Household travel surveys how to carry them out ? Method and a few results

Marie-Odile GASCON, Certu SHANGHAI, Forum THNS, 11 – 14 Novembre 2008 12/11/2008 1

Household travel surveys how to carry them out ?

Method and a few results


« Certu standard » household travel surveys

• The implication of the Ministry of Transport : funding and methodology

• Main characteristics• Use of the results : transport planning,

evaluation• A few general results


Standardized and consistent travel surveys

Local travel surveys in urban areas : • big towns EMD• large areas EDGT• medium size towns EDVM

• and a National Transport Survey ENT


Ministry of transport involved in local travel surveys (1)

Funding•A subsidy (20 % of the cost of the survey) if the Certu method is used, the Certu control accepted and the files given to the Ministry of Transport•A free assistance to the local authority to carry out the survey (10 % to 20% of the total cost)


Ministry of transport involved in local travel surveys (2)

Methodology• A free assistance by Certu to the local authorities

in charge of transport policy : information and advice about surveys (by mail, telephone, and a worshop of one day)

• Certu built standardized methods, gives all the elements needed to carry out the survey (questionnaires, documents required, training kit, etc.)

• Certu checks if the method is respected and validates it : 5 steps of control


Certu builds a standardized method

• A guidebook has been published, sold on our website : www.certu.fr

•All the material needed is on a Cd Rom joined to the guidebook (questionnaires, letters, list of controls required, etc.)


« Certu standard » method

• Described in detail in the guidebook :– Management of the survey– Sample drawing– Quality control of data colelction– Data files building– Standard exploitation of the results– Use for models, environmental diagnosis


Training kit

Two days of training for the interviewers :• Definitions, method• Training exercices• Two training surveys

Given to local authorities carrying out a survey with the « Certu standard » method


Questionnaire

4 parts :• Household : housing, motorisation, vehicles

parking, composition of the household• Persons : socio-démographic characteristics

(age, profession, etc.), practice of the different transport modes

• Trips : all those made the previous day, origine, destination, activity done, mode, time, place

• Opinion on transports, priorities to give locally in the city life


The sample• An urban area broken down into sectors, as

homogeneous as possible in terms of urban and social structure

• An exhaustive file of main residences• A sample selected at random, large

enough to ensure minimum reliability of the results allowing a cross-sectional analysis

• Sample rate : 1% to 2%

A representative sample


Who and how ?

• Face-to-face, at home in the urban areas (EMD), telephone in the other areas (EDGT, EDVM)

• EMD : all people aged 5 and above in the household, face-to-face, at home

• EDGT and EDVM : one or two people in the household (depending on the size of it) aged 11 and above, telephone


When and what ?

• A working day (surveys carried out from Tuesday to Saturday on the trips made the previous day)

• 10 weeks of data collection (EMD), 7 weeks (EDVM and EDGT), in the period from 15 October to 30 April (bank holidays and school holidays excuded)

• All the trips made in the urban area and the steps of each of them


“Follow-up calls”and codification

•Systematic follow-up calls are required to collect all travel data•To allow a precise codification, purposes and transport modes are very detailed : 34 purposes and 21 modes


A national database with reliable and comparable data

• A hundred of surveys carried out in about 60 big towns (most of them around France)

• About 15 medium size towns• A dozen of surveys carried out in large

areas (urban + rural)• A national survey on the whole French

territory (urban and rural areas)


A tool for transport planning policy

• To implement transport policies made compulsory by law (Urban Local Travel Plans)

• To give decision makers reliable data to make their decisions

• To evaluate transport policies, measure their impacts

• To compare transport policies in time and among urban areas, study the main trends

• To build scenarios and forecast


Some mobility indicators

• From 2 to 2,5 activities per person and per working day

• From 3,5 to 4 trips per person and per working day

• From 12 km to 16 km made in the urban area

• Travel speed from 15 km/h to 20 km/h


• A daily transport time rather stable (one hour)

• The ratio “number of cars per person” is increasing

• Rising distances travelled• Travel speed increases (cars)• Less walking and cycling, more car trips

Main trends of French mobility


More and more cars

TAUX DE MOTORISATIONPERSONNES

ParisParis

Paris

Paris

Saint Nazaire

Voiron

Reims

Reims

Aix

Aix

Amiens

Amiens

Angers

Avignon

Côte Basque Beaujolais

Belfort

Belfort

Belfort

Besancon

Bethune

Bordeaux

Bordeaux

Bordeaux Brest

Cherbourg

Clermont

Clermont

Dijon

DouaiDunkerque

Dunkerque

Elbeuf

Etang De Berre

Etang De Berre

Fort De FranceGrenoble

Grenoble

Grenoble

Grenoble

Le Havre

Le Havre

Le Mans

Lens

Lille

Lille

LilleLille

Lorient

Lyon

Lyon

Lyon

Lyon

Marseille

Marseille

Marseille

Maubeuge

Metz

Montpellier

Mulhouse

Nancy

Nancy

Nantes

Nantes

Côte d'azur

Nord IserePau

Perpignan

Pointe A Pitre

Reims

Rennes

Rennes

Rennes

Rouen

Rouen

Saint Etienne

Saint Etienne

Savoie

Strasbourg

Strasbourg

Toulon

Toulon

Toulouse

Toulouse

Toulouse

Toulouse

Troyes

Valence

Valence

Valenciennes

Valenciennes

Vienne

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

0.50

0.55

0.60

0.65

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

Number of cars per person


Car trips increase but has the trend changed recently ?

MOBILITÉ EN VOITURE

ParisParis

Paris

Paris

Saint Nazaire

Voiron

Vienne

Valenciennes

Valenciennes

Valence

Valence

Troyes Toulouse

Toulouse

Toulouse

Toulouse

Toulon

Toulon

Strasbourg

Strasbourg

Savoie

Saint Etienne

Saint Etienne

Rouen

Rouen RennesRennes

Rennes

Reims

Reims

Reims

Pointe A Pitre

Perpignan

Pau

Nord Isere

Côte d'azur

Nantes

Nantes

Nancy

Nancy

Mulhouse

Montpellier

Metz

Maubeuge

Marseille

Marseille

Marseille

Lyon

Lyon

Lyon

Lyon

Lorient

Lille

Lille

Lille

Lille

LensLe Mans

Le Havre

Le Havre

Grenoble

Grenoble

Grenoble

Grenoble

Fort De France

Etang De Berre

Etang De Berre Elbeuf

Dunkerque

DunkerqueDouai

Dijon

Clermont

Clermont

Cherbourg

Brest

Bordeaux

Bordeaux

Bordeaux

Bethune

Besancon

Belfort

Belfort

Belfort

Beaujolais

Côte Basque

Avignon

Angers

Amiens

Amiens

Aix

Aix

1.00

1.20

1.40

1.60

1.80

2.00

2.20

2.40

2.60

2.80

3.00

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

Nombre de déplacements par

personne et par jour

Number of daily car trips per person


The other transport modes (= all except car) are decreasing

PART DE MARCHE DES MODES ALTERNATIFS A LA VOITURE (TOUS MODES)

ParisParis

Paris

Paris

Saint Nazaire

VoironVienne

Valenciennes

Valenciennes

Valence

Valence

TroyesToulouse

ToulouseToulouse

Toulouse

Toulon

Toulon

Strasbourg

Strasbourg

Savoie

Saint Etienne

Saint Etienne

Rouen

Rouen

Rennes

Rennes

Rennes

ReimsReims

Reims

Pointe A Pitre

Perpignan

Pau

Nord Isere

Côte d'azur

Nantes

Nantes

Nancy

Nancy

Mulhouse

MontpellierMetz

Maubeuge

Marseille

Marseille

Marseille

Lyon

Lyon

Lyon

Lyon

Lorient

Lille

Lille

Lille

Lille

Lens

Le Mans

Le HavreLe Havre

GrenobleGrenoble

Grenoble

Grenoble

Fort De FranceEtang De BerreEtang De Berre

Elbeuf Dunkerque

Dunkerque

Douai

Dijon

ClermontClermont

Cherbourg

Brest

Bordeaux

Bordeaux

Bordeaux

Bethune

Besancon

Belfort

Belfort

Belfort

Beaujolais

Côte Basque

Avignon

AngersAmiens

Amiens

AixAix

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

50%

55%

60%

65%

70%

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

Proportion of daily trips per person made with any transport modes except cars


Conclusion

• An objective tool, accepted and acknowledged by everybody

• A national database, useful to measure, evaluate, compare

• A complex but rich tool, reliable and imitated by several other countries …

Documents

Household travel surveys how to carry them out ? Method and a few results