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Home Network and Sensor Networking technology
based on IPv6
Home Network and Sensor Networking technology
based on IPv6
Itaru MimuaNetwork Systems Research Dept.
Central Research Laboratory, Hitachi Ltd,.
Contents
Hitachi IPv6 Activities Hitachi IPv6 Activities 11Sensor Network Technology Sensor Network Technology 22RFID Technology: μ-chipRFID Technology: μ-chip33
All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2003,□□□□,Ltd.
3All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2004,Hitachi,Ltd.
Network Related R&D ActivitiesNetwork Related R&D Activities
Anywhere, Anytime with Mobile Broadband
The REAL The REAL IPv6 NetworkIPv6 Network
・DWDM・100Gbit Ethernet Switch/Router・Scalable RAID, Distributed NAS
・Mobile IPv6・Seamless Handover・Ad-hoc Networks・Software Radio
G SMPDC
cdmaOne
W-CDMAcdma2000
SeamlessRoaming
・Internet ready vehicle・Flexible Computing・IP Network system on Vehicle
High-Speed Networking
Advanced Mobility
Internet ITS
4All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2004,Hitachi,Ltd.
Network Related R&D Activities(Contd.)Network Related R&D Activities(Contd.)
Technologies for Secure Information Society
・Cyber Attack Protection・Telecom-ISAC・Document Data Management
・Bio-Metrics (Finger Vein, DNA)・μ-chip, Universal Tracing・Security Chip
Active Sensors・Active Tag/Sensor Node・Universal Tracking
μ-Chip
The REAL IPv6 Network
The REAL IPv6 Network
Data Security Management Network Security
Environment Sensing/Monitoring
5All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2004,Hitachi,Ltd.
‘95‘95‘96‘96
‘97‘97‘98‘98
‘99‘99200
0200
0‘01‘01
‘02‘02‘03‘03
IOL participationIOL participationIETF IETF RFCsRFCs
WIDE projectWIDE project
KAME ProjectKAME ProjectThai ProjectThai Project
USAGI ProjectUSAGI Project
IPv6ForumIPv6ForumIETFIETF
JGNJGNMetroMetro
SkanovaSkanova
IPv6 Pioneer in Japan: Inspire the Real IPv6 NetworkIPv6 Pioneer in Japan: Inspire the Real IPv6 Network
What we have done on IPv6!IPv6 Platform is ReadyWhat we have done on IPv6!IPv6 Platform is Ready
6All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2004,Hitachi,Ltd.
Utilizing IPv6 Networkingfor the Next Information SocietyUtilizing IPv6 Networkingfor the Next Information Society• IPv6 supports the Core of Broadband Services and
Beyond(Machine to Machine)
P2PP2P
MulticastMulticast
MobilityMobility
SecuritySecurity
• Address Space Exhaustion
4.3x109
Service CoreProblems
• Address-ManagementComplexity
• AddressReuse
•SecurityGateway
• Un-secureCommunication
•Rich IP address3.4×1038
IPv6IPv4
•PlannedAddressAllocation
•ConfigurationbasedManagement
• Flexible & Purpose-Specific
•NetworkLayerSecurity
• Dynamic Management(Plug & Play)
M2MM2M
7All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2004,Hitachi,Ltd.
Phase 1IPv4/v6
Dual Stack
Auto Configuration
QualityAssurance
MulticastOffice AnywhereOffice
Anywhere
ProfessionalSupportService
ProfessionalSupportService
PersonalSupportCenter
PersonalSupportCenter
Mobile OfficeEnvironmentMobile OfficeEnvironment
CommunityInformation
Service
CommunityInformation
Service
RemoteMedical Care
RemoteMedical Care
Automobile ServiceNetwork
Automobile ServiceNetwork
Network UsageControl System
Network UsageControl System
Phase 2IPv6 Service Platform
Phase 3Next Generation Network Environment
e-learninge-learning
Security
Mobility
IPv6 Transition Towards NGN Service/Application PlatformIPv6 Transition Towards NGN Service/Application Platform
• Three-phases of Transition to Next Generation Network Environment utilizing IPv6 Basic Capabilities
LogisticsTraceability
LogisticsLogisticsTraceabilityTraceability
Sensor NetworksSensor NetworksSensor Networks
8All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2004,Hitachi,Ltd.
IPv6 Platform is Ready to utilizeIPv6 Platform is Ready to utilize
• IPv6 ready equipment• Experience on real IPv6 Network operation
through several trials, interoperability events and actual commercial services
Current IP InfrastructureCurrent IP Infrastructure••Smooth TransitionSmooth Transition••Maximal current Asset utilizationMaximal current Asset utilization••New Service creation abilityNew Service creation ability Trace abilityTrace ability
Monitoring & SensingMonitoring & SensingNew IT/Social InfrastructureNew IT/Social Infrastructure••Solution for new social paradigmsSolution for new social paradigms••Maximize the cost/performanceMaximize the cost/performance••New Social Requirements(Security)New Social Requirements(Security) Digital HomeDigital Home
Contents
Hitachi IPv6 Activities Hitachi IPv6 Activities 11Sensor Network TechnologySensor Network Technology22RFID Technology: μ-chipRFID Technology: μ-chip33
All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2003,□□□□,Ltd.
All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2004,Hitachi,Ltd.
The Next Step in the IT Revolution:Machine to Machine/Sensor NetThe Next Step in the IT Revolution:Machine to Machine/Sensor Net
• Numerous Sensors and e-Tags on IPv6 Platform
Pouring real-time, real-world
phenomena into IT networks
Current Future
PCs and mobile appliances RFIDs and IC cards Sensor Nodes
Numerous TerminalsNumerous Terminals••Sensors and TagsSensors and Tags
11All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2004,Hitachi,Ltd.
Application Areas of Sensor NetApplication Areas of Sensor Net
Sales, Distribution Medical care Automobiles Transportation Agriculture Infrastructure
IndustryLogisticsOfficesLife
IPv6 Network
• Sensor nodes connect real world information into global networks
SensorController
Bat
tery Antenna
RF
Sensor Node
12All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2004,Hitachi,Ltd.
Fundamental Technologies for Sensor NetworkingFundamental Technologies for Sensor Networking
Base station (Access point)
Administration Server
N1N2
N3N4 N9
N10N11
N12
B1
B2
Sensor node
Application System
N5
N7
N8
N6
Sensors
Wireless communication•Low power, short distance•Multiplexing/anti-collision /low interference•Reliable/robust
Wireless communication•Low power, short distance•Multiplexing/anti-collision /low interference•Reliable/robust
Low power•Intermittent operation•Power management•Energy scavenging
Low power•Intermittent operation•Power management•Energy scavenging
Sensing•Sensing methodology•Sensor technology•Calibration/compensation
Sensing•Sensing methodology•Sensor technology•Calibration/compensation
System/node administration•Authentication of node/AP•Database management•Load balancing of system
System/node administration•Authentication of node/AP•Database management•Load balancing of system
13All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2004,Hitachi,Ltd.
Functional Layers of Sensor Net SystemFunctional Layers of Sensor Net System
Wireless protocol
Node control protocol
Sensor Node
Base station
AdministrationServer
Sensor controlNode control
Wireless communication
Local node management
Database managementSensor node control
Information queryAPI
Base station control
Application System
Ambiguous query
Power managementSelf-diagnosis
Power consciousCalibration
AuthenticationPresence (status)
Calibration
Load balancingHandover
Authentication
RobustnessSelf-organized
NetworkingNetworking
14All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2004,Hitachi,Ltd.
Power ManagementPower Management
SR44 (silver oxide)Size:Φ11.6 mm×5.4 mmCapacity:256 mWhAverage 9.7μW (3 years)
• Intermittent operation(Not Always-on)• Reduce stand-by power• Reduce active (operation) power
– Lower communication power and shorter communication period
Communication
Communication
15All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2004,Hitachi,Ltd.
Wireless Communication in Sensor NetworkWireless Communication in Sensor Network• Very small amount of transmission data for a node• low power communication technology• higher throughput because so many nodes in the band
100101Data rate [Mbps]
Pow
er c
onsu
mpt
ion
[mW
]
10
100
1000IEEE802.11b
Bluetooth UWB(802.15.3a)
IEEE802.11a
Zigbee
0.10.01
UHFFSK
UWB: Ultra Wide Band
(802.15.4a)
16All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2004,Hitachi,Ltd.
Supply-Chain Control/ Home Automation
Supply-Chain Control/ Home Automation
• Monitoring decrease of expendables using weight sensors• Automatic ordering of expendables to avoid shortages with RFID
and Sensing Network System
Weight sensor(sensing “rice”) Container with RFID
Monitoringremains of materials and seasonings
Weight sensor(sensing “ketchup”)
Example: Weight Sensing system PrototypeExample: Weight Sensing system Prototype
17All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2004,Hitachi,Ltd.
Sensor Nodes In Our Daily LifeSensor Nodes In Our Daily Life
• Optimal control of office/Home environment (air conditioning, lighting, etc.) for a comfortable or for energy saving
Contents
Hitachi IPv6 Activities Hitachi IPv6 Activities 11Sensor Network Technology Sensor Network Technology 22RFID Technology: μ-chipRFID Technology: μ-chip33
All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2003,□□□□,Ltd.
19All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2004,Hitachi,Ltd.
Applications with RFID + NetworkApplications with RFID + Network
e-Tag in Ubiquitous Network Age
Substitution for Bar-Code
Sensor, Tags and NetworkFusion Create New Applications
Education・Location Management
with RFID-tags
Home Appliances・Refrigerator with
RDID Readers
Robotics・Robot with Sensor
and Readers
・Photo-ID with RFID-tags・Authentication Device
Working Style
Traffic Control・Automated Navigation
LogisticsEnvironment/Recycling
・Container with RFID-tags
Medical Supplies
・Package with RDID-tagsFood Supplies
・Bill/Security with RFID-tags
Finance/Banking
Source: Ministry of Public Management, Home Affairs, Posts and Telecommunication, Japan
20All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2004,Hitachi,Ltd.
Information exchange over IP NetworkInformation exchange over IP Network
EquipmentVendors Recycling
Assembly Management
・Distribution Channel Management
Material & DeviceSuppliers
Production Management
TV
Retail Store Info.
Traceability with RFID tags and Network InfrastructureTraceability with RFID tags and Network Infrastructure
・Date・Serial Number・Production
Info.・Inspection Info.
ID grant
Trace Forward(Cross Industry Tractability)
Trace Back
ProductionInformation
AssemblyInformation
ID grant
DistributionInformation
RecyclingInformation
Consumer
Logistics &Retail Stores
21All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2004,Hitachi,Ltd.
Key Device for Traceability:μ-chipKey Device for Traceability:μ-chip
■Worldwide Smallest RF-ID Chip
■ µ-chip Inlet●µ-chip with External Antenna
Size (56×3.0×0.28mm)Communication Distance:30cm Max
■128 bit Alteration Free ID code●Built-In ID during Fabrication Process
■Radio Frequency:2.45 GHz
■No Congestion Control
Example: Container with µ-Tags
22All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2004,Hitachi,Ltd.
World Smallest RFID Chip :µ-chipWorld Smallest RFID Chip :µ-chip
•World Smallest RFID (0.4x0.4mm)•Out of Contact/Short Reach
Practical Communication
External Antenna
Distanceµ
•World Smallest RFID (0.4x0.4mm)•Out of Contact/Short Reach
Practical Communication
-chip with External AntennaDistanceµ-chip with External Antenna
Reader
NetworkInterface
ID Register
0.4mm
0.4mm
µµ- chip
23All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2004,Hitachi,Ltd.
μ ID Formatμ ID Format
Header
Service ID
Application data
EDC
Control data
ID of User or User’s service
Error Detection Code for radio frequency communication
Unique number data for application
2128
= 2.56x1038 Almost Infinite ID number=No reuse
necessary
128 bits
Note:Note:ID is Physical IDID is Physical ID---- different function of Addressdifferent function of Address
24All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2004,Hitachi,Ltd.
μ–chip Tracking Systemμ–chip Tracking System
・・・
Reader AntennaReader(µ-Sensor)
Ack (µ-chip ID)
µ-chip with External Antenna
Header ID Application
µ-chip ID
(128bit)
Micro wave
Passive Tag
ID Data, etc.
The REAL IPv6 Network
Small & Numerous PacketsSmall & Numerous Packets
25All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2004,Hitachi,Ltd.
MarketInspection
&Labeling
Server
Register
Collection
ID Attribute012 Smith, A, CA, US,
Class F,,,,,
002 ・・・・・・・・・・・
: :
Inspection
IPv6 Network(Security, QoS, PnP)
Farms
Antenna
PDA
Antenna
Antenna
Inquirers
ID
Shipping
Off-Line
Online
ID: 012Farmer: Smith, A,CA, USClass: AA
Food TraceabilityFood Traceability
ID: 012Locality:CA, USClass: AA
ID: 012Farmer:Smith, A, CA, USClass: AA
Numerous Tag ReadersNumerous Tag ReadersNumerous Tag Readers
Mobility is essentialMobility is essentialMobility is essential
26All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2004,Hitachi,Ltd.
Movie TheaterMovie Theater
■System Configuration
■µ Tickets
Terminal
Event CompanyEvent Company
Issue
µ Tickets
Authenticationwith µ ID
Event Place
µ-Paper
TicketDate (yymmdd)Ticket Holder µ-ID:B20A10003
コンサートチケット2001年7月1日
13:30-14:00 シート番号C-23
µ-Paper
µ-Chip with Antenna
■µ-Paper Application• Secure Paper• Intelligent Bill / Notes / Security• Secure Ticket (Anti-forged document ))
µ-paperpublisherµ-paperpublisher
μ - Paper Solutionμ - Paper Solution
27All Rights Reserved, Copyright © 2004,Hitachi,Ltd.
ConclusionConclusion
• IPv6 technologies matured and ready to utilize– Experiences accumulated through several trials, Interoperability
events and actual IPv6 Native Services World wide.– Smooth Transition Scenario for Current IP infrastructure required
and many efforts focused to solve the issue.– Explore Solutions for brand-new social paradigms
• Social paradigms requires various New Technologies– Trace ability, Sensing and Monitoring requires Global network
Infrastructure– IPv6 capability supports several requirements
• Build-in Security, Address space, Global Address and so on.• Plug and Work for Not-always-on Sensing node(Power saving)
Thank you!
Thank you!
Central Research Laboratory, Hitachi Ltd,.