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The Environment l Physical l Social and Emotional l Cultural l Economic
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Holistic Approach to Child Caregiving
13 million children under 6 have mothers in the workforce
53% of mothers return to work in the first year of birth
By the age of 6, 84% of children have received supplemental care
To avoid risk, all areas of development of children should be considered
Good quality child care can reduce the magnitude of effects of problems
The Environment Physical Social and Emotional Cultural Economic
The Physical EnvironmentHeredity (Genetics) a.k.a. Nature
Body Type Temperament Inherited Diseases and Traits
Home Environment a.k.a. Nurture Should be healthy and protected from
harm Includes family, home, school,
neighborhood, and community May be at risk due to abuse of some
type Quality child care can reduce risk
The Social and Emotional Environment
Attachment is the goal Consistent and sensitive caregivng Quality child care = Primary
caregiver
The Economic Environment Influenced by parent’s work history,
neighborhood, community, and nation One in 5 children in the U.S. lives below the
poverty level 40% of these children have parents that are
unemployed Consider this as new welfare reforms affect
children Impact of financial stress can affect
emotions and behavior
Lack of preventive care and access to resources
= at risk Caregivers can help children by providing good
nutrition and preventive health and safety measures
Families can be helped by connecting them to resources and other community linkages
The Cultural Environment Culture = Beliefs and practices of a given
group Values conflict among and between cultures Newer immigrants and migrants less likely to
assimilate Cultural competence is the key
Caregivers should support family values as much as is possible
Awareness of diversity present in child care is important
Health Promotion, Protection, and Prevention
Knowledge of developmental aspects and issues helps to promote, protect, and prevent risk for children
Caregivers need to establish and maintain a healthy environment Using a holistic approach Being aware of organizations that help
promote well-being and prevent harm
Risk and Risk Management of Children’s Well-Being
To prevent risk to children, risk management minimizes chance of danger for children in care
Caregivers need to use Safety protection Nutrition education Health promotion
Providing High Quality Child Care
Goal One Maximizing health status of children
Goal Two Minimizing risks to health, safety, and well-being of children
Goal Three Using education as a tool to promote health and reduce risk
Goal Four Recognizing importance of guidelines, standards, and laws as they apply to the well-being of children
See Tables 1-1, 1-2, and 1-3
Reality Check:Child Care in America: The
Reality 73% of infants and toddlers are in nonparental
care part of the time and the great majority of kids by the age of 6 years have been in child care Child care has become a necessity for most
families The assumption might be that quality child
care is the norm
Several studies have shown that the majority of child care is not quality, and that most centers and family care homes do not meet children’s needs for health, safety, and secure attachments
There is no formal system to oversee family child care homes
There are no consistent federal regulations for center-based care
What is Quality Care?Caregivers
Have adequate training in child development, health, and safety
Provide sensitive, responsive care Have skills to communicate with parents
and promote nurturing Are competent in diverse cultural and
language backgrounds of children Are adequately compensated
An environment that Allows for good health and safety Provides good working conditions for
caregivers Has adequate child to caregiver ratio Has toys and equipment that are age and
developmentally appropriate Provides adequate nutrition and food safety
if providing meals and snacks
Questions How does the environment of your own
community support the physical, socioemotional, cultural, and economic lives of the children in it?
How would you rate your community? Are there any differences geographically
within your area? What might be done to make improvements?