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How Quantum Mechanics Makes Your Flash Drive Work Emily Davis

How Quantum Mechanics Makes Your Flash Drive Workcourses.csail.mit.edu/6.UAT/sampleStudentAssignments/concept/Davis.pdfWhere is the Electron? • In Quantum Mechanics, an object has

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Page 1: How Quantum Mechanics Makes Your Flash Drive Workcourses.csail.mit.edu/6.UAT/sampleStudentAssignments/concept/Davis.pdfWhere is the Electron? • In Quantum Mechanics, an object has

How Quantum Mechanics Makes Your Flash Drive Work    

Emily Davis 

Page 2: How Quantum Mechanics Makes Your Flash Drive Workcourses.csail.mit.edu/6.UAT/sampleStudentAssignments/concept/Davis.pdfWhere is the Electron? • In Quantum Mechanics, an object has

Typical Flash Drive 

Page 3: How Quantum Mechanics Makes Your Flash Drive Workcourses.csail.mit.edu/6.UAT/sampleStudentAssignments/concept/Davis.pdfWhere is the Electron? • In Quantum Mechanics, an object has

Inside: Lots of LiBle Circuits… 

…What Makes The Circuits? 

Page 4: How Quantum Mechanics Makes Your Flash Drive Workcourses.csail.mit.edu/6.UAT/sampleStudentAssignments/concept/Davis.pdfWhere is the Electron? • In Quantum Mechanics, an object has

FloaFng Gate Transistors •  Electron Stored: Logical 0 

•  No electrons: Logical 1 

•  Your computer can then “read” the 1’s and 0’s to know what you have stored on the USB: 

= 010001010…      Your                          English Paper 

Page 5: How Quantum Mechanics Makes Your Flash Drive Workcourses.csail.mit.edu/6.UAT/sampleStudentAssignments/concept/Davis.pdfWhere is the Electron? • In Quantum Mechanics, an object has

What’s in a FloaFng Gate Transistor? 

Control Gate 

FloaFng Gate 

12 Volts = Gate Voltage 

Oxide 

Body 

7 Volts Electron  

Page 6: How Quantum Mechanics Makes Your Flash Drive Workcourses.csail.mit.edu/6.UAT/sampleStudentAssignments/concept/Davis.pdfWhere is the Electron? • In Quantum Mechanics, an object has

Control Gate 

FloaFng Gate 

Body 

7 Volts 

12 Volts 

Oxide 

An Analogy 

Wall 

Page 7: How Quantum Mechanics Makes Your Flash Drive Workcourses.csail.mit.edu/6.UAT/sampleStudentAssignments/concept/Davis.pdfWhere is the Electron? • In Quantum Mechanics, an object has

PotenFal Profile 

   Body         Channel           Oxide      FloaFng Gate             

Page 8: How Quantum Mechanics Makes Your Flash Drive Workcourses.csail.mit.edu/6.UAT/sampleStudentAssignments/concept/Davis.pdfWhere is the Electron? • In Quantum Mechanics, an object has

Where is the Ball? 

•  Classically, an object is where it is. 

0              1               2              3 

•  Probability that the ball is at 0: 0 

• Probability that the ball is at 1: 1 

• Probability that the ball is at 2: 0 

• Probability that the ball is at 3: 0 

Page 9: How Quantum Mechanics Makes Your Flash Drive Workcourses.csail.mit.edu/6.UAT/sampleStudentAssignments/concept/Davis.pdfWhere is the Electron? • In Quantum Mechanics, an object has

Where is the Electron? •  In Quantum Mechanics, an object has a wavefuncFon ψ that tells you where it might be 

0              1               2              3 

•  Probability that the electron is at 0: 0 

• Probability that the electron is at 1: 1/4 

• Probability that the electron is at 2: 3/4 

• Probability that the electron is at 3: 0 1/4 

3/4 

ψ 

Page 10: How Quantum Mechanics Makes Your Flash Drive Workcourses.csail.mit.edu/6.UAT/sampleStudentAssignments/concept/Davis.pdfWhere is the Electron? • In Quantum Mechanics, an object has

WavefuncFon In the Transistor 

   Body         Channel           Oxide      FloaFng Gate             

Page 11: How Quantum Mechanics Makes Your Flash Drive Workcourses.csail.mit.edu/6.UAT/sampleStudentAssignments/concept/Davis.pdfWhere is the Electron? • In Quantum Mechanics, an object has

Remember the Gate Voltage? 

Control Gate 

FloaFng Gate 

12 Volts = Gate Voltage  

Oxide 

Body 

7 Volts Electron  

Page 12: How Quantum Mechanics Makes Your Flash Drive Workcourses.csail.mit.edu/6.UAT/sampleStudentAssignments/concept/Davis.pdfWhere is the Electron? • In Quantum Mechanics, an object has

Applying a Voltage 

   Body         Channel           Oxide      FloaFng Gate             

Page 13: How Quantum Mechanics Makes Your Flash Drive Workcourses.csail.mit.edu/6.UAT/sampleStudentAssignments/concept/Davis.pdfWhere is the Electron? • In Quantum Mechanics, an object has

Applying MORE Voltage 

 Body 

 Channel 

 Oxide  FloaFng Gate 

Page 14: How Quantum Mechanics Makes Your Flash Drive Workcourses.csail.mit.edu/6.UAT/sampleStudentAssignments/concept/Davis.pdfWhere is the Electron? • In Quantum Mechanics, an object has

We did it!  Now the Electron is Stored! 

Control Gate 

FloaFng Gate 

12 Volts 

Oxide 

Body 

7 Volts 

Page 15: How Quantum Mechanics Makes Your Flash Drive Workcourses.csail.mit.edu/6.UAT/sampleStudentAssignments/concept/Davis.pdfWhere is the Electron? • In Quantum Mechanics, an object has

Summary 

•  Want to store 1’s and 0’s on a transistor 

•  Not possible classically  

•  Electrons can quantum tunnel through a “wall” 

•  This is the basic idea behind how your flash drive stores your documents! 

Page 16: How Quantum Mechanics Makes Your Flash Drive Workcourses.csail.mit.edu/6.UAT/sampleStudentAssignments/concept/Davis.pdfWhere is the Electron? • In Quantum Mechanics, an object has

Thanks!  QuesFons?