150 Radical YouthMeet in Midwest;Hit U.S. Witchhunt

by Bert DeckCHICAGO—150 enthusiastic young students and' work-

ers met in Chicago over the weekend of Feb. 1st and 2nd atthe Midwest Conference of Young Socialists to discuss theproblems and perspectives of building a socialist youth move-ment in America.

The conference, initiated by the Socialist Youth Commit-tee of Chicago, and attended by groups from 16 cities and adozen campuses, held its sessions at the University of Chi-cago. Q

Ages ran from 13 to 32 with asizeable number of high schoolstudents in attendance. The au-dience was divided about 50-50between young workers and stu-dents. All socialist youth hadbeen invited regardless of politicalaffiliation.

ESTABLISH BULLETINIn order to extend the coopera-

tion between the various localclubs and independent socialistsbegun with the calling of the con-ference, the body voted unani-mously to establish a national dis-cussion bulletin. The bulletin willenable young socialists everywherein the country to exchange ideasand experiences and to engage ina broad discussion on the-prob-lems of American socialism.

The conference took a decisivestand against the attacks on civilliberties by the U.S. government.In a series of resolutions it con-demned the action of the StateDepartment in lifting the pass-ports of the American studentswho recently visited China, sup-ported the movement to free Mor-ton Sobell from his 30-year im-prisonment at Alcatraz, and call-ed for the freeing of Harry Win-ston and Gil Green now convictedunder the Smith Act.

In further resolutions the dele-gates demanded an end to thetesting of nuclear weapons andsent a message of encouragementto Mrs. Daisy Bates and tlu Ne-gro students of Little Rock, Ark.in their fight for school integra-tion.

REPRESENT 500 YOUTHAt the opening session of the

conference greetings were readfrom Keep Left, the paper ofyoung people in the British LaborParty; Los Angeles ExecutiveCommittee of the Conference ofYoung Socialists; a Seattle, Wash-ington group of young socialists;and the Bay Area Committee forthe Young Socialist. A series ofreports were given by young peo-ple representing new clubs thathave sprung up in Chicago, TwinCities, Philadelphia, Madison,New York, Denver, Los Angeles,Detroit, Antioch and Toronto. Re-port after report emphasized thesuccess of local formations basedon the principle of non-exclusionand independence of any politi-cal party. One observer estimatedover 500 youth were organized na-tionally in clubs represented atthe conference.

The morning session was sum-med up in a statement by DickDeHaan, chairman of the NewYork Young- Socialist Alliance:"The unofficial motto of the YSAis IBM—Independent, Broad andMilitant."

Eugene Feldman, editor of thefighting progressive SouthernNewsletter requested five minutesto speak. He explained that thegoal of the Newsletter was torally the Southern whites to thecause of integration and volun-teered to speak for any of theclubs. "I am most happy to seethis group full of pepper and vine-•gar," he said. "I think that youare doing something that manyadult groups are not doing. It is

time we get together on issuesand discuss I am g 1 athat you have come together sothat we can have a really demo-cratic nation. You are the hope;not the Young Republicans andthe Young Democrats. You arethe hope . . ."

Conference ResolutionsSee Page 3

vTHE MEANING OF IBM

Two members of the YOUNGSOCIALIST editorial board wereinvited speakers at the confer-ence. Tim Wohlforth, managingeditor, described the aim of thenewspaper as a supporter of theidea of a broad, independf it andmilitant socialist youth organiza-tion on a national scale. He show-ed how the publication alreadyhad stimulated the growth of lo-cal clubs and had reintroducedthe question of socialism on anumber of campuses. The discus-sion ffom the.floor brought outsuggestions for increasing thecirculation of the YOUNG SO-

(Continued on Page 4)

NYC Tosses Out Students To "Solve" JD - Page 3

YOUNG SOCIALITen Cents Voice of America's Future

Vol. 1, No. 6 MARCH, 1958

m"DAVID AND GOLIATH" is the title of this famouscartoon by MILITANT artist Laura Slobe whose

recent death was a blow to the whole radical and labor movement. See page 3.

ACLU Hits Colorado University Ban an YS;Affirms Right to Distribute an Any Campus

DENVER—The right to distribute noji-commercial literature onany campus in America as well as in any town or city has been re-affirmed by the Colorado branch of the American Civil LibertiesUnion. ®

The statement was made in aletter sent to Quigg Newton, pres-ident of the University of Colo-rado (Boulder), which has justbeen released to the press. TheACLU called the University's re-fusal to allow YOUNG SOCIAL-IST supporters to distribute thepaper on campus "a denial of the

expression afforded to all citi-zens, students and non-studentsalike."

Fred Beta, Jr., editor of theLa mar (Col.) D a i l y and amember of the University's Boardof Regents has served notice thathe will put a motion before thenext Regents meeting permittingthe free distribution of literature

Spector of Hungry Thirties.

Haunts Youth in Canadaby Ernest Strong

TORONTO—Unemployment inCanada is at its highest pointsince the Hungry Thirties. Youdon't have to look very closely tosee that Prime Minister Diefen-baker and his new Tory govern-ment are uneasy. Figures releasedby the government's National Em-ployment Service reveal that al-most 800,000 are unemployed rightnow (the comparable figure forthe U. S. would be over 7,500,000).Unemployment is expected toswell to even greater dimensions,and prominent trade-unionistsare demanding that the govern-ment take action. The Toriesshamefacedly pretend that this isin the natural way of things, that

it is> just a pause in Canada's fur-ther expansion, that the popula-tion has increased, etc.

We can be certain that a largesection of the unemployed areyoung workers, who, because oftheir lack of skill and low seniorityin the plants, are the first hit.this "recession" is making itsimpact on their thinking. Unliketheir fathers, they have never ex-perienced unemployment before.They have only known a boomingeconomy, an economy which ontop of high armaments produc-tion has been the recepient ofheavy U. S. investment.

The colonial world, scene off i e r c e revolutionary struggles

(Continued on Page 3)

anywhere on campus. "I am not | administration could not restrictinterested in the contents of lite-rature or newspapers, but in thespirit of freedom of the press," hestated. "We can't set up a protec-tive law."

The controversy over the rightto distribute at the University ofColorado Jollowed the distributionof the fifet issue of the YOUNGSOCIALIST by Leonard Hodgett,a graduate student at n e a r b yDenver University. This led topublicity in the Colorado Dailyand an article in the RockyMountain News. Follov ing thisHodgett wrote a letter to Presi-dent Newton to discover the pol-icy of the University towards anyfuture distributions. PresidentNewton in an answer d e n i e dHodgett the riglv; to distributethe paper.

PROTESTS MOUNTFollowing protests f r o m the

Colorado Daily, many universitystudents, the Boulder chapter ofthe ACLU, and publicity in theRocky Mountain News, DenverPost, Denver University Clarion,state-wide radio and TV stations,and the college paper at the Uni-versity of New Mexico (Albuquer-que), the ASUC (the Boulderstudent council) proposed a jointdistribution point be set up inthe student union for all litera-ture. The board in charge of thestudent union rejected this sug-gestion.

The Colorado ACLU also statedthat even if a joint distributionpoint were set up on campus the

free distribution to this pointalone. The ACLU quoted a Su-preme Court* decision to the ef-fect that "the street! are naturaland proper places for the dis-semination of information andopinion; and one is not to have theexercise of his liberty of expressionin appropriate places abridged onthe plea that it may be exercisedin some other place." The ACLUwent on to state, "it is our feel-ing that the public streets andsidewalks of our state Universityare 'natural and proper places forthe dissemination of informationand opinion and that a formalrestriction of such disseminationby the University would be 'stateaction' within the restriction ofthe Fourteenth Amendment."

"Even though it be establishedthat the campus is not a publicplace," the ACLU commented "theright of free distribution hasbeen held to extend to privately-owned property which is open tothe Mublic. Certainly the Universityproperties are open to public use."

WE MUST FIGHTInvolved in the Colorado ACLU's

statement is a fundamental issueaffecting civil liberties on almostevery campus in America. TheYOUNG SOCIALIST and its sup-porters intend to fight until it isclear'y established on every cam-•pus and in evry town and citythat any non-commercial litera-ture can be distributed withoutrestriction of any kind.

Page 2 YOUNG SOCIALIST March, 1958

Youth

Speaks

Out!(Editor note: We are devoting

almost a f u l l page of the YoungSocialist this issue to lettersfrom our readers. We hope inthis way to further discussionamong young socialists leadingtowards the formation of a na-tional youth movement. We areinterested especially in receiv-ing comments on the discussionof America's Road to Socialismwhich appeared in our last is-sue.)

Breadlines Return to OhioWith 22% of Area Jobless

Dear Editors:I am a Japanese student, now

in Nagoya University, learning thehistory of science. But I havestrong interest in socialism be-cause it brings the emancipationof mankind. I like to hear of yourpoint of view.

Iwasaki ShigeoNagoya, Japan

Dear Editors:Loraiii County (Ohio) is in

such bad shape now that yesterday Lorain Mayor John C. Jawor-ski announced a bread line, forthe first time since the Thirties.Left-over bread from three bak-eries will be given to the city at6:00 p.m. closing time and needyfamilies can come get it. The Sal-vation Army also announced thatit has exhausted its funds helping100-odd families. You recall thatthe Supplemental UnemploymentPayment (SUB) was outlawed inthis state, that you can only col-lect unemployment insurance for26 weeks, and the maximum pos-sible weekly check is somethingpretty low, I believe $39. ManyNational Tube employees are nownearing the end of the 26 weeks.Western Automatic is now goingon a 4-day week, after laying offmen up to 16 years seniority andwomen with 12; Republic Sheetand Tube is on a three-day week;General Motors, where I worked,is on a four-day week at halfproduction, with even salariedworkers and foremen getting laidoff.

Ford opened a new plant inLorain to replace one at Buffalo,

which will hire 2,000 at fullcapacity; but old Buffalo employ-ees get first crack and anyhowthat's hardly a dent in the 6,000laid off at National Tube alone.Bendix-Westinghouse is also downpretty low, laid off another thou-sand at the end of January, andThew Shovel is practically closeddown. That's what we hear aboutthe big employers in the county—I don't know how the little out-fits are doing. Most of the fellowsI was working with are worriedabout how they're going to meethouse payments and food bills,even if they keep on a 32-hourweek. Jaworsky has announcedthat he's conferred with bank andfinance company officials andthey're not going to forceclosenow, v/hich is damn nice of them!

Kven the newspapers (ElyriaChronicle Telegram and LorainJournal) have started to run sto-ries aboutmitting theshow 22.1 per cent of the county'sworkers out of jobs last week, incontrast to last spring when therewere thousands unemployed butthe papers kept on talking up ourgreat prosperity.

Gerald LehmannOberlin, Ohio

unemployment, ad-government figures

CONTROVERSY OVER CHINA:

Are Some 'Rightists' Leftists?Dear Editors:

We would like to point outsome misunderstanding about thecharge of "rightists" in China ex-pressed bymade her

Nina Landau whocourageous trip to

China recently. As she said: "Arightist is usually a person whorejects the revolution, clings tofeudal ideology, and is againstsocialism." Apparently her opin-ion is concluded from her ob-servations in China, But we doubtwhether she was in a position tomake a penetrating observationand gain a complete understand-ing of the Chinese people.

We read the Peking People'sDaily day by day. We found outthat, in fact, there are two kindsof "rightists" in China. One kindis the real rightist. They are bour-geois politicians, such as the Min-isters of Food and Forest Indus-try mentioned by Mrs. Landau.Using some weak points and mis-takes of the People's Governmentand the Chinese Communist Partyas their evidence, they attack thesocialist system itself.

Another kind charged as "right-ists" are rank-and-file partymembers, young students andworkers. They made criticisms inorder to rectify the wrong pointsand mistakes of the governmentand the Party which, they think,do harm to the socialist recon-struction. We could not get theiroriginal and genuine opinions; theonly inkling we could get wasfrom the accusations against themappearing in the Peking People'sDaily. Although these opinionsare distorted, some of them arestill clear enough for us to judge•whether they are "rightist" or not.

During the "rectification cam-paign," students of Peking Uni-versity organized a group calledthe "Open Forum" and adopted aprogram for action. This program,•which was criticized by the Peo-ple's Daily on July 24, 1957, as"anti-party and anti-socialism,"contained the following points:"Center our discussion on the rootsof three evils — bureaucratism,sectarianism and subjectivism,and let everybody be aware thatthe question is not simply aboutthe attitude or behavior, it issomething related to the wholenation's system." "Struggle for

the freedom of speech, publica-tions, meetings and organizations.With the freedom of public opin-ion, we can convince people byreason and form a social pressureand force the conservatives to re-treat." "Abolish the censorship ofpublication, give people the rightof publication; otherwise the'blossom and contend' policy hasno material guarantee." "In orderto realize the above program, ourgroup should become the nucleusof the masses." "Use variousmeans, such as forums, discussionand public meetings to enlargeour influence out of the campus."

Wang Shih-Chien, a teacher ofthe Kang-Chieh Middle School,Yun-Glieng, Shansi, proposed fourprograms: "1. Turn away fromthe wrong line which is to followStalin's theory blindly. 2. Exercisethe freedom of speech promulgat-ed by the constitution. 3. Changethe tendency which transformsbranches of the Party into proba-tional jails and the party mem-bers into secret police. 4. Correctimmediately the errors and mis-takes done by the last 'aiiti-c o u n t e r - revolutionary cam-paign.' " (People's Daily, Aug. 1,1957). •

From the above examples we canalso see how and why the mis-takes and faults of the CCP havearoused the resentment and cri-ticism of the rank-and-fileers. Ifwe had started to collect the cri-ticisms from the rank-and-file,students, peasants and workers ofChina, we could nearly compile a

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YOUNG SOCIALIST218 7th Ave., Rm. 3New York 11, N.Y.

book. We have found out, fromthese references, that the problemsthe People's Republic of China isfaced with are very much likethat of the Soviet Union andEastern European countries. Wewould urge that every socialistconsider with the most profoundthought and care as to why theopposition has been charged as"Rightists," and would suggestthat the criticisms present here,and made within China itself asreported in the People's Daily,would indicate that a genuine so-cialist opposition, seeking a re-form of the regime towards great-er democracy and mass particip-tion exists there; and further,that it is being systematicallyslandered and crushed.

Earnest Wong and Ardent LinVancouver, B.C., Canada.

Young SocialistTim Wohlforth, Managing Editor

Virginia Halstead, Business ManagerEditorial Board: Bert Deck, Shane Mage, Gil Turner, Tint

Wohlforth.Corresponding editors: New York—Richard DeHaan; Philadel-

phia—Arthur Phelps; Detroit—Evelyn Sell; Chicago—John Werth;Minneapolis—Tom Leonard; Denver—Leonard Hodgett; Los Angeles—Peter Allan; Bay Area—Richard Kenny; Seattle—John Severn;Canada—Ernest Strong; Britain—Janet Downs.

SUBSCRIPTION i?RICE: $1.00 a year, $.50 for six months. Bundle rates: $8.00 forfirst 100 copies. $6.00 for each additional 100. NOTICE: application for second-classmail privileges is pending in New York. N. Y. The YOUNG SOCIALIST is publishedmonthly at 218 7th Ave., <N'ew York 11, N. Y. Phone: WA 9-5630. Opinions expressedin signed articles do not necessarily represent the views of the YOUNG SOCIALIST,which are expressed in editorial statements.

Vol. 1, No. 6 401 March, 1953

For a New Youth MovementThe Mid-west Conference of Young Socialists was an exciting

portent of the future. Young Socialists from many areas and fromthe most diverse political backgrounds were able to assemble in an.atmosphere of enthusiasm and solidarity. We discussed the most im-portant, most controversial political questions in a friendly andconstructive spirit, with no point of view barred from the discussion.And we were able to reach full agreement on meaningful resolutionsdealing with important political problems of American youth.

The Mid-west Conference points the way toward the kind ofsocialist youth movement we of the YOUNG SOCIALIST seek to build—a movement that is independent, broad, and militant. We believethat no other kind of movement can meet the needs of socialist-minded American young people.

Young socialists need an independent movement, we need free-dom to develop our own ideas, to take our own stands, free from thedomination of any "adult" group. We want a movement that is morethan the "youth section" of an adult party, that cannot be dissolvedat the whim of an outside organization, that has its own press, not apage in someone else's newspaper.

Young socialists need a broad movement. The socialist move-ment of America is split into many different tendencies, with majorpolitical differences. These old lines should no longer divide youngpeople. We need a movement in which we can discuss the points wedisagree about, while acting for the things we agree on.

And young socialists need a militant movement, a movementthat is not a f r a i d to s p e ' a k out against our own imperialistrulers in America, a movement ready to stand up for basic socialistprinciples: civil rights and civil liberties for all, the fight for peace,and solidarity with the freedom struggles of workers and colonial peo-ples everywhere.

We are confident that a youth movement like this must, can,and will soon be created in America.

How Remote Is Marx?Dear Editors;

How remote is Marx? As an experiment I carried on a surveyamong my fellow high school students and got some interestingreactions.

The question was posed to several students as to why a cer-tain article has a certain value. For instance, "Why does a ballpoint pen cost $1.98?" All of the answers were along the follow-ing lines: "Something costs a certain amount because humanstrength, energy, and time went into making it." "The labor timein something gives it its value."

It is interesting that these students unknowingly agree withMarx's labor theory of value. They have taken no courses in eco-nomics and haven't learned yet to "refute" him.

Nora AaronNew York City

Readers Present Differing ViewsSocialism And Soviet Union

Dear Editors:Your treatment of the Soviet

Union in many of your articlesseems to condemn rather thanrecognize the fact that socialismis being practiced there, maybenot to the direct liking of particu-lar individuals who to my way ofthinking seem to feel the SovietUnion exists on another planet.Where there is no other systemor country to contend with canthe purest of pure socialisms bepracticed today!

It is impossible to let an infantout into the world when millionsare seeking to harm him! Social-ism is the infant which the cap-italist world is seeking to de-stroy. It is essential to secure ourfoundations for socialism beforebickering over minute infractionsof policy. Socialism as it is beingpracticed today will of courseultimately bring forth all theideals we wish for in the future.However in our present state wemust protect socialism, standingif need be by strong measures.

UNITY is our only hope tosave the movement. With so many

ted if not halted! Realization of j out of the hands of those whothese essentials are fundamentaland are necessary for growth.

Bobbie FinkelNew York

P. S. The December editorial onHungary to my way of thinkingwas shameful. It is self-evidentthat Fascist influence both in-ternal and external was the pri-mary factor in inciting the rev-olution.P. P. S. Don't get me w r o n g .Any progressive movement is re-freshing and I will be looking for-ward to next month's issue.Dear Editors:

Today the world is faced withcrisis after crisis, and the solu-tion is neither sought nor wantedby the politicians of the bourgeoi-sie and the Stalinist bureaucracyof Russia. This dereliction of hu-mane duty in favor of class andcaste interests is what has ledus to the overhanging threat ofhydrogen holocaust.

The solution are simple ones.We may all be exterminated inhydrogen warfare or we, as thecommon working peoples of the

splinter units the progress is stil- world, can rise to take this power

would wipe us out for the inter-ests of an exploiting minority. Forthis there needs to be a vanguardof militants conscious of theirresponsiblity to the majority, theworking peoples of the world.

In Hungary and Poland thisvanguard found form in the intel-lectual working youth and un-iversity students. This aggressive-ness and idealism of the youthwas the spark needed by themasses to throw off the chains ofslavery. In the West and AmericaI believe this also to be the case.Now with the political youth for-mations moving out from underthe parent parties, their regroup-ment and uniting on a commonroad is the immediate problem. Ifind the youth of the Young So-cialist Alliance and similar groupsrising to meet this task admirably.In Canada we are attempting tofollow the same course.

The road we travel is not aneasy one, but with the youth inthe forefront the victory of thesocialist revolution is at hand.

Toronto, Out.Charles Lee

March, 1958 YOUNG SOCIALIST Page 3

SUSPENDS 'DIFFICULT' STUDENTS:

Panic Crips NYC Bd Of Educationby Virginia Halstead

Sparked by the recent suicide ofa harassed school^principal, andsuccumbing to mounting pressureand hysteria, the New York CityBoard of Education has decidedto meet the increase in teen-ageviolence in the schools by a ma-jor change in policy, a new "GetTough" approach. In order tocarry this out, they have author-ized the suspension of any pupil"charged with a violation of lawinvolving violence or insubordina-tion" (this has been interpretedas any."serious misbehavior".) Sofar 644 students have been sus-pended.

School officials have long beenaware of the problem of over-crowded schools and underpaidteachers who cannot cope with theseriously disturbed children intheir classes. Yet the city admin-istration has brushed off wage de-mands in the 1957-58 budget.They asserted that the problemwas the responsibility of all:Community, Family, Church andGovernment. However PresidentEisenhower's budget also disap-pointed educational leaders, sinceless federal funds were proposedfor schools than in last year's mea-ger program!

Despite the knowledge that itis becoming increasingly hard toraise funds for schools on the lo-cal level, Eisenhower in his budg-et message (which by the wayrecommrnends a figure of 73.9 bil-lion, 64% of which is for "de-fense"-) stated that the local com-munities should do more to sup-port education and to acquaintteachers, parents and pupils with !

the needs the country faces.

It seems that the ones best ac-quainted with the problems theyconfront in the schools are thepupils themselves. They knowwhat it is, for example, to haveteachers who prefer not to teachin the "difficult" schools, so thatover half the teaching is doneby substitutes. And now, to add totheir troubles, they are havingtheir Civil Rights stepped on; theyare convicted of "illegal acts" andpunished for them without anyprior hearings. And due to com-pletely inadequate special educa-tional, training, and detention fa-cilities, most of the pupils barredfrom the schools have simply beenthrown out on the streets. Thesestudents' hearings will not be heldfor thirty days, even though theBoard is responsible for the con-tinuous instruction of any sus-pended pupil under section 3241of the State Education law.

Meanwhile, most of the news-papers continue their hystericalattacks on the "young punks,"blaming in particular, the par-ents for a lack of interest in theirchildren. They do not point to thetrue offender: the entire societyinto which these children areborn. This teen-age generationhas experienced nothing but vio-lence: wars going on ever sincetheir birth, television programswith sadistic tendencies, moviesWith titles like "I Was a Teen-AgeWerewolf," magazines and booksin sale everywhere describing cri-mes to the last detail, advertise-ments of knives and gun cheap

Canadian Students ProtestU.S. Bar on Communist Youth

by Michele Erin : "We were invited to Seattle toVANCOUVER, B. C., CANADA show how Canadian democracy

—A mass trip to Seattle Wash, bythe University of British Colum-bia 'Mock Parliament' was cancel-led by the members unless im-migrtaion bars are lifted for twoCommunist students.

The two, James McParlen andVictor Anderson, are presidentand vice-president of the campusLabor - Progressive (Communist)Party.

They are also elected membersof a 100-student group invited tostage a demonstration of theworkings of Canada's Parliamentat the University of Washingtonin Seattle March 3. The UBCMock Parliament is made up ofall five political parties.

Under the American McCarran-. Walters Act, members of the LPPare not allowed entry to the US,except under special circumstan-ces. The UBC ParliamentaryCouncil stating it would notattend the session without theLPP members, will apply fortemporary entry of the Commu-nists paying waivers of $25 eachfreeing them from the restrictionsof the act.

The two students were heart-ened by the actions of the otherstudents. They told the YS re-porter that "the solidarity of thefour other political parties wasa fine thing—a stand for Cana-dian democracy and the right ofthe LPP to exist."

A request has also been madeby President Schmidt of the Uni-versity of Washington to U. S.Immigration officials, to allow thestudents to enter and participate.

President Ben Trevino of theUBC student council said U. ofW. officials had told him thetwo LPP students will be allowedto speak if they keep within par-liamentary rules.

works," one student said; "I guessthey've got a pretty good idea by

enough to entice any youngstereHere is where we must look for

those who are responsible. Let usplace the blame on the correctsource; and that is not the youthwho are the victims of this so-ciety.

ATTENTION READERS —The second issue of theYOUNG SOCIALIST FORUMis off the presses! The FORUM,i discussion bulletin publishedby the YS as a service to radic-al youth, contains: two viewson the colonial revolution inIndonesia; the resolution onPerspectives for American So-cialism of the left wing of theIToung Socialist League; an ar-ticle on Paul Sweezy; languageand socialism; and a review ofthe French film "Gervaise".Send ten cents to rm. 3, 2187th Ave., N.Y.C., for a copy.

THKKE. ARE. LOTSOf fiTHS-K Pt.fiC.f5

Above is another famous cartoon by MILITANT artist Laura Slobe(Grey), Laura joined the Socialist Workers Party in 1942 and her firstcartoon appeared in the MILITANT in 1944. Her cartoons haveappeared in socialist and labor publications in more than 20 countries.Many of her cartoons dealt with problems facing young people—con-scription, war, integration, unemployment.

Resolutions Passed At the Midwest Conference Of Young SocialistsFREE MORTON SOBELL

1. That the Mid-West Conference of Young So-cialists send greetings to the Committee to SecureJustice for Morton Sobell and conveys its wishesfor an early victory in the campaign to free Mor-ton Sobell from his unjust imprisonment.

BAN THE TESTS!2. This Mid-West Conference of Young Socialists

recognies that continued testing of nuclear weap-ons, by poisoning the atmosphere with radio-active matter, presents a clear and present danger tothe health and very life of present and future gen-erations. We recognize that the government of theUSSR has proposed the immediate cessation ofnuclear tests by all powers. We further recognizethat such a ban would be "self-enforcing" sinceany nuclear explosion would immediately be detect-ed throughout the world.

We therefore call on all governments to con-clude an immediate and unconditional prohibitionof nuclear explosions.

We offer our support to all efforts to end radio-active poisoning of the air we breathe.

GIVE US OUR RIGHT TO TRAVEL3. The Mid-West Conference of Young Socialists

condemns the U. S. State Department for its il-legal and unconstitutional seizure of the passports

of the 41 American youth who traveled to China.This action violates the democratic rights of allAmericans. We demand the return of the illegallyseized passports and a guarnatee of the right totravel without restrictions.

We support the action of the 41 in traveling toChina in open defiance of the State Department,ban. We call for widest possible united action of alldemocratic-minded youth in defense of the civilliberties of the 41 and of the right to travel for allAmericans.

FREE GREEN AND WINSTON4. We, the participating members of the Mid-

West Conference, de resolve that the Smith Actis absolutely illegal under the constitution of theUnited States and condemn this Act as an irt-fringement upon the civil rights of the Americanpeople.

We demand the immediate release of GilbertGreen and Henry Winston, the last two victimsof the Smith Act.

GREETINGS TO THE 9 IN LITTLE ROCK5. This Mid-West Conference of Young Socialists

sends their greetings and approval to the 9 Negrostudents attending Central High School for yourvaliant efforts on behalf of the struggle for minor-ity rights.

Canadian Youth Face Unemployment(Continued from Page 1)

since the end of World War II,has proven to the U. S. WallStreeters not to be the safest placefor the investment of capital.While the returns on capital in-vented in Canada might not be ashigh they are more secure. Thereisn't the clanger of the propertybeing seized by angry colonialmasses. Resulting from this heavyinflux of capital, Canadian pro-ductive power has increased—in-creased at a much faster ratethan that of the U. S. itself. Thishas been the main factor in theboom now busting: a boom thathas lulled the working masses, theunions, the youth of Canada, intocomplacency.

NO DRAFTIn most NATO countries, a

source of resentment amongyouth has been the draft, withis inevitable interruption of jobor studies and the threat of beingdragged into a war. Even thisfactor has not disturbed Canadi-an complacency. Outside of Ice-land, Canada is the only countryin NATO which does not have thedraft. Youth here have escapedthis part of the Cold War.

But this complacency is nowbeing rudely shattered. The bust-ing boom and unemployment willhave an inevitable radicalizingeffect on the thinking of youngpeople. Out of this, where willthe youth go? To what organiza-tions can they turn for leader-ship?

In no meaning of the word isthere a national youth movementin Canada. Before Korea, one didexist. The Co-operative Common-wealth Federation (CCF), thefarmer-labor party of Canada,which once was "socialist but cannow only be termed liberal, had adynamic and flourishing youth or-ganization. In industrial Ontario,Quebec, and British Columbiayoung workers and students wereits main driving force, and it hada large following in the prairieprovinces of Alberta, Saskatche-wan and Manitoba.

Since then, many events havehad a disastrous effect on thisyouth organization. The CCFyouth, unlike the "adult" section,was opposed to Canada's partici-pation in the Korean War. Thisstand met with immediate dis-favor and reprisals. The BritishColumbia youth section was op-posed to NATO. The adults im-mediately dissolved the entiresection.

In Ontario, both adult andyouth sections were left-wing. Awhole series of expulsions dissi-pated the movement until it nowis non-existent. In every province,if the youth section did not con-form to the line and policies ofthe right-wing CCF leadership itwas subjected to organizationalreprisals.

CCF YOUTH DISAPPEARToday, only in one province

does the CCF youth exist as an

I organized force — Saskatchewan,the wheat province, where theCCF is the provincial govern-ment. Here the youth movementis, at best, a social one.

The National Federation of La-bor Youth (NFLY), the youth or-ganization of the Labor Progres-sive (Communist) Party, whichalso was once a dynamic force,has similarly disintegrated.

The "Khrushchev Report" hada profound effect on the NFLY.A struggle took place around thequestion of the youth group's re-lationship to the LPP, which un-til then had dominated it. A groupcentering mainly in the* Montrealarea opposed this relationship anddemanded that changes take placeto liberalize the movement. But a"hard" group successfully held outfor continuing the old relation-ship. As a result, many membershave walked away, disgusted thatno change took place.

COMMUNIST YOUTH CHANGE?

There has, however, been onechange—the organization changedits name to the "Socialist YouthLeague." The "independence" ofthis movement was spelled out ina resolution of the National Com-mittee of the LPP: "The role ofthe party is to advise the SYLand assist them in their task ofwinning the youth for socialism.The LPP is unique among Cana-dian political parties in encour-aging full organizational inde-

pendence to"—and here we cometo the gem—"youthful adherntsof its political and organizationaloutlook."

This statement embodies thepolicy which led to the downfallof the NFLY and the enfeebledand sterile condition of the SYL.Its fruits were seen in a meeting1

the SYL organized in Torontowhere only two people and thespeaker turned up. ,A way out of this disorganization

and confusion in the youth move-ment is shown by the organization.of the Socialist Youth Forum inToronto. For the first time thereis a possibility for youth to gettogether in an organization hop-ing to bring about the regroup-ment of socialist youth. The fo'~rum is independent of all political,parties, and provides a place-where differing socialist views can .be heard without prejudice.

There is also a revival of pol-itical interest on campus. Stu-dents at McGill University inMontreal have organized the Mc-Gill Socialist Society which hasheld regular forums addressed byspeakers with .differing view-points.

What is needed is that thesegroups broaden and help to forma national youth, movement—abroadi and independent socialistyouth movement. The organiza-tion of such a movement is on theagenda «rf the Canadian left to»day. __ J

Page 4 YOUNG SOCIALIST March, 1958

Reuther Backs Profit Sharing Gimick;Deserts Shorter Work Week Fight

by Art Ross(The author of this article is a young unemployed machinist

who attended the recent UAW convention as an observer.)

DETROIT — Under a slogan^calling for "Collective BargainingBased on Economic Facts—PullEquity for Workers, Consumersand Stockholders" the ReutherLeadership of the UAW onceagain capitulated on the increas-ingly urgent demand of the autoworkers ranks for a shorter workweek or what is known by manyas "30 for 40." The scene of thelatest surrender was the specialconvention of the union that as-sembled in Detroit's Masonic Tem-ple on January 22-24 and thereproceeded to hammer out the"new look," "flexible approach"package of basic and supplemen-tary economic demands.

With the same delegates pres-ent here in the auto capital aswere in attendance at the 1957Atlantic City convention fromwhich the call for the specialconvention issued—ostensibly toformulate strategy and tacticsaround the shorter work week atincreased take-home pay demand—Reuther and the whole Inter-national leadership were in asomewhat delicate position of ex-plaining why the major objectiveof the 16th Convention was scut-tled in favor of the much bally-hooed profit sharing plan.

REUTHER OPPOSES THERANKS

The opposition of the Reutherbureaucracy to the "30 for 40"demand goes back several years.In 1949, he attacked its pro-ponents as being idealistic andliving in some kind of d r e a mworld. During the height of theMcCarthyite witchhunt at the 1953convention, Reuther scored hisopponents as agents of the Krem-lin who were bent on undermin-ing America's defenses. Finallywhen the 1955 convention votedto "place the winning of theshorter work week at the top ofour union's collective bargainingagenda after the guaranteed wagehas been achieved" Reuther hadto acknowledge the increasingpressure of the ranks for thisproposal.

His much publicized GuaranteedAnnual Wage proved to be neitherguaranteed, neither annual, nora wage in any loose interpreta-tion of the word. As far as pro-viding "steady full time employ-ment, week by week" GAWturned into something decidedlyinferior, the miserly SUB, orsupplemental unemployment bene-fits, which covers only 26 weeksof unemployment, excludes agreat many auto workers, andaverages a measly ?12 a week atits very very best.

Today with lay - offs risingrapidly in all industries and allsections of the country and manyworkers on three and four-dayweeks, the transparency of Reuth-er's "panacea" is now apparent toall. (At present time, there areabout 200,000 unemployed in De-troit, 325,000 jobless in Michigan,and 4,500,000—by conservativeestimates—out of a job through-out the nation.)

At the 1957 convention, whenthe first signs of the developingeconomic decline were becomingmanifest, the delegates voted "tomake the shorter work week, withincreased take-home pay neededto expand purchasing power, thenext major collective bargainingobjective of our union." With thisexplicit mandate from the mem-bership, why did Reuther sudden-ly drop the demand and sub-stitute his infamous profit-shar-ing scheme which the N. Y. Timesnotes the UAW "had long beencold to on the. ground that

such programs represented a de-vice used by employers to buildloyalty to the company at the ex-pense of the union."? And second-ly, how did the Reuther bureau-cracy operate at the convention topush through its sell-out pro-gram?

For a successful struggle aroundthe demand for a shorter workweek, Reuther would have tomobilize fully the entire union—the skilled workers, the produc-tion line workers, and the grow-ing ranks of the unemployed. Thefight would be long and difficultand the financial and politicalmight of the auto barons wouldbe thrown into the battle. ButReuther in his role of "LaborStatesman" is more accustomed tospecial pleading, more adept atasking favors from the companiesthan in girding the ranks for aserious struggle. In short, he doesnot wish to "rock to boat," muchless tip it a little. Consequently, ina patriotic fervor, he fulminatesagainst the Sputnik and the So-viet ICBM and declares that nowis not the time for the shorterwork week and more leisure time.

I think it is significant that theopposition to Reuther's strategycomes mainly from the large autolocals such as Ford Local 600,Dodge Local 3, Chrysler Local 212,and others. The suddenness withwhich the Reuther plan was re-leased only a week before the con-vention opened didn't allow timefor the opposition to organize it-self as it did at the 1957 conven-tion. It left many delegates with-

out instructions from their locals.A hastily prepared mimeographedsheet distributed at the Mich. Em-ployment Security Commission(unemployment offices) through-out the Detroit areas failed tobring out the unemployed to de-monstrate in front of the con-vention hall.

MACHINE AT WORKAnd in Masonic Temple the

Reuther machine worked effort-lessly and smoothly. Each sectionof the auditorium was policed bythe "blue card" InternationalRepresentatives and at each mi-

Subscribe Now!crophone (there were 7) a hand-picked sargeant-at-arms noddeda signal to Reuther, who chairedthe entire convention, and wasthus able to weed out and preventfrom taking the floor any unde-sirable militant. The facade ofdemocracy was preserved sincethe chair did recognize a pro andcon on every resolution before thebody.

However the growing opposi-tion to Reuther in the ranks ofthe UAW will soon express itselfaround the demand for "30 for40" and for a program to meet theneeds of the growing unemployedin the industry. The pressure ofthe Reutherite machine and thedemagogy of Reuther himself can-not prevent such a developmentfor long.

150 Young Socialists Meet...

Yittsth

(Continued from Page 1)CIALIST especially among youngworkers.

Gil Turner reviewed the caseof the 42 students who had de-fied the State Department l>anand had visited China only tohave the U. S. Government seizetheir passports upon their return.The YOUNG SOCIALIST editor-ial board member observed, "Ifwe feel that it is importantthat we build a youth move-ment independent of the Com-munist Party, the S o c i a l i s tWorkers Party or the Inde-pendent Socialist League, thensurely it is doubly important thatwe be independent of the StateDept. We must be independent ofthose who want to tell us wherewe can go; reserving for our-selves, of course, at some futur1!time, the right to tell them wherethey can go." A spontaneous ap-plause greeted this last remark.

A fraternal exchange of viewstook place in a series of concur-rent panel discussions on Peaceand the H-Bomb, Political Ac-tion, Montgomery and the NegroStruggle, Socialism and Democ-racy, Juvenile Delinquency, theRecession and Trade Union Prob-lems. Reports on each of the pan-els were given to the whole con-ference during the Sunday ses-sion. A number of the resolutionspassed by the conference origin-etad in the separate panels.

T-H CONSPIRACY CASEA civil liberties symposium pre-

sented reports on academic free-dom, the army security program,the Smith Act cases, the Chinapassport cases, the Sobell case,and the Cleveland Taft-Hartleyconspiracy case. One of the high-lights of this session was theremarks of Sam Reed who hadjust been convicted for "conspir-acy to violate the Taft-Hartleylaw." Mr. Reed told of the seri-

ous dangers to the labor move-ment resulting from his convic-tion and of his determination tocarry his case all the way to theSupreme Court if necessary. Theveteran trade-unionist wished theconference success in its work andexpressed his appreciation for thepossibility of presenting the factsof his case to so many young peo-ple.

Gene Tournour, Jr., 19, a stu-dent at Western St. Louis Uni-versity, spoke for the Sobell Com-mittee. He stated, "Many collegegroups across the country are set-ting up activities in support ofthe Sobell Case. We want a presi-dential clemency. If this caseis not won civil liberties will bedealt a terrible blow." At the so-cial following the civil libertiessession Haven Perkins, midwestrepresentative for the Committeeto secure Justice for Morton So-bell, conferred with delegatesfrom every area about extendingSobell work among America'syoung people.

Bob Himrnel, of the WayneYoung Socialist Club, made theclosing speech of the conference.The Detroit socialist observed,"There is a commitment on thepart of everyone who has attend-ed this conference to build a so-cialist youth movement in thiscountry that will become a livingpart of our generation.

IT WILL BE MILITANT"This movement will be inde-

pendent of all adult organiza-tions; it will be broad and includethe widest variety of politicalopinions; and above all, it will bemilitant.

"I don't think it would bestretching the point to say thatthis conference has an historicmeaning in that it has broughtus another step closer to thebuilding of such a movement."

LOS ANGELES—A nationwide Committee to Defend the Anti-Franco Sailors, whom the State Department is trying to deport toSpain, has been organized by the Workers Defense League. Amongthe members of the committee are James B. Carey, Norman Thomas,Victor Reuther and Dwight MacDonald. In addition support for thesailors among unions continues to mount. The United Shoe WorkersLocal 122 stated, "As trade unionists we express our solidarity notonly with the five sailors but the workers of Spain who are crushedby Franco's Falange." The five young sailors had sought asylum inMexico but were forcefully brought into the U. S. to be returnedto Spain where they face'imprisonment and death for their opposi-tion to the regime. The Mexican Government has offered themasylum if the U. S, will release them. The case is now before the ninthU. S. Circuit Court of Appeals . . . The San Francisco News reportsthat two Chinese-American soldiers face hearings that could lead toundesirable charges for their membership in a Chinatown club whichis not listed by the Attorney General but which the Army has placedon its own "list" . . . Jack Wright, candidate for City Council inSeattle, Washington, has condemned the imposition of a curfew onSeattle youth. "The curfew is an outrage against young people," hesaid, "violating every basic precept of democracy." Wright, a socialistcandidate, is endorsed by his union, Molders Union, Local 158, theSocialist Workers Party, Terry Pettus, Northwest Editor of thePeople's World, and Vincent Hallinan, 1952 Progressive Party can-didate for president.

CARACAS, VENEZUELA—Students were in the forefront of thevictorious revolution which recently toppled dictator Jimenez. Theuprising, which followed a series of student strikes, was begun by ageneral strike coupled with a student strike sponsored by the Venezu-ela Student Front. All schools from kindergartens to universitiesclosed on the day of the strike and students of all Jges participatedwith the working class in the battles against the dictatorship . . . Therigidly censored press of Franco's regime in Spain has been reportingin panic the widespread interest in Marxism among university stu-dents. In addition signs of unrest among Falange youth and the dis-tribution of anti-regime documents and pamphlets has become wide-spread . . . In Rabat, Morocco, the police had to be called out re-cently to prevent a crowd of several hundred students from marchingon the French Embassy to protest the French Government's recentdecision to dissolve the General Union of Algerian Moslem Students. . . Budapest papers report that several Hungarian boys rangingfrom 14 to 15 years of age will be put on trial as "counter-revolution-aries" for their activities in the Hungarian Revolution . . . Two hun-dred youths belonging to the Revolutionary Directorate, an anti-Batista group made up of Havana University students, have openedup what they call a "second front" in the Trinidad Mountains in Cuba.

WINCHESTER, VA,—The following article appeared in the Pack-inghouse Worker under the title "Ode to a Big Heel":

"The strike-bound O'Sullivan Company tried to convince Win-chester, Va., high school students that America's No. 1 Heel was thebest of all possible companies. After O'Sullivan Company president,Paul Terrata, finished speaking to the senior class of James WoodsHigh School a number of students instead of applauding gave ventto their sentiments in song. They boomed into a lusty chorus of "Ter-rata is a stinker, We shall not be moved. We are fighting for ourunion, we shall not be moved.' The students then took a tourthrough the O'Sullivan plant holding their noses. Strikebreakers re-portedly protested. In another student move some college studentswho had done summer work for O'Sullivan obtained time on the Win-chester radio station and dedicated a song to their former boss, "Youare nothing but a Hound D o g . ' " . . . For information on the inte-gration struggle in the South and on trade union activity we suggestthe Southern Newsletter, P O. Box 1307, Louisville 1, Ky. Subs are$3 a year.

* * *

NEWARK, N. J.—The American Civil Liberties Union protestedrecently the action of reactionary elements in this area to preventradicals from using public halls. The action followed the cancellationof the Masonic Auditorium which had been rented for a meeting atwhich Tim Wohlforth, managing editor of the YOL .*)G SOCIALISTwas to speak on "Perspectives for America's Youth." Earlier in Pater-son a hall where a reception was to be held for Elizabeth GurleyFlynn was also cancelled. The ACLU is investigating the possibilitythat concerted campaign is being carried on in the whole NorthJersey area to prevent radicals from speaking . . . NorthwesternUniversity in Evanston, Illinois is taking steps to ensure that ownersof off-campus apartments follow the university's, policy of assuranceof housing regardless of race, creed or color. Also at Northwesterndistributors of the YOUNG SOCIALIST were met by an administra-tion official who threatened them with jail if they continue dis-tribution on University property . . . Young Socialists in Toronto haveorganized a Socialist Youth oFrum, and are presenting a series offorums entitled "Youth Speaks Out." For further information callLE 4-8040 . . . Carl Ross, Minnesota chain lan of the CommunistParty, is scheduled to address a current meeting of the IndependentPolitical Youth in Minneapolis. For further information call TA 2-0930. The Young Socialist Educational Service (218 Seventh Ave.,NYC) announces that copies of the special 40th anniversary of theRussian Revolution issue of Peter Fryer's NEWSLETTER are nowavailable for $.40 each. The British publication carries articles by JosephClark, Hyman Levy, Paul Hogarth and experts in such diversifiedfields as architecture, education, psychology and medicine.

SCOTLAND—The Scottish Labor Party youth have been in theforefront of a campaign to prevent the setting up of rocket bases inthe east of Scotland, Led by the Aberdeen Youth Section of the La-bor Party, they are calling upon the Scottish Labor Party, the tradeunions and youth sections throughout Great Britain to support thecampaign. Left-wing youth in the British Labor Party Youth Sectionsnow have a nationwide printed monthly newspaper, Keep Left.