How could I miss that defect? Inattentional blindness · file „Dividing Slides.pptx“(change to presentation mode to download) and paste it here. How big is the problem? The next

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Dr Andrew Brown SQS, AssystemsTechnologies

How could I miss that defect?Inattentional blindness

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How many basketball passes?


How many basketball passes?

Web

Local

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJG698U2Mvo

Assets/Basketball passes.mp4


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Spotting the unexpected



• Testing

• Airport security

• Immigration officers

• Customs officials

• Aviation


How good are we?


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How big is the problem?


The next second we do the same again

Sensory

Input

10 million

Bits/second

Conscious processing~ 8 – 40 Bits/second


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Why do we have perception & attention?



• To take action

• Solve problem relevant to our evolutionary fitness


Problems are distinct

• Is this a predator?

• Object classification

• Is it coming towards me?

• Motion


Adaptation & exaptation

• Feature acquires a function for which it was not originally adapted


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Some aspects of perception



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Mack & Rock



Mack & Rock

Simulation of Mack & Rock

Assets/Mack and Rock.pptx


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Rensink and Clarke



Rensink and Clarke

Simulations of Rensink & Clarke

Simulations 2

Assets/Rensink O Regan Clark 002 with spacing.pptx

Assets/Rensink O Regan Clark 003 no spacing.pptx

Rensink and Clarke

Implications:

1. Dual screen PCs are AN ABSOLUTE BARGAIN

2. Head Up displays?


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Perceptual load


Perceptual load

Increased perceptual load leads to reduced ability to

spot unexpected events


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Effect of sound


Effect of sound

Instructions:

1. Take an input A

2. Multiply by…


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External factors


External factors

• Wakefulness

• Ego depletion

• Practise


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Attentional set

Most et al



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The invisible gorilla revisited


What is the attentionally demanding task?

Counting the number of passes of white team

What is the attentional set?

White shirted players

What is the irrelevant set?

Black shirted players

What is the salient object?

Gorilla

• What if

• No attentional task?

• What if

• Attentional set – black clothed athlete?

• What if

• Salient event – polar bear?

The invisible gorilla revisited

Invisible gorilla viewed by basketball stars


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The visual process


The visual process

Optics Retina Mind Action

The visual process

Classification

Motion

Mind

Colour

Facial recognition

Identify mood

So what?

The visual process

Feedback circuits are often bigger than feed-forward

FunctionFunction


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Visual versus Attentional


Visual versus Attentional

• So far, focussed on visual

• Attentional e.g.

• Document attend to meaning, or layout


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Mitigation


Mitigation

(Mostly) a trade-off

Mitigation

Dual screen monitors

Mitigation

Pair testing

(Caution)

Mitigation

Automated replay

Mitigation

Task division

Compartmentalisation

Mitigation

Task aids

- Checklists

Reduce distractions

Mitigation

Reduce ego depletion

(Ergonomics)

Mitigation

Reduce perceptual load

Reduce mental load

Any Questions:

• SLIDO.COM

• SLI.DO

•#test2018

Thank you for your attention.

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SQSDr Andrew BrownPhone: +44 (0) 20 7448 [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]