How do I sign up for the exam? - Stevens Point 1.pdf · SURVEYING(FLS) EXAM PREP. ABOUT THE EXAM How do I sign up for the exam? ... Survey Computations and Computer applications

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FUNDAMENTAL OF LAND SURVEYING(FLS) EXAM PREP.

ABOUT THE EXAM

How do I sign up for the exam?

NCEES (National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying)

https://ncees.org/surveying/

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Once registered for the exam through your MyNCEESaccount You will be able to select your exam location WI exam locations include:

Green Bay Madison Milwaukee Brookfield Kenosha Platteville

Once you select your exam location You will be prompted with the available exam dates


The Wisconsin Board does not require examinees to submit an application or an additional fee prior to registering with NCEES and scheduling an exam.

Examinees will be provided one attempt per testing window and no more than three attempts in a 12 month period.

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How do I know if I passed?

Typically available within 7–10 business days.

You will receive an email notification from NCEES

Results will include a link to your licensing board for additional state-specific information or instructions.

All results are reported as pass or fail.

What happens if I fail?

If you fail the examination, you will receive a diagnostic report showing your performance for each of the major topics covered on the exam.

The FS exam is offered in testing windows throughout the year during the following months: January–March

April–June

July–September

October–December

Registration is open year-round.

You can only take the exam one time per testing window and no more than three times in a 12-month period.

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How much will it cost?

Cost: $175 (The registration fee for the FS exam was reduced from $225 to $175 beginning January 1, 2018. To receive the reduced rate, you must have registered and paid

for your exam on or after January 1.)

Computer based test

Closed book

What are acceptable calculators?

The only calculator models acceptable for use during the 2018 exams are as follows. Casio: All fx-115 and fx-991 models (Any Casio

calculator must have “fx-115” or “fx-991” in its model name.)

Hewlett Packard: The HP 33s and HP 35s models, but no others

Texas Instruments: All TI-30X and TI-36X models (Any Texas Instruments calculator must have “TI-30X” or “TI-36X” in its model name.)

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About the exam

110 question exam (multiple choice format)

6 hours long 2 minutes – Nondisclosure agreement

8 minutes – Tutorial

25 minutes – scheduled break

320 minutes(5 hours 20 minutes) – Exam

2 minutes 49 seconds per question

About the exam

What topics does the exam cover? Mathematics Basic Sciences Spatial Data Acquisition and Reduction Survey Computations and Computer applications Statistics and Adjustments Geodesy Boundary and Cadastral Survey Law Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Survey Processes and Methods Geographic Information Systems(GIS) Graphical Communication and Mapping Professional Communication Business Concepts

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About the exam

Mathematics Algebra, trigonometry and basic geometry

Spherical Trigonometry

Linear Algebra and Matric theory

Analytic geometry and calculus

13-20 questions (11-18% of the exam)

About the exam

Basic Sciences Geology

Dendrology

Cartography

Environmental Sciences


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About the exam

Spatial Data Acquisition and Reduction Vertical Measurements

Distance Measurements

Angle Measurements

Unit Conversions

Redundancy

Knowledge and utilization of instruments and methods

Understanding of historical methods and instruments


About the exam

Survey Computations and Computer Applications Coordinate Geometry Traverse Closure and Adjustment Area Volume Horizontal Curves Vertical Curves Spirals Spreadsheets


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About the exam

Statistics and Adjustments Mean, Median, Mode

Variance, standard deviation

Error analysis

Least Squares Adjustment

Measurement and positional tolerance

Relative, network, and positional accuracy


About the exam

Geodesy Basic theory

Satellite positioning

Gravity

Coordinate systems

Datums

Map projections


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About the exam

Boundary and Cadastral Survey Law Controlling elements Gathering and identifying evidence Records research Legal descriptions Case law Riparian rights Public Land Survey System Metes and Bounds Simultaneously created parcels Easements and Encumbrances


About the exam

Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Interpretation and analysis

Project and Flight Planning

Quality control

Ground control

LiDAR


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About the exam

Survey Processes and Methods Land Development- principles, standards, and

regulations Boundary Location Mapping, cartography, and topography Construction Riparian Surveys Route Surveys Control Surveys


About the exam

Geographic Information Systems(GIS) Feature collection and integration

Database concepts and design

Accuracy and use

Metadata


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About the exam

Graphical Communication and Mapping Plans and specifications

Contours and slopes

Scales

Planimetric features and symbols

Land forms

Digital terrain modeling and digital elevation modeling

Survey maps, plats, drawings, and reports


About the exam

Professional Communication Oral

Written

Alternate forms of communication

Documentation and recordkeeping


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About the exam

Business Concepts Contracts Liability and risk management Financial practices Leadership and management principles Personnel management principles Project planning and design Ethics Safety


Summary

Make up of the exam Mathematics (11-18%)

Survey Computations and Computer applications (17-26%)

Boundary and Cadastral Survey Law (12-18%)

Survey Processes and Methods (10-15%)

These 4 subject areas make up roughly 50% of the exam

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Resources

Text books, etc

Cited Sources

“NCEES surveying.” NCEES, ncees.org/surveying/.

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FUNDAMENTAL OF LAND SURVEYING(FLS) EXAM PREP.

EXAMPLE PROBLEMS

Mathematics Examples

Right Triangle Formulas

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A 90C

B

a

b

c

Solve for the missing parts of the right triangle and compute the area in square feet and acres with the following given conditions for each number 1-7: Accuracy should be to the nearest second and hundredth of a foot. Area accuracy to the nearest square foot and hundredth of an acre. 1. B = 41° 12’ 38”, a = 625.16’ 2. A = 66° 22’ 37”, a = 492.72’ 3. B = 38° 04’ 48”, c = 585.20’ 4. A = 22° 13’ 50”, a = 376.26’ 5. B = 75° 35’ 41”, b = 237.68’ 6. a = 427.82’ b = 396.95’ 7. b = 445.64’ c = 616.38’


Coordinate Calculations

Find the coordinates of the points of a figure if Point A is 1000.00 North and 1000.00 East (1000.00, 1000.00) with the following bearings and distances: Line AB – N28° 19’ 00”E, 560.27’

Line BC – N56° 23’ 00”W, 484.18’

Line CD – S08° 50’ 00”W, 375.42’

Line DE – S45° 10’ 00”W, 311.44’

Line EA – S67° 41’ 00”E, 449.63’

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Rectangular Coordinate Problem and Area Calculation:

The (N, E) coordinates (in feet) for a closed-polygon figure ABCDA as follows: A (1000.00, 1000.00) B (1300.00, 1100.00) C (1400.00, 700.00) D (1100.00, 700.00)

Solve for the bearings and distances of the figure and compute the interior angles and compute the area of the figure by using the area by coordinates method.

Survey Computations and Computer Apps Examples Horizontal Curves Formulas

PC = Point of curvature. It is the beginning of curve.

PT = Point of tangency. It is the end of curve.

PI = Point of intersection of the tangents. Also called vertex

T = Length of tangent from PC to PI and from PI to PT. It is known as subtangent.

R = Radius of simple curve, or simply radius.

L = Length of chord from PC to PT. Point Q as shown to the right, is the midpoint of L.

Lc = Length of curve from PC to PT. Point M in the figure is the midpoint of Lc.

E = External distance, the nearest distance from PI to the curve.

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Survey Computations and Computer Apps Examples Horizontal Curves Formulas

m = Middle ordinate, the distance from midpoint of curve to midpoint of chord.

I = Deflection angle (also called angle of intersection and central angle). It is the angle of intersection of the tangents. The angle subtended by PC and PT at O is also equal to I, where O is the center of the circular curve from the above figure.

x = offset distance from tangent to the curve. Note: x is perpendicular to T.

θ = offset angle subtended at PC between PI and any point in the curve

D = Degree of curve. It is the central angle subtended by a length of curve equal to one station. In English system, one station is equal to 100 ft and in SI, one station is equal to 20 m.

Sub chord = chord distance between two adjacent full stations.

Survey Computations and Computer Apps Examples

PC sta. + T = PI sta.

PC sta. + L = PT sta.

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Horizontal Curves Known: PI sta. =15 + 67.32

I = 8°15’45”

R = 500.00’ Calculate: L, LC, D, M, E, T and the stationing of PC and PT.


Horizontal Curves – layout by deflection angles SUBDEFLECTION ANGLE: ∂a = Sa D

200 ∂a = DEFLECTION ANGLE IN DEGREES Sa = ARC DISTANCE D = DEGREE OF CURVE IN DECIMAL DEGREES

SUBCHORD LENGTH: Ca = 2 R SIN ∂a

Ca – SUBCHORD R – RADIUS ∂a - DEFLECTION ANGLE THE FLATTER THE CURVE (LARGE RADIUS) THE SUBCHORDS ONLY

DIFFER SLIGHTLY FROM THE TRUE ARC LENGTH

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Deflection Angles Given: PI stationing is 47 + 38.75

Arc Length is 575.32’

Radius is 2500.00’ Calculate the deflection angles, sub chords and chords

lengths for full stations throughout the curve. Setup is at the PC of the curve.

Survey Computations and Computer Apps Examples Vertical Curve Formulas

BVC – BEGINNING OF VERTICAL CURVE VPI – VERTEX (VERTICAL POINT OF

INTERSECTION) EVC – END OF VERTICAL CURVE g1 – % GRADE OF THE BACK TANGENT g2 – % GRADE OF THE FORWARD

TANGENT L – LENGTH OF CURVE (HORIZONTAL

DISTANCE) Y bvc – ELEVATION OF THE BVC X – DISTANCE IN STATIONS TO A POINT

ALONG THE VERTICAL CURVE r = RATE OF CHANGE OF THE CURVE

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Vertical Curve Formulas

Parabola Formula: Y = Y bvc + g1x + (r/2)x²

r = rate of change r = g2 –g1

L

OFFSET DISTANCE = E ( x )² ( ½ L )

E – IS THE MIDPOINT BETWEEN THE PVI AND THE MIDPOINT BETWEEN THE BVC AND THE EVC.

High/Low point: X = -g1r

X = THE DISTANCE IN STATIONING FROM THE BVC


Vertical Curve Given: g1 = 3.50% g2 = -1.50% L = 1000’ PVI =

Station 50+00, Elevation 900.00 Equal tangent vertical curve

Compute elevations of curve at full stations.

Compute high point elevation and stationing.

Use parabola formula for calculations.

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Boundary and Cadastral Survey Law

What are the minimum research responsibilities in performing a property survey? The minimum research for performing a property survey

includes: Adjoining conveyances

Maps

Pertinent recorded adjoining surveys

Deed and Legal description

Public agency maps

GLO notes and plats


What are the minimum requirements of a land surveyor after they finish the field work for performing a boundary survey? Computations should be performed to check for blunders

and the quality of measurements, to determine where final corners and monuments belong, to calculate area, and as a check. A drawing or a map has to be made after the field work. It also to be filed with the county as well and the drawing has to be up the administrative code standards. In Wisconsin, it needs to be filed to the county surveyor’s office within 60 days of completion.

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List in order the principals of evidence, measurements and monumentation, as to their order of importance in the interpretation of legal descriptions in deeds. From most importance to least importance:

Unwritten title Senior rights Written intentions of the parties Call for an adjoiner Monuments Measurements Area Coordinates


In your own words distinguish between a lost, existent and an obliterated corner. Lost corner:

is a point of a survey whose position cannot be determined, beyond reasonable doubt, either from traces of the original marks or from acceptable evidence or testimony that bears upon the original position, and whose location can be restored only by reference to one or more interdependent corners.

Existent corner: is one whose position can be identified by verifying the evidence of the

monument, or its accessories, by reference to the description that is contained in the field notes, or where the point can be located by an acceptable supplemental survey record, some physical evidence, or testimony

Obliterated corner: is one at whose point there are no remaining traces of the monument, or its

accessories, but whose location has been perpetuated, or the point for which may be recovered beyond reasonable doubt, by the acts and testimony of the interested landowners, competent surveyors, or other qualified local authorities, or witnesses, or by some acceptable record evidence.

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Survey Processes and Methods

What is a riparian owner? one who owns property along the bank of a watercourse,

including a lake, and whose boundary is the water in that course or lake.

What is a littoral owner? one who owns land abutting a sea or ocean where the tide

regularly rises and falls. Littoral is derived from the Latin "Iitus" meaning seashore or coast. In common usage the word riparian is often used instead of littoral to include seashore boundaries as well as inland water boundaries.


What is accretion? the gradual and imperceptible addition of soil by gradual

deposition through the operation of natural causes, to that already in possession of the owner.

What is reliction? dry land formed by the withdrawal of water from the shores

of a river, lake or sea.

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What is avulsion? is the sudden and perceptible action of water which causes

the removal of a considerable quantity of soil from the land of one owner and its deposit upon or annexation to the dry land of another.

Define the geoid? The geoid is an equipotential gravitational surface located

approximately at mean sea level, which is everywhere perpendicular to the direction of gravity.”


What are the defining parameters to describe an ellipsoid such as GRS80? For GRS80 and WGS84, the defining parameters are the

semimajor axis a and flattening factor f.”

What organization monitors the instantaneous position of the poles? the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems

Service (IERS)

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What is the first requirement in a construction survey? An accurate control, topographic survey, and site map are the first

requirements in designing streets, sewer and water lines, and structures.”

A sewer pipe is to be laid from station 10+00 to station 12+50 on a −0.50% grade, starting with invert elevation 3344.23 ft at 10+00 Calculate invert elevations at each 50-ft station along the line. Station Elevation (ft) 10+00 3344.23 10+50 3343.98 11+00 3343.73 11+50 3343.48 12+00 3343.23 12+50 3342.98


What are the requirements for the placement of horizontal and vertical control in a project? 1. Convenient for use, that is, located sufficiently close to the item

being built so that work is minimized and accuracy enhanced in transferring alignment and grade.

2. Far enough from the actual construction to ensure working room for the contractor and to avoid possible destruction of stakes.

3. Clearly marked and understood by the contractor in the absence of a surveyor.

4. Supplemented by guard stakes to deter removal, and referenced to facilitate restoring them. Contracts usually require the owner to pay the cost of setting initial control points and the contractor to replace damaged or removed ones.

5. Suitable for securing the accuracy agreed on for construction layout.

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Where is the invert of a pipe measured? the invert (flow line or lower inside surface) of the pipe

What methods can be used to display relief on a map? Relief is displayed on maps by using various conventions and

procedures. For topographic maps, contours are commonly used and are preferred by surveyors and engineers.

Define map scale?Map scale is the ratio of the length of a feature on a map

to the true length of the feature.”


What is a hydrographic survey? Hydrographic surveys determine depths and terrain configurations

of the bottoms of water bodies. Usually the survey data are used to prepare hydrographic maps.

What are the smaller subdivisions of the United States Public Land Survey System commonly referred to? Aliquot part

What is the primary responsibility of a professional surveyor? The responsibility of a professional surveyor is to weigh all

evidence and try to establish the originally intended boundary between the parties involved in any property-line dispute, although without legal authority to force a compromise or settlement.”

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In a description by metes and bounds, what purpose may be served by the phrase "more or less" following the acreage? The expression ‘more or less,’ which may follow a computed

area, allows for minor errors, and avoids nuisance suits for insignificant variations.”

What is the primary objective in performing a retracement surveys? Retracement surveys are run for the purpose of relocating or

reestablishing previously surveyed boundary lines.”


Define common elements and limited common elements in relation to condominiums. Common elements are elements jointly owned and used by

all units such as sidewalks, stairways, swimming pool, tennis courts, etc.

Limited common elements are elements reserved for the exclusive use of a particular unit such as a designated parking space.

What are the essential elements required when writing a deed description by coordinates? The date of the survey and the reference datum.

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What is the point of commencement in a property description? This is an established reference point such as a corner of the

PLSS monument to which the property description is tied or referenced. It serves as the starting point for the description.”

Why are lot-and-block descriptions not subject to junior and senior rights? Lot-and-block descriptions typically are created

simultaneously and thus are not subject to junior and senior rights.”

Cited Sources

Ghilani, Charles D. Elementary Surveying: an Introduction to Geomatics. 15th Edition, Pearson Education, Inc., 2018.

Documents

How do I sign up for the exam? - Stevens Point 1.pdf · SURVEYING(FLS) EXAM PREP. ABOUT THE EXAM How do I sign up for the exam? ... Survey Computations and Computer applications