Horse

The Horse is a single-hooved (ungulate) mammal belonging to the taxonomic family Equidae. The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million years from a small multi-toed creature into the large, single-toed animal of today. Horses in the subspecies caballus are domesticated, although some domesticated populations live in the wild as feral horses. These feral populations are not true wild horses, as this term is used to describe horses that have never been domesticated, such as the endangered Przewalski’s Horse, a separate subspecies, and the only remaining true wild horse.

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Subclass: Theria

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Perissodactyla

Family: Equidae

Genus: Equus

Species: E. ferus

Subspecies: E. f. caballus

Classification

The horses' anatomy enables them to make use of speed to escape predators and they have a well-developed sense of balance and a strong fight or flight instinct. Related to this need to flee from predators in the wild is an unusual trait: horses are able to sleep both standing up and lying down. gestation lasts for approximately 335–340 days and usually results in one foal, twins are rare in horses. Horses are a precocial species, and foals are capable of standing and running within a short time following birth. Horses are herbivores with a digestive system adapted to a forage diet of grasses and other plant material, consumed steadily throughout the day. Therefore they have a relatively small stomach but very long intestines to facilitate a steady flow of nutrients.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse

1. Coxal tuber of ilium (point of haunch)2. Wing of ilium3. Sacral tuber of ilium (point of croup)4. Ilium of pelvic bone5. Greater ischiatic notch in dorsal border of ilium of pelvic bone (converted into a greater ischiatic foramen by sacrosciatic ligament)6. Ischiatic spine7. Lesser ischiatic notch in dorsal border of ischium of pelvic bone (converted into a lesser ischiatic foramen by sacrosciatic ligament)8. Ischium of pelvic bone9. Ischiatic tuber (point of buttock or seat bone)10. Obturator foramen (Normally blocked my obturaor foramen)11. Hip joint12. Pecten of pubic bone13. Pubis of pelvic bone

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Skeleton of pelvis and hindlimb

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1. Supf. Inguinal ring2. Wing of ilium3. Muscular lacuna4. Greater ischial notch5. Ischial spine 6. Body of iscium7. Ischial tuber

8. Tabula of ischium9. Pelvic symphysis10. Pecten11. Groove for obturator n. and vessles12. Psoas minor tubercle13. Arcuate line

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1. Coxal tuber2. Iliac crest3. Wing of ilium4. Sacral tuber5. Sacropelvic surface6. Body of ilium and ventral caudl iliac spine

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7. Psoas line8. Arcuate line9. Pelvic symphysis10. Body of ischium11. Ischial tuber12. Ischial arch

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1. Tabula of ischium

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