History Online The Western Movement (1865-1880) Goal was to achieve America’s Manifest Destiny Government policies were to encourage settlement Land Grants

History Online The Western Movement (1865-1880) Goal was to achieve Americas Manifest Destiny Government policies were to encourage settlement Land Grants given to those who would settle and build railroads Homestead Act 1862 / Morill Land-Grant Act Open Range becomes home to the cattle industry Cattle drives took the Longhorns to where the railroads ran Ended due to farm settlements and to much cattle on the market Great Plains develops from small farming to bonanza farms Evolved from ranching / subsistent farming to cash crops (wheat) Insensitivity by America in dealing with Native Americans Natives forced onto unproductive lands (set up for failure) American government attempted assimilation programs - failed

Section 1-10 Click the mouse button to display the information. Ranching and Cattle Drives After the Civil War, many Americans began building large cattle ranches on the Great Plains. The Texas longhorn was a breed of cattle that could survive the harsh climate of the plains. The cattle ranching industry grew in part because of the open rangevast areas of grasslands owned by the federal government. Cattle raisers could graze their herds free of charge and without boundaries.

Section 1-11 Click the mouse button to display the information. During the Civil War, large numbers of eastern cattle were slaughtered to feed the Union and Confederate armies. After the war, beef prices soared. This made it worthwhile to round up the longhorns. The first long drive in 1866 across the Great Plains to the railroad in Sedalia, Missouri, proved that cattle could be driven north to the rail lines and sold for 10 times the price they could get in Texas. Ranching and Cattle Drives (cont.)

Section 1-13 Click the mouse button to display the information. Most cowboys were former Confederate army soldiers, a few were Hispanic, and many were African American. The long cattle drives ended, in part, when the open range was largely fenced off with barbed wire. Investors from the East and from Britain put money into the cattle business, causing an oversupply of animals on the market. Ranching and Cattle Drives (cont.)

Section 2-8 The Beginnings of Settlement Click the mouse button to display the information. Railroads provided easy access to the Great Plains. Railroad companies sold land along the rail lines at low prices and provided credit. The federal government helped settle the Great Plains by passing the Homestead Act in 1862. For $10, a settler could file for a homestead, or a tract of public land available for settlement.

Section 2-13 (page 317) The Land Grant System Land grants were given to railroad companies by the federal government to encourage railroad construction. Railroad companies like the Union Pacific and Central Pacific were able to cover all their building costs by selling the land to settlers, real estate agencies, and other businesses. Another government uses of Land Grants was to build schools Over 70 Universities were built as Land Grant schools Objective: Discuss ways in which the railroads spurred industrial growth. Analyze how the railroads were financed and how they grew. Objective: Discuss ways in which the railroads spurred industrial growth. Analyze how the railroads were financed and how they grew.

History Online Industrialization and Urbanization (1870-1900) Many inventions changed Americans way of life Telegraph, electricity, light bulb, telephone, automobile As factories grew so did supply of cheap products and jobs Organized labor grows during this time to protect workers Unskilled workers more difficult to protect than craft workers Women and children given less protection by businesses Entrepreneurs such as Andrew Carnegie gain great wealth Merging businesses to increase profits Horizontal Integration merging companies that do the same thing Vertical Integration merging various levels of the producing process Push and pull factors - population in the cities grows rapidly Cities offer convenience but expensive land causes skyscrapers Many poor forced to live in overcrowded tenements (slums)

Section 3-11 Carnegie began vertical integration of the steel industry. A vertically integrated company owns all the different businesses it depends on for its operation. This not only saved money but also made the big company bigger. The Consolidation of Industry (cont.) (pages 320322) Objective: Analyze how large corporations came to dominate American business. Evaluate how Andrew Carnegies innovations transformed the steel industry. Objective: Analyze how large corporations came to dominate American business. Evaluate how Andrew Carnegies innovations transformed the steel industry.

Section 3-11 Business leaders also pushed for horizontal integration, combining many firms doing the same type of business into one large corporation. The Consolidation of Industry (cont.) (pages 320322) Objective: Analyze how large corporations came to dominate American business. Evaluate how Andrew Carnegies innovations transformed the steel industry. Objective: Analyze how large corporations came to dominate American business. Evaluate how Andrew Carnegies innovations transformed the steel industry.

Daily Focus Skills Transparency 3 Objective: Analyze how large corporations came to dominate American business. Evaluate how Andrew Carnegies innovations transformed the steel industry. Objective: Analyze how large corporations came to dominate American business. Evaluate how Andrew Carnegies innovations transformed the steel industry.

Section 4-34 Close Objective: List the barriers to labor union growth. Describe industrial working conditions in the United States in the late 1800s.

Section 1-23 Close Evaluate how nativism affected immigration policies. Objective: Analyze the circumstances surrounding the great wave of immigration after the Civil War. Evaluate how nativism affected immigration policies Objective: Analyze the circumstances surrounding the great wave of immigration after the Civil War. Evaluate how nativism affected immigration policies

The majority of urban dwellers were part of the working class who lived in city tenements, or dark and crowded multi-family apartments. Section 2-10 (page 343) Separation by Class Objective: Explain the technological developments that made the growth of cities possible. Evaluate the role that political machines played in urban politics in the late 1800s. Objective: Explain the technological developments that made the growth of cities possible. Evaluate the role that political machines played in urban politics in the late 1800s.

Section 2-12 (page 344) Urban Problems The growth of cities resulted in an increase in crime, fire, disease, and pollution. From 1880 to 1900, there was a large increase in the murder rate. Objective: Explain the technological developments that made the growth of cities possible. Evaluate the role that political machines played in urban politics in the late 1800s. Objective: Explain the technological developments that made the growth of cities possible. Evaluate the role that political machines played in urban politics in the late 1800s.

History Online Immigration and Migration (1880 - 1930) Migration and Immigration are based on push-pull factors Push reason to leave a placePull reason to go to a place Manifest Destiny led settlers to the Great Plains / West Push lack of jobs in citiesPull cheap farm land / get rich quick Unites States Immigration in the late 1800s Push poor conditions in home land / religious or political repression Pull cheap land / jobs available / democracy and self determination European immigration slows in 1900s due to quotas and Red Scare Latin American / Canadian immigration increases to fill the jobs The Great Migration of African Americans to northern cities Push racism in the SouthPull available factory jobs Great Depression Migration Push Dust Bowl / looking for work (hobos)Pull Attraction of Calif.

Section 2-16 World War I stopped the flow of immigrants to the United States, which allowed African Americans wartime jobs. Between 300,000 and 500,000 African Americans left the South to settle in the North. This Great Migration changed the racial makeup of many Northern cities. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (page 459)

History Online Populism and the Gilded Age (1880 - 1900) Populist Party late 1800s The party of the people Appealed to poor Americans and farmers major issue coining silver Once the economy improved the Populist Party disappeared Gilded Age looks beautiful, but rotten underneath There was an uneven distribution of wealth (rich got richer) Many companies were merged together to form trusts / monopolies Many cities were run by Political Machines provided some services but pocketed a lot of money Although it looked like African Americans had rights protected by the Constitution, they still faced discrimination Jim Crow laws lynching

Section 2-18 The Peoples Party platform called for unlimited coinage of silver, federal ownership of railroads, and a graduated income tax, one that taxes higher earnings more heavily. It also called for an eight-hour workday, restriction of immigration, and denounced the use of strikebreakers. Democrats nominated New Yorker Grover Cleveland for the 1892 presidential election. Cleveland won the election. The Rise of Populism (cont.) (pages 375378) Objective: Describe who joined the Populist Party and what the partys goals were. Explain why farmers wanted a greenback currency and why the adoption of the gold standard led to the Farmers Alliance. Objective: Describe who joined the Populist Party and what the partys goals were. Explain why farmers wanted a greenback currency and why the adoption of the gold standard led to the Farmers Alliance. Where is the support of the Populist Party?

Section 2-22 (pages 378379) The Election of 1896 The Democrats nominated William Jennings Bryan for the presidential election of 1896. He strongly supported the unlimited coinage of silver. Populists also supported Bryan for president. Objective: Describe who joined the Populist Party and what the partys goals were. Explain why farmers wanted a greenback currency and why the adoption of the gold standard led to the Farmers Alliance. Objective: Describe who joined the Populist Party and what the partys goals were. Explain why farmers wanted a greenback currency and why the adoption of the gold standard led to the Farmers Alliance.

Section 2-23 Most business leaders liked McKinley because they thought that unlimited silver coinage would ruin the countrys economy. McKinley won the election of 1896. New gold strikes in Alaska and Canadas Yukon Territory and in other parts of the world increased the money supply without needing to use silver. As the silver issue died out, so did the Populist Party. The Election of 1896 (cont.) (pages 378379) Objective: Describe who joined the Populist Party and what the partys goals were. Explain why farmers wanted a greenback currency and why the adoption of the gold standard led to the Farmers Alliance. Objective: Describe who joined the Populist Party and what the partys goals were. Explain why farmers wanted a greenback currency and why the adoption of the gold standard led to the Farmers Alliance.

History Online The Progressive Era (1900 - 1920) Rejection of laissez-faire where the government intervenes and gives more power / protection to its citizens President Theodore Roosevelt is looked at as the face of Progressives Making the political process more democratic 17 th Amendment direct election of senators 19 th Amendment womens suffrage (Susan B. Anthony) Initiative, referendum, reform voters have more of a say in laws made Protecting the individual Clayton Antitrust Act / union protection regulation of big business NAACP founded to help protect African Americans rights Pure Food and Drug Act protects the consumer Conservationism protection of the environment for future generations

Section 1-13 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Three new reforms were introduced by progressives to force state legislators to respond to voters concerns. The initiative allowed a group of citizens to introduce legislation and required the legislature to vote on it. Democracy and Progressivism (cont.) (page 421) PAST Successes of State Initiatives(many were later adopted by Congress)Abolition of poll taxesAid to dependent children, blind, mentally illBottle deposit billsCampaign finance reformsDirect election of US SenatorsDirect primariesFood sales tax exemptionsmedical marijuanaMerit systems for civil servantsMinimum wagesMining reclamationMining severance & oil extraction taxesNuclear FreezeOld age pensionsOpen meetingsProhibiting cyanide miningPublic school fundingState financial auditsSunshine lawsTax limitsTerm limitsVictim rightsWomen's suffrageWorkman's compensationPAST Successes of State Initiatives(many were later adopted by Congress)Abolition of poll taxesAid to dependent children, blind, mentally illBottle deposit billsCampaign finance reformsDirect election of US SenatorsDirect primariesFood sales tax exemptionsmedical marijuanaMerit systems for civil servantsMinimum wagesMining reclamationMining severance & oil extraction taxesNuclear FreezeOld age pensionsOpen meetingsProhibiting cyanide miningPublic school fundingState financial auditsSunshine lawsTax limitsTerm limitsVictim rightsWomen's suffrageWorkman's compensation PAST Successes of State Initiatives Aid to dependent children, blind, mentally ill Bottle deposit bills Campaign finance reforms Direct election of US Senators Direct primaries Food sales tax exemptions Merit systems for civil servants Minimum wages Mining reclamation Mining severance & oil extraction taxes Old age pensions Open meetings Prohibiting cyanide mining Public school funding State financial audits Sunshine laws Tax limits Term limits Victim rights Women's suffrage Workman's compensation

Section 1-13 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The referendum allowed proposed legislation to be submitted to the voters for approval. Democracy and Progressivism (cont.) (page 421)

Section 1-13 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The recall allowed voters to demand a special election to remove an elected official from office. Democracy and Progressivism (cont.) (page 421)

Section 1-14 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. To stop Senate corruption, progressives wanted the direct election of senators by all state voters. In 1912 Congress passed the direct-election amendment. In 1913 it was ratified, becoming the Seventeenth Amendment to the Constitution. Democracy and Progressivism (cont.) (page 421)

Section 2-13 Social Welfare Action Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. In 1906 famous Muckraker Upton Sinclairs The Jungle described his observations of Chicago slaughterhouses. As a result, federal legislation was passed. (page 430)

Section 2-14 The Meat Inspection Act required federal inspection of meat sold and set standards of cleanliness in meatpacking plants. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Social Welfare Action (cont.) (page 430)

Section 2-14 The Pure Food and Drug Act prohibited the manufacture, sale, or shipment of impure or falsely labeled food and drugs. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Social Welfare Action (cont.) (page 430) Search Powered by Google A-Z Index Site Map Products FDA Regulates Food Food Foodborne Illness, Nutrition, Dietary Supplements... Drugs Drugs Prescription, Over-the-Counter, Generic... Medical Devices Medical Devices Pacemakers, Contact Lenses, Hearing Aids... Biologics Biologics Vaccines, Blood Products... Animal Feed and Drugs Animal Feed and Drugs Livestock, Pets... Cosmetics Cosmetics Safety, Labeling... Radiation-Emitting Products Radiation-Emitting Products Cell Phones, Lasers, Microwaves... Combination Products New for Health Professionals Consumer Health Information Improving Medical Products for Children All Consumer Health > > Improving Medical Products for Children All Consumer Health FDA NEWS FDA Announces Initiative to Bolster Generic Drug ProgramFDA Seeks Nominations for Reagan-Udall FoundationFDA Takes Next Step in Transformation of its Center for Drug Evaluation and ResearchFDA Acts to Ensure Thyroid Drugs Dont Lose Potency Before Expiration DateFDAs Dr. Janet Woodcock Honored by Alliance for Aging Research for Improving Healthy Aging FDA NewsroomFDA Newsroom | Recalls, Product Safety | Product Approvals Press Releases | Meetings | Congressional Testimony | Speeches Recalls, Product SafetyProduct ApprovalsPress ReleasesMeetingsCongressional TestimonySpeeches Food Indus try Register a FacilityRegister a Facility Prior Notice of ImportsPrior Notice of Imports Hot Topics Generic Initiative for Value and Efficienc y (GIVE)Generic Initiative for Value and Efficienc y (GIVE) Law Strength ens FDALaw Strength ens FDA Buying Medicine s and Medical Products OnlineBuying Medicine s and Medical Products Online Counterf eit DrugsCounterf eit Drugs Countert errorismCountert errorism Bioterrori sm ActBioterrori sm Act More Hot Topics...More Hot Topics... FDA Activ ities About FDAAbout FDA FDA FY 2008 BudgetFDA FY 2008 Budget Advisory Committ eesAdvisory Committ ees Clinical Trials Consumers Professio nals Facts@F DAFacts@F DA Field Operatio nsField Operatio ns Freedom of Informati onFreedom of Informati on Imports Internatio nalInternatio nal MedWat chMedWat ch Pediatric sPediatric s Science Toxicolo gical Researc hToxicolo gical Researc h User Fees Animal Drugs Human Drugs Medical Devices Informatio n For Consum ersConsum ers Patients Health Professio nalsHealth Professio nals Health Educator sHealth Educator s State/Lo cal OfficialsState/Lo cal Officials Industry Press Women FDA AlumniFDA Alumni Espaol Seniors Children' s HealthChildren' s Health Teens Search FDA SiteSearch FDA Site | A-Z Index | Site Map | Contact FDA | Privacy | Accessibility | About This WebsiteA-Z IndexSite MapContact FDAPrivacyAccessibilityAbout This Website FDA Website Management Staff Equal Employment Opportunity Data Posted Pursuant to the No Fear Act Report a Problem with a ProductComment on Proposed RegulationsPetition FDAJob OpportunitiesContact FDA Report a Problem with a ProductComment on Proposed RegulationsPetition FDAJob OpportunitiesContact FDA Laws FDA EnforcesCode of Federal RegulationsFederal RegisterGuidance DocumentsFormsDocketsWarning LettersManuals and PublicationsLaws FDA EnforcesCode of Federal RegulationsFederal RegisterGuidance DocumentsFormsDocketsWarning LettersManuals and Publications U. S. Food and Drug Administration 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville MD 20857- 0001 1-888-INFO-FDA (1-888-463-6332) Learn More & Subscribe Subscribe to Multimedia News RSS Feeds [ What is RSS? ][ What is RSS? ] Podcasts [ What is a podc ast? ] [ What is a podc ast? ] Press ReleasesPress Releases Patient Safety NewsPatient Safety News Recalls & AlertsRecalls & Alerts Drug SafetyDrug Safety >>All RSS Feeds Subscribe to FDA's Free E-mail NewslettersConsumer Health | Recalls | Drug Information | All Newsletters Subscribe to FDA's Free E-mail NewslettersConsumer Health | Recalls | Drug Information | All Newsletters

Section 2-16 Conservation Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. President Theodore Roosevelt urged Americans to conserve natural resources. (pages 430431)

Section 2-16 Conservation Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. President Theodore Roosevelt urged Americans to conserve natural resources. In 1902 Roosevelt supported the passage of the Newlands Reclamation Act, which authorized the use of federal funds from public land sales to pay for irrigation and land development projects. Roosevelt appointed Gifford Pinchot to head the United States Forest Service to carefully manage the timber resources in the West. (pages 430431)

History Online Imperialism (1898 - 1917) Americas attempt to expand Manifest Destiny internationally Asia / Pacific introduction of the Open Door Policy in China Wanted to be able to trade as equals to other European nations Began acquiring Pacific islands (Hawaii) as a route to Asian trade Spanish American War (1898) fought in Cuba / Philippines America drawn in by expansionists feelings of superiority (jingoism) Acquire the territories of Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines America now becomes a world power Panama Canal faster trade route through Central America Originally attempted by the French / stopped by disease American technology prevails over yellow fever and using lock system Roosevelt the Imperialist speak softly and carry a big stick Rough Riders, Great White Fleet, Panama Canal, Roosevelt Corollary

Section 2-11 In 1898, after much pressure, McKinley authorized Congress to declare war on Spain. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The Coming of War (cont.) (pages 399401)

Section 1-5 (pages 392394) Building Support for Imperialism Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Beginning in the 1880s, Americans wanted the United States to become a world power.

Section 2-20 The United States acquired Puerto Rico and Guam and paid Spain $20 million for the Philippines. An American Empire is Born (cont.) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 403405)

Section 2-11 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The Coming of War (cont.) (pages 399401) Their change in attitude was a result of economic and military competition from other nations and a growing feeling of cultural superiority.

Section 3-16 (pages 412413) A Growing Presence in the Caribbean Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. In 1901 the Hay-Pauncefote Treaty signed by the U.S. and Great Britain gave the United States exclusive rights to build and control any proposed canal through Central America.

Section 3-18 It shortened the distance from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean by about 8,000 nautical miles. A Growing Presence in the Caribbean (cont.) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 412413)

History Online World War I (1917-1919) Americans wanted to remain isolationist during World War I President Wilson promised to keep America out of The Great War Many events led to America finally declaring war U-Boat attacks (Lusitania), Zimmerman note, anti-German propaganda Americans mobilized to provide support for the troops Rationed food and bought war bonds / factories were safe from fighting Soon after America entered WWI Germany surrendered Treaty of Versailles was intended to punish Germany for WWI Germany was divided tone of treaty will lead to World War II Wilson introduced his 14 points including a League of Nations America wanted to return to isolationism The United States never signed the Treaty of Versailles Did not want to join the League of Nations

Section 1-23 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Germany threatened to sink any ship that entered the waters around Britain. Attacking civilians ships without warning violated an international treaty and outraged the United States. The Lusitania, a British passenger liner, was hit by the Germans, killing almost 1,200 passengers including 128 Americans. Moving Toward War (cont.) (pages 453455)

Section 1-25 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. In return, Mexico would regain territory it had earlier lost to the United States. The Zimmermann telegram was intercepted by British intelligence and leaked to American newspapers. Moving Toward War (cont.) (pages 453455)

Section 1-26 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. In February 1917, Germany went back to unrestricted submarine warfare and, soon after, sank six American merchant ships. After several pleas from the British and French, on April 6, 1917, the United States declared war against Germany. Moving Toward War (cont.)

Section 1-26 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. On April 6, 1917, the United States declared war against Germany. Moving Toward War (cont.) (pages 453455)

Section 3-16 The points required the evacuation of the Central Powers from all countries invaded during the war. The fourteenth point, known as the League of Nations, called for member nations to help preserve peace and prevent future wars. A Flawed Peace (cont.) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 468469)

Section 3-18 The isolationists, led by Henry Cabot Lodge, supported the League but wanted to change the treaty with amendments that would preserve the nations freedom to act independently. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. A Flawed Peace (cont.) (pages 468469)

History Online Roaring 20s / Return to Normalcy (1920-1929) The mass availability of the automobile changed American life Henry Fords assembly line made the car more affordable to Americans Led to a changing landscape and creating many auto related jobs Nativism was prevalent during the time against change The Red Scare leads to a mistrust of immigrants with national quotas Scopes Trial challenges Christian fundamentalism in American schools Prohibition during the 1920s was a failure and later repealed Crime increased with speak-easies supplied by bootleggers The Great Migration continued the flow of African Americans The Harlem Renaissance was sparked with art, literature and jazz American economy was prosperous, looking for leisure fun Charles Lindberg crosses the Atlantic and America follows on the radio The roar of the 1920s was fragile because it was bought on credit

Section 1-9 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Controlling Immigration In 1921 President Harding signed the Emergency Quota Act, limiting immigration to 3 percent of the total number of people in any ethnic group already living in the United States. (page 484)

Section 1-9 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Controlling Immigration This discriminated heavily against southern and eastern Europeans. The National Origins Act of 1924 made immigrant restriction a permanent policy. (page 484) European Immigration Totals, 18901920

Section 1-10 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The act lowered the quotas to 2 percent of each national group living in the U.S. in 1890. This further restricted immigrants from southern and eastern Europe. Controlling Immigration (cont.) (page 484)

Section 1-10 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The act exempted immigrants from the Western Hemisphere from the quotas. The immigration acts of 1921 and 1924 reduced the labor pool in the United States. Controlling Immigration (cont.) (page 484)

Section 1-11 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Employers needed laborers for agriculture, mining, and railroad work. Mexican immigrants began pouring into the United States between 1914 and the end of the 1920s. The immigrants fled their country in the aftermath of the Mexican Revolution of 1910. Controlling Immigration (cont.) (page 484)

Chapter Assessment 10 Geography and History The circle graphs below show immigration numbers in the United States in 1921 and 1925. Study the graphs and answer the questions on the following slides.

History Online The Great Depression (1929-1941) There were signs of the Depression prior to the Great Crash Low farm prices, higher unemployment, less of a demand for goods Stock Market Crash ignites the Great Depression (Oct 1929) As prices started to fall, panic selling set in and prices fell further Many banks that had made margin loans had to sell out of desperation Bank failures accelerate and expand the Great Depression Banks lent money to failed investors that wiped out savings accounts Banks begin to foreclose on homes and farms which increased problems Dust Bowl in the Great Plains due to drought and poor farming Many Americans lose their jobs and there is no demand for goods Americans grow frustrated with Herbert Hoovers lack of action Hoover believed that the business cycle would straighten itself out With 25% unemployment and not end in sight, Americans want action

Section 2-17 The Farm Crisis Returns Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. American farmers did not share in the prosperity of the 1920s. Instead, prices dropped dramatically while the cost to improve farmers technology increased. (pages 519520)

Section 2-17 The Farm Crisis Returns Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. During wartime, the government had encouraged farmers to produce more for food supplies needed in Europe. Farmers borrowed money at inflated prices to buy new land and new machinery to raise more crops. (pages 519520)

Section 2-18 Farmers prospered during the war. After the war, Europeans had little money to buy American farm products. After Congress raised tariffs, farmers could no longer sell products overseas, and prices fell. President Coolidge twice vetoed a bill to aid the farmers, fearing it would only make the situation worse. American farmers remained in a recession throughout the 1920s. The Farm Crisis Returns (cont.) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 519520)

Section 3-16 Between 1930 and 1934, creditors foreclosed, or took possession of, almost a million farms. In an Angry Mood (cont.) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 544546)

Section 1-9 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. As the bull market continued to go up, many investors bought stocks on margin, making a small cash down payment. The Long Bull Market (cont.) (pages 531532)

Section 1-9 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. This was considered safe as long as stock prices continued to rise. If the stock began to fall, the broker could issue a margin call demanding that the investor repay the loan immediately. The Long Bull Market (cont.) (pages 531532)

Section 1-10 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. In the late 1920s, new investors bid prices up without looking at a companys earnings and profits. Speculation occurred when investors bet on the market climbing and bought whatever stock they could in an effort to make a quick profit. The Long Bull Market (cont.) (pages 531532)

Section 1-12 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The Great Crash By late 1929, a lack of new investors in the stock market caused stock prices to drop and the bull market to end. (pages 532533)

Section 1-12 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The Great Crash As stockbrokers advised their customers of margin calls, customers responded by placing their stocks up for sale, causing the stock market to plummet further. (pages 532533)

Section 1-12 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The Great Crash Stock prices fell drastically on October 29, 1929, Black Tuesday, resulting in a $15 to $30 billion loss in one week. (pages 532533)

Section 1-13 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. The stock market crash weakened the nations banks. Banks lost money on their investments, and speculators defaulted on loans. Because the government did not insure bank deposits, customers lost their money if a bank closed. The Great Crash (cont.) (pages 532533)

Section 1-14 Bank runs resulted as many bank customers withdrew their money at the same time, causing the bank to collapse. The Great Crash (cont.) (pages 532533)

Section 1-17 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Low consumption added to the economic problems. Workers wages did not increase fast enough to keep up with the quick production of goods. As sales decreased, workers were laid off, resulting in a chain reaction that further hurt the economy. The Roots of the Great Depression (pages 533534)

Chapter Summary 1

History Online The New Deal (1933-1941) Franklin Roosevelt builds a relationship with the people Takes immediate action with banks and informs the public (fireside chats) The First New Deal was for immediate relief Main goal was to put people to work and get money in the economy WPA, CCC, Tennessee Valley Authority Agricultural Adjustment Act stabilized crop prices saved farms The Second New Deal was for long term solutions Social Security Act provided a safety net The New Deal had many critics Some critics felt government interfered to much (Socialist) Some critics felt the government left people behind, not doing enough The New Deal helps ease the Depression but does not end it Need for war materials by the US and its Allies will end the Depression

Chapter Summary 1

M/C 2-2e

M/C 3-1

History Online Causes of World War II (1936-1941) Results of World War I laid the groundwork for World War II Hitler rose due to German humiliation from WWI and economic chaos Mein Kampf Germans were stabbed in the back by disloyalty Changed Germany to a fascist dictatorship Germany expands across Europe by diplomacy and force Munich Conference England and France appease Hitlers demands Soviet-Nazi Pact Hitler and Stalin agree to divide Poland Invasion Hitler invades Poland, takes over France, bombs England Holocaust Hitler blamed the Jews for economic hardships Nazis wanted to get rid of inferiors (Jews, Slavic people, disabled) Used Concentration Camps to work captors and then kill them Pearl Harbor December 7 th, 1941 America enters the war After the attack Germany and Italy declare war on the United States

Section 4-20 The Japanese decided to attack resource-rich British and Dutch colonies in Southeast Asia, seize the Philippines, and attack Pearl Harbor. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Japan Attacks the United States (cont.) (pages 604606)

Section 4-20 Japan attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, sinking or damaging 21 ships of the U.S. Pacific Fleet, killing 2,403 Americans, and injuring hundreds more. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Japan Attacks the United States (cont.) (pages 604606)

Section 4-20 The next day, President Roosevelt asked Congress to declare war on Japan. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Japan Attacks the United States (cont.) (pages 604606)

Section 4-20 Yesterday, December 7, 1941 a date which will live in infamy the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan... I have directed that all measures be taken for our defense... No matter how long it may take us to overcome this premeditated invasion, the American people in their righteous might will win through to absolute victory. Franklin D. Roosevelt December 8, 1941 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Japan Attacks the United States (pages 604606)