Hoover vs FDR.ppt

8/17/2019 Hoover vs FDR.ppt

1/29

Hoover’s vs. FDR’s Response

to the Great Depression


2/29

Herbert Hoover’s Biography

• Supported Laissez Faire government

• Very nte!!igent " graduated #rom Stan#ord$president o# %orne!! &niversity

• n ''($ organized #ood drive #or starving )ivi!iansin Be!gium

• *#ter the +ar organized a Re!ie# #or many ,uropean)ountries to he!p stabi!ize some o# the e)onomies

• Great Humanitarian


3/29

First -ear o# residen)y

• naugurated /ar)h$ (010

• ,)onomy +as booming2

• Sto)3 /ar3et %rash$ 4)tober 10th$ (010

• %ommon er)eption ,)onomy +as #ineunti! Hoover )ame in


4/29

5 rob!ems +ith Hoover

(. 4n)e e)onomy )o!!apses$ Hoover gets theb!ame.

1. Hoover is a mi!!ionaire " resented by su##eringpeop!e #or that

6. 7he rob!ems during the Great Depression arerea!!y rea!!y bad.

5. His po!i)ies during his presiden)y are ine##e)tive


5/29

'orst hase " (0689(066

• Hit #armers hard :huge surp!us o# #ood;

• Farmer Revolts, Bonus Army

• Ban3 Fai!ures• &nemp!oyment " rea)hes as high as 1,vi)tions


6/29

H44V,R’s o!i)ies in the

GR,*7 D,R,SS4?


7/29

H44V,R

• 'e +i!! no+ Dis)uss Hoover’s Responseto the Great Depression

• *na!yze ea)h o# his Responses to theGreat Depression


8/29

(. Smoot Ha+!ey 7ari##

• ,@treme!y High 7ari##

• Hoover +aned to raise tari## higher to prote)t &S

goods

Analyze

Outcome: (. Raises the )ost o# goods1. 7he tari## +as one o# the %auses o# theDepression2


9/29

1. residentia! 4ptimism

• Hoover gave spee)hes in +hi)h he said this is atemporary prob!em and en)ouraged peop!e to be positivethin3ers

Analyze

Outcome:

(. ?ot rea!!y so!ving anything$ )ou!d be thought o# as a

!iar i# things don’t +or3 out.1. *ngered eop!e b>) he is a mi!!ionaire2

9 %ardboard bo@ homes Hoovervi!!es

9 ?e+spaper b!an3ets Hoover B!an3et

9 ant o)3et turned out Hoover F!ag


10/29

6. 7a@es

• Be!ie# +as i# he %ut ta@es peop!e +i!! havemore A to spend

Analyze

Outcome:

(. eop!e have no money to begin +ith to beta@ed$ so !ess ta@es does not matter

1. L,SS G4V,R?/,?7 S,?D?G222

6. eop!e may hoard A$ not spend it


11/29

5. !ead +ith Big Business

• Hoover begged ,mp!oyers to rehire$ open up#a)tories

Analyze

Outcome:

- Businesses )an’t se!! )an’t pay emp!oyees )an’t rehire b>) there is no +or3 to be done


12/29

) Hoover )ut ta@es


13/29

. %harity

• *s3 *meri)ans to be %haritab!e• Give A to )harity$ !oan to neighbors$ invite

troub!ed neighbors to dinner

Analyze

Outcome:

9 7his is on!y a 7emporary So!ution9 Gap bet+een +ea!thy and poor is so big$+ea!thy )ou!d not give enough to he!p2


14/29

C. Re)onstru)tion Finan)e%orporation :R.F.%.;

• rogram estab!ished in (061 that gaveFed government !oans to ban3s andbusiness to he!p them re9adust

Analyze

Outcome: Good idea$ but +aits too !ongand does not go #ar enough in Federa! *id


15/29

7he (061 residentia! ,!e)tion• *midst the Great Depression$ the presidentia! e!e)tion o#

(061 too3 p!a)e.

• Fran3!in D. Rooseve!t )ha!!enged Repub!i)an in)umbentHoover as the Demo)rati) )andidate in the (061residentia! ,!e)tion.

• Given +hat you !earned about the situation in *meri)aduring the Great Depression$ ho+ do you imagine the pub!i)voted and +hyE

v>s


16/29


17/29

7he (061 ,!e)tion

• Demo)rati) arty9 FDR 5C1 e!e)tora! votes:.0=;

• Repub!i)an party9 Herbert Hoover


18/29

'hat shou!d FDR doE

• FDR +as s+ept into o##i)e over Hoover$+ith ?orth %aro!ina’s voters giving him

50C$


19/29

I7he )ountry needsJbo!d$persistent e@perimentation. t

is )ommon sense to ta3e a

method and try it. # it #ai!s$admit it #ran3!y and tryanother. But above a!! try

something.K Fran3!in Rooseve!t$ (061


20/29

FDR’s (066 nauguration

• *s +e !isten to the #irst #e+ minutes o#FDR’s address$ )onsider +hat his goa!s+ere. 'hat is the tone and purpose o# the

spee)hE 'hy do you thin3 this is thedire)tion he )hose to ta3e in his inaugura!addressE


21/29

I7his is a day o# nationa! )onse)ration. *nd am )ertain that onthis day my #e!!o+ *meri)ans e@pe)t that on my indu)tion into theresiden)y +i!! address them +ith a )andor and a de)ision +hi)h thepresent situation o# our peop!e impe!s. 7his is preeminent!y the time tospea3 the truth$ the +ho!e truth$ #ran3!y and bo!d!y. ?or need +e shrin3#rom honest!y #a)ing )onditions in our )ountry today. 7his great ?ation

+i!! endure as it has endured$ +i!! revive and +i!! prosper. So$ #irst o# a!!$!et me assert my #irm be!ie# that the on!y thing +e have to #ear is #earitse!#Mname!ess$ unreasoning$ unusti#ied terror +hi)h para!yzesneeded e##orts to )onvert retreat into advan)e. n every dar3 hour o#our nationa! !i#e a !eadership o# #ran3ness and vigor has met +ith thatunderstanding and support o# the peop!e themse!ves +hi)h is essentia!to vi)tory. *nd am )onvin)ed that you +i!! again give that support to!eadership in these )riti)a! days.K

FDR’s (066 naugurationhttpN>>(C5.(61.(06.(08>eiden>>mp6)!ips>po!iti)a!spee)hes>#dr#irstinaugura!((116.mp6

http://174.132.193.190/~eiden/mp3clips/politicalspeeches/fdrfirstinaugural11223.mp3http://174.132.193.190/~eiden/mp3clips/politicalspeeches/fdrfirstinaugural11223.mp3


22/29

In su)h a spirit on my part and on yours +e #a)e our)ommon di##i)u!ties. 7hey )on)ern$ than3 God$ on!ymateria! things. Va!ues have shrun3en to #antasti) !eve!sOta@es have risenO our abi!ity to pay has #a!!enO governmento# a!! 3inds is #a)ed by serious )urtai!ment o# in)omeO the

means o# e@)hange are #rozen in the )urrents o# tradeO the+ithered !eaves o# industria! enterprise !ie on every sideO#armers #ind no mar3ets #or their produ)eO the savings o#many years in thousands o# #ami!ies are gone.

/ore important$ a host o# unemp!oyed )itizens #a)e thegrim prob!em o# e@isten)e$ and an ePua!!y great numbertoi! +ith !itt!e return. 4n!y a #oo!ish optimist )an deny thedar3 rea!ities o# the moment.K



23/29

I-et our distress )omes #rom no #ai!ure o# substan)e. 'e arestri)3en by no p!ague o# !o)usts. %ompared +ith the peri!s+hi)h our #ore#athers )onPuered be)ause they be!ieved and+ere not a#raid$ +e have sti!! mu)h to be than3#u! #or. ?aturesti!! o##ers her bounty and human e##orts have mu!tip!ied it.

!enty is at our doorstep$ but a generous use o# it !anguishesin the very sight o# the supp!y. rimari!y this is be)ause ru!erso# the e@)hange o# man3inds goods have #ai!ed through theiro+n stubbornness and their o+n in)ompeten)e$ haveadmitted their #ai!ure$ and have abdi)ated. ra)ti)es o# the

uns)rupu!ous money )hangers stand indi)ted in the )ourt o#pub!i) opinion$ ree)ted by the hearts and minds o# men.K



24/29

7he First (88 Days

“...in the event that Congress shall fail to take

these courses and in the event that the national

emergency is still critical I shall not evade the clearcourse or duty that will then confront me. I shall ask the

Congress for the one remaining instrument to meet the

crisis—broad executive power to wage a war against

the emergency, as great as the power that would begiven to me if we were in fact to be invaded by a foreign

foe.”

!"#, $%&& Inauguration


25/29

7he First (88 Days• Rooseve!ts over+he!ming vi)tory in the (061 e!e)tion$

)oup!ed +ith the urgen)y o# the +orst e)onomi) )o!!apse in&.S. history$ opened the +ay #or a #!ood o# !egis!ation.

• mmediate!y a#ter ta3ing o##i)e$ Rooseve!t )a!!ed on%ongress to )onvene and begin responding to the e)onomi))risis.

• %ongress met #or (88 days$ granting every rePuestRooseve!t as3ed$ and even passed a #e+ programs :su)h asthe FD% to insure ban3 a))ounts; that he opposed.

• From /ar)h 5$ (066 to Qune ($ (066$ ( maor pie)es o#!egis!ation :the ?e+ Dea!; +ere ena)ted to improve

*meri)an !i#e and e)onomi)s.


26/29

7he ?e+ Dea!

• Fran3!in Rooseve!ts ?e+ Dea! +as the po!iti)a!response to the Great Depression.

• Historians distinguish a First ?e+ Dea! :(066; and a Se)ond ?e+ Dea!:(06596;.

• 7he ?e+ Dea! estab!ished the #oundation o# the modern +e!#are state +hi!e

preserving the )apita!ist system.• Legis!ation passed as part o# the ?e+ Dea! e@perimented +ith a ne+ !eve!

o# governmenta! a)tivism in an attempt to re!ieve so)ia! and e)onomi)su##ering o# *meri)ans.

• Federa! ?e+ Dea! programs addressed areas su)h as business$

agri)u!ture$ !abor$ the arts$ and even peop!es dai!y !ives.• Despite a mi@ed !ega)y +ith respe)t to re)overy and re#orm$ the po!iti)a!

response under Rooseve!t proved that the e)onomi) )risis did not rePuire *meri)ans to abandon demo)ra)y.


27/29


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29/29

Documents

Hoover vs FDR.ppt