Homeowner’s Handbook - CAA-Quebec · WINDOWS Whether it’s of the sliding, hung, or casement type, every window in your house has weatherstripping and specific mechanisms that

Homeowner’s HandbookTake inventory of the equipment and systems in your house or condo to get a better idea of its condition, plan maintenance, and schedule repair work.

A GUIDE TO COMPLETE AT YOUR OWN PACEUse this handbook to take note of important information about your property, from the year your water heater was installed to the year the roof covering was replaced.

Why keeping all this information in one place is important:

• By tracking the history of your equipment and appliances, you’ll have a better idea of when to replace them.

• It makes following up with retailers, installers and manufacturers easier.

• You’ll be able to demonstrate the condition of your property when the time comes to sell it.

• You’ll have all relevant information handy when you renew your home insurance policy.

Save this guide to your computer: you can fill in the information electronically, or print a hard copy and complete it by hand. To do this, use the free Adobe Reader software application.

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Information about your home

Street address: ________________________________________________________________________________________________

City: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Province: ____________________________________________________ Postal Code: ________________________________

Year built: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Deed and cadastral number: ______________________________________________________________________________

Surveyor’s name: ______________________________________________________________________________________________

Notary’s name: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

Certificate of location number: ___________________________________________________________________________

Date of certification: _________________________________________________________________________________________

Area of house or private portion of condo (e.g.: 24 × 40 ft. = 960 sq. ft.):

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Notes and other relevant information_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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FoundationEvery home’s stability depends on the condition of the foundation. So be vigilant. Inspect the foundation each spring and fall: look for cracks, signs of water infiltration or efflorescence (chalky, crystalline powder). To ensure the durability of your foundation, hire a specialist to find out what the problem is and make the necessary repairs. Also, make sure the grade slopes away from the walls, so that water runs away from the foundation.

FoundationType of foundation: ___________________________________________________________________________________________

Year laid: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Pointers to help determine the age of the foundation and whether a drain is present

FOUNDATIONBefore 1920:

• Stone (rubble) joined with mortar

After 1920:

• Concrete cast in place with temporary formwork

• Concrete blocks (for difficult-to-access areas)

Since 1986:

• Concrete cast in place with permanent formwork and insulation (not as common)

DRAINBefore 1950:

• Rarely present

1950 until late 1960s:

• Perforated concrete or clay pipe

Late 1960s to today:

• Perforated high-density polyethylene

Since 2006, for example in areas exposed to iron ochre:

• Perforated, smooth-walled rigid PVC, connected to vertical cleanouts

Insurance tip – Some insurers cover water damage for homes with foundations that are less than 50 years old. CAA-Quebec Home Insurance offers this coverage.


Exterior claddingYour home’s exterior cladding must be a leak-proof barrier to wind and rain, and be resistant to both insects and small animals. It is therefore crucial that there be no breaches.

CladdingType of cladding: ______________________________________________________________________________________________

Brands and models: __________________________________________________________________________________________

Initial cost (or estimated replacement cost): ________________________________________________________

Installation date (or estimated age): ____________________________________________________________________

Manufacturers/installers/warrantiesManufacturer: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Installer: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Warranties provided: ________________________________________________________________________________________

AVERAGE LIFESPAN OF CLADDING

Wood fibre: 25 years or more

Asbestos cement boards: 40 years or more

Brick or stone masonry: 75 years or more

Exterior coatings: 20 years or more

Steel: 50 years or more

Aluminum: 20 to 50 years

Vinyl: 50 years

Wood: 15 years or more, depending on maintenance


Doors and windowsDoors and windows must be a defence against rain, cold, excessive heat, UV radiation, noise and even intruders. They must open and close easily and provide as much light and ventilation as possible. Their components, starting with the glass, must therefore be highly efficient.

EXTERIOR DOORSExterior doors must remain sturdy and leak-proof. Besides knobs and locks, the components most susceptible to wear and tear are the sill and weatherstripping.

Front doorType: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Brand and model: _____________________________________________________________________________________________



Other doorsTypes: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Brands and models: __________________________________________________________________________________________




Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Installer: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________


AVERAGE LIFESPAN OF OUTSIDE DOORS

Solid pine or cedar: 15 to 30 years

Insulated steel: 15 to 30 years

Composite (wood, fibreglass, aluminum): 20 to 40 years

Sliding patio door: 10 to 20 years


WINDOWSWhether it’s of the sliding, hung, or casement type, every window in your house has weatherstripping and specific mechanisms that need maintenance. Sealed window glass can also fail in certain cases.

Main windowsType: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Brand and model: _____________________________________________________________________________________________

Type of frame material and glass: ______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________



Other windowsType: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Brand and model: _____________________________________________________________________________________________

Type of frame material and glass: ______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________




Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Installer: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________


TYPES OF WINDOW

Sliding Hung

Casement Awning

AVERAGE LIFESPAN OF WINDOWS AND GLASS

Sealed glazing units: 10 to 20 years

Wood: 15 to 30 years

Wood covered in aluminum or PVC: 15 to 30 years

PVC: 15 to 30 years

Aluminum: 20 to 40 years


GARAGE DOORA garage door consists of several panels pulled along metal rails by powerful springs. It includes several mechanical parts, safety devices as well as weatherstripping. Regular maintenance is a must to ensure your garage door does not become a danger to users.

Garage doorType: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Brand and model: _____________________________________________________________________________________________

Type of opener and power rating (HP): _________________________________________________________________



Manufacturers/installers/warrantiesDoor manufacturer: __________________________________________________________________________________________

Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Door opener manufacturer: _______________________________________________________________________________

Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Installer: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________


AVERAGE LIFESPAN OF DOORS AND OPENING MECHANISM

Insulated steel: 15 to 25 years

Insulated aluminum: 15 to 30 years

Cedar: 10 to 25 years

Automatic door opener: 8 to 12 years


Balconies and decksThe typical useful life of a balcony or deck is 20 years. It varies depending on the materials used, construction quality, wear and tear, and exposure to the elements. You can extend that lifespan by making the right decisions and providing proper care.

BALCONIES AND DECKS WITH SLIGHTLY SPACED BOARDSThese balconies or decks allow water to run off between the boards quickly and are easy to repair. Parts of the sub-structure are exposed to the elements, however.

Currently installed balcony/deckType of boards: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

Brand (or wood species) and model: ___________________________________________________________________




Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Brand of initial sealant: _____________________________________________________________________________________

Installer: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________


AVERAGE LIFESPAN OF OPEN-DECK MODELS

Pressure-treated lumber (pine, fir or spruce): 15 years or moreApply protective sealant every 2 or 3 years after initial drying.

Photo: Les Piliers de l’Estrie, a CAA-Quebec Approved Supplier

Cedar over pressure-treated lumber structure: 20 to 30 yearsProtect the cedar boards from fading using anti-UV sealant.

Photo: Patio et clôtures Beaulieu, a CAA-Quebec Approved Supplier

Synthetic boards over pressure-treated lumber structure: 40 years or moreRecycled plastic and composite products need no protective coatings.

Photo: Les Paysages Rodier, a CAA-Quebec Approved Supplier


BALCONIES AND DECKS WITH SOLID DECKINGThese floors provide a smooth, watertight surface, but must incorporate a 2% slope to keep water from pooling. There must be proper ventilation underneath so that the sub-structure can dry quickly in case of water infiltration.

Currently installed balcony/deckType of panel: ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

Brand and model: _____________________________________________________________________________________________




Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Installer: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________


AVERAGE LIFESPAN OF PANELLED DECK SURFACES

Douglas fir plywood with protective coating: 15 years or morePanels must be painted and the joints between them sealed.

Plywood with fibreglass coating: 20 years or moreNeeds no maintenance, but will deteriorate rapidly if water gets under the fibreglass coating. Panels with rounded edges are more durable than those with sharp edges.

Photo: Balcon idéal, a CAA-Quebec Approved Supplier

Fibre cement: 40 years or moreHeavy, but non-flammable and very resistant (requires no protection). Can be painted (paint product must be alkali-resistant).

Photo: Finex (manufacturer)


RoofDay in day out, your roof protects your home from inclement weather, and helps safeguard the building’s integrity. The slightest fault requires immediate action. Keep a close eye on things!

SLOPED ROOFSince a sloped roof is visible from the ground, you can monitor its condition and take rapid action if ever you notice a problem. But the danger may also lurk within, so an attic inspection is sometimes necessary.

Current roofType of covering: ______________________________________________________________________________________________

Brand and model: _____________________________________________________________________________________________




Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Roof vent manufacturer: ___________________________________________________________________________________

Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Installer: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________


Insurance tip – Home insurance providers cover roofs based on their age. CAA-Quebec Home Insurance, for example, covers asphalt-shingle coverings less than 25 years old, and sheet-steel coverings less that are 50 years old or less.

AVERAGE LIFESPAN OF SLOPED-ROOF COVERINGS

Asphalt shingles: 15 to 25 years

Fibreglass-reinforced asphalt shingles: 20 to 40 years

Screwed sheet steel: 30 to 40 years

Granule-coated steel shingles: 30 to 50 years


FLAT ROOFFlat or near-horizontal roofs require application of a seamless waterproof coating that directs rainwater into drains or other exit points.

Current roofType of covering: ______________________________________________________________________________________________

Brand and model: _____________________________________________________________________________________________




Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Roof vent manufacturer: ___________________________________________________________________________________

Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Installer: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________


AVERAGE LIFESPAN OF FLAT-ROOF COVERINGS

Asphalt and gravel (multilayer): 20 to 55 years on depending on number of layers, quality of work and maintenance.This kind of coating, installed on roofs in Quebec for more than a century, consists of alternating layers of asphalt (bitumen) and felt, with a top layer of gravel.

SBS elastomer membrane (dual-layer): close to 30 yearsIn use since the 1980s, SBS modified asphalt membrane roof coatings are made up of long sheets covered with granules. The sheets are rolled onto a base layer and either heat-welded with a blowtorch or cold-applied using adhesive.

Photo: Toitures Mario Dicaire, a CAA-Quebec Approved Supplier

Single-ply membrane: 25 to 40 years, depending on manufacturerThis category includes thermoplastic (TPO, PVC) and thermosetting (EPDM) membranes. Experts say a 60 mil membrane (i.e., 1.5 mm thick) offers a longer lifespan.

Photo: Émile Lelièvre couvreur ferblantier, a CAA-Quebec Approved Supplier


Mechanical ventilationAir quality is an important factor in the comfort and well-being of everyone living in your house. Neglecting it may lead to problems such as headaches, tiredness, difficulty concentrating, asthma, and skin or respiratory irritation.

Today’s houses use mechanical ventilation to ensure both comfort and energy efficiency. Without it, indoor air would quickly become overloaded with humidity and contaminants. Two types of equipment are needed: exhaust fans and exchangers.

EXHAUST FANSThese are devices that remove airborne contaminants at the source and vent them to the outside through ventilation ducts. Range hoods and bathroom fans are the most common examples. A house may also have an exhaust fan designed to vent underground gas, if radon has been detected in worrisome concentrations.

Range hoodManufacturer: __________________________________________________________________________________________________

Brand and model: _____________________________________________________________________________________________

Power (watts): __________________________________________________________________________________________________




Bathroom fanManufacturer: __________________________________________________________________________________________________

Brand and model: _____________________________________________________________________________________________

Power (watts): __________________________________________________________________________________________________




Radon exhaust fanManufacturer: __________________________________________________________________________________________________

Brand and model: _____________________________________________________________________________________________

Power (watts): __________________________________________________________________________________________________




AVERAGE LIFESPAN OF EXHAUST FANS

Range hood: 14 years

Bathroom fan: 10 years

Radon exhaust fan: 10 to 15 years


AIR EXCHANGERVenting stale air to the outside isn’t enough; fresh air also needs to be supplied to the inside. This is the job of the air exchanger. This device may also filter and, depending on the design, heat the air before redistributing it to a central area of the house. The choice of appliance depends on the indoor humidity in winter. A heat recovery ventilator (HRV) is best for homes with excess moisture, while an energy recovery ventilator (ERV) is the right choice for a drier house.

Air exchangerType of exchanger: HRV ERV

Brand and model: _____________________________________________________________________________________________

Power (watts): __________________________________________________________________________________________________




Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Installer: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________


AVERAGE LIFESPAN OF AN AIR EXCHANGER15 to 20 years

Photo: Venmar


Fire and electrical safetySafety devices allow you to react in a timely manner if a fire starts in the house or carbon monoxide (CO) is present. To avoid an incident, though, prevention is the best policy! Make sure your wood-fired heating appliance (if you have one) and your home’s electrical system are code-compliant, properly maintained, and properly used.

SAFETY DEVICESYou must have a smoke detector on every floor of the house, and CO detectors if your garage is connected to the house or you use any kind of combustion appliance. An extinguisher is the most effective accessory you can have if a fire starts somewhere in the house. Authorities recommend that you have one in the kitchen (well away from the stove), on the second floor, in the basement, as well as in the workshop and garage (if applicable).

In-service dates of safety devicesSmoke detectors: ____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

Carbon monoxide detectors: ______________________________________________________________________________

Extinguishers: __________________________________________________________________________________________________

AVERAGE LIFESPAN OF DEVICES

Smoke detectors: Replace every 10 years.Change the batteries once a year or as needed.

Photo: Kidde

Carbon monoxide detectors: Replace every 5 to 7 years.Change the batteries once a year or as needed.

Photo: Kidde

Single-use portable extinguisher: Replace every 6 years (check pressure once a year).

Photo: Kidde

Refillable portable extinguisher: Check pressure regularly and refill as needed. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions.

Photo: Kidde


AUXILIARY HEATINGWhether you have a factory-built stove or fireplace that burns wood, pellets or gas, the appliance and chimney must be installed in compliance with the manufacturer’s certification as well as the requirements of the National Building Code of Canada and your municipality’s bylaws. Make sure the chimney is cleaned periodically, and use the appliance reasonably.

Current heating applianceType of appliance and fuel: ________________________________________________________________________________

Brand and model: _____________________________________________________________________________________________

Puissance (BTU/h): ___________________________________________________________________________________________




Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Installer: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________


AVERAGE LIFESPAN OF APPLIANCES AND CHIMNEYS

• Factory-built stove/fireplace: 20 to 25 years

• Factory-built chimney: 25 to 30 years


ELECTRICAL SYSTEMElectricity serves us in countless ways, but if uncontrolled, it presents a risk of electrocution or fire. That is why only a certified electrician is allowed to install or modify the electrical system in a house.

Electrical service panelType of panel: Fuse panel Breaker panelTypically installed prior to 1975, fuse panels (or “fuse boxes”) may be insufficient for today’s needs.

Brand: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Capacity: 60 amperes 100 amperes 200 amperes 400 amperesPanels rated at 60 or 100 amperes are generally insufficient for today’s needs.

Number of circuits: ___________________________________________________________________________________________

Type of wiring Copper (before 1965): Usually ungrounded. Copper (1965 to today): Usually grounded. Aluminum (1970 to 1975): Important to know before renovating.

GROUND-FAULT CIRCUIT INTERRUPTER (GFCI)Bathroom: Yes NoOutdoor outlet: Yes NoRarely present if the house was built before the 1980s. There are new requirements for counter-top electrical outlets in the Quebec Electrical Code.

AVERAGE LIFESPAN OF WIRINGCopper wiring: 75 years or moreYou should have your home’s electrical system inspected by a certified electrician if this has never been done before, or if you are planning renovations.

Insurance tip – Insurers cover damage related to electrical service panels, but they have criteria regarding the age of the panel. CAA-Quebec Home Insurance, for example, covers panels that are less than 50 years old.


Plumbing systemA plumbing system properly connected to the water supply and sewers does not require much in the way of regular maintenance. To make sure your system is operating properly, you need only make a few routine checks (of the main water entry tap, toilet valves, backwater valves, etc.).

LINES AND PIPESTypes of water supply lines

Copper: In use for more than 70 years in all types of buildings. Lifespan: 75 years or more

Cross-linked polyethylene (PEX): On the market since 2000; often used in rural areas because it is resistant to hard water or acidic water from wells.

Good to know – “Water hammer” (banging noises and vibration when you shut off a tap quickly) can cause pipes to wear out prematurely. If you have water hammer issues, consider installing water hammer arrestors. As the name suggests, these are devices that reduce the impact of the water hammer effect.

Types of washing machine supply hoses Rubber: Replace within 10 years or if cracking appears. Stainless steel braided: Lasts 10 years or more. You should avoid cheaper models, however.

Types of sewer lines Cast iron: Used mainly before the 1960s. ABS plastic: Used since the 1960s.

Backwater valvesTo prevent sewer backup in the basement.

Single-family home: valve installed on the main drain pipe. Multiple-unit dwelling: valves installed on branch lines.

Insurance tip – Some insurers require you to have a backwater valve installed before they will cover you against water damage due to a sewer backup.


WATER HEATERDomestic water heaters run on electricity, gas or heating oil. They are reliable appliances that you needn’t be overly concerned about. If your water heater shows signs of failing, however, you must react quickly.

Water heaterType of heater (energy source): ___________________________________________________________________________

Brand and model: _____________________________________________________________________________________________

Tank capacity: __________________________________________________________________________________________________

The rating plate on the tank provides this information.




Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Installer: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________


AVERAGE LIFESPAN OF WATER HEATERS

• Electric/heating oil: approx. 12 years

• Gas: approx. 15 years

Insurance tip – Damage caused by water heater will be covered if the heater complies with the insurer’s age criteria. CAA-Quebec Home Insurance, for example, covers water heaters up to 12 years old.


Heating and air conditioningHome heating systems may be central, or consist of multiple independent units (space heaters) in separate rooms. Air conditioning systems follow the same principles.

CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMTwo main systems:

• Hydronic (hot-water) system with hot-water radiators powered by a circulating pump. Widespread until the 1960s.

• Forced-air system, which also offers air conditioning and purifying options.

Central heatingType of appliance: ____________________________________________________________________________________________

Energy source: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

Brand and model: _____________________________________________________________________________________________

Power (BTU/h or kW): ________________________________________________________________________________________




Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Installer: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________


AVERAGE LIFESPAN OF APPLIANCES

• Heating-oil- or gas-fired furnace: 18 to 25 years

• Electric heater: 20 to 25 years

• Boiler: 40 years


OIL TANKThe heating oil storage tank and its connections must be perfectly sealed. Have them inspected as part of the annual maintenance of your heating system. Be alert for any lingering odour of heating oil.

Currently installed tankType of tank: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Tank capacity (L or gal): _____________________________________________________________________________________



Since the early 1980s, the manufacturing date has been inscribed on tanks.


Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Installer: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________


AVERAGE LIFESPAN OF AN OIL TANK

• Single-wall steel tank, bottom fuel outlet• Indoor: 20 to 25 years• Outdoor: 15 years

• Double-wall steel or non-metallic tank• Indoor or outdoor: 50 years

Insurance tip – Insurance tip – Insurers will cover damage caused by a faulty oil tank, depending on its age. With CAA-Quebec Home Insurance, tanks located indoors are covered if they are less than 20 years old. Outdoor tanks are not covered.


ELECTRIC BASEBOARD HEATERS AND CONVECTION HEATERSBaseboard and convection heaters contain no mechanical parts, so they are fairly low-maintenance. If your house is heated with such a system, you should also have an air exchanger installed to ensure proper ventilation.

Currently installed heatersType of heaters (baseboard, convection): _____________________________________________________________

Control: Mechanical thermostat Electronic thermostatElectronic control provides greater comfort and energy efficiency.




Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Installer: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________


AVERAGE LIFESPAN OF EQUIPMENTElectric baseboard heaters and convection heaters: 25 years or more


HEAT PUMPS AND AIR CONDITIONERSThree main types:

• Central heat pumps and air conditioners: These devices connect to an existing forced-air central heating system and its ducting.

• Room heat pumps and air conditioners (split-system): These devices are ductless, and suitable for open spaces equipped with electric baseboard heaters.

• Geothermal (or “ground source”) heat pump: Uses earth energy to heat a home in winter and cool it in summer.

Currently installed systemType of device: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

Brand and model: _____________________________________________________________________________________________

Power (BTU/h): _________________________________________________________________________________________________




Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Installer: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Contact info: _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________


AVERAGE LIFESPAN OF DEVICES

• Central and room heat pumps and air conditioners: 10 to 15 years

• Geothermal heat pump: 15 to 20 years

• Underground loop: 50 years and up

Photo : Le Prohon, a CAA-Quebec approved supplier


Documents

Homeowner’s Handbook - CAA-Quebec · WINDOWS Whether it’s of the sliding, hung, or casement type, every window in your house has weatherstripping and specific mechanisms that