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More than 5000 people are involved in the production of
clinker and cement in Australia.
More than 5000 people are involved in the production of
clinker and cement in Australia.
CONCRETEBATCHING PLANT
STAGE THREEStorage and grinding
Brought to you by:
How one of the country’s most importantconstruction materials is made.
How one of the country’s most importantconstruction materials is made.
CEMENTPLANT
CRUSHER
STAGE ONEExtraction of raw materials
OPENINGSOON
HOSPITAL
+
4040
Limestone is the main material in
cement manufacturing.
Limestone is the main material in
cement manufacturing.
More than 90% of clinker is produced in energy ef�cient
precalciner kilns.
More than 90% of clinker is produced in energy ef�cient
precalciner kilns.
MINE
475-586vv
STAGE TWOFiring of raw materials
Kiln temperatures can typically reach in excess of 1400˚C.
Kiln temperatures can typically reach in excess of 1400˚C.
55% of CO2 emissions arise from the unavoidable chemical conversion of limestone into clinker (calcination).
55% of CO2 emissions arise from the unavoidable chemical conversion of limestone into clinker (calcination).
Alternative fuels such as waste oils and wood waste may be used to
replace coal.
Alternative fuels such as waste oils and wood waste may be used to
replace coal.
The Australian cement industry has reduced CO2 emissions by
27% since 1990.
The Australian cement industry has reduced CO2 emissions by
27% since 1990.
Reuse of industrial wastes such as blast furnace slag and �y ash can minimise use of limestone.
Reuse of industrial wastes such as blast furnace slag and �y ash can minimise use of limestone.
Limestone is an abundant natural resource.Limestone is an abundant natural resource.
CO2CO2
CO2CO2
Cement mills can be located at cement plants or close to the community they serve.
Cement mills can be located at cement plants or close to the community they serve.
Concrete batch plants need to be located close to the markets they serve.
Concrete batch plants need to be located close to the markets they serve.
COAL-FIRED
POWER STATION
FLY ASH
SLAG 1 kilometre of freeway needs 2,500 tonnes of cement.1 kilometre of freeway needs 2,500 tonnes of cement.
9 million tonnes of cement are produced in Australia each year which is transported around the country by trucks, trains and ships to concrete batch plants.
9 million tonnes of cement are produced in Australia each year which is transported around the country by trucks, trains and ships to concrete batch plants.
2 million tonnes per year of by-product from power generation (�y ash) and steel
making (furnace slag) are used incement and concrete every year.
These can further cut CO2 emissions.
2 million tonnes per year of by-product from power generation (�y ash) and steel
making (furnace slag) are used incement and concrete every year.
These can further cut CO2 emissions.
Over 70% of the world’s population live in structures containing cement.
Over 70% of the world’s population live in structures containing cement.
26,000,000m3 of concrete is used in Australia each year.26,000,000m3 of concrete is used in Australia each year.
A typical family home requires 14 tonnes of cement.
A typical family home requires 14 tonnes of cement.
Clinker is ground with other materials into the �ne grey material
that is cement.
Clinker is ground with other materials into the �ne grey material
that is cement.Cement is the glue that binds concrete together.Cement is the glue that binds concrete together.
Concrete is delivered in agitator trucks.Concrete is delivered in agitator trucks.
Increasing limestone mineral additions can reduce CO2 emissions.
Increasing limestone mineral additions can reduce CO2 emissions.
STEEL-MAKING
PLANT
STEEL-MAKING
PLANT
Cement is the key ingredient in concrete, which is the most used construction material in Australia.
Cement is the key ingredient in concrete, which is the most used construction material in Australia.
CEMENT