handgun.

Share8.

Defense in Trial of Officer Over Freddie Gray’s Death Tries to Shift Blame

9.

Starkly Different Accounts of Freddie Gray’s Death as Trial of Officer Begins

10.

Former Massey Energy C.E.O. Guilty in Deadly Coal Mine Blast

11. Calls Grow to Define Clinic Attacks as Domestic Terrorism

12.

For Robert Dear, Religion and Rage Before Planned Parenthood Attack

13. Paul Ryan Pushes Changes in Mental Health Care After Colorado Shooting

14.

Suspect in Planned Parenthood Attack Hears Murder Charge

15.

Rahm Emanuel Says He Won’t Resign Over Police Shooting and Video

16. Play Video

Mayor Rahm Emanuel Fires Chicago Police Superintendent

17. Play Video

Officer in Chicago Shooting Is Released From Jail

18. Play Video

Pentagon Will Open All Combat Roles to Women

12/3/2015 How They Got Their Guns The New York Times

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OCT. 1, 2015

Chritopher HarperMercer, 26, killed nine people at UmpquaCommunit College in Oregon, where he wa a tudent. He wa armedwith ix gun, including a Glock pitol, a Smith & Weon pitol, aTauru pitol and a DelTon aault rifle, according to The AociatedPre.

AUG. 26, 2015

Veter Lee Flanagan II, 41, hot andkilled a Roanoke, Va., televiionreporter and a cameraman with a

OVR SVRAL YARS

The F..I. found evidence thatMr. Farook wa in touch withpeople dometicall and aroadwho have Ilamit extremitview, according to official.

FOR SHOOTING

The chief of the San ernardinoPolice Department aid he wa notaware of the upect having anpreviou contact with lawenforcement.

FOR SHOOTING

All four gun were ought legall, two oneof the upect and two omeone who inot conidered a upect, according to aenior federal law enforcement official. It iunclear where the gun were ought and ifthe were legal in California.

DC. 2, 2015

The couple killed 14people at a holidapart. Invetigator aidit i unclear if terrorimwa the motive.

2008

Mr. HarperMercer wa in theArm for one month, ut wadicharged efore completingaic training.

2009

He graduated from the SwitzerLearning Center in Torrance, Calif.,which teache tudent withlearning diailitie and emotionaliue.

FOR SHOOTING

In all, Mr. HarperMercer owned 14 firearm,all of which were ought legall through afederall licened firearm dealer, a federalofficial aid Frida. Some were ought Mr.HarperMercer, and ome memer of hifamil.

OCT. 1, 2015

He killed nine people inRoeurg, Ore.

19.

Campaigns Turn to a Cheaper Medium to Get Voters’ Ears: Radio

20.

Hillary Clinton Fortifies Ties and FundRaising With Democratic Committee

21.

Congressional Memo

Mass Shootings Stoke Ideological Fighting in Congress

22. Transportation Bill Is Full of LittleHeralded Changes

23.

Jeb Bush’s New Show of Confidence Is Failing to Connect With Republicans

24.

House Restores Local Education Control in Revising No Child Left Behind

25. Harvard to Discontinue Use of ‘House Master’ Title

26. Health Spending in U.S. Topped $3 Trillion Last Year

27.

Ben Carson Sinks on Doubts About His Foreign Policy

28.

Los Angeles Bridge’s Demolition Is a Sign of Changes Sweeping the City

29.

Samuel Berger, Adviser to Clinton Who Shaped Foreign Ties, Dies at 70

30.

12/3/2015 How They Got Their Guns The New York Times

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Glock handgun while the werereporting a tor live.

JULY 23, 2015

Uing a .40calier emiautomaticpitol ought from a pawnhop, JohnR. Houer killed two people andwounded nine other at a movietheater in Lafaette, La.

2000

Mr. Flanagan filed a lawuitagaint a TV tation in Tallahaee,Fla., that had fired him, alleging hewa the victim of racial lur andulling.

2012

He wa hired at WDJ in Roanoke,ut within month hi oe haddocumented prolem with hiharh language and aggreiveehavior. He wa later fired andfiled another harament lawuit.

JUN 2015

Federal official aid Mr. Flanaganought the gun legall from alicened dealer. He had not eenconvicted of a crime or determinedto e mentall ill.

AUG. 26, 2015

Mr. Flanagan killed the reporter andcameraman, injured a woman who waeing interviewed and died afterhooting himelf.

Black Friday Gun Sales Soared, F.B.I. Data Shows

31.

Frustrated in Efforts to Close Guantánamo Prison, Officials Look to Reduce Population

32.

David Cohen, Pioneer of Public Interest Lobbying, Dies at 79

33.

Voters, Worried About Terrorism, Look for Leaders at Home on Silver Screen

34.

Family of American Killed in Benghazi Awaits Promised Funds

35.

First Draft

Ben Carson, Mispronouncing ‘Hamas,’ Fails to Impress...

36.

First Draft

Republicans Will Speak to Jewish Coalition, With Terrorism as a Focus

37.

First Draft

First Draft Focus: Throwback Thursday — Playing the Local Game

38.

First Draft

Bernie Sanders’s Appeal Makes New Hampshire Pivotal Ground for...

39.

12/3/2015 How They Got Their Guns The New York Times

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JUN 17, 2015

Dlann Roof, 21, killed nine peoplewith a .45calier Glock pitol at ahitoric lack church in Charleton,S.C.

OCT. 24, 2014

Jalen Ra Frerg, 15, ued hifather’ eretta pitol to hoot andkill four tudent in hi high chool’

2006

Mr. Houer wa denied a tateiued concealed weapon permitecaue he wa accued ofdometic violence and olicitingaron.

2008

A judge ordered him entto a pchiatric hopital.

2014

Mr. Houer ought the weapon in Alaama.Official aid it had een purchaed legall,though he had een denied a concealedweapon permit earlier, and depite concernamong famil memer that he wa violentand mentall ill.

JULY 23, 2015

He killed twopeople inLafaette.

FRUARY 2015

Mr. Roof wa charged with amidemeanor for poeingSuoxone, a precription drugfrequentl old in illegal treettranaction.

APRIL 2015

He purchaed a gun from a tore in WetColumia, S.C. Mr. Roof hould have eenarred from uing a gun ecaue he hadadmitted to poeing drug, ut the F..I.examiner conducting the required ackgroundcheck failed to otain the police report fromthe Feruar incident.

JUN 17, 2015

Mr. Roof joined a ile tudgroup at manuel A.M..Church and opened fire withthe gun he ought in April.

First Draft

Paul Ryan to Lay Out His Vision of the Republican Party

40.

First Draft

Dick Cheney’s Eternal Likeness to Be Unveiled in Senate’s Halls

41.

Hawaii Court Rescinds Permit to Build Thirty Meter Telescope

42.

First Draft

Hillary Clinton Calls for U.S. Inquiry Into Laquan McDonald Shooting

43.

First Draft

Senate Republicans Up for ReElection Are Urged to Keep Distance From...

44.

First Draft

Donald Trump Says He Will Visit Israel ‘Very Soon’

45.

Lori Berenson Heading Home to the U.S. From Peru

46.

Ebola Crisis Passes, but Questions on Quarantines Persist

47. First Draft

Presidential Candidates React to San Bernardino Shooting

48.

12/3/2015 How They Got Their Guns The New York Times

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cafeteria in Marville, Wah.

APRIL 2, 2014

Specialit Ivan Antonio Lopezopened fire at Fort Hood with aSmith & Weon emiautomaticpitol, killing three people andwounding 16 other.

2002

Ramond Lee Frerg Jr., Jalen’ father, wathe uject of a permanent dometic violenceprotection order, which hould have eenentered into the federal criminal ackgrounddataae.

2013

Mr. Frerg applied to u the eretta from agun hop on the Indian reervation where helived with Jalen. A ackground check failed tocome up with the protection order ecaue itwa never entered into the tem.

OCT. 24, 2014

Jalen Frerg texted five of hi fellowtudent to come to the cafeteria,where he opened fire.

First Draft

Donald Trump Says Terrorists’ Families Should Be Targets

49.

First Draft

Claim That Video Backs Donald Trump’s Assertion of Mass 9/11...

50. National Briefing | Washington

Supreme Court Orders Delay in Hawaii Vote Count

51. National Briefing | South

Alabama: Federal Lawsuit Challenges Voter ID Law

52. Student Protesters SelfAbsorbed and Narcissistic, Oklahoma College President Says

53.

Black Artists and the March Into the Museum

54. Play Video

Retro Report

Heroin, Survivor of War on Drugs, Returns With New Face

55.

Life in a JapaneseAmerican Internment Camp, via the Diary of a Young Man

56.

Your Ideas for Revisiting the News

57.

Racism on Campus: Stories From New York Times Readers

58.

Questions and Answers About Veteran Suicides

12/3/2015 How They Got Their Guns The New York Times

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SPT. 16, 2013

Aaron Alexi, 34, ued a Remingtonhotgun to kill 12 people at theWahington Nav Yard.

2011

Specialit Lopez came ack from a fourmonthdeploment to Iraq and told hi uperior thathe had uffered a traumatic head injur there.Militar official aid he had never eencomat and wa eing evaluated for poilepottraumatic tre diorder.

MARCH 2014

Specialit Lopez had een a militarpchiatrit a recentl a the monthefore the hooting. He wa eing treatedfor depreion and anxiet, and had eenprecried Amien to help him leep.

MARCH 1, 2014

Mr. Lopez ought hi gun at theame hop where Nidal MalikHaan, an Arm major, had oughtat leat one of the weapon uedin a 2009 ma hooting on theae that killed 13 people.

APRIL 2, 2014

Around 4 p.m.,Mr. Lopeztarted firing onoldier.

2011

Mr. Alexi wa given an honoraledicharge after howing what Nav

A MONTH FOR TH SHOOTING

He twice ought treatment from theDepartment of Veteran Affair for pchiatric

SPT. 2013

He wa topped from uing anaault rifle at a Virginia gun tore,

SPT. 16, 2013

He killed 12people at the

59.

Beware the Fine Print | Part III

In Religious Arbitration, Scripture Is the Rule of Law

60.

U.S.

Police on Video: When the Camera Turns

61.

Feature

The Women of Hollywood Speak Out

62.

Photo Essay

Running Away With the Circus

63.

First Words

Making Bathrooms More ‘Accommodating’

64.

Talk

Don Lemon Doesn’t Get Offended

65.

The Ethicist

Can My Workplace Ask Me for a Donation?

66.

First Draft

12/3/2015 How They Got Their Guns The New York Times

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DC. 14, 2012

Adam Lanza, 20, hot and killed himother in their home, then killed 26people, motl children, at SandHook lementar School inNewtown, Conn., uing auhmater XM15 rifle and a .22calier Savage Mark II rifle.

AUG. 5, 2012

Wade M. Page, 40, killed ix peoplewith a Springfield Armoremiautomatic handgun when heopened fire in the lo of a Sikhtemple in Oak Creek, Wi., acongregant arrived for Sundaervice.

official called a “pattern ofmiehavior” during four ear aa reervit.

iue. He told police in Rhode Iland thatpeople were puruing him and endingviration through the wall of hi hotel.

ut wa allowed to u a hotgun.He paed local and tateackground check.

Nav Yard.

2009

Mr. Lanza graduated from high chool.Some clamate aid he had een ulliedin high chool. He truggled with adevelopmental diorder and wa decrieda acutel h, not known to have cloefriend.

AFTR HIGH SCHOOL

He wa “completel untreated in the earefore the hooting” for pchiatric andphical ailment like anxiet andoeivecompulive diorder, a tatereport found.

FOR TH SHOOTING

Hi mother, Nanc Lanza, a gunenthuiat, legall otained andregitered a large collection ofweapon and would often take heron to hooting range.

DC. 14, 2012

Mr. Lanza ued himother’ gun to killher and 26 other.

G.O.P. Candidates, Feeling Rush to Raise Funds, Turn to Unlikely Source

67.

Dismay and Relief After Kean Graduate Is Accused in Threats Against Blacks

68.

Students’ Protests May Play Role in Supreme Court Case on Race in Admissions

69.

Kean University Graduate Accused in Threats Against Blacks

70.

Motherlode Blog

The Best Gifts for Classroom Teachers

71.

Motherlode Blog

Looking for Charities That Inspire Kids and Families

72.

OpEd Contributor

The Toll of Violent AntiAbortion Speech

73.

OpEd Contributor

The Real Problem With Police Video

74. 2Day Union Vote Gets Underway at Volkswagen's Lone US Plant

75. Stories of Those Who Died in the Mass Shooting in California

76. Kidney Transplant Arranged by Way of Craigslist Is Canceled

77. Details Released of Father's Arrest in Death of Missing Son

78. Latest: Evidence That Led to Arrest in Son's Death Released

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JULY 20, 2012

Jame . Holme, 24, killed 12people and wounded 70 at a theaterin Aurora, Colo., uing a Smith &Weon emiautomatic rifle, aRemington hotgun and a Glock .40calier emiautomatic pitol.

1994

While in the Arm at Fort li inl Pao, Tex., Mr. Page wacharged with criminal michiefafter kicking hole in the wall of aar. He pleaded guilt.

ARLY 2000S

He came to the attention of authoritieecaue of hi affiliation with a whitepowerand called nd Apath, which performedong with violent lric.

JULY 2012

He ought the firearm legall at agun hop outide Milwaukee. Hepaed a ackground check andpaid $650 in cah.

AUG. 5, 2012

He killed ixpeople andwounded threeother at thetemple.

79.

U.S.

Police on Video: When the Camera Turns

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APRIL 2, 2012

One L. Goh, 43, opened fire with aemiautomatic handgun at a mallreligiou college in Oakland, Calif.,where he had een a tudent. Hekilled even people.

MARCH 2012

Over four month, Mr. Holmelegall ought more than 3,000round of ammunition forhandgun, 3,000 round for aemiautomatic rifle and 350 hellfor a 12gauge hotgun, all overthe Internet.

MAY 2012

He wa eeing a pchiatrit and in theproce of withdrawing from a graduateprogram at the Univerit of Colorado Denver’Anchutz Medical Campu.

MAY 2012

In the 60 da efore the hooting,he ought four gun legall at localgun hop. Seeing a pchiatrit,even for a eriou mental illne,would not diqualif him fromuing a gun.

JULY 20, 2012

He opened firein the theater,killing 12people.

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JAN. 8, 2011

Jared L. Loughner, 22, killed ixpeople with a Glock handgun in aupermarket parking lot in Tucon,Ariz., at an event for GarielleGifford, who wa a Democraticrepreentative from Arizona.

FOR SHOOTING

“He wa a loner and what omemight call a loer, ut he didn'texhiit an ehavior that wouldhave alerted anone,” a ditrictattorne told reporter after thehooting, according to CNN.

ARLY 2012

Mr. Goh legall ought thehandgun at a gun tore in CatroValle, Calif., paing a federalackground check.

APRIL 2, 2012

He killed even people at Oiko Univeritin Oakland.

JAN. 2013

A judge ruled he wa not fit fortrial after two pchiatricevaluation concluded that hehad paranoid chizophrenia.

2007

Mr. Loughner wa arreted forpoeion of drug paraphernalia,ut the charge were dropped. Thenext ear, he failed a drug tetwhen tring to enlit in the Arm.Neither incident arred him fromuing a gun.

OCT. 2010

He wa forced to withdraw from communitcollege ecaue of campu official’ fearaout the afet of the taff and tudent, hiparent later aid. The incident would not havehown up on a ackground check.

NOV. 30, 2010

He paed a ackground checkand ought the handgun at a torein Tucon, Ariz.

JAN. 8, 2011

He killed ixpeople inTucon.

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NOV. 5, 2009

Maj. Nidal Malik Haan, 39, anArm pchiatrit facing deplomentto Afghanitan, opened fire inide amedical proceing uilding at FortHood in central Texa, killing 13people and wounding 43 other. Hewa armed with an FN Hertal pitol.

APRIL 3, 2009

Jiverl Wong, 41, fired at leat 98 hot from two handgun, a eretta 92FS 9millimeter pitol and a eretta PX4 Storm pitol, inide a civicaociation in inghamton, N.Y., where he had taken an nglih cla.He killed 13 former clamate and aociation emploee.

DC. 2008JUN 2009

Intelligence agencie intercepted10 to 20 meage etween Mr.Haan and Anwar alAwlaki, aradical cleric in Yemen known forhi incendiar antiAmericanteaching.

JUN 2009

Federal authoritie dropped an inquir aoutthe meage after deciding that the did notugget an threat of violence.

JULY 31, 2009

Mr. Haan ought the pitol legallat a popular weapon tore inKilleen, Tex., paing more than$1,100.

NOV. 5, 2009

He hot andkilled 13 peopleat Ford Hood.

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Note: Information on the precise version or year of manufacture of each gun was not always available, so a version of the model is shown. The handguns used byChristopher HarperMercer are omitted because the models have not been released. The guns shown for Adam Lanza do not include the gun he used to shoot himself.

Source: Government and law enforcement officials

Additional work by Wilson Andrews, Sarah Almukhtar, Alicia DeSantis, Guilbert Gates, Josh Katz, Julie Shaver and Karen Yourish

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FOR TH SHOOTING

Mr. Wong had een arreted, citedor had ome minor contact withthe police at leat five time ince1990, ut detail aout the caeremain unclear. At the time of thehooting, he wa not a uject inan invetigation, nor did he havea documented mental health iue.

MARCH 2008

Mr. Wong ought the firt gun, the eretta 92,at a tore in Johnon Cit, N.Y. He paed aackground check.

MARCH 2009

Mr. Wong ought the econd gun from theame tore, ut hi ackground check wanot approved immediatel. He received thegun under a federal rule that allow a gunto e old if the ackground check temdoe not return a deciion in threeuine da.

APRIL 3, 2009

He killed 13people ininghamton.

12/3/2015 How They Got Their Guns The New York Times

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U.S.

Relative of Suspects Speaks Out

Dec. 3, 2015

Essay

Terror? Murder? As the Dead Mount, a Debate Persists

Dec. 3, 2015

Pentagon Will Open All Combat Roles to Women

Dec. 3, 2015

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