HOW DID FACTORIES CREATE TOWNS?• to be able to explain how factories caused the population of towns

to increase.

• to be able to give two reasons why steam engine replaced waterwheels as the source of power for factories.

• to be aware of the positive and negative effects that this new power source had.

• Factories

attracted

people from

countryside to

work.

Factory owners started to build houses for their workers, shops, churches and inns.

Tiny villages became large towns

Small towns became huge, overcrowded cities.

• Better than

domestic system.

• The promise of

regular work and

good wages.

• Good but factory

owners faced a

problem.

• The waterwheel

could not turn

• No power

• No work

• Hot weather

• Water low

• Machines went

slowly

• Work stopped

• Work would

not start until

it rained.

• Water power was

not reliable so new

power was wanted.

Steam Engine

Pump water out

of underground

mines

1st

Steam

Engine

slow

expensive

Kept

breaking

down

• 1768

• James Watt with

the help of

Matthew Boulton

developed new and

efficient steam

engine.

Steam Engine

• Turned a wheel just like a river.

• Hence, more and more factory owners were interested as machines could be powered using steam.

Affected Britain

Faster and more reliable

Factories didn’t have to be built next to the river.

They could be built anywhere

More and more people left countryside.

Produced other things

Industry had become merchandised and known as ‘the workshop of the world.’