© Boardworks Ltd 20091 of 6

© Boardworks Ltd 20092 of 6

How has the Earth changed?

© Boardworks Ltd 20093 of 6

If it was possible to dig to the center of the Earth, what would you find?

What is the Earth made out of?

crust – the rocky, outer layer beneath your feet. Know as the lithosphere.

mantle – the semi-liquid, very high temperature layer below the crust. The cooler section near to the crust is less mobile than the hotter section next to the core (known as the asthenosphere).

core – the layer at the center of the Earth. This layer is divided into two sections: the liquid, outer core and the solid, inner core.

You would dig through three sections:

© Boardworks Ltd 20094 of 6

Cross-section of the Earth

© Boardworks Ltd 20095 of 6

Tectonic Plates Notes

• http://www.wwnorton.com/college/geo/egeo2/content/animations/2_1.htm

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K8blL9Ki2mQ&safe=active

© Boardworks Ltd 20096 of 6

What is the Earth’s crust made of?

© Boardworks Ltd 20097 of 6

Minerals and metals

Many of the useful substances we get from the Earth’s crust are minerals, which contain metals.

Here are the names and formulae of some of the most common minerals.

Fe2O3

Al2O3

PbSTiO2

CuFeS2

haematitebauxitegalena

chalcopyriterutile

mineral formula metal extracted from itironaluminumleadtitaniumcopper