How is the body organized?

Each part of the body has a specific job to do. The levels of organization in the human body

consists of…… Cells

Tissues Organs Organ Systems

Organism

Cells

CellsCells are the basic units of structure

and function in a living thing.

Cells are the smallest units in the body.

The human body contains about 100 trillion cells.

What are Cells made up of?

Cells are made up of a

Cell Membrane

Nucleus

Cytoplasm

Cell MembraneThe cell membrane forms the outside boundary of a cell.

Cell wall

NucleusThe nucleus is the control center

of the cell.The nucleus directs the cells

activities.The nucleus contains information

that determines the cell’s characteristics.

CytoplasmCytoplasm is the area between

the cell membrane and nucleus.

The cytoplasm contains a clear, jellylike substance.

Review Cells:

What are Cells made up of?

Cell Membrane - the outside boundary of a cell.

Nucleus - the control center of the cell, directs the cells activities and determines the cell’s characteristics.

Cytoplasm - the area between the cell membrane and nucleus.

•What is a cell?•A cell is the basic unit of structure and function in a living thing

and the smallest unit in the body.

Tissue

Tissue A tissue is a group of similar cells that

perform the same function. The human body contains four basic types of

tissue. Muscle Tissue Nerve Tissue Connective Tissue Epithelial Tissue

Muscle Tissue

Muscle Tissue Muscle tissue can contract to make parts of

your body move.

Nerve Tissue

Nerve Tissue Nerve tissue carries messages back and

forth between the brain and every part of your body.

Your brain is made up of mostly nerve tissue.

Connective Tissue

Connective TissueConnective tissue provides support for

your body and connects all its parts.Examples of connective tissue Bones Fat Blood Cartilage Tendons

Epithelial Tissue

Epithelial TissueEpithelial tissue covers the surfaces of

your body, inside and out.Lines the inside of different organsYour skin is one type of epithelial tissue.There are different types:

a. Squamous – skin, esophagus

b. Columnar – Lungs, bladder

Review Tissues

Organs and Organ Systems An organ is a structure that is made up of

different kinds of tissues. Like tissues, an organ performs a specific

job. Each organ in your body is part of an organ system.

Organ SystemsAn organ system is a group of organs

that work together to perform a major function.

The body has 11 organ systems.

They are……..(pg 21)

Organ systems Circulatory system - carries needed materials to

the body cells: carries wastes away from body cells; helps fight disease.

Digestive system- takes food into the body; breaks down food and absorbs digested materials.

Organ systems Endocrine system- controls body processes

chemically.

Excretory system – removes waste from the body.

Organ systems Immune system- fights disease.

Muscular system– enables the body to move; moves food through the digestive system and keeps the heart beating.

Organ systems Nervous System- detects and interprets

information from outside the body; controls most body functions.

Reproductive system– produces sex cells to create offspring; controls male and female characteristics.

Organ systems Respiratory system- takes oxygen to the

body and eliminates carbon dioxide.

Skeletal system– supports and protects the body; works with muscles to allow movement; makes blood cells.

Organ systems Skin- Supports and protects the body;

Helps regulate body temperature.

(goose bumps)

Review Questions1. What is the smallest level of BODY organization?Answer: Cell

2. What is the most complex level of BODY organization?Answer: Organism/YOU

3. What are the 5 levels of BODY organization?Answer: Cell Tissue Organs Organ Systems Organism

4. What is tissue?Answer: A tissue is a group of similar cells that perform the same function

5. What are the 4 types of tissues?Answer: Muscle Tissue Nerve Tissue Connective Tissue Epithelial Tissue

6. What is the job of muscle tissueAnswer: Can contract to make parts of your body move.

7. What is the job of the nerve tissue?

Answer: Carries messages back and forth between the brain

and every part of your body.

8. What is your brain made of?

Answer: Nerve tissue

9. Which tissue provides support for your body and connects all its parts?

Answer: Connective Tissue

10. Name types of connective tissue?

Answer: Bones Fat Blood Cartilage Tendons

11. Where is epithelial tissue found?

Answer: Skin Stomach Bladder Esophagus

12. Describe what is an Organ?

Answer: A structure that is made up of different kinds of tissues

working together

Example: Heart Lungs Liver Small Intestine

13. What is an Organ System?Answer: Group of organs that work together to perform a major function.

14. Name the 11 Organ systems:Answer: Respiratory Circulatory Digestive Excretory Skin Skeletal Muscular Nervous Reproductive Immune Endocrine

15. Briefly explain each System:

a. Respiratory - Takes in O2 and removes CO2

b. Circulatory – Carries materials, removes waste,

fights diseases

c. Digestive – Breaks down and absorbs food

d. Excretory – removes waste from body

e. Skin - protects body from outside invaders

f. Skeletal - supports, protects, stores, makes blood cells

g. Muscular – movement, moves food, heart beat

h. Nervous – Detects, interprets info, controls body functions

i. Reproductive – produces sex cells, creates offspring

j. Immune – Fights diseases, infections, Cancer

k. Endocrine – Controls chemical processes